scholarly journals Phytochemical Analysis and Antimicrobial Activity of Ziziphus spina-christi and Tamarix aphylla Leaves᾽ Extracts as Effective Treatment for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Thrita ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Taghi Taghipour ◽  
Reihaneh Nameni ◽  
Mehrad Taghipour ◽  
Fereshteh Ghorat
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Herbal Remedy ◽  
Salient Feature ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Cell Surface Receptor ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Protein Inhibition

Background: The increased use of antibiotics has led to the frequent occurrence of resistant bacterial strains᾽ infections and increased side effects. It is inevitable that medicinal plants and their good antimicrobial activities for controlling and curing different infectious diseases is always a salient feature of various investigations. Also, understanding the plant species in the light of the Holy Quran, religious texts, and the sacred books could make a useful contribution to studying two significant plants used as ancient and reliable medicines. Objectives: The present research used two plants for medicinal products to evaluate their antimicrobial activity. Ziziphus spina-christi (sider) is a medicinal and traditional plant and ethanol and methanol extracts of its leaves have been used against some bacterial and viral infections. Another herbal remedy is Tamarix aphylla with the local name of Ghaz, as the largest known species of Tamarix. The stem smoke of Tamarix aphylla is used by people in the desert area as an antibiotic and antimicrobial agent. Methods: The leaves of Ziziphus spina-christi and Tamarix aphylla were collected to extract their flavonoids and alkaloids using methanol and ethanol, respectively. Moreover, in the process of extraction, powdered and dried leaves by using disc diffusion testing and undiluted neat solution were prepared. Results: The extracted phytochemicals exhibited antimicrobial activity of the two plants through alkaloids and flavonoids as secondary metabolites. Substantial influences on impairing the energy metabolism weakened microbial growth, resulting in the fat formation and protein inhibition. Conclusions: It was concluded that flavonoids and alkaloids from Ziziphus spina-christi and Tamarix aphylla leaves have antimicrobial potential. On the other hand, the process of cell division can be affected by alkaloids that are bound to DNA. Also, flavonoids bind to DNA and RNA, resulting in impairing energy metabolism causing the weakened growth of the microbe affecting protein inhibition and fat formation. Viral cell walls are made up of proteins. Coronavirus spike proteins and viral membrane fusions are wonderful molecules. Through binding to the host cell surface receptor, coronaviruses enter host cells and then fuse the host and viral membranes. Through precipitating the protein components, tannins in Ziziphus spina-christi behave as detoxifying agents by inhibiting their growth.

Preliminary phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activities of plant extract of Elaeocarpus ganitrus Roxb.

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (09) ◽  
pp. 4885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khushbu Pandey ◽  
Mahendra Singh* ◽  
Bharat Pandey ◽  
Anshulika Upadhyaya ◽  
Kamal K. Pande
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Rhizopus Oryzae ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal ◽  
Anti Fungal

The present study was carried out for phytochemical screening of principle bioactive compounds and antimicrobial activity in Elaeocarpus ganitrus Roxb., Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of saponin, terpenoid, steroid, saponin, flavonoid, tannin and alkaloid. The petroleum, ether, chloroform, methanol, acetone and aqueous extracts were subjected to antimicrobial activity against bacterial strains Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas, E. coli and Bacillus subtilis against anti-fungal strains A.awamori, A.fumigatus, Rhizopus oryzae, Trichoderma viridae and C.oryzae. The antibacterial and antifungal activity was evaluated by disc-diffusion method.

Synergistic Effects of Essential Oils of Ammoides verticillata and Satureja candidissima Against Many Pathogenic Microorganisms

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Benyoucef ◽  
Mohammed El Amine Dib ◽  
Boufeldja Tabti ◽  
Arrar Zoheir ◽  
Jean Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Ammoides Verticillata

Background: Antibiotic resistance is today one of the most serious threats to global health, food security and development. Due to the growing number of infections, treatment becomes more difficult, if not impossible, because of the loss of antibiotic efficacy. Objective: In the present investigation, the chemical composition of essential oils of Ammoides verticillata and Satureja candidissima and their synergistic effects on antimicrobial activities were investigated. Methods: The chemical composition of the essential oil was analyzed by Gas Chromatography (GC) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC/MS). The antimicrobial activity of the essential oils was investigated using dilution-agar method against nine bacterial strains three Gram-negative Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) and Salmonella typhi (ATCC 14028), and six Gram-positive: Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 43300,) Clostridium sporogenes (ATCC 19404), Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633), Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 7314), Lactobacillus rhamnosus (ATCC 53103) and Bacillus cereus (ATCC 14579). Results: The essential oil of A. verticillata was characterized principally by carvacrol (44,3%), Limonene (19,3%) and p-cymene (19,2%). The constituents identified of S. candidissima essential oil were principally oxygenated monoterpenes represented by pulegone (70,4%). The essential oil of A. verticillata had a good antimicrobial activity against four bacterial strains (Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Bacillus cereus) with MIC and MBC values between 0.2-0.4 µl/ml and 0.2-6.2 µl/ml, respectively. While, S. candidissima essential oil had moderate antimicrobial activities against all strains with MIC and MBC values between 1.5-6.2 µl/ml and 6.2-12.5 µl/ml, respectively. The results of antimicrobial activity of essential oils blend presented higher antimicrobial activity against all tested bacteria with MIC and MBC values between 0.3-1.5 µl/ml and 0.4-6.2 µl/ml, respectively. Conclusion: The essential oils blend presented high antimicrobial activity compared to virgin oils. This activity can be due to the association of active compounds such as carvacrol and pulegone. These findings provide a new source of drugs that may help in therapy to lead to the development of a new treatment based on a combination of these essential oils against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria that continue to pose a threat to public health.

scholarly journals In VitroPhytochemical, Antibacterial, and Antifungal Activities of Leaf, Stem, and Root Extracts ofAdiantum capillus veneris

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Saqib Ishaq ◽  
Muhammad Medrar Hussain ◽  
Muhammad Siddique Afridi ◽  
Ghadir Ali ◽  
Mahrukh Khattak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Antifungal Activities ◽  
Fungal Strains ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal Activities ◽  
Adiantum Capillus Veneris ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal

Adiantum capillus venerisis a medicinally essential plant used for the treatment of diverse infectious diseases. The study of phytochemical and antimicrobial activities of the plant extracts against multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria and medically important fungi is of immense significance. Extracts from the leaves, stems, and roots ofAdiantum capillus veneriswere extracted with water, methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate, and hexane and screened for their antimicrobial activity against ten MDR bacterial strains and five fungal strains isolated from clinical and water samples. Ash, moisture, and extractive values were determined according to standard protocols. FTIR (Fourier transform infrared Spectroscopy) studies were performed on different phytochemicals isolated from the extracts ofAdiantum capillus Veneris. Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, cardiac glycosides, terpenoids, steroids, and reducing sugars. Water, methanol, and ethanol extracts of leaves, stems, and roots showed significant antibacterial and antifungal activities against most of the MDR bacterial and fungal strains. This study concluded that extracts ofAdiantum capillus venerishave valuable phytochemicals and significant activities against most of the MDR bacterial strains and medically important fungal strains.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Constituency Profiling and Antimicrobial Activity Screening of Seaweeds Extracts Collected from the Bay of Bengal Sea Coasts

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmudul Hasan ◽  
Md. Abdus Shukur Imran ◽  
Farhana Rumzum Bhuiyan ◽  
Sheikh Rashel Ahmed ◽  
Parsha Shanzana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Enteromorpha Intestinalis ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Hypnea Musciformis ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Seaweed Extracts

AbstractSeaweeds are able to produce a great variety of secondary metabolites that are characterized by a broad spectrum of biological activities. Two seaweeds species, namelyHypnea musciformisandEnteromorpha intestinalis werestudied to evaluate the phytochemical constituency and antimicrobial activities. First of all, crude extracts of both sea weeds were prepared by two different extraction methods (soaking and water bath) using different solvents. Phytochemicals profiling results revealed the presence of bioactive compounds (flavonoids, alkaloids, tannin, saponin and phenols) in both seaweed extracts. Quantification results for ethanolic extracts ofH. musciformis and E. intestinalisestimated 51 mg and 43 mg tannins in per gram of dried samples and flavonoids contents were found 67 mg and 57 mg/g mg QE/g respectively. Total phenolic contents were determined in terms of gallic acid equivalent (GAE).H. musciformisexhibited higher amount of phenolics (59 ± 0.0002 mg GAE/g) thanE. intestinalisextracts (41 ± 0.0002 mg GAE/g). In antimicrobial activity test, ethanol extractsof H. musciformisandE. intestinaliswere found 10 mm of inhibition diameter against all of the bacterial strains. Besides, methanol extracts ofE. intestinaliswere more susceptible toStaphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonaswhich was close to the inhibition diameter (>15 mm) of the mainstream antibiotic; Gentamicin. Moreover,Klebsiella sp. was found more susceptible to ethanol and methanol extracts of Hypnea musciformisas it showed inhibition zone greater than 15 mm. Both Seaweed extracts possessed higher amount of phytochemicals and showed promising antimicrobial activities when compared with the standards.

scholarly journals Phytochemical screening and antibacterial effect of root extract of Boerhaavia diffusa L. (Family Nyctaginaceae)

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 221-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepti Malhotra ◽  
Amir Khan ◽  
Fouzia Ishaq
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Analysis And Evaluation ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
The Family ◽  
Boerhaavia Diffusa

Boerhaavia diffusa belonging to the family of the Nyctaginaceae is mainly a diffused perennial herbaceous creeping weed of India. The present study deals with the investigation of phytochemical analysis and evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of the aqueous and methanolic extract of the roots of Boerhaavia diffusa. The result revealed the presence of alkaloid, glycoside, saponins, flavonoids, polysaccharides, steroid and tannin in both the root extracts. B. diffusa root extract possesses antimicrobial activity as the zone of inhibition was observed for both gram positive as well as gram negative bacterial strains.

scholarly journals Novel Substituted Indazoles towards Potential Antimicrobial Agents

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 508-512
Author(s):  
Jaganmohana Rao Saketi ◽  
S N Murthy Boddapati ◽  
Raghuram M ◽  
Geetha Bhavani Koduru ◽  
Haribabu Bollikolla
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Evaluation Studies ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Fungal Strain ◽  
Bacterial Strains

The in vitroantimicrobial properties of a series of N-methyl-3-aryl indazoles (5a-5j) were screened. In this present work, we describe our efforts towards the development of potent antimicrobial activity of synthesized indazole derivatives. The antimicrobial activities of the prepared compounds were investigated against four bacterial strains: Xanthomonas campestris, Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus megaterium, and a fungal strain Candida albicans. The biological evaluation studies of these indazole derivatives revealed that some of these tested compounds have shown moderate to goodin vitroantimicrobial activities.

Heteroaromatization with 4-Phenyldiazenyl-1-naphthol. Part IV: Synthesis of Some New Heterocyclic Compounds with Potential Biological Activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 931-938
Author(s):  
Hany M. Mohamed ◽  
Ashraf H.F. Abd El-Wahab
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide Solution ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Azo Compounds ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Pharmacological Agents ◽  
Tetrazole Derivatives

Background: Synthetic azo compounds and their derivatives have been studied extensively due to their biological and pharmacological activities. Pyranopyridines, pyranopyrimidines and tetrazoles derivatives have emerged as a promising and attractive scaffold in the development of potent biological and pharmacological agents. Objectives: To design a series of new benzochromeno(pyridine/pyrimidine/tetrazole) derivatives and evaluate their antimicrobial activity against some bacterial strains (Gram-positive and Gram-negative) and some fungal strains. Materials and Methods: The (E)-7-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-(phenyldiazenyl)-10-thioxo-7,9,10,11-tetrahydro-8Hnaptho[ 1,2-b]pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidin-8-one (4) was synthesized by the reaction of 4H-naphtho[1,2-b]pyran-3- carbonitrile (3) with carbon disulfide in alcoholic potassium hydroxide solution. Reaction of 3 with sodium azide in DMF and in presence of ammonium chloride afforded 6-(phenyldiazenyl)-3-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-4Hbenzo[ h]chromen-2-amine (7) while with malononitrile, thiourea or urea gave chromeno[2,3-b]pyridine-9- carbonitrile (8), chromeno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-10-thione (9) and chromeno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-10-one (10), respectively. The assignment structures were established on the basis of spectral data. Results: In this study, the antimicrobial activity of the synthesized compounds 3-12 was examined for their in vitro antimicrobial activity by using agar diffusion method such as Mueller-Hinton agar medium for bacteria and Sabouraud’s agar medium for fungi. Ampicillin and mycostatine were included in the experiments as reference drugs. Conclusion: A series of new benzochromeno(pyridine/pyrimidine/tetrazole) derivatives were synthesized in this work. All compounds were evaluated in antimicrobial activities.

scholarly journals ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF LEMON PEEL (CITRUS LIMON) EXTRACT

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junab Ali ◽  
Biswajit Das ◽  
Trideep Saikia
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Citrus Limon ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents

Objective: To evaluate the antimicrobial activity of methanolic extract from the peel of the fruit of Citrus Limon (Family-Rutaceae) in conjugation with phytochemical analysis.Methods: The methanolic extract from the peel of the fruit of Citrus Limon (Family-Rutaceae) was separated from fruits, shade dried, powdered and extracted using methanol, analysed for phytochemical constituents using standard methods. The antimicrobial activity of the plant extract was examined against 2 bacterial strains among one is Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and other is Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) and 1 fungal strains (Candida albicans) using agar well diffusion method.Results: The present investigation shows the phytochemical analysis, antimicrobial activity of the methanolic extract of the fruits peel Citrus limon. Various phytochemical analyses revealed the presence of alkaloids, saponin, flavonoids, carbohydrates, glycosides and citric acids and tannins. The antimicrobial activity of the methanolic extract of the plant showed significant result against all the of the test organisms.Conclusion: The present study concluded that methanolic extract of the peel of Citrus Limon contains the high presence of phytochemicals. The methanolic extract of the plant was found to possess promising antimicrobial activity when compared with the standards. 

scholarly journals PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY ETHANOLIC EXTRACTS OF DRIED FRUITS OF SOLANUM TORVUM (FAMILY-SOLANACEAE)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Lawrence Kalita ◽  
Biswajit Dash ◽  
Uttam Borah ◽  
Juman Deka ◽  
Suvakanta Dash
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Solanum Torvum ◽  
Dried Fruits ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents

Objective: To study the antimicrobial activity ethanolic extracts of dried fruits of Solanumtorvum (family-solanaceae) along with preliminary phytochemical analysis.Methods: The ethanolic extract of dried fruits of the herb Solanumtorvum (family-solanaceae) were prepared and analyzed for phytochemical constituents using standard methods. The antimicrobial activity of the plant extracts were examined against 2 bacterial strains among one is gram positive and other is gram negative and 2 fungus using agar well diffusion method.Results: The present experiment shows the phytochemical analysis, antimicrobial activity of the ethanolic extract of dried fruits of the plant Solanumtorvum (family-solanaceae). Various phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, saponin, flavonoids, carbohydrates, glycosides, Steroids, proteins and amino acids and tannins. All the extracts of the plant showed antimicrobial activity against most of the test organisms.Conclusion: It can be concluded ethanolic extract of whole aerial parts of the Solanumtorvum (family-solanaceae) contain the high presence of phytochemicals. This extract was found to possess promising antimicrobial activity when compared with the standards.

scholarly journals Probiotic Potential ofLactobacillusStrains with Antimicrobial Activity against Some Human Pathogenic Strains

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parisa Shokryazdan ◽  
Chin Chin Sieo ◽  
Ramasamy Kalavathy ◽  
Juan Boo Liang ◽  
Noorjahan Banu Alitheen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Probiotic Potential ◽  
Good Ability ◽  
Acid And Bile Tolerance ◽  
Infant Feces

The objective of this study was to isolate, identify, and characterize some lactic acid bacterial strains from human milk, infant feces, and fermented grapes and dates, as potential probiotics with antimicrobial activity against some human pathogenic strains. One hundred and forty bacterial strains were isolated and, after initial identification and a preliminary screening for acid and bile tolerance, nine of the best isolates were selected and further identified using 16 S rRNA gene sequences. The nine selected isolates were then characterizedin vitrofor their probiotic characteristics and their antimicrobial activities against some human pathogens. Results showed that all nine isolates belonged to the genusLactobacillus. They were able to tolerate pH 3 for 3 h, 0.3% bile salts for 4 h, and 1.9 mg/mL pancreatic enzymes for 3 h. They exhibited good ability to attach to intestinal epithelial cells and were not resistant to the tested antibiotics. They also showed good antimicrobial activities against the tested pathogenic strains of humans, and most of them exhibited stronger antimicrobial activity than the reference strainL. caseiShirota. Thus, the nineLactobacillusstrains could be considered as potential antimicrobial probiotic strains against human pathogens and should be further studied for their human health benefits.

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