scholarly journals Egyptian Dystopias of the 21st Century

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 79-94
Author(s):  
Barbara Bakker
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Contemporary Literature ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Speculative Fiction ◽  
Arabic Literature ◽  
Common Elements ◽  
Literary Field ◽  
Dystopian Literature ◽  
Narrative Tradition ◽  
Selection Of

During the first two decades of the 21st century an increasing amount of narratives termed as Arabic dystopian fiction appeared on the Arabic literary scene, with a greater part authored by Egyptian writers. However, what characterises/marks a work as a dystopia? This paper investigates the dystopian nature of a selection of Egyptian literary works within the frame of the dystopian narrative tradition. The article begins by introducing the features of the traditional literary dystopias as they will be used in the analysis. It then gives a brief overview of the development of the genre in the Arabic literature. The discussion that follows highlights common elements and identifies specific themes in six Egyptian novels selected for the analysis, thereby highlighting differences and similarities between them and the traditional Western dystopias. The article calls for a categorisation of Arabic dystopian narrative that takes into consideration social, political, historical and cultural factors specific for the Arabic in general, and Egyptian in particular, literary field. Keywords: Arabic literature, dystopia, dystopian literature, contemporary literature, Egypt, fiction, speculative fiction.

scholarly journals On Computability and Applicability of Mann-Reich-Sabach-Type Algorithms for Approximating the Solutions of Equilibrium Problems in Hilbert Spaces

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
F. O. Isiogugu ◽  
P. Pillay ◽  
P. U. Nwokoro
Keyword(s):  
Hilbert Space ◽  
Hilbert Spaces ◽  
Equilibrium Problems ◽  
Real Hilbert Space ◽  
Contemporary Literature ◽  
Iteration Scheme ◽  
Common Elements ◽  
Type Mapping ◽  
The Common ◽  
Selection Of

We establish the existence of a strong convergent selection of a modified Mann-Reich-Sabach iteration scheme for approximating the common elements of the set of fixed points F(T) of a multivalued (or single-valued) k-strictly pseudocontractive-type mapping T and the set of solutions EP(F) of an equilibrium problem for a bifunction F in a real Hilbert space H. This work is a continuation of the study on the computability and applicability of algorithms for approximating the solutions of equilibrium problems for bifunctions involving the construction of a sequence {Kn}n=1∞ of closed convex subsets of H from an arbitrary x0∈H and a sequence {xn}n=1∞ of the metric projections of x0 into Kn. The obtained result is a partial resolution of the controversy over the computability of such algorithms in the contemporary literature.

scholarly journals Strong convergence of a selection of ishikawa-reich-sabach-type algorithm

Filomat ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 1505-1516
Author(s):  
Obiageli Isiogugu ◽  
Paranjothi Pillay ◽  
Osuo-Siseken Uzoma-Oguguo
Keyword(s):  
Strong Convergence ◽  
Equilibrium Problems ◽  
Real Hilbert Space ◽  
Contemporary Literature ◽  
Iteration Scheme ◽  
Common Elements ◽  
Type Mapping ◽  
Type Algorithm ◽  
The Common ◽  
Selection Of

We establish the strong convergence of a selection of an Ishikawa-Reich-Sabach iteration scheme for approximating the common elements of the set of fixed points F(T) of a multi-valued (or singlevalued) pseudocontractive-type mapping T and the set of solutions EP(F) of an equilibrium problem for a bifunction F in a real Hilbert space H. This work is a contribution to the study on the computability and applicability of algorithms for approximating the solutions of equilibrium problems for bifunctions involving the construction of the sequence {Kn}?n=1 of closed convex subsets of H from an arbitrary x0 ? H and the sequence {xn}?n=1 of the metric projections of x0 into Kn. The results obtained are contributions to the resolution of the controversy over the computability and applicability of such algorithms in the contemporary literature.

scholarly journals Joint universal modular plasmids (JUMP): a flexible vector platform for synthetic biology

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Valenzuela-Ortega ◽  
Christopher French
Keyword(s):  
Copy Number ◽  
Life Science ◽  
Insertion Site ◽  
Golden Gate ◽  
Common Elements ◽  
Modern Life ◽  
Specific Host ◽  
Modular Cloning ◽  
Golden Gate Cloning ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Generation of new DNA constructs is an essential process in modern life science and biotechnology. Modular cloning systems based on Golden Gate cloning, using Type IIS restriction endonucleases, allow assembly of complex multipart constructs from reusable basic DNA parts in a rapid, reliable and automation-friendly way. Many such toolkits are available, with varying degrees of compatibility, most of which are aimed at specific host organisms. Here, we present a vector design which allows simple vector modification by using modular cloning to assemble and add new functions in secondary sites flanking the main insertion site (used for conventional modular cloning). Assembly in all sites is compatible with the PhytoBricks standard, and vectors are compatible with the Standard European Vector Architecture (SEVA) as well as BioBricks. We demonstrate that this facilitates the construction of vectors with tailored functions and simplifies the workflow for generating libraries of constructs with common elements. We have made available a collection of vectors with 10 different microbial replication origins, varying in copy number and host range, and allowing chromosomal integration, as well as a selection of commonly used basic parts. This design expands the range of hosts which can be easily modified by modular cloning and acts as a toolkit which can be used to facilitate the generation of new toolkits with specific functions required for targeting further hosts.

LINGUOCULTURAL POTENTIAL OF EUPHEMISMS-AMULETS

2021 ◽  
pp. 68-74
Author(s):  
SERGEY I. ROMANOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Target Selection ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Cultural Community ◽  
Magical Power ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Cultural Code ◽  
Russian Linguistic ◽  
Selection Of

The article deals with a special type of euphemisms-amulets, that is, linguocultural units endowed with the function of protection. There are two types of euphemisms-amulets from the point of view of relevance: obsolete and current units. Obsolete euphemisms- amulets have targets that are not recognized as dangerous by the modern linguistic and cultural community. Current euphemisms-amulets, although not always consciously, are used by representatives of the modern Russian linguistic and cultural community to protect against something bad. The paper establishes that the use of the euphemism-amulet is based on the transla- tion of the target's representation into another cultural code. The work reveals that the euphemisms-amulets are directed not to mitigate an unwanted nomination but how to replace it. An undesirable nomination is endowed with negative magical properties, which is why the linguocultural community imposes a ban on its use. A protective cultural function is superim- posed on the euphemism. The main pragmatic explanation for the use of the euphemism- amulet is the speaker's desire not to predict an encounter with an unwanted object, which is based on belief in the magical power of the word. The factors that determine the linguocultural specificity of euphemisms-amulets are revealed. The first factor is target selection. For the Russian linguocultural community, such targets include a totemic animal, evil forces representing another world, death. The second factor is the selection of nominations for the euphemistic function, which is determined by culturally marked background knowledge, ideas, and typical practices. The communicative- pragmatic platform for the use of euphemisms-amulets is the belief in the magical power of the word, in the fact that the use of the forbidden word can lead to negative consequences (in particular, to cause the appearance of something dangerous, undesirable). The work proves that the identified cultural factors are universal, based on universal archetypes: one's own / another's, permission / prohibition, life / death. At the same time, the fact of the appearance of the euphemism-amulet, the choice of its internal form is determined by national and cultural factors.

Lead Screening

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 854-855
Author(s):  
LYNN R. GOLDMAN
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Lead Toxicity ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Mortality Weekly Report ◽  
California Department ◽  
Weekly Report ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
Selection Of

To the Editor.— Dr Edgar J. Schoen does not like lead screening.1 In a letter to Pediatrics, "Lead Toxicity in the 21st Century: Will We Still Be Treating It?" he refers to a study my colleagues at the California Department of Health Services and I conducted in Oakland, California as "a vivid example of how poor methodology and biased selection of subjects can lead to greatly exaggerated prevalence rates," accusing me of having a "serious omission" in a submission to Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.

scholarly journals قضايا موضوعية في "أم النذور" للروائي عبد الرحمن منيف: دراسة تحليلية نقدية / Topical issues in the novel “Umm Nuzur” by Abdurrahman Munif: An Analytical and Critical Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nor Safirah Binti Ahmad Sufian ◽  
Mohammed Ahmed Al Qudah
Keyword(s):  
Social Issues ◽  
Arabic Literature ◽  
Critical Study ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Artistic Creativity ◽  
Critical Studies ◽  
Religious Issues ◽  
Critical Methods ◽  
Selection Of

ملخص البحث: تتطرّق هذه الدراسة إلى قضايا شتى في رواية "أم النذور" للكاتب عبد الرحمن منيف، وتهدف إلى إظهار إبداعية الكاتب في صياغتها في روايته. يعتمد الباحثان في هذه الدراسة على المناهج الآتية: الوصف والتحليل والنقد؛ إذ يقومان بعرض نبذة عن حياة الروائي في بداية الدراسة، ثم يقومان بالتحليل والنقد للقضايا المتوافرة في الرواية مع التنويه بمظاهر الإبداع الفني فيها. تحاول هذه الدراسة الإسهام في إثراء الدراسات النقدية في الأدبي العربي فضلاً عن توسيع المراجع المتعلقة بفن السيرة والتراجم. ومما توصّل إليه الباحثان من خلال هذه الدراسة أن رواية "أم النذور" تحمل في طياتها قضايا عديدة، وهي تنقسم إلى ثلاثة أقسام، أولها القضايا الاجتماعية، ومن أهمها الشعوذة وغيرها من أمور الغيبيات والمعتقدات الخرافية. وثانيها القضايا الإنسانية التي لها علاقة بشعور الإنسان وعاطفته، وثالثها القضايا الدينية التي ترتبط بالأبعاد الإسلامية، وفضلاً عن ذلك، وجدت الدراسة أن الكاتب وفّق في رسم الشخصيات، وانتقاء أسمائها، وبناء الأحداث في روايته، كما تبدو كذلك محاولته في تشويه سمعة الرجال المتديّنين.   الكلمات المفتاحية: رواية "أم النذور" – عبد الرحمن منيف – القضايا – الشعوذة – الجوانب الإسلامية.    Abstract: This study discusses various issues in the novel “Umm al-Nudhur” written by Abd al-Rahman Munif. It aims to highlight his creativy as formulated in his novel. The writers make use in the study descriptive, analytical and critical methods. The researchers present briefly an overview of the writer’s background at the beginning of the study and then analyze critically the various issues in the novel keeping in mind the artistic creativity of the novel. This study is expected to contribute to the existing critical studies of Arabic literature as well as to enrich the biographical references related to the art of biography wrting. In conclusion, the novel "Umm al-Nudzūr" is found to accommodate diverse issues which can be divided into three sections. First: social issues that encompass mystical belief such as witchcraft, sorcery and superstition. Second: human issues which are related to emotion and feeling of mankind. Third: religious issues that reflect the dimensions of Islam. This study also found the ability of Abd al-Rahman Munif to depict the characters through the selection of their name and building a successful plot. Apart from that, it could be seen indirectly that the writer attempts to defame the reputation of religious men in his novel.   Keywords: Novel “Umm al-Nudhur” – Abd al-Rahman Munif – Issues – Mystic Belief – Islamic Teaching.   Abstrak: Kajian ini membincangkan isu-isu yang dalam novel "Umm al-Nudhur" karya Abd al-Rahman Munif. Tujuan kajian ini dijalankan adalah untuk meninjau pemikiran Abd al-Rahman Munif, sekaligus menonjolkan cara penampilan kreativiti beliau dalam karya tersebut. Reka bentuk kajian ini adalah berdasarkan kepada metod deskriptif, analitikal dan kritis. Pengkaji mengemukakan biografi penulis secara ringkas pada permulaan kajian, disusuli dengan analisis dan kritikan terhadap isu-isu yang dipaparkan dalam novel yang dikaji di samping menekankan aspek kreativiti penulis dalam mengolah isu-isu berkenaan. Kajian ini diharap dapat memberi sumbangan terhadap bidang kritikan dalam kesusasteraan Arab selain dapat menambah rujukan tentang seni penulisan biografi. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa novel “Umm al-Nudhur” mengandungi pelbagai isu dan persoalan yang boleh dikategorikan kepada tiga bahagian. Pertama: isu-isu kemasyarakatan melibatkan kepercayaan mistik seperti ilmu sihir, khurafat dan kepercayaan karut. Kedua: isu-isu kemanusiaan berkaitan emosi dan perasaan seseorang insan. Ketiga: isu-isu keagamaan yang memaparkan dimensi-dimensi ajaran Islam. Kajian ini juga dapat melihat kemampuan penulis dalam mempersembahkan jalan cerita secara baik, keupayaan beliau dalam menggambarkan setiap watak melalui pemilihan nama-nama sebilangan watak dan kejayaan beliau dalam menyusun plot yang berkesan. Selain itu, kajian juga mendapati bahawa Abd al-Rahman Munif cuba secara tidak langsung merendahkan reputasi golongan agamawan melalui novel tersebut.   Kata kunci: Novel “Umm al-Nudhur” – Abd al-Rahman Munif – Isu dan persoalan – Kepercayaan karut – Ajaran Islam.

scholarly journals Archiving Metaxourgio

2021 ◽  
pp. 167-184
Author(s):  
Thomais Kordonouri
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
The Way

‘Archive’ is a totality of records, layers and memories that are collected. A city is the archive that consists of the conscious selection of these layers and traces of the past and the present, looking towards the future. Metaxourgio is an area in the wider historic urban area of Keramikos in Athens that includes traces of various eras, beginning in the Antiquity and continuing all the way into the 21st century. Its archaeological space ‘Demosion Sema’ is mostly concealed under the ground level, waiting to be revealed. In this proposal, Metaxourgio is redesigned in light of archiving. Significant traces of the Antiquity, other ruins and buildings are studied, selected and incorporated in the new interventions. The area becomes the ‘open archive’ that leads towards its lost identity. The proposal aims not only to intensify the relationship of architecture with archaeology, but also to imbue the area’s identity with meanings that refer to the past, present and future.

Understanding Nasheed for Learning Strategy in Islamic Education

2020 ◽  
pp. 205-218
Author(s):  
Muhammad Talhah Ajmain ◽  
Jimaain Safar ◽  
Ahmad Kilani Mohamed ◽  
Miftachul Huda
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Confidence Level ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Learning Strategy ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
High Interest ◽  
Teaching Objectives ◽  
Selection Of

Nashid is one of various teaching methods and facilitator (PdPc). Teenagers nowadays are full of interest in entertainment in the form of songs and singing, and a good alternative is to bring them to God. Thus, this paper will be debating nashid as medium of education and missionary, nashid as a method of teaching and facilitating, the effectiveness of the method, and its implementation in teaching and learning. Aspects of creativeness in education are required in the 21st century. Nashid method is able to help students memorize facts and important things, strengthen memory, create high interest, build excitement, improve motivation and concentration, and enhance the confidence level among students. It will bring about a holistic student. However, the selection of the appropriate nashid must be considered to make sure the teaching objectives are achieved. Thus, teachers in Islamic teaching must look at this method as one of the important methods and apply it in their teaching and facilitating process.

scholarly journals KELONGGARAN PEMILIHAN DAN PENEMPATAN LEKSIKON SEBAGAI FITUR KESANTUNAN BERTUTUR MASYARAKAT JAWA PESISIR

HUMANIKA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
M M. Suryadi
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Coastal Community ◽  
Java Language ◽  
Sequence Selection ◽  
Language Alternation ◽  
Selection Of

Politeness of Java coastal communities have a uniqueness when compared with the politeness of standard Javalanguage. Distinctiveness of its identity can beusedas a coastal community. Characteristic politeness Javanese coastal communities visible in the selection and placement of the lexiconon syntagmatic sequence. Selection of the lexicon is determined more by socio-cultural factors Javanese coastal communities. Placement of the lexicon is determined assuming more speakers than the alternation rules that apply in the standard Java language. The selection and placement of the lexicon in politeness Java coastal communities freed the standard Java language alternation rules.

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