scholarly journals Effects of salinity stress on growth in relation to gas exchanges parameters and water status in amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 19-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Gandonou Christophe ◽  
Prodjinoto Hermann ◽  
Ahissou Zanklan Séraphin ◽  
Dossou Wouyou Agapit ◽  
Lutts Stanley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Amaranthus Cruentus ◽  
Gas Exchanges

scholarly journals Salinity Stress in Potato: Understanding Physiological, Biochemical and Molecular Responses

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 545
Author(s):  
Kumar Nishant Chourasia ◽  
Milan Kumar Lal ◽  
Rahul Kumar Tiwari ◽  
Devanshu Dev ◽  
Hemant Balasaheb Kardile ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Membrane Damage ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Ammonium Compound ◽  
Molecular Responses

Among abiotic stresses, salinity is a major global threat to agriculture, causing severe damage to crop production and productivity. Potato (Solanum tuberosum) is regarded as a future food crop by FAO to ensure food security, which is severely affected by salinity. The growth of the potato plant is inhibited under salt stress due to osmotic stress-induced ion toxicity. Salinity-mediated osmotic stress leads to physiological changes in the plant, including nutrient imbalance, impairment in detoxifying reactive oxygen species (ROS), membrane damage, and reduced photosynthetic activities. Several physiological and biochemical phenomena, such as the maintenance of plant water status, transpiration, respiration, water use efficiency, hormonal balance, leaf area, germination, and antioxidants production are adversely affected. The ROS under salinity stress leads to the increased plasma membrane permeability and extravasations of substances, which causes water imbalance and plasmolysis. However, potato plants cope with salinity mediated oxidative stress conditions by enhancing both enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant activities. The osmoprotectants, such as proline, polyols (sorbitol, mannitol, xylitol, lactitol, and maltitol), and quaternary ammonium compound (glycine betaine) are synthesized to overcome the adverse effect of salinity. The salinity response and tolerance include complex and multifaceted mechanisms that are controlled by multiple proteins and their interactions. This review aims to redraw the attention of researchers to explore the current physiological, biochemical and molecular responses and subsequently develop potential mitigation strategies against salt stress in potatoes.

scholarly journals CELL DAMAGE, WATER STATUS AND GAS EXCHANGES IN CASTOR BEAN AS AFFECTED BY CATIONIC COMPOSITION OF WATER

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 482-492
Author(s):  
GEOVANI SOARES DE LIMA ◽  
HANS RAJ GHEYI ◽  
REGINALDO GOMES NOBRE ◽  
LAURIANE ALMEIDA DOS ANJOS SOARES ◽  
JOÃO BATISTA DOS SANTOS
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Castor Bean ◽  
Water Saturation ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Water Saturation Deficit ◽  
Gas Exchanges ◽  
Saturation Deficit ◽  
Cationic Composition ◽  
Bean Plants

ABSTRACT Castor bean is an oilseed crop which is able to adapt to various edaphoclimatic conditions and has considerable contents of oil in its seeds, with potential for use in the castor oil industry. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate changes in membrane damage, water status and gas exchanges in castor bean plants (cv. ‘BRS Energia’) in response to irrigation water salinity and cationic composition. Randomized blocks were used to test six cationic compositions (S1 - Control; S2 - Na+; S3 - Ca2+; S4 - Na+ + Ca2+; S5 - K+ and S6 - Na+ + Ca2+ + Mg2+), in four replicates. Plants in the control treatment were subjected to irrigation using water of low electrical conductivity (S1 - ECw = 0.6 dS m-1), whereas those in the other treatments were irrigated using 4.5 dS m-1 water prepared with different cations. Higher leaf succulence associated with lower water saturation deficit is an indication of tolerance to salt stress in castor bean plants irrigated with K+-rich water. The presence of Na+ in irrigation water caused the highest water saturation deficit in castor bean leaf blades. The lowest damage in cell membranes was observed in plants irrigated with Ca2+-rich water. The damaging effect of salt stress on castor bean gas exchanges depends on the cationic composition of water and occurred in the following order: Na+>Na++Ca2+>Ca2+> Na++Ca2++Mg2+>K+.

Modifications of water status, growth rate and antioxidant system in two wheat cultivars as affected by salinity stress and salicylic acid

2020 ◽  
Vol 133 (4) ◽  
pp. 549-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naglaa Loutfy ◽  
Yoh Sakuma ◽  
Dharmendra K. Gupta ◽  
Masahiro Inouhe
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Wheat Cultivars

scholarly journals Water status, cell damage and gas exchanges in West Indian cherry (Malpighia emarginata) under salt stress and nitrogen fertilization

2020 ◽  
pp. 319-324
Author(s):  
Geovani Soares de Lima ◽  
Francisco Wesley Alves Pinheiro ◽  
Adaan Sudário Dias ◽  
Hans Raj Gheyi ◽  
Saulo Soares da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Water Status ◽  
West Indian ◽  
Co2 Assimilation ◽  
Assimilation Rate ◽  
Water Saturation Deficit ◽  
Gas Exchanges ◽  
Co2 Assimilation Rate

This study was conducted to evaluate water status, cell damage and gas exchanges of West Indian cherry grown under saline water irrigation and nitrogen (N) fertilization in the post-grafting stage. The experiment was carried out in drainage lysimeters under greenhouse conditions in Regolithic Neosol with sandy loam texture. Treatments consisted of two levels of electrical conductivity of water (ECw) (0.8 and 4.5 dS m-1) and four N doses (70; 85; 100 and 115% of the N recommendation), arranged in randomized blocks, with three replicates. The dose relative to 100% corresponded to 200 g of N per plant per year. Irrigation with 4.5 dS m-1 electrical conductivity water resulted in a reduction in stomatal conductance, transpiration, CO2 assimilation rate and instantaneous carboxylation efficiency but increased cell damage percentage and internal CO2 concentration in West Indian cherry plants. Inhibition of CO2 assimilation rate in West Indian cherry plants is related to non-stomatal effects. Irrigation with 4.5 dS m-1 water and fertilization with 115% of N recommendation intensified leaf water saturation deficit in the West Indian cherry crop. The BRS Jaburu West Indian cherry was sensitive to 4.5 dS m-1 water salinity.

Does water status of Eucalyptus largiflorens (Myrtaceae) affect infection by the mistletoe Amyema miquelii (Loranthaceae)?

2003 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 1239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony C. Miller ◽  
Jennifer R. Watling ◽  
Ian C. Overton ◽  
Russell Sinclair
Keyword(s):  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Suitable Host ◽  
Δ13c Values ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Semi Arid

The impact of soil salinity and host water status on the host / parasite association between Eucalyptus largiflorens (F.Muell.) and Amyema miquelii (Lehm. ex Miq.) Tiegh. was investigated in a semi-arid floodplain environment in southern Australia. Water status of potential hosts (i.e. uninfected E. largiflorens) was assessed at a range of sites with different soil salinities and then compared with mistletoe infection at the same sites. Pre-dawn leaf water potentials (Ψ) of uninfected E. largiflorens declined with increasing salinity, while leaf δ13C values increased. The proportion of infected E. largiflorens at each site decreased significantly with increasing soil salinity. A significant relationship was found between the proportion of infected trees at each site and leaf δ13C values, but not pre-dawn Ψ, of potential hosts. The impact of mistletoes on water status of infected trees was also investigated. Among infected trees, we found no significant relationship between mistletoe volume and either pre-dawn Ψ or leaf δ13C values of hosts. However, there was a significant relationship between host midday leaf Ψ and mistletoe volume, with hosts exhibiting increased stress as mistletoe volume increased. The data suggest that increasing water and / or salinity stress make E. largiflorens a less suitable host for A. miquelii.

scholarly journals Exogenous 2-(3,4-Dichlorophenoxy) triethylamine alleviates salinity stress in maize by enhancing photosynthetic capacity, improving water status and maintaining K+/Na+ homeostasis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijie Li ◽  
Wanrong Gu ◽  
Liguo Zhang ◽  
Congfeng Li ◽  
Xichang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Photosynthetic Capacity ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Ion Uptake ◽  
Maize Seedlings ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Psii Photochemistry ◽  
Uptake And Transport

Abstract Background: Soil salinity restricts plant growth and productivity. 2-(3,4-dichlorophenoxy) triethylamine (DCPTA) can alleviate salinity stress in plants. However, the mechanism of DCPTA-mediated salinity tolerance has not been fully clarified. We aimed to investigate its role in enhancing photosynthetic capacity, improving water status, maintaining K+/Na+ homeostasis and alleviating salinity stress in maize (Zea mays L.).Results: In present study, maize seedlings were grown in nutrient solutions with a combination of NaCl (0, 150 mM) and DCPTA (0, 20, 100, and 400 μM). And photosynthesis, water status, ion homeostasis and the expression of genes involved in ion uptake and transport were evaluated in the maize seedlings. The results demonstrated that DCPTA alleviated the growth inhibition of maize seedlings exposed to salinity stress by increasing the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and the quantum efficiency of photosystem II (PSII) photochemistry. DCPTA improved the root hydraulic conductivity, which help maintained the water status. A relatively high K+ concentration but a relatively low Na+ concentration and the Na+/K+ ratio were observed in the presence of DCPTA under salinity stress. Additionally, DCPTA altered the expression of four genes (ZmSOS1, ZmHKT1, ZmNHX1 and ZmSKOR) that encode membrane transport proteins responsible for K+/Na+ homeostasis.Conclusions: DCPTA improved the salinity tolerance of maize may be associated with enhanced photosynthetic capacity, maintenance of water status and altered expression of genes involved in ion uptake and transport.

scholarly journals Exogenous 2-(3,4-Dichlorophenoxy) triethylamine alleviates salinity stress in maize by enhancing photosynthetic capacity, improving water status and maintaining K+/Na+ homeostasis

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijie Li ◽  
Wanrong Gu ◽  
Liguo Zhang ◽  
Congfeng Li ◽  
Xichang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Photosynthetic Capacity ◽  
Water Status

The water status of the roots of soil-grown maize in relation to the maturity of their xylem

1991 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
X.-L. Wang ◽  
M. J. Canny ◽  
M. E. McCully
Keyword(s):  
Water Status

Doing Everything You Can, but Not (yet) Getting it Right: Challenges to Brussels' Great Expectations for Water Quality1

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franca Angela Buelow
Keyword(s):  
Water Status ◽  
Organizational Structures ◽  
Eu Water Framework Directive ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Great Expectations ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
European Water ◽  
Improve Water Quality ◽  
Governance Architecture

To arrive at a good status of all European water bodies is the main objective of the European Union (EU) Water Framework Directive (WFD). Since its adoption in 2000, the policy has fundamentally changed the institutional, procedural and organizational structures of Member States' water management, leading to an Europeanization of national legislation and decision-making structures. The case of WFD implementation in Schleswig-Holstein is an example of the policy's highly innovative governance architecture that unfortunately is not (yet) able to take that one last hurdle: to improve water quality and establish a good water status across EU Member States by 2015 or 2027.

Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles mitigates the adverse effects of salinity stress on Grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) Germination and Seedling development

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Saeid Hojjat ◽  
Jafar Nabati ◽  
Seyedeh Mahbobeh Mirmiran ◽  
Hamidreza Hojjat
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Seedling Development ◽  
Lathyrus Sativus ◽  
Grass Pea ◽  
Lathyrus Sativus L
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