scholarly journals ANÁLISE DOS EFEITOS DA EXPOSIÇÃO CRÔNICA ORAL AO HERBICIDA À BASE DE GLIFOSATO NA REMODELAÇÃO CARDÍACA EM RATOS

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
Larissa Ferreira Ros ◽  
Cristiane Pontes Teodozio ◽  
Ana Julia Alias Costa ◽  
Renata Calciolari Rossi ◽  
Rejane Batista Brinholi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Right Ventricle ◽  
Cardiac Remodeling ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Herbicide Glyphosate

The aim of this study was to analyze the structural cardiac remodeling of rats exposed to the herbicide glyphosate chronically. Twenty male adult Wistar rats (300-450 g) were used, divided into a control group (CG, n=10) and group of rats fed diet contaminated by glyphosate (OG), n =10) for 180 days. After the experimental period, the rats were euthanized and to evaluate structural cardiac remodeling the heart was dissected in the left ventricle (LV), atriums (ATs) and right ventricle (RV) and heavy. There was an increase in the atrium (CG= 0,084±0,22mg e OG 0,105±0,21mg, p=0,048), right ventricles (CG= 0,219±0,04mg e OG= 0,276±0,03mg, p=0,036) and left ventricles (CG= 0,950±0,05mg e OG= 1,030±0,09mg, p=0,040) in the group exposed to glyphosate. Glyphosate promoted an increase in the cardiac chambers of rats that ingested contaminated feed.

scholarly journals Effects of ligature-induced periodontitis in pregnant Wistar rats

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariane Ponzio de Azevedo Galvão ◽  
Cassiano Kuchenbecker Rösing ◽  
Maria Beatriz Cardoso Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Female Adult ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Male Adult

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of ligature-induced periodontal disease in pregnant rats on their newborn's health parameters. Twenty-four female adult Wistar rats were divided into two groups: the control group (G1) and the group that was submitted to dental ligatures around second upper molars (G2). After the four week period of development of periodontitis, the female animals were mated with male adult Wistar rats. There were no differences in the body weight of females between the two groups during mating and pregnancy. No differences were observed among the groups in relation to the viable newborn index. However, there were differences in newborn birth weight, explained by the diverse size of the litters. In this study, ligature-induced periodontal disease did not promote changes during pregnancy that resulted in low birth weight in newborn Wistar rats.

scholarly journals Acute and Subacute Toxicological Evaluation of the Aerial Extract ofMonsonia angustifoliaE. Mey. ex. A. Rich in Wistar Rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Jide Afolayan ◽  
Olubunmi Abosede Wintola ◽  
Gerda Fouche
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Toxicity Testing ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Toxicological Evaluation ◽  
Subacute Toxicity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dose Dependent

The acute and subacute toxicity profile of the aerial extract ofMonsonia angustifoliain Wistar rats was evaluated. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) 420 guideline was adopted in the acute toxicity testing with a single oral dose of 5000 mg/kg (b.w.). For the 28-day daily oral dosing, the extract was administered at 75, 150, and 300 mg/kg b.w.; 1% ethanol in sterile distilled water was used as control. Clinical toxicity signs were subsequently evaluated. At a single dose of 5000 mg/kg b.w. the extract elicited no treatment-related signs of toxicity in the animals during the 14 days of experimental period. In the subacute toxicity, there was no significant difference in hematological, renal, and liver function indices. However, dose-dependent significant increases were observed on the plasma concentrations of white blood cell and platelet counts of the treated animals compared to the control group. While cage observations revealed no treatment-facilitated signs of toxicity, histopathological examinations of the kidneys and liver also showed no obvious lesions and morphological changes. These results suggest that the extract may be labelled and classified as safe and practically nontoxic within the doses and period of investigation in this study.

scholarly journals Early alterations in myocardia and vessels of the diabetic rat heart: an FTIR microspectroscopic study

2006 ◽  
Vol 397 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neslihan Toyran ◽  
Peter Lasch ◽  
Dieter Naumann ◽  
Belma Turan ◽  
Feride Severcan
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Right Ventricle ◽  
Rat Heart ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type I ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Right ◽  
Left Ventricle Myocardium

Diabetes mellitus is associated with a high incidence and poor prognosis of cardiovascular disease. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of relatively short-term (5 weeks) Type I diabetes on the left ventricle, the right ventricle and the vessel (vein) on the left ventricle of the myocardium at molecular level by FTIR (Fourier-transform infrared) microspectroscopy. The rats were categorized into two groups: control group (for the left ventricle myocardium, n=8; for the right ventricle myocardium, n=9; for the vein, n=9) and streptozotocin-induced diabetic group (for the left ventricle myocardium, n=7; for the right ventricle myocardium, n=9; for the vein, n=8). Two adjacent cross-sections of 9 μm thickness were taken from the ventricles of the hearts in two groups of rats by using a cryotome. The first sections were used for FTIR microspectroscopy measurements. The second serial sections were stained by haematoxylin/eosin for comparative purposes. Diabetes caused an increase in the content of lipids, an alteration in protein profile with a decrease in α-helix and an increase in β-sheet structure as well as an increase in glycogen and glycolipid contents in both ventricles and the vein. Additionally, the collagen content was found to be increased in the vein of the diabetic group. The present study demonstrated that diabetes-induced alterations in the rat heart can be detected by correlating the IR spectral changes with biochemical profiles in detail. The present study for the first time demonstrated the diabetes-induced alterations at molecular level in both ventricle myocardia and the veins in relatively short-term diabetes.

scholarly journals Effect of crataegus oxyacanta on antioxidant status in isoproterenol- induced myocardial infarction in male adult rats.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Reza Karamibonari
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Heart Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I

Introdution: Crataegus oxycanta (hawthorn) is used in herbal and homeopathic medicine as a cardiotonic.The present study was done to investigate the effect of the Crataegus oxycanta on antioxidant status in induced myocardial infarction in rat. Methods: In this experimental study, four groups of wistar rats (200-220g) each comprising 10 animals, were selected for this study. Group I, rats served as control. Group II rats were given isoperternol (85mg/kg body weight) subcutaneously on 15th and 16th days. Group III rats were given Crataegus oxycanta (100mg/kg/day), orally for 30 days.  Group IV rats were given Crataegus oxycanta (100mg/kg/day), orally for 30 days and isoperternol (85mg/kg body weight, subcutaneously) was given on 15th and 16th days. At the end of the experimental period, the rats were anaesthetized and blood obtained from the heart then rats were sacrificed and the hearts were removed for biochemical and histological analysis. The activity of malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and total antioxidants was studied. Descriptive one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used in different group. Significance was defined as P ≤ 0.05. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software version 16. Results: Crataegus significantly reduced plasma and heart tissue MDA levels (p<0.05) and significantly increased catalase, SOD, GPX and total antioxidant levels versus the group that received only isoperternol (p<0.05 ). Crataegus also decreased the rate of edema, inflammatory cell infiltration and heart tissue necrosis compared to the group that received only isoperternol. Conclusion: The study confirms the protective effect of Crataegus oxycanta against tissue damage and  oxidative stress caused by  isoperternol induced myocardial infarction

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF NOCTURNAL INCREASE OF BLOOD PRESSURE ON CARDIAC REMODELING IN PATIENTS WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
A. I Miroshnichenko ◽  
K. M Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Right Ventricle ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Antihypertensive Therapy ◽  
Cardiac Remodeling ◽  
Interventricular Septum ◽  
Posterior Wall ◽  
The Right ◽  
Group 1

Actuality. Arterial hypertension (AH) is the main risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases, disability and cardiovascular mortality. Episodes of blood pressure (BP) increase during the day in patients receiving antihypertensive therapy are an unfavourable factor contributing to the development and progression of cardiac remodeling. Aim. The purpose of the research is to study the features of changes in the structural and functional state of the heart under the influence of high blood pressure at night in patients with arterial hypertension with the dynamic three-year observation. Material and methods. 47 patients with the diagnosis of AH were examined. Patients were divided into two groups, randomized by age, duration and severity of AH. Group 1 included 24 patients who as a result of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) on the background of combined antihypertensive therapy suffered from constantly increased BP at night. The second group combined 23 patients without the increase in BP during the night according to the ABPM with antihypertensive therapy. The examination included measurement of the office BP, ABPM, two-fold echocardiography with a three-year interval. Results. When assessing the indices of office BP in the groups, there were no significant differences, all patients achieved the target values of BP. In patients in Group 1, higher values of BP were observed during the day, according to ABPM. Echocardiography over a three year period of observation revealed a more pronounced increase in diastolic interventricular septum thickness, the thickness of the left ventricle posterior wall during diastole, sizes of left atrium in the patients of the first group, patients of the second group had a more pronounced thickness of the left ventricle posterior wall during systole. The increase in the size of the right ventricle was revealed in both groups. Conclusions. 1) In patients with the increase in blood pressure at night, the values of BP variability were higher during the day. 2) Three-year dynamic observation revealed that the increase in BP at night in patients with hypertension facilitated acceleration of cardiac remodelling and was associated with an increase in the left ventricular posterior wall, interventricular septum thickness, the size of the left atrium, and the size of the right ventricle.

Right ventricular hypertrophy and polycythaemia in rats after intermittent exposure to hypoxia

1985 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 595-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Moore-Gillon ◽  
I. R. Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Intermittent Hypoxia ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Significant Difference

1. Six groups of 20 male adult rats were maintained in an environmental chamber, each group for a period of 28 days. One group breathed air throughout its experimental period, and a second group breathed a normobaric atmosphere of 12% oxygen. The other four groups were exposed to this hypoxic atmosphere for only a proportion of each 24 h cycle: 2, 4 and 12 h daily, and eight periods of 30 min daily. 2. After 28 days, measurement was made, in each rat, of right ventricule (RV) weight and of red cell mass (RCM) by using 51Cr-labelled rat erythrocytes. 3. In the normoxic control group, RV weight corrected for log body weight in grams was 63.2 ± 1 mg/log body wt. and RCM was 2.02 ± 0.05 ml/100 g body wt. This was significantly less than in the group hypoxic for only 2 h each day for 28 days: RV weight 66.6 ± 0.8 mg/log body wt. (P < 0.05) and RCM 2.27 ± 0.05 ml/100g body wt. (P < 0.05). Greater increases compared with control were observed in all the other hypoxic groups. There was no significant difference in the increases in RV weight and RCM produced by daily hypoxia in a 4 h continuous period and daily hypoxia in eight 30 min periods. 4. The possible role of intermittent hypoxia in producing polycythaemia and pulmonary hypertension has been the subject of much speculation. Our results show that intermittent hypoxia is a potent stimulus to erythropoiesis and to pulmonary hypertension, reflected in RV hypertrophy. They support the view that abnormalities of respiration during sleep may be responsible for the polycythaemia and cor pulmonale seen in some patients with sleep apnoea syndromes and with chronic obstructive airways disease.

scholarly journals Ligation of the left renal vein in epm1-wistar rats: functional and morphologic alterations in the kidneys, testes and suprarenal glands

1997 ◽  
Vol 115 (4) ◽  
pp. 1475-1484 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Carlos Costa Baptista-Silva ◽  
Miriam Sterman Dolnikoff ◽  
Luiz Antonio Ribeiro Moura ◽  
José Osmar Medina Pestana ◽  
Jose Gilberto Henriques Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Vein ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Left Renal Vein ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Initial Surgery ◽  
Suprarenal Glands

OBJECTIVE: The ligation of the left renal vein (LLVR) in man is a contraversial procedure in view of the risks of lesion to the renal parenchyma. With the objective of studying the morphologic and functional alterations caused by these lesions, we conducted experimental research with rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 64 male adult EPM1-WISTAR rats were used, divided into 8 groups - 4 for LLRV and four for control. Each LLRV group and corresponding control group were sacrificed progressively on the 7th, 15th, 30th and 60th day after the initial surgery. RESULTS: We found morphofunctional alterations only in animals that underwent LLRV in the four periods of sacrifice.The proteinuria creatinine in serum, testosterone in serum and serum corticosterone in serum showed practically no alteration in relation to the normal values for rats. Statistically significant severe histological lesions were found in the kidneys and testes of the LLRV groups. Lesions in the suprarenal glands were also present in these groups, but no sufficient to demonstrate statistical significance CONCLUSION: Based on these results we can conclude that the ligation of the left renal vein is a procedure of high risk in these animals.

scholarly journals Animal models of ovariectomy in rats demonstrate characteristics similar to early stage osteoarthritis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natália Aparecida Casonato ◽  
Camila Marques de Araújo ◽  
Mariane Santos Trevisan ◽  
Cristina Arrais Lima ◽  
Fernando Augusto Vasilceac
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intermediate Region ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Deep Region

Abstract Purpose The aim of our study is to analyze the model of ovariectomy (OVX) in rats reproduced histological changes of osteoarthritis (OA). Methods For the development of the research, 12 Wistar rats were used, divided into 2 equal groups: Control Group - C (n = 6) and Osteoarthritis Group - OA (n = 6). After the 6-month experimental period, all rats were sacrificed and, subsequently, the entire knee joint complex was removed without disarticulation. For the histological evaluation of the tissue, the recommendations of the International Society for Research in OA (OARSI) were used. For data processing, each evaluation was statistically treated in both groups, comparing data from group C with the group OA. Results: Through the histological evaluation of OARSI, the evolution of OA in various tissues of the joint was evaluated. Although the OA group showed noticeable differences from group C, they were not as significant. Thus, only statistically significant favors were presented in the loss of the cartilaginous matrix (OA and C, p = 0.51), considering that the changes in the loss of ECM occurred only at the depth of 0% (superficial region), but at the depth of 50% (intermediate region) and 100% depth (deep region) did not exist. Conclusion Our study demonstrated that the OVX model is a good model to discuss OA, showing histological changes similar to those found in OA, the model demonstrated to have a progressive and slow characteristic since after the OARSI evaluations, prominent evidence was found in the initial manifestations of OA.

scholarly journals Cadmium induced hepatic intoxication and amelioration by grape seed extract

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Adel Adel Alkhedaide ◽  
Gehan Youssef ◽  
Rabab El-Zoghby ◽  
Mohamed Mahmoud ◽  
Shimaa Atwa
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Grape Seed Extract ◽  
Grape Seed ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Degenerative Changes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Central Vein ◽  
Stomach Tube ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Hydropic Degeneration

Cadmium (Cd) is wide-spread toxic metal that pollutes most of the vegetables, which eaten by numerous populations all over the world. The aim of the current work is to evaluate the protective and prophylactic effects of the antioxidant materials in the grape seed extract (GSE) on the hepatic intoxication induced by cadmium chloride toxic material in male Wistar rats. Male adult Wistar rats were divided into four groups. Control group fed on balanced diet and given drinking water. Group two (control positive) given CdCl2 in the dose of 0.44 mg/kg body weight (BW) by stomach tube daily. Group three given grape seed extract GSE in the dose of (100 mg/kg BW) daily by stomach tube. Finally, the fourth group gave mixture of (GSE and CdCl2) by stomach tube in the recommended dose. Blood and liver tissues were collected for further biochemical and histopathological studies. CdCl2 significantly increased the serum levels of malondialdehyde, ALT and AST. Cadmium administration decreased levels of antioxidants (Catalase, GSH-R and GSH-Px). The liver of the control positive groups which given CdCl2 showed degenerative changes in the form of vacuolar and hydropic degeneration. Congestion was evident in the central vein and proliferation of the kupffer cells. These hepatic biochemical and degenerative changes were ameliorated by the co addition of GSE.

scholarly journals 1027 Mechanical dispersion of the left and right ventricle and the correlation with ventricular arrhythmias in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
N M Popa-Fotea ◽  
M M Micheu ◽  
M Dorobantu
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Right Ventricle ◽  
Ventricular Arrhythmias ◽  
Speckle Tracking ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mechanical Dispersion ◽  
2D Speckle Tracking ◽  
The Right ◽  
Ventricular Tachycardias ◽  
2D And 3D

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements CREDO Project - ID: 49182, financed through the SOP IEC -A2-0.2.2.1-2013-1 cofinanced by the ERDF Introduction One important cause of sudden cardiac death in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) are ventricular arrhythmias. In patients with HCM, non-sustained ventricular arrhythmias were analysed in relation with 2D speckle tracking mechanical dispersion of left ventricle (LVMD), but not in relation with mechanical dispersion of the right ventricle. Purpose To investigate the possible associations between mechanical dispersion and other echocardiographic parameters and the development of non-sustained ventricular tachycardias (NSVT) in HCM patients. Methods Clinical, 24 hours ECG-Holter, 2D and 3D echocardiography data were registered in HCM patients and in a healthy control group (with normal echocardiography). The 24 hours ECG-Holter was used for detecting NSVT. LVMD was calculated as the standard deviation of time to peak negative strain in the sixteenth segments of the left ventricle. The right ventricle mechanical dispersion (RVMD) was calculated on a three free wall segments model (FWMD), but also in six segments (three RV free wall segments plus three septal segments). Right and left ventricle function was evaluated by conventional echography and 2D speckle tracking imaging. Results Fifty-two patients with HCM and thirty-six age and sex matched subjects were included in the study. In HCM group, 6 patients (11,5%) associated biventricular hypertrophy, while 15 (28.8%) had NSVT on ECG monitoring (group HCM1). HCM1 patients had a much higher LVMD (77.38 ± 11.19 ms) compared with HCM patients without NSVT (group HCM2) (55.8 ± 23.85 ms, p = 0.001, CI:-33.9,-9.3) or compared with controls (43.07 ± 14.19 ms, p &lt;0.001, CI: -44.68, -25.99). The 6 segments RVMD (60.23 ± 10.2 ms) was significantly higher in the CMH1 group compared with CMH2 (45.22 ± 9.8 ms, p = 0.01, CI: -32.1, -28.1) or with the control group (22 ±14 ms, p &lt; 0.001,CI: -36.28, -30.12) independently of the existence of RV hypertrophy. Also, FWMD (55.2 ± 4.8 ms) was significantly higher in CMH1 group in comparation with CMH2 (42.3 ± 5.6 ms, p = 0.02, CI: -27.1, -8.2) or controls (32.1 ± 2.2 ms, p = 0.006, CI: -28.1, -12.1). The presence of NSVT correlated with global longitudinal strain (GS) 2C (-0.442, p = 0.009), GS LAX (r=-0.373, p = 0.03), GS mean value (r=-0.345, p = 0.046), LVMD (r = 0.462, p = 0.006), FWMD (r = 0.51, p = 0.004), 6 segments RVMD (r = 0.46, p = 0.05), 2D and 3D left atrial volume (r = 0.446, p = 0.008 and respectively, r = 0.512, p = 0.002). In a logistic regression, the only parameters associated with NSVT were LVMD (OR = 1.046, p = 0.05), FWMD (OR = 1.03, p = 0.05) and 6 segments MD (OR = 1.1, p = 0.04). Conclusions Increased mechanical dispersion of the left, but also right ventricle is associated with the risk of non-sustained ventricular tachycardias in HCM patients.

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