scholarly journals Suitability of aggregates gradation for base and subbase layers of pavement

Tehnika ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-301
Author(s):  
Marijana Nikolić-Ivanović ◽  
Olivera Đokić ◽  
Vladimir Milićević ◽  
Suzana Stefanović ◽  
Bratislav Milić
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Granulometric Composition ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
The Other ◽  
Crushed Stone ◽  
Quality Requirements ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Field Control ◽  
Technical Specifications ◽  
The Republic

The assessment of the suitability of the granulometric composition of the crushed stone aggregates (CSA) for an unbound base and subbase layers of pavement, in the Republic of Serbia is done based on the defined gradation bands, uniformity degree (Cu), coefficient of curvature (Cz), percentage of fines and percentage of particles passing a 0.02 mm sieve. On the other hand, standards which define the quality requirements of aggregates and unbound mixtures for road construction SRPS EN 13242 and SRPS EN 13285 introduce a significantly different approach to the assessment of the granulometric composition suitability. Categories are defined. Each category includes a particular boundary band, tolerances on sieves, differences in values passing each sieve. The categories are defined depending on the field of the application. For seven CSA 0/31.5 mm used for the construction of Corridor XI, a comparative analysis of the granulometric composition suitability was performed according to the requirements of the existing Technical Specifications (TS) of PE "Roads of Serbia" (PERS) and the specified SRPS EN standards. The analysed curves satisfy those technical requirements, but vary in categories from the most severe mixtures of the normal granulometric composition of the GA category, to the open mixtures of the GP category. It was concluded that the principle based on the defining allowed tolerances on the sieves and between the sieves, is more suitable for field control of of the granulometric composition and the good granularity of the aggregates. Technical Specifications should be modified to this approach.

Manufacture of road stone and respective quality requirements in the pre-revolutionary Russia

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
E. E. Kameneva ◽  
◽  
E. V. Kamenev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Crushed Stone ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Quality Requirements ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Temperature Loads

The paper studies the establishment and development history for road stone quality requirements and covers its manufacture in the pre-revolutionary Russia. It is shown that industrial-scale production of road stone was first initiated in Russia as late as at the end of the 19 century. Due to the development of road construction technologies, it became requisite to assess the quality of rocks used to produce crushed stone. The first speculative conclusions on the effect of moisture, mechanical and temperature loads on the quality of crushed stone were made in the middle of the 19 century; however, at the time, there was no uniformity in how to establish the material quality. Crushed stone quality indicators (strength, abrasion, grain shape, and some others) were formulated at the beginning of the 20 century, when mechanized crushed stone manufacturing methods were being first introduced in Russia. In the same period, methods were developed for establishing certain crushed stone quality indicators in laboratory conditions. The underlying principles for these methods, in fact, correspond to the current methods of testing physical and mechanical properties of rocks. The difference lies in the equipment design, experimental conditions, and quantitative assessments of the indicators studied. In general, the late 19 – early 20 centuries may be referred to as the period when the scientific approach was first applied to crushed stone quality studies in Russia and the foundations for its standardization were laid.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Casework by the Supreme Court of the Republic of Latvia and the Supreme Court of the Republic of Finland

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 74-85
Author(s):  
Vladimir Jilkine
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Supreme Court ◽  
Case Law ◽  
The Other ◽  
European Convention ◽  
European Court ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
The Republic ◽  
National Constitution ◽  
Legal Meaning

The article deals with the legal meaning of the European Convention and decisions of the European Court of Human Rights for the national law proceedings in Latvia and Finland. Case-law of the Republic of Latvia Supreme Court and Supreme Court of Republic of Finland shows that the European Convention refers to important legal instruments, which must be taken into account when deciding on the case. When considering claims for cancellation of in force decisions on the basis of the ECHR Resolution on the recognition of a violation by Finland of Articles of the Convention, the Court refers to numerous decisions of the European Court of affecting the interests of Finland and the other member countries of the Convention, details examining and comparing the circumstances of each case. At the same time the final basis for a decision is based on the national Constitution of the Republic of Finland and Procedure. Rakstā tiek analizēta Eiropas Konvencijas juridiskā nozīme un Eiropas Cilvēktiesību tiesas lēmumi kontekstā ar nacionālajām tiesībām Latvijā un Somijā. Latvijas Augstākās tiesas un Somijas Republikas Augstākās tiesas judikatūra liecina, ka Eiropas Konvencija uzskatāma par svarīgu juridisku instrumentu, kas jāņem vērā, izskatot lietu. Kad tiek izskatītas sūdzības par spēkā esoša nolēmuma atcelšanu, pamatojoties uz ECT rezolūciju par pārkāpuma atzīšanu Somijā, tiesa atsaucas uz daudziem ECT lēmumiem par konvencijas pārkāpumiem Somijā un citās valstīs, detalizēti izskatot un salīdzinot apstākļus katrā lietā. Vienlaikus galīgais lēmums ir balstīts uz Somijas Republikas Konstitūciju un procedūru.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE ACCEPTANCE PROCESS FOR THE REPAIR OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE CENTRAL PLANNING AND MARKET ECONOMIES AS PART OF A TECHNICAL SERVICE

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 91-98
Author(s):  
Наталья НОВИЧКОВА ◽  
Natalia NOVICHKOVA ◽  
Владимир НОВИЧКОВ ◽  
Vladimir NOVICHKOV
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Technical Service ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Institutional Conditions ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Technical Specifications ◽  
Delivery Vehicles ◽  
Methodological Problems ◽  
Regional Associations

This article discusses issues related to the scientific and methodological problems of the acceptance of the machines for repair and their solutions. The production process of machinery repair is a set of human actions and manufacturing instruments, performing in a certain sequence and providing recovery, serviceability and full (or near full) resource products. It consists of a series of technological processes. External cleaning, washing and inspection repair is among the most important technological reconditioning processes. During the period of Russia's regional associations and specialized departments "Agricultural machinery" all tractors, automobiles, appliances and machines when accepting in the overhaul or issuing from it had to met the "technical specifications for delivery in overhaul and the issuance from the overhaul of tractors and self-propelled chassis, engines, their units and assemblies" (TU 70-260-71). The machine must be complete. At present, the institutional conditions of delivery vehicles and other mechanisms for repair in the technical service has changed substantially. However, technical requirements cannot and should not be significant changed, since the conditions of vehicles operating mechanism and require the highest quality as the machine as a whole and its parts. The article considers the basic requirements and ways to optimize the process of acceptance in the repair of vehicles through the example of special-purpose vehicles as part of their technical service.

scholarly journals Image of a snake in Karelian folk medicine

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
Tatyana V. Pashkova
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The One

Introduction. The article considers the use of animal products in Karelian folk medicine in the XIX – early XX centuries. Special attention is paid to the functions of a snake in the medical practice of Karelians in comparison with Veps, Finns and Russians. The author refers to a comprehensive analysis of the functioning of snakes in the ethnomedicine of the Karelians, which includes conservation magic, and the methods of treating diseases. The relevance of the study is defined by the need to study the functioning of representatives of the fauna world in various rites of life cycle, folk medicine of one of the indigenous small peoples of the Republic of Karelia – Karelians. Previously such studies have not been carried out on Karelian material, which determines its novelty. Materials and Methods. The material for the study was animal products (on the example of snakes) used in Karelian folk medicine, examined using comparative historical and comparative methods. Results and Discussion. The author focuses on the use of means of animal origin in folk medicine of the Karelians, the functioning of the snake in medical rites, mythological ideas about snakes. For comparative analysis, information is attracted on the use of snakes as a means of animal origin in the ethnomedicine of Veps, Finns and Russians, the peoples that the Karelians have a close connection with and mutual influence both in cultural and linguistic aspects. Conclusion. Animal products took a significant place in Karelian folk medicine. In the study, this was first traced on the example of a snake, which functions are contradictory. On the one hand, parts of the snake were used by healers as amulets, and “assistants” in magical rituals, on the other hand, it was seen as the embodiment of evil and the cause of disease. A comparative study showed that snakes took an important part as a means of animal origin not only in folk medicine of Karelians, but also of Veps, Finns, as well as Russians.

scholarly journals SAFE THRESHOLDS FOR THE PARAMETERS OF CRYPTOGRAPHIC ALGORITHMS AND STANDARD ST RK 1073-2007

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (333) ◽  
pp. 76-85
Author(s):  
A.E. Abdrakhmanov ◽  
◽  
G.T. Turdiyeva ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
State Standard ◽  
The State ◽  
Certification Tests ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Cryptographic Algorithms ◽  
The Republic ◽  
General Technical

This article considers the problems of finding modern secure thresholds for the parameters of cryptographic algorithms. We conducted a comparative analysis of the obtained secure thresholds against the thresholds of the state standard of the Republic of Kazakhstan ST RK 1073-2007 "Means of cryptographic protection of information. General technical requirements." Based on the results of the analysis and taking into account the experience of certification tests, we worked out specific proposals for amendments and additions to this Standard.

scholarly journals O CONTRATO SOCIAL BRASILEIRO VERSUS AS TEORIAS NEOCONTRATUALISTAS MODERNAS

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Juliano Gil Alves PEREIRA ◽  
Paulo Ricardo SANTANA ◽  
Pedro César Sousa OLIVEIRA
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Social Theory ◽  
Social Contract ◽  
John Rawls ◽  
Marxist Theory ◽  
The Other ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Egalitarian Theory

O presente trabalho busca analisar comparativamente os principais aspectos da Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil, de 1988, com as teorias neocontratualistas igualitária, libertária e marxista analítica objetivando averiguar se a Carta Magna, compreendida como pacto social brasileiro, se aproxima ou contempla alguma das teorias sociais modernas. Sendo uma pesquisa descritivo-explicativa, com abordagem qualitativa e de vertente jurídico-dogmática, adotou-se o método de análise comparativo. Utiliza-se a teoria igualitária de John Rawls, expondo os conceitos de liberalismo igualitário e Constituição Justa; a teoria libertária nozickiana, compreendendo as dimensões do Estado Mínimo; e a teoria marxista analítica, com os conceitos empíricos-marxistas e a justiça proletária. Os resultados aparecem de maneira discrepante sendo a teoria igualitária a que mais se aproxima, comparativamente, da Constituição da República, ao passo que as demais diferem de questões essenciais do documento jurídico-político brasileiro. Conclui-se que a Constituição Federal possui caráter eclético e, contemplando diversas disposições das teorias modernas neocontratualistas, aproxima-se mais da teoria igualitária.   BRAZILIAN ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION VERSUS MODERN NEOCONTRACTUALISM THEORIES   ABSTRACT The present paper seeks to comparatively review the main aspects of the Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil, from 1988 to egalitarian neo-contractualism, libertarian and analytical Marxism theories, it aims at determining if the Magna Carta, construed as a Brazilian social contract, approaches or deliberates any modern social theory. It is descriptive-explanatory research, with qualitative, and legal-dogmatic approaches, the comparative analysis method was adopted. The paper draws on John Rawls's egalitarian theory, describing the concepts of egalitarian liberalism and Just Constitution; Nozick libertarian justice theory including the dimensions of Minima State; and analytical Marxist theory, within empirical Marxist concepts, and proletarian justice. The results were disparate, being the egalitarian theory the closest one when comparing it to the Constitution of the Republic, whereas the other theories differ from the key issues of Brazilian legal political document.  It was concluded that the Federative Constitution has eclectic purposes, covering several neocontractualist modern theories clauses, mostly approaching the egalitarian theory.   keywords: Egalitarianism. Libertarianism. Analytical Marxism. Equity.

Siklus Akuntansi, Transparansi, Dan Akuntabilitas Atas Penggunaan Dan Pertanggungjawaban Keuangan Dana BOS Di SDIT X Di Depok, Jawa Barat

Liquidity ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-64
Author(s):  
Yumniati Agustina
Keyword(s):  
Compulsory Education ◽  
Management Team ◽  
The Other ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Final Report ◽  
Fund Management ◽  
Government Program ◽  
Financial Accountability ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Transparency And Accountability

Investigation in various regions in Indonesia found indications of the alleged fraud that result from unccountable use and management of BOS funds. Among the findings, including payments that do not fit the technical guidelines, no accountability report, and the use of funds with unaccountable receipt. In the Regulation of the Minister of Education and Culture of the Republic of No. 161/2014, stated that: BOS is a government program that is basically forfunding the nonpersonnel operating costs of the primary education as the implementer of compulsory education program. The purpose of this study were (1) to analyze the accounting cycle and financial accountability for the use of BOS funds in the 2015, (2) to analyze the compliance of the accounting cycle and financial accountability of the BOS funds, (3) to analyze the transparency and accountability of BOS fund’s reports. The observed elementary school is SDIT X in Depok, West Java. Result shows that they do not fully compliance to the appropriate regulatory technical guidelines. On the other hand, the transparency and accountability issues show that: (1) BOS Management Team, Teachers Council and School’s Committee’s involvement in the BOS fund management, and (2) evaluation and comparison of the final report of prior periods, so that transparency and accountability of the use and management of BOS funds can be improved.

The right to life: A comparative analysis of the relevant norms of the Constitutions of the Republic of Azerbaijan and Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-32
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Death Penalty ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Right To Life ◽  
Human Right ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Right ◽  
Criminal Legislation

The relevance of the work is determined by the fact that the right to life belongs to the basic constitutional human rights, therefore, its observance and protection is the duty of the state. Despite its undeniable importance, today the right to life anywhere in the world is not really ensured in sufficient quantities. The constitutional consolidation of the right to life raises a number of issues related to the concept, nature, legislative and practical implementation of this right. It should be noted that various aspects of the human right to life were considered in the scientific works of G.B. Romanovsky, O.G. Selikhova, T.M. Fomichenko, A.B. Borisova, V.A. Ershov and other Russian authors. The aim of the study is to study and comparative analysis of the legal content of the constitutional norm that defines the right to life, to comprehend and identify possible problems of the implementation of this right. To achieve this goal, this article discusses relevant issues of ensuring the right to life, proclaimed by Article 20 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation and Article 27 of the Constitution of Azerbaijan Republic. The results of a comparative analysis of these constitutional norms and the relevant norms of industry law allow us to determine, that there is no contradiction between Article 20 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation and the norms of the criminal legislation of the Russian Federation, which imply the death penalty as an exceptional measure of punishment, because a moratorium has been imposed on the death penalty in the Russian Federation since April 16, 1997. However, after the abolition of the death penalty in the criminal legislation of the Republic of Azerbaijan in 1998, there was a discrepancy between parts II and III of Article 27 of the Constitution of the Republic of Azerbaijan and the criminal legislation of Azerbaijan Republic that requires the introduction of the necessary changes in the content of the analyzed constitutional norm. The value of the work is determined by the fact that the introduction of appropriate changes will contribute to the further improvement of the Constitution of the Republic of Azerbaijan and the effective implementation of the right to life of everyone.

Unemployment as an indicator of economic security in the employment sector: A regional dimension

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 715-729
Author(s):  
T.N. Savina
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
National Development ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Employment Policy ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Band Theory ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

Subject. To achieve a high level of economic security is a key priority of national development. Employment reveals one of the most important aspects of social development of the individual that is associated with his or her needs satisfaction in the sphere of employment and is boon to economic security. Objectives. The purpose of the study is to show the impact of unemployment on economic security in employment. Methods. I apply such scientific methods as dialectical, historical and logical unity, structural and functional analysis, traditional techniques of economic analysis and synthesis. The methods of multivariate statistical and comparative analysis serve as a methodological basis of the study. To determine the indicator of unemployment, I use the band theory. Results. I underpin the growing role of employment in ensuring economic security. The paper presents a comprehensive assessment of the unemployment status and a comparative analysis of the indicator in the Republic of Mordovia, the Volga Federal District, and the Russian Federation as a whole. I identify trends in the average duration of unemployment, show the distribution of unemployed by level of education and age groups. Conclusions. The average annual unemployment rate in the Republic of Mordovia is lower than in Russia and the Volga Federal District. The findings may be useful for public authorities to substantiate their employment policy at both macro- and meso-levels, for designing programs and strategies for socio-economic development of regions and the social security doctrine, as well as in practical activities of employment services.

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