scholarly journals Management of the elements of technology for growing of sunflower in the Right-Bank Steppe of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hennady Pinkovsky ◽  
Semen Tanchyk
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Soil Nutrition ◽  
Management Of Technology ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
The Right ◽  
Sowing Period ◽  
Soil Moisture Reserves

The article presents the results of scientific research on the management of technology elements and the influence of factors on the productivity of sunflower in the Right-Bank Steppe of Ukraine. The studies were conducted in the fields of the Institute of Agriculture of the Steppe NAAS, which is located in the black earth zone of the Right-Bank Steppe of Ukraine. The level of sunflower productivity is determined by the conditions of water and nutrient conditions of soil. Water regime is formed by the weather conditions, the amount of soil moisture reserves, the amount and intensity of rainfall during the year, incl. during the growing season. The moisture reserves available to plants in the meter layer of soil before sowing, in the flowering phase and before harvesting were different during the years of research, varied in terms of sowing and depended on the density of standing plants. Of particular importance for sunflower plants is the content of available moisture in the 0–100 сm layer of soil after the formation of baskets. During this period, sunflower intensively consumes available moisture from deeper layers of soil. The amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium varied significantly over the years and under the influence of different fertilizer backgrounds. Application of nitrogen fertilizers in combination with phosphorus and potassium, N40P40K40 + PP and N40P40K40, improves soil nutrition and creates more favourable conditions for growing and developing sunflower plants and maintaining soil fertility. Under these conditions, the LG 55.82 hybrid with a plant density of 60 housand/ha formed the highest yield for the first sowing period – 3.85 t/ha. Considering the economic indicators, it is efficient to grow LG 54.85 and LG 55.82 hybrids for the first sowing period. Forward and LG 56.32 sunflower hybrids provide the highest economic performance for the third sowing period. Among the hybrids, it is most economically apropriate to grow LG 55.82 when sowing at soil temperature of 5–6°C and plant density of 60 thousand/ha. The net profit in this variant was 22043 UAH/ha, and the level of profitability was 224.1%. The energy efficiency ratio was the highest in the first sowing period of the LG 55.82 hybrid – 4.44.

scholarly journals Productivity and economic efficiency of growing sunflower depending on the sowing time and plant density in the Right-Bank Steppe of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
pp. 115-123
Author(s):  
H. Pinkovskyi ◽  
S. Tanchyk
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
The Right ◽  
Sowing Period ◽  
Favorable Conditions

The article covers the results of research on the management of elements of technology and the influence of factors on the productivity of sunflower. The field experiment was conducted in the experimental field of IAS NAAS Kirovohrad region. The level of sunflower productivity is determined by the conditions of water and nutrient regimes of soil. According to the results of research it was established that at the time of sowing reserves of available moisture in 0–100 cm of the soil layer were the largest during the first sowing period and amounted to 178.6 mm. Such moisture reserves create favorable conditions for moistening the seed layer of soil to obtain friendly and full seedlings when sowing in the first – second decade of April. The use of moisture by sowing sunflowers can be regulated by sowing dates to some extent. Shifting sowing dates to earlier ones makes it possible to change the conditions of growth and development of sunflower plants, namely, the plants are better provided with moisture, and it is possible to avoid critical temperature periods of plant development. The high reserves of productive moisture for plants in 0–100 cm soil layer, in crops of Forward, LG 56.32, LG 54.85, LG 55.82 hybrids were for plant density of 60 thousand per hectare, at the first sowing period – in the flowering phase they were 127 mm. The content of nutrients the soil changed both over the years and under the influence of different fertilizer backgrounds. Application of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizers in the dose of N40P40K40 and N40P40K40 + by-products of the predecessor allows to increase the content of nutrients available to plants in soil and to increase soil fertility. Due to economic indicators, the optimal time of sunflower sowing for hybrids LG 55.82 and LG 54.85 is warming soil at the depth of seed wrapping up to 5–6 °C, for hybrids Forward and LG 56.32 is warming soil at the depth of seed wrapping up to 9–10 °C, optimal density – 60 thousand/ha. In such conditions, the LG 55.82 hybrid formed the highest yield – 3.85 t/ha, LG 54.85 hybrid – 3.64 t/ha, Forward – 3.09 t/ha, LG 56.32 hybrid – 3.62 t/ha. Key words: sunflower, soil nutrient regime, water regime of soil, yield, profitability, net profit.

scholarly journals DYNAMICS OF FORMATION OF THE SQUARE OF BEETS PLANTS OF BEETS DEPENDING ON VARIETY SPECIAL FEATURES AND TERMS OF SEEDING UNDER CONDITIONS OF THE RIGHT-FOREST STEPPE OF UKRAINE

2019 ◽  
pp. 173-182
Author(s):  
Inna Palamarchuk
Keyword(s):  
Aerial Part ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
The Third ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
The Right ◽  
Sowing Period

The results of studies on the dynamics of the formation of the area of leaves of plants of beetroot canteen depending on varietal characteristics and sowing time in the conditions of the Forest-Steppe of Right-Bank Ukraine are presented. The dependence of the growth and development of beetroot plants on varietal characteristics and sowing dates, as well as on weather conditions that were in the studied time, was revealed. The largest number of leaves in the phase of intensive root formation was formed by plants with a sowing period of I decade of May: 13.3 pcs. / plant – Bordo Kharkivskiy, 13.1 pcs. / plant – Opolskiy. The greatest mass of the root crop in the phase of intensive root formation was planted at a sowing period of the third decade of April: the Bordo Kharkivskiy – 72.4 g, the variety Opolskiy – 43.5 g. The same pattern was observed when taking into account the mass of the aerial part of beetroot. In the Bordo Kharkivskiy variety, it varied from 92.4 g to 87.5 g depending on the sowing time, in the Opolskiy variety from 33.7 g to 31.7 g, that is, the beet plants of the Bordo Kharkivskiy cultivar formed a significantly larger mass of the aerial part in comparison with the Opolskiy variety. Plants were sown with the largest leaf area at a sowing period of the 3rd decade of April: in the Bordo Kharkivskiy – 1.2 – 4.0 thousand m2 / ha, in the Opolskiy variety – 1.0 – 2.3 thousand m2 / ha. According to the results of the crop accounting, it was found that it depended on the variety and sowing period of beetroot. On average, over the years of research, the highest yield was observed with a sowing period of the third decade of April: 63.1 t / ha for the Bordo Kharkivskiy variety, 55.9 t / ha for the Opolskiy variety.

scholarly journals Dynamics of the availability of available moisture in soil by optimization of sowing time and density of statement of sunflower plants in the Right-Bank Steppe of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 68-77
Author(s):  
Hennadii Pinkovskyi ◽  
Semen Tanchyk
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yields ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Flowering Phase ◽  
The Right ◽  
Sowing Period ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
To Receive

Abstract. The article presents the results of scientific researches on the influence of sowing time and density of standing of sunflower plants on the dynamics of the content of available moisture in soil in the conditions of the Right-bank Steppe of Ukraine. One of the decisive factors for the achievement of high and sustainable crop yields in the conditions of unstable moistening of the Right-Bank Steppe of Ukraine is the accumulation and rational use of moisture, which is one of the most important unregulated factors limiting the yield. On average, during the years of research, the most available moisture in the 0-10 cm soil layer was in the first sowing period - when it was heated to a depth of seed 5 - 60C and was 25.0 mm. It was found that the moisture available to plants in the meter layer of soil at the time of sowing remained high and significantly influenced the dynamics of emergence of seedlings. On average, during the years of research, the most available moisture in the 0-100 cm soil layer was during the first sowing period - for warming it to a depth of seed 5 - 60C - 178.6 mm. In such conditions, quite favorable conditions of moistening of the sowing layer of soil are created in order to receive friendly and complete seedlings when sowing in the first - second decade of April. However, at the end of the third decade of April, there is a significant decrease in gross moisture reserves in the sowing and deeper layers of soil, which limits the productivity of crops. Of particular importance for sunflower plants is the content of available moisture in the 0 - 100 cm layer of soil after the formation of baskets. During this period, the sunflower intensively consumes the available moisture from the deeper layers of soil. Analyzing the results of the research, it should be noted that in most cases, a higher seed yield in sunflower hybrids was formed in those variants where the period from the formation of the basket to flowering occurred in June or the first decade of July, regardless of the year of fall medium long-term indicators. It was also found that the moisture available to plants in the meter layer of soil in the flowering phase was different during the years of research and varied in terms of sowing and depended on the density of plants. The highest moisture reserves available to the plants in the soil layer were 0-100 cm, in the crops of Forward hybrids, LG 56.32, LG 54.85, LG 55.82 were at planting densities of 60 thousand hectares, at the first sowing period - in the flowering phase - 127 mm.  The optimal sunflower sowing period for LG 55.82 and LG 54.85 hybrids in the Right Bank steppe is soil warming up to a depth of seed 5-60C, for Forward and LG 56.32 hybrids is warming up to, a depth of seed 9-100C, optimal density - 60 thousand on ha. Under these conditions, the LG 55.82 hybrid produced a yield of 3.85 t / ha, the LG hybrid 54.85 - 3.64 t / ha, the Forward - 3.09 t / ha, the LG hybrid 56.32 - 3.62 t / ha. Taking into account the annual variation of weather conditions of spring sowing, it should be differentiated with regard to water and heat regimes.

scholarly journals GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF WINTER WHEAT IN THE SPRING-SUMMER PERIOD OF VEGETATION DEPENDING ON CONDITIONS OF MINERAL NUTRITION IN THE RIGHT–BANK OF LISOSTEPPE OF UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Н. M. Hospodarenko ◽  
◽  
O. D. Сherno ◽  
Y. S. Ryabovol ◽  
V. V. Liubych ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Leaf Surface Area ◽  
The Right

The article discusses the features of the growth and development of wheat plants in winter, the precursor of which was soy in the spring-summer growing season on black soil opidzolenii by the Right-Bank of Lisosteppe of Ukraine. The dynamics of productive moisture in the soil, the influence of weather conditions on the duration of the passage of the phases of vegetation, as well as their effect on the growth and development of plants was studied. The effect of various doses and timing of the use of nitrogen fertilizers on biometric indicators, leaf surface area, mass of 100 dry plants and productivity of winter wheat variety Lazurnaya was established. Nitrogen fertilizers provide an increase in the mass of 100 dry plants by 8–16 % with the advantage of their one-time introduction to the tillering phase. A correlation between green mass of plants in different periods (tillering, tubing, heading) of vegetation and yield of winter crops has been established. The correlation between the amount of precipitation was weak (R = 0,2), strong during the exit phase into the tube (R = 0,77), and very strong during the heading phase (R = 0,96). The relationship between plant height and yield at different periods of vegetation was revealed: during the tillering phase, the correlation was significant (R = 0,55), the yield and heading were strong (R = 0,88) has been identified. The leaf surface area varied depending on weather conditions and fertilizer doses. It was greatest in the phase of entering the tube with a single application of nitrogen fertilizers with a dose of 60 kg/ha a.s., and the smallest – in the phase of milk maturity, and on average over the years of research varied from 14,7 to 22,1 thousand m2/ha depending on the intensification of fertilizers. It was found that the yield of winter wheat depended on weather conditions and fertilizers. On average, according to experience, it increased by 30–54 % and depended more on doses of fertilizers than on the timing of their use. It was the largest (6,28 t/ha) at a reliable level when P30K30 + N60 + N60 was added. A high level of reliability of the approximation (R2 = 0,96) between yield and intensification of fertilizer was found.

scholarly journals Improvement the technology of sunflower cultivation to increase the yield and oil collection

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.V. Kostenkova ◽  
◽  
A.S. Bushnev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Content ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Arid Zone ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Adaptive Potential ◽  
Research Results ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Sowing Period ◽  
Domestic Breeding

The research results indicate the high adaptive potential of hybrids and varieties of sunflower of domestic breeding in the arid zone of the Crimea. The optimized cultivation technology under contrasting weather conditions, taking into account optimal sowing period and plant density, allows you to obtain yield up to 1.71 t/ha for hybrids; up to 1.92 t/ha for confectionery varieties with an oil content of seeds up to 45.5 %.

Influence of meteorological factors on potato yield in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-steppe

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (94) ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
R.O. Myalkovsky
Keyword(s):  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Potato Yield ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Lower Yield ◽  
The Right

Goal. The purpose of the research was to determine the influence of meteorological factors on potato yield in the conditions of the Right Bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine. Methods.Field, analytical and statistical. Results.It was established that among the mid-range varieties Divo stands out with a yield of 42.3 t/ha, Malin white – 39.8 t/ha, and Legend – 37.1 t/ ha. The most favourable weather and climatic conditions for the production of potato tubers were for the Divo 2011 variety with a yield of 45.9 t/ha and 2013 – 45.1 t/ha. For the Legenda variety 2016, the yield of potato tubers is 40.6 t/ha and 2017 – 43.2 t/ha. Malin White 2013 is 41.4 t/ha and 2017 42.1 t/ha. The average varieties of potatoes showed a slightly lower yield on average over the years of research. However, among the varieties is allocated Nadiyna – 40.3 t/ha, Slovyanka – 37.2 t/ ha and Vera 33.8 t/ha. Among the years, the most high-yielding for the Vera variety was 2016 with a yield of 36.6 t/ha and 2017 year – 37.8 t/ha. Varieties Slovyanka and Nadiyna 2011 and 2012 with yields of 42.6 and 44.3 t/ha and 46.5 and 45.3 t/ha, respectively. Characterizing the yield of potato tubers of medium-late varieties over the years of research, there was a decrease in this indicator compared with medium-early and middle-aged varieties. However, the high yield of the varieties of Dar is allocated – 40.0 t/ha, Alladin – 33.6 t/ha and Oxamit 31.3 t/ha. Among the years, the most favourable ones were: for Oxamit and Alladin – 2011 – 33.5 and 36.5 t/ha, and 2017 – 34.1 and 36.4 t/ha, respectively. Favourable years for harvesting varieties were 2011 and 2012 with yields of 45.7 and 45.8 t/ha. Thus, the highest yield of potato tubers on average over the years of studies of medium-early varieties of 41.2-43.3 t / ha were provided by weather conditions of 2011 and 2017 years, medium-ripe varieties 41.0-41.1 - 2012 and 2011, medium- late 37,6-38,5 t / ha - 2012 and 2011, respectively.

scholarly journals Winter Wheat Straw Decomposition under Different Nitrogen Fertilizers

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Gabriela Mühlbachová ◽  
Pavel Růžek ◽  
Helena Kusá ◽  
Radek Vavera ◽  
Martin Káš
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Pig Slurry ◽  
Straw Decomposition ◽  
Rainy Weather ◽  
N Fertilisers

The climate changes and increased drought frequency still more frequent in recent periods bring challenges to management with wheat straw remaining in the field after harvest and to its decomposition. The field experiment carried out in 2017–2019 in the Czech Republic aimed to evaluate winter wheat straw decomposition under different organic and mineral nitrogen fertilizing (urea, pig slurry and digestate with and without inhibitors of nitrification (IN)). Treatment Straw 1 with fertilizers was incorporated in soil each year the first day of experiment. The Straw 2 was placed on soil surface at the same day as Straw 1 and incorporated together with fertilizers after 3 weeks. The Straw 1 decomposition in N treatments varied between 25.8–40.1% and in controls between 21.5–33.1% in 2017–2019. The Straw 2 decomposition varied between 26.3–51.3% in N treatments and in controls between 22.4–40.6%. Higher straw decomposition in 2019 was related to more rainy weather. The drought observed mainly in 2018 led to the decrease of straw decomposition and to the highest contents of residual mineral nitrogen in soils. The limited efficiency of N fertilisers on straw decomposition under drought showed a necessity of revision of current strategy of N treatments and reduction of N doses adequately according the actual weather conditions.

scholarly journals Проблемы актуализации земледельческих практик в Ямало-Ненецком автономном округе

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Е.В. Абакумов ◽  
Е.Н. Моргун
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Social Environments ◽  
Agricultural Industry ◽  
Fishing Villages ◽  
Podzolic Soils ◽  
The North ◽  
Finnish Lapland ◽  
Fallow Lands ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium

Agricultural practices in agrocenoses of different ages and in fallow lands of Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Region of the Russian Federation were studied with account for post-agrogenic transformations of soils under cryogenic conditions. Agricultural practices in the YNAR are much consistent with those in Finnish Lapland, Southern Greenland, and remote fishing villages in Alaska. Well-drained areas with sandy, light and medium loamy, sod-meadow or sod-podzolic soils, which are easily warmed and not floating in cases of heavy rainfall, are selected for gardens and fields. The depth of permafrost is reduced in plowed areas and depends on the age of their development. The content of available forms of phosphorus and potassium in the upper layer of fallow soils remains very high even through 5-20 years. The use of agricultural techniques, including mulching, drainage, and application of manure and compost derived from fish, increases soil fertility. Currently, agriculture in YNAR decays for such reasons as remoteness (logistics problems), dependence on weather conditions, difficulties in field cultivation, lack of market for agricultural products, and limited choice of products due to natural conditions and the specifics of the agricultural industry. The small indigenous peoples and the landscapes of the North are inseparable and may be sustainable only based on the traditional ways of life harmonized with the natural and social environments.

scholarly journals Rancang Bangun Jemuran Otomatis Menggunakan Mikrokontroller WEMOS

CAHAYAtech ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adetya Windiarto Makhmud ◽  
Tutus Praningki ◽  
Ira Luvi Indah
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
The Internet ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Drying clothes is one of the daily activities of people who use solar energy. With these conditions, people are very dependent on weather conditions that are sometimes erratic. One of the right ways is by utilizing technology, namely using an automatic clothesline using a Wemos D1Mini microcontroller, equipped with an LDR sensor that will read light intensity and the DHT11 sensor will read humidity and temperature around the environment. This tool is also based on the Internet of Things which can be accessed from anywhere as long as it is connected to the internet. Keyword: Microcontroller, LDR sensor, DHT11 sensor, Internet of Things.

Corrective Solutions for the Shaft with Flange Used for Fixing the Blade on a 5 kW Wind Turbine to Withstand Extreme Weather Conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 1029 ◽  
pp. 118-123
Author(s):  
Rodica Bădărău ◽  
Teodor Miloş ◽  
Ilare Bordeaşu ◽  
Adrian Bej
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Extreme Weather ◽  
Original Solution ◽  
Root Area ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Improved Design ◽  
The Right ◽  
Technical Solutions

The paper presents a case study on the original solution of a flange shaft as part of the root area of a 5 kW wind turbine blade. There were analyzed the causes that led to the shaft breakage under wind loadings in extreme weather conditions, and consequently technical solutions have been searched in order to improve the shaft design making it more reliable as mechanical strength at extreme wind loadings. The flange shaft is a welded subassembly that keeps the blades attached to the rotor hub. The first part of the paper consists in an analysis referring the loading status, the materials used for blade manufacturing, the identification of critical areas where the breaking was initiated and also the causes for which the materials assumed and specified in the technical design and manufacturing technology failed under loading at wind gusts of about 30 m/sec. Based on this preliminary analysis, the second part of the paper presents the technical solutions which were considered in reference to the materials and the improved design concept aiming to provide the right mechanical strength necessary to withstand specific wind loadings in extreme weather conditions.

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