scholarly journals Agriculture in the function of rural development: Case study from Republic of Serbia and Republic of Srpska

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 463-476
Author(s):  
Mirjana Delić-Jović ◽  
Tamara Gajić ◽  
Biljana Rađenović-Kozić
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Spss Software

Rural areas in Republic of Serbia and Republic of Srpska, but also in the surrounding countries, are rich in natural resources suitable for agricultural and rural development. The authors of the paper performed a comparative analysis of agricultural development and the possibility of influencing rural development in Serbia and Republic of Srpska. In addition to the available secondary documentation, they used data from FAOSTAT (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations). The authors conducted a survey in the rural areas of the two countries during 2019, on a total sample of 215 respondents, farm owners. The obtained data were analyzed in the SPSS software, version 23.00. The descriptive statistical analysis gave an insight into the shortcomings of agricultural development, while the paired samples t-test confirmed the hypothesis of the existence of a statistically significant difference in certain categories.

Government Policies and Rural Entrepreneurship- Case Study of an Horticulture Entrepreneur

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinod N. Sambrani
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Process Development ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Rural Entrepreneurship ◽  
Development Institutions ◽  
Startup Time ◽  
Nursery Management ◽  
The Government

India is a country which is in forefront of being called a developed nation. To be a developed nation, India has to first look at its rural development, because 70 percent of the population live in rural areas, which means more than 700 million people are spread across 6,27,000 villages. Rural development is more than ever before linked to entrepreneurship. Establishments and agencies promoting rural development now look at entrepreneurship as a strategic development medium that could speed up the rural development process. Development institutions believe that rural entrepreneurship offers a huge potential for employment. In this paper a case study of a young entrepreneur who has taken up horticulture (vegetable plants nursery) as his full time profession, with a mission to help the neighbouring farmers is studied, the purpose of this paper is to understand the government role (policies and schemes), the difficulties faced by the entrepreneur during the startup time and knowledge transfer from the horticulture department, nursery management. The methodology followed is in-depth interaction with the entrepreneur. The outcome of paper will be to understand how rural entrepreneurship is helping improve the quality of life for families, communities and individuals leading to sustainable economy and environment.

scholarly journals Change in the Level of Agricultural Development in the Context of Public Institutions’ Activities—A Case Study of the NASC Activities in Poland

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Marek Ogryzek ◽  
Krzysztof Rząsa ◽  
Ryszard Źróbek
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Economic ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Multidimensional Analysis ◽  
Space Management ◽  
Rural Space ◽  
Administrative Division ◽  
Taxonomic Approach

Agricultural development is determined by various factors, such as environmental, economic, demographic, or social circumstances. In order to present the level of this development as com-prehensively as possible, a multidimensional analysis should be carried out with an appropriate methodology. In this article, a taxonomic approach known as the Hellwig’s method was used to determine the level of agricultural development. The area of research was the territory of Poland, divided into voivodships, which are the main units of the administrative division of the country. The development of agriculture thus determined was correlated with activities pursued by the National Agricultural Support Centre (NASC), an institution responsible for the management of agricultural real estate owned by the State Treasury in Poland. The results showed that the NASC’s activities are related to the level of agricultural development in every voivodship. The investigated model of rural space management was shown to be a rational one, performing well in today’s market conditions. The proposed methodology could adapt to similar situations and can be used in similar research on rural areas.

scholarly journals Sustainability-Oriented Innovations in Food Waste Management Technology

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 210
Author(s):  
Carlos Martin-Rios ◽  
Anastasia Hofmann ◽  
Naomi Mackenzie
Keyword(s):  
Food Waste ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Third Party ◽  
World Population ◽  
Scarce Resources ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization

Food is essential to our survival, yet the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) estimates that about 820 million people were undernourished in 2018. In this context, food waste generation is a particularly salient issue. Wasting food means missing opportunities to feed the growing world population and consuming scarce resources, such as land, water and energy used in the production, processing, distribution and consumption of food. Firms in HORECA (hospitality, restaurant and catering) represent a considerable share of total food waste and, more importantly, are characterized by an overall low sense of awareness about the sustainability-oriented innovation opportunities and challenges of minimizing food waste. This article draws on an in-depth case study to explore the use of technological advancements in downstream value chain. This case study draws on a tech startup providing services for HORECA companies to address a new way for companies to solve the food waste challenge. Adopting technological innovations to quantify and minimize wastage via collaborations with third-party companies can be a strategic and cost-effective way to supplement a company’s open innovation activities.

Community-based aquaculture in northern uplands of Vietnam - emphasis on women's involvement.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Kibria
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
United Nations Development Program ◽  
Project Staff ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization

Abstract The project titled "Aquaculture Development in Northern Uplands" (VIE/98/009/01/NEX) aimed during 1999-2002 at alleviating poverty in three provinces by diversifying rural development through the promotion of sustainable aquaculture activities, building capacity of the local population and project staff to address household food security issues, and reducing malnutrition of disadvantaged ethnic minorities (Dao, Hmong, Kinh, Tay but mostly Black Thai). The project stressed strengthening an extension network and improvement of seed production and its delivery system among the target groups in remote areas. Moreover, it gave high priority to gender education and women's involvement in all activities. The project was implemented by the United Nations Development Program (UNDP), provincial Departments of Agriculture and Rural Development in Hoa Binh, Lai Chau and Son La, and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO) in cooperation with the Vietnam Ministry of Fisheries (MOFI). It was found through a field study among project beneficiaries that women play a vital role in aquaculture activities, although they are not involved in any activity without the support of men.

Out-migration in Uttarakhand Himalaya: its types, reasons, and consequences

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-295
Author(s):  
Vishwambhar Prasad Sati
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
The State ◽  
Interim Report ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
The Status ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Uttarakhand Himalaya

This study examines the types, reasons, and consequences of out-migration in the Uttarakhand Himalaya. Data were collected from secondary sources, mainly from an interim report on the status of migration in revenue villages of Uttarakhand, published by the ‘Rural Development and Migration Commission, Pauri Garhwal, Uttarakhand’ in 2018. The district-wise analysis was carried out on the types of migration, reasons for migration, age-wise migration, the destination of migrants, and migration’s consequences in terms of depopulation in rural areas. Further, a case study of a village was carried out. The study reveals that in three districts – Pauri, Tehri, and Almora, more than 10% population out-migrated after 2011. Similarly, an exodus migration took place from more than 10% of villages of the same districts. This study further shows that migration is mainly internal – from the mountainous districts to urban centers, within the districts or within the state. About 734 villages are depopulated, and in 367 villages, the population has decreased by more than 50%. Unemployment is the major problem in rural areas as more than 50% of out-migration occurred for employment. 

Food security from a water perspective

2021 ◽  
pp. 235-258
Author(s):  
Shima Kheirinejad ◽  
Omid Bozorg-Haddad ◽  
Vijay P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Member States ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Adequate Food ◽  
Food And Nutritional Security

Abstract Access to enough food to eliminate hunger is a fundamental right of society. Lack of food is an obstacle to social, political, economic, and cultural development of society. Investment in agriculture, support of education, and health development in the community can lead to food security. Water is fundamental to agriculture and hence to food and nutritional security. Water is also vital for plants and livestock. Agriculture has the largest share of water consumption, accounting for about 70% of all freshwater earmarked for human use, and good quality water is needed for production of a wide variety of non-food products, such as cotton, rubber, and industrial oils. In 1948, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights affirmed everyone's right to adequate food. However, accessing adequate food in rural areas in many developing countries depends on access to natural resources, including water. On 28 July 2010, the UN General Assembly declared access to clean drinking water and sanitation as a human right. Significant changes in policy and management across the entire agricultural production chain are necessary to ensure the best use of available water resources to meet the growing need for food and other agricultural products. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) works with countries around the world to improve food security. It has been assisting member states in cooperation with public and private financial institutions since 1964, and has implemented numerous programs to invest in agriculture and rural development. In recent years, emergency aid to meet the urgent needs of people in Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO) member states has been provided through these programs in times of crises, such as earthquakes, floods, droughts, and avian influenza.

scholarly journals The Malawi 2002 food crisis: the rural development challenge

2004 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Dorward ◽  
Jonathan Kydd
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Food Crisis ◽  
Wealth Creation ◽  
Coordination Failure ◽  
Critical Elements ◽  
Opportunistic Behaviour ◽  
Market Liberalisation

The recent food crisis in Malawi has drawn stark attention to the failures of development policies over the last forty years to create wealth and develop a robust economy or the markets on which such an economy must depend. Current market liberalisation policies have achieved at best mixed success in addressing the generic problems inhibiting smallholder agricultural development: low returns to farmers' and service providers' investments, with high risks from natural shocks, price variations, coordination failure and opportunistic behaviour. Post-independence institutional mechanisms in Malawi were more successful in addressing some of these problems, in particular those of coordination risk, although external and internal difficulties led to increasing costs and declining effectiveness of these mechanisms, and to their collapse. They do provide, however, important lessons about the different failures of both market intervention and market liberalisation policies. We suggest and discuss a set of critical elements needed for economic development and wealth creation in poor rural areas, and propose four basic principles to guide the search for, and design and implementation of, effective rural development strategies and policies.

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