Growth tendencies of the “generation of independence”: the relation between socioeconomic factors and growth indices

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrej Suchomlinov ◽  
Janina Tutkuvienė
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
World Health ◽  
Physical Status ◽  
Growth Indices ◽  
Main Growth ◽  
Obesity In Children

Background. The aim of the study was to evaluate the physical status of children born in 1990 in Vilnius City and Region from birth up to the end of puberty, and to investigate the epochal changes and tendencies of their growth. Materials and methods. 1  535 personal health records of children born in 1990 in Vilnius City and Region were analyzed. The main growth indices (height and weight) were recorded from birth up to the age of 18 years. The prevalence of overweight and obesity in children was found using the cut-off points for body mass index recommended by the International Obesity Task Force (Cole et al., 2000). The results of the present study were compared with the results of Lithuanian growth studies, as well as with the growth standards of the World Health Organization (WHO). Results. The prevalence of overweight and obesity in children born in 1990 in Vilnius City and Region was low: 13.60% and 2.40% in the 18-year-old boys and 9.51% and 1.90% in the 18-year-old girls, respectively. The retardation of growth was observed during the first years of independence. The main growth indices have changed in girls more than in boys: both their height (from 166.5 ± 7.0 cm to 167.9 ± 6.2 cm, during the two past decades) and their BMI (from 20.37  ±  2.27  kg/m2 to 21.28 ± 3.33 kg/m2, over the past ten years) increased. Conclusions. Certain retardation in growth of the children born in 1990 was related with the great political, social and economic transition in Lithuania. However, the retardation process was reversible. The main indices of the physical status (height, weight and body mass index) of children did not change much during the two past decades (the acceleration had stabilized). The growth patterns of the “generation of independence” by the end of adolescence showed the tendency towards a higher body weight, though the prevalence of overweight and obesity remained low.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Underweight, Overweight and Obesity in School-Aged Children in the Urban Area of the Northwestern Part of Romania

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5176
Author(s):  
Tudor Lucian Pop ◽  
Dana Maniu ◽  
Daniela Rajka ◽  
Cecilia Lazea ◽  
Gabriel Cismaru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Severe Obesity ◽  
Task Force ◽  
National Level ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Excess Weight ◽  
World Health ◽  
Northwestern Part ◽  
Obesity In Children

Introduction: During the last three decades, there has been an excess weight epidemic due to changes in nutrition and lifestyle. Few data on the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children in Romania were published, without a single study representative at the national level. There are reports on the higher level of overweight and obesity in urban areas compared to rural ones. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of underweight, overweight, obesity and severe obesity in children enrolled in schools from the urban area. Material and methods: For this cross-sectional study, children from 177 schools from the urban area of five counties from the northwestern part of Romania were included after the parents signed written informed consent. Anthropometric data were recorded (weight, height) based on World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations and Body-Mass-Index (BMI), and the z-score for BMI were calculated. The nutritional status was estimated using three reference criteria: WHO, International Obesity Task Force (IOTC) and the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Results: We analyzed data of 21,650 children (48.19% boys) age between 7 and 18 years. The prevalence of overweight was 13.8%, 16.2% and 20.3%, of obesity was 10.7%, 10.0% and 5.7% and of severe obesity was 5.1%, 1.2% and 1.6% (using WHO, CDC and IOTF cut-offs). Underweight was present in 5.2% (WHO), 6% (CDC) and 2.6% (IOTF). The highest prevalence of overweight (including obesity) was found in children aged 10 years, and the lowest in adolescents at 18 years. Boys have a higher prevalence of excess weight than girls. Using IOTF cut-offs, the prevalence of obesity and severe obesity was lower than using WHO criteria. Conclusions: The prevalence of overweight (including obesity) in children from the urban area of Western Romania was recorded at alarming levels, higher in boys and at the pre-puberty ages. There are significant differences based on the reference system used. It is important to correctly choose the reference for the definition of overweight and obesity to have the correct estimation of the target for public health measures.

To Determine the Prevalence of Obesity in Breast Cancer Patients

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity

Background: Breast Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Pakistan alone has the highest rate of Breast Cancer than any other Asian country as approximately 90000 new cases are diagnosed every year out of which 40000 dies. Obesity is also a critical public health problem growing with every passing year in Pakistan and worldwide. Research studies are being conducted worldwide regarding the relation between the two problems. Objective: The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of obesity in breast cancer patients in a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. Methods: BMI is used as a screening tool for overweight and obesity. According to World Health Organization, a body mass index (BMI) over 25 is considered overweight, and over 30 is obese. A retrospective analysis of 262 patients diagnosed with Breast Cancer during 2019 and 2020 was performed. Patients’ hospital records in Oncology were reviewed. The weight in kilograms and height in centimeters of patients were reviewed. Their BMI was calculated and recorded using the SPSS system. Results: The median BMI was 28.25 kg/m2 with an interquartile range of 25.15 - 31.99 kg/m2. Nearly 80% of the study participants had body mass index higher than normal levels (n=203, 77.5%) and out of them approximately half were overweight (n=104, 51.2%) and the remaining were obese (n=99, 48.7%). Conclusion: We conclude from our study that body mass index is positively correlated with breast cancer occurrence and thus the proportion of females having BMI >= 25 was significantly higher among patients.

scholarly journals Obesity in children and adolescents: diagnosis criteria

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-73
Author(s):  
Olga V. Vasyukova
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
World Health ◽  
Diagnostic Parameter ◽  
International Group ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Diagnosis Criteria ◽  
Obesity In Children

Currently in the world the main diagnostic parameter for assessing obesity is the magnitude of body mass index. In children, taking into account the growth and body weight indicators that dynamically change as the child grows up, it is common to use not absolute, but relative values of body mass index percentiles or standard deviations. The lecture examined various systems and methods for assessing the physical development of children in the world and in Russia domestic ones, R.N. Dorokhova and I.I. Bakhraha, World Health Organization (WHO), International Group for the Study of Obesity. A comparative analysis of the existing systems and the validity of the currently adopted Federal recommendations on the diagnosis of obesity in children based on the recommendations of WHO has been carried out.

scholarly journals Comparing three body mass index classification systems to assess overweight and obesity in children and adolescents

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 349-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ines Gonzalez-Casanova ◽  
Olga L. Sarmiento ◽  
Julie A. Gazmararian ◽  
Solveig A. Cunningham ◽  
Reynaldo Martorell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Three Body ◽  
Body Mass Index Classification ◽  
Obesity In Children

Percentile Charts for Body Mass Index of Indian Down Syndrome Children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harvinder Kaur ◽  
Anil Kumar Bhalla ◽  
Inusha Panigrahi
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Growth Charts ◽  
Indian Children ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Specific

AbstractGrowth charts are used to detect growth impairment, overweight, and obesity among Down syndrome (DS) children belonging to different population groups. Due to nonavailability of similar information, age, and gender specific body mass index (BMI) charts for DS children of Indian origin, based on serial data, have been developed. A total of 752 boys and 373 girls diagnosed as cases of DS at <1 month to 10 years of age enrolled from the “genetic clinic” were followed up in the “growth clinic/growth laboratory” of the institute, following a mixed-longitudinal growth research design. BMI was calculated from body weight and length/height measured at 6-month-age intervals by using standardized techniques and instruments. Age and sex-specific percentile growth charts for BMI were generated for age range <1 month to 10 years by using the LMS method. DS children remained wasted (BMI <3rd percentile) up to 6 months of age; thereafter, BMI increased to exhibit close similarity with their normal Multicentre Growth Reference Study (World Health Organization 2006) and Indian Academy of Pediatrics (2015) counterparts up to 5 to 10 years, respectively. The percentage of obese DS girls (8.76%) outnumbered boys with DS (4.1%). The use of age and gender specific BMI growth charts may be made for comparative purpose, to assess nutritional status of Indian children with DS, to initiate suitable need-based intervention to improve their overall health and for timely institution of target interventions to prevent growth faltering in this vulnerable population.

scholarly journals Association Between Body Mass Index and Blood Pressure Among Medical Students of Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in Birgunj

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1535-1539
Author(s):  
Esha Shrestha ◽  
Shreesh Shrestha ◽  
Prashanna Shrestha ◽  
Nirjala Laxmi Madhikarmi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Health Organization

Introduction: Body mass index is an important parameter associated with a variety of disease processes. The risk of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases increases with an increase in body mass index. The study was conducted to compare the relationship between body mass index and blood pressure. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and correlate the Obesity and Hypertension in    medical students  Methodology: The study was conducted in 200 students (113 males and 87 females). Height, weight and blood pressure were recorded from all participants and body mass index was calculated. The recorded body mass index was utilized to divide the student into underweight, normal, over weight and obese category according to the World Health organization body mass index classification. Hypertension was determined from the measure of blood pressure. Then comparison of blood pressure with body mass index was made. Results: Among 200 students 6% were obese, 22% were overweight, 65% were normal and 7% underweight. The mean height was 163cm and mean weight 60.48kg. The mean value of systolic blood pressure (105.85, 115.45, 134.95, 137.16 mmHg) and diastolic blood pressure (70.14, 76.15, 90.72, 93.33 mmHg) increased with increasing body mass index. Conclusion: Overweight and obesity increases the risk of hypertension among students.

scholarly journals Assessment of body mass index and prevalence of obesity among undergraduate medical students: an observational study in a tertiary care teaching hospital of Madhya Pradesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 2706
Author(s):  
Sunil K. Guleri ◽  
Ram K. Panika ◽  
Rakesh K. Mahore
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Madhya Pradesh ◽  
World Health ◽  
Modifiable Factors

Background: Obesity is the major cause of various non-communicable diseases including diabetes mellitus, hypertension. The modifiable factors like stress, sedentary life, consumption of soft drinks and fast foods and lack of physical activity are responsible for it. Objective: to find dietary pattern, physical activity and status of overweight and obesity among medical students.Methods: It was a cross sectional observational study conducted on MBBS undergraduates studying in a g medical college at Sagar district of Madhya Pradesh, India. Out of nearly 500 medical students studying in different semesters, 300 students were participated in the study though the required sample size was 184 only. Structured questionnaire for interview, calibrated portable weight scale for weight measurement and stadiometer for height measurement were used.Results: The students were categorised into underweight, normal and overweight/obese on the basis of their calculated BMI (body mass index) value as per norms of World health organization for south Asian populations. 26.7% medical students were found to be overweight or obese based on BMI cut off value 23.00 kg/m2. There was lack of inclusion of fresh fruits and green vegetables in regular diet in 50% and nearly 95% of medical students respectively. The low level of physical activity was found in more than 85% of the medical students.Conclusions: The involvement of medical students in physical and sports activities is dire need for their good health.

scholarly journals Prevalence of overweight and obesity among school children of Bhaktapur and Kathmandu

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-59
Author(s):  
Pawana Kayastha ◽  
Binit Vaidya ◽  
Dipesh Shakya
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Obesity And Overweight ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity

Background: World Health Organization defines childhood obesity as “one of the most serious public health challenges”. Low income countries like Nepal experience a burden of infectious diseases as well as rising incidence of noncommunicable diseases frequently associated with obesity. There is paucity of information on childhood obesity in Nepal. Objectives: This study aims to determine the prevalence of childhood obesity and overweight in school going children and find its association with blood pressure.Methodology: A school based cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 509 children aged between 10-16 years, studying in grade 5-10 of private schools in Kathmandu and Bhaktapur. Simple random sampling technique was used for data collection. Anthropometric measurements and blood pressure were taken using standard protocol. Obesity was assessed using Body Mass Index criteria.Results: The overall prevalence of obesity and overweight in children were found to be 1.6% and 6.1% respectively. This study also showed that prevalence of obesity in children from Kathmandu is comparatively more, which was statistically significant (p<0.001). A highly significant relationship was observed for diastolic blood pressure and Body Mass Index (p<0.001) between the two groups.Conclusion: This study concludes that obesity though small in percentage, was found in rising trend when compared with previous data. Also, there was strong association with blood pressure, so timely identification and control of obesity is required for prevention of development of other cardiovascular comorbidities.

scholarly journals Change in the Food Pattern and Its Effects on the Nutritional Status of the Indigenous Population Migrant Puruha (P04-045-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Socrates Pozo ◽  
Janet Gordillo ◽  
Gisella Sanclemente ◽  
Lilia Toral ◽  
Walter Gonzalez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Food Pattern ◽  
Male Sex

Abstract Objectives The aim of this study was to determine the effects on the nutritional status of the migrant Puruhá indigenous by changing their food pattern. Methods A cross-sectional descriptive study on the dietary habits and nutritional status. By means of convenience sampling, 230 indigenous persons were selected, 108 male and 122 female, with age over 18 years. The nutritional status was calculated using the body mass index (BMI), according to the classification of the World Health Organization. With a SECA 216 mechanical stadiometer, the height of the participant. The weight was measured on a SECA scale with an accuracy of 0.1 Kg. To determine abdominal obesity, its presence was considered if the waist circumference was greater than 90 cm in men and greater than 80 cm in women, according to the International Diabetes Federation. For the determination of food consumption, the frequency of consumption form was applied by food groups. For the statistical analysis, the data were tabulated and expressed in absolute frequencies, percentages and measures of descriptive statistics of central tendency and dispersion. The Chi square statistic was used, to determine the difference of data, with a level of significance of 5%, it was considered as statistically significant if the p value was <0.05. The results were exposed in tables and graphs using the Microsoft office excel program of Windows 10. Results The average age of the population was 46.85 + 23.99. The average body mass index was 25.56 + 3.10, and the distribution of the nutritional status was: 1% for underweight, 47% overweight, 16% obesity and 36% normal. This distribution according to gender , did not have a significant difference. The first three food groups of the population, consumes per day, and of the which obtain the highest caloric intake, were: sugary drinks and soda (male sex 350 + 7 ml; female sex 322 + 8 ml), bread and cereal ( male sex 285 + 3 g; female sex 220 + 7 g), and fruits and vegetables ( male sex 210 + 6 g; female sex 195 + 5 g).A higher percentage of overweight and obesity was found in indigenous migrants, in relation to non-migrants, a difference that was significant (p:0.003). Conclusions The population has a high frequency of overweight and obesity. In addition, the high incidence of abdominal obesity, found places them at risk for the development of diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular. Funding Sources Not applicable. Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

scholarly journals Influence of different body mass index cut-off values in assessing the nutritional status of adolescents in a household survey

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 1850-1857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio da Silva Gomes ◽  
Luiz Antonio dos Anjos ◽  
Mauricio Teixeira Leite de Vasconcellos
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Female Adolescent ◽  
World Health ◽  
Adolescent Population ◽  
Health Organization

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anthropometric nutritional status of the adolescent population of Niterói, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, and the influence of changes in the adopted body mass index (BMI) cut-offs in the nutritional status assessment of the adolescent population. A population-based survey conducted in 2003 obtained data from a probabilistic sample of 1,734 households and 523 adolescents. The multiple proportions test and prevalence ratios were used to analyze differences between estimates obtained from different BMI cut-offs. Changes in cut-off values from the old to the new recommendation of the World Health Organization (WHO) resulted in a significant increase in overweight prevalence among total, male and female adolescent population (25%, 27% and 23%, respectively) (p < 0.05). There were significant increases in the prevalence of low-BMI-for-age among the total (29% increase) and male (39%) adolescent populations when the proposal of the International Obesity Task Force was compared to current WHO BMI-for-age cut-offs (p < 0.05). It is shown that a simple change in cut-off values used to define the anthropometric nutritional status can significantly modify the nutritional profile of an adolescent population.

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