scholarly journals Antioxidant response of the invasive herb Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. to different irradiance levels

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-15
Author(s):  
Zhong Qin ◽  
DanJuan Mao ◽  
GuoMing Quan ◽  
Jia-En Zhang ◽  
JunFang Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Antioxidant Response ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Ambrosia Artemisiifolia ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Exotic Invasive

The exotic invasive Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. and a native co-occurring species in southern China, Urena lobata L., were compared to investigate the possible protective role of leaf antioxidant systems in the acclimation of invasive plants to different irradiance levels. Antioxidant activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) were examined under four irradiance regimes: 10% (dense shade), 30% (low irradiance), 55% (medium irradiance) and 100% (full irradiance). Free proline (Pro) content and the rate of lipid peroxidation in terms of malondialdehyde (MDA) content, glutathione reductase (GR), and tea polyphenols (TP) were also assessed under the different irradiance regimes. Antioxidant enzyme activity of SOD and CAT and the MDA, GR and TP contents for the two species increased with increasing irradiance levels. Invasive A. artemisiifolia was able to scavenge oxygen radicals more efficiently at higher irradiance levels by enhancing CAT activity and GR and TP contents although leaf SOD activity was not greatly enhanced. This exotic species also maintained normal physiological functions when subjected to low irradiance, which might be attributed to the increase in POD activity with decreasing irradiance levels. The higher efficiency of adaptive responses of antioxidant enzymes may protect plants from irradiance-induced stress and may contribute to the invasiveness of A. artemisiifolia in subtropical and tropical regions.

Antiulcer and Antioxidant Activity of a Lectin from Mucuna pruriens Seeds on Ethanol- induced Gastropathy: Involvement of Alpha-2 Adrenoceptors and Prostaglandins

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 1430-1439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabela Ribeiro Pinto ◽  
Hellíada V. Chaves ◽  
Auriana S. Vasconcelos ◽  
Francisca Clea F de Sousa ◽  
Tatiane Santi-Gadelha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Mucuna Pruriens ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Mediated Effects ◽  
Menstruation Disorders ◽  
Therapeutic Tools

Ethnopharmacological Relevance:Mucuna pruriens (Mp) belongs to Leguminosae family, it is native of tropical regions and used to treat several maladies such as urinary, neurological, and menstruation disorders, constipation, edema, fever, tuberculosis, ulcers, diabetes, arthritis, dysentery, and cardiovascular diseases. Mp seeds are rich in bioactive compounds, for instance, lectins, a heterogeneous group of proteins and glycoproteins with a potential role as therapeutic tools for several conditions, including gastric disorders. This study investigated the acute toxicity, gastroprotective, and antioxidant activities of a lectin from Mucuna pruriens seeds (MpLec) on ethanol-induced gastropathy model in mice.Materials & Methods:Mice received MpLec (5 or 10 mg/kg; i.v.) and were observed for acute toxicity signs; in another experimental series, mice were pre-treated with MpLec (0.001; 0.01 or 0.1 mg/kg, i.v.), ranitidine (80 mg/kg, p.o.), or saline (0.3 mL/30g, i.v.) before ethanol 99.9% (0.2 mL/animal, p.o.), and euthanized 30 min after ethanol challenge. Macroscopic and microscopic gastric aspects, biochemical parameters (tissue hemoglobin levels, iron-induced lipid peroxidation, GSH content, SOD activity, and gastric mucosal PGE2) were measured. Additionally, pharmacological tools (yohimbine, indomethacin, naloxone, L-NAME) were opportunely used to clarify MpLec gastroprotective mechanisms of action.Results:No toxicity signs nor death were observed at acute toxicity tests. MpLec reduced ethanol-induced gastric damage, edema, and hemorrhagic patches formation, as well as decreased lipid peroxidation, SOD activity, and increased GSH content. Yohimbine and indomethacin prevented MpLec effects, suggesting the involvement of alpha-2 adrenoceptors and prostaglandins in the MpLec-mediated effects.Conclusion:MpLec does not present toxicity signs and shows gastroprotective and antioxidant activities via alpha-2 adrenoceptors and prostaglandins in the ethanol-induced gastropathy model.

scholarly journals Comparative Studies on the Hepatoprotective Effect of White and Coloured Rice Bran Oil against Acetaminophen-Induced Oxidative Stress in Mice through Antioxidant- and Xenobiotic-Metabolizing Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Warunyoo Phannasorn ◽  
Arpamas Chariyakornkul ◽  
Phumon Sookwong ◽  
Rawiwan Wongpoomchai
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Rice Bran Oil ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Hepatic Lipid Peroxidation

Rice bran oil (RBO) comprises various nutrients and phytochemicals which exhibit several health benefits. There are no studies regarding the functional effects of different colours of RBO. This study was aimed to compare the constituents and antioxidant activities of white rice bran oil (WRBO) and coloured rice bran oil (CRBO). Each RBO showed similar free fatty acid profiles. However, greater amounts of vitamin E, phytosterols, carotenoids, and chlorophylls were found in CRBO, which had lower γ-oryzanol content than WRBO. Oxidative stress was induced in male mice by an overdose of acetaminophen (APAP) at 300 mg/kg body weight. The mice were then fed with RBO at the equivalent dose to 100 mg/kg body weight of γ-oryzanol three hours later and sacrificed six hours after APAP treatment. The administration of 100 mg γ-oryzanol equivalent in CRBO ameliorated APAP-induced hepatotoxicity in mice more strongly than 100 mg γ-oryzanol equivalent in WRBO, as evidenced by the significant reduction of serum ALT, hepatocellular necrosis, and hepatic lipid peroxidation. CRBO could improve xenobiotic-metabolizing and antioxidant enzyme activities, including glutathione S -transferase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase, and also increase mRNA expression of various antioxidant-responsive genes. Vitamin E, phytosterols, carotenoids, and chlorophyll might be the protective compounds in CRBO that alleviate APAP-induced hepatotoxicity through the interruption of APAP metabolism and the activation of antioxidant systems at both transcriptional and enzymatic levels. These findings might provide a protective role of CRBO on oxidative stress associated with several degenerative diseases.

scholarly journals Cold stress in soybean (Glycine max L.) roots: Exogenous gallic acid promotes water status and increases antioxidant activities

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ceyda Ozfidan-Konakci ◽  
Evren Yildiztugay ◽  
Aysegul Yildiztugay ◽  
Mustafa Kucukoduk
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Monodehydroascorbate Reductase ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Soybean Roots

Gallic acid (GLA; 3,4,5- trihydroxybenzoic acid) is a strong antioxidant in plants. In order to clarify the effects of GLA as a pro-oxidant or an antioxidant on cells under stress conditions, soybean (Glycine max) was grown under normal conditions or in the presence of cold stress (5 and 10?C) in the absence or presence of gallic acid (GLA; 1 and 2 mM) for 72 h. The soybean roots exposed to stress exhibited a significant decline in growth (RGR), water content (RWC), osmotic potential (??) and proline content (Pro). However, GLA treatment under stress significantly improved these parameters and alleviated the stress-generated damage. Stress decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, but GLA effectively mitigated the adverse effects on enzyme activity. After stress treatment, only catalase (CAT) was induced in soybean roots, although it was not sufficient to prevent toxic hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) accumulation. Thus, the levels of lipid peroxidation (TBARS content) markedly increased. However, GLA contributed to detoxification of H2O2 and lipid peroxidation by enhancing activities of CAT and peroxidase (POX). In addition to these enzymes, SOD activity was able to scavenge superoxide anion radicals, as evidenced by decline in TBARS content. However, monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), total ascorbate (tAsA) and glutathione (GSH) showed a decline of content in roots treated with GLA (both concentrations) plus stress. Our results suggest a protective role of GLA, which may strengthen plant tolerance by ensuring efficient water use and enhancing antioxidant systems. In soybean roots, GLA successfully alleviated the toxicity of cold stress by modulating the activities of SOD, CAT and POX rather than enzymes of the ascorbate-glutathione cycle.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Activities and Selenogene Transcription in the European Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Liver Depend, in a Non-linear Manner, on the Se/Hg Molar Ratio of the Feeds

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marinelle Espino ◽  
Harkaitz Eguiraun ◽  
Oihane Diaz de Cerio ◽  
José Antonio Carrero ◽  
Nestor Etxebarria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Dicentrarchus Labrax ◽  
Thioredoxin Reductase ◽  
Sea Bass ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
European Sea Bass ◽  
Thioredoxin System ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Linear Manner

AbstractFeeding 3.9 and 6.7 mg Hg/kg (Se/Hg molar ratios of 0.8 and 0.4, respectively) for 14 days negatively affected Dicentrarchus labrax growth and total DNTB- and thioredoxin-reductase (TrxR) activities and the transcription of four redox genes (txn1, gpx1, txnrd3, and txnrd2) in the liver, but a diet with 0.5 mg Hg/kg (Se/Hg molar ratio 6.6) slightly increased both reductase activities and the transcription of txn1, gpx1, and txnrd2. Feeding 6.7 mg Hg/kg for 53 days downregulated the genes of the thioredoxin system (txn1, txnrd3, and txnrd2) but upregulated gpx1, confirming the previously proposed complementarity among the antioxidant systems. Substitution of 20% of the feed by thawed white fish (hake) slightly counteracted the negative effects of Hg. The effects were not statistically significant and were dependent, in a non-linear manner, on the Se/Hg molar ratio of the feed but not on its Hg concentration. These results stress the need to consider the Se/Hg molar ratio of the feed/food when evaluating the toxicity of Hg.

Ageing in embryos from wheat grains stored at different temperatures: oxidative stress and antioxidant response

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmelina Spanò ◽  
Stefania Bottega ◽  
Roberto Lorenzi ◽  
Isa Grilli
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Antioxidant Response ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Native Page ◽  
Wheat Grains ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Enzymatic Machinery

In the present work we studied oxidative stress as an important cause of seed deterioration during ageing in embryos from durum wheat grains stored at room temperature and at low temperature (10°C). The protective role of low temperature on seed viability was confirmed. The increase of hydrogen peroxide content during dry storage was strongly correlated with the decrease of germinability. Ascorbate and glutathione showed a good correlation with grain germinability and significantly increased upon imbibition, in particular in embryos from viable grains. Ascorbate peroxidase (APX), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and catalase (CAT) were studied quantitatively (enzymatic assays). APX, GR, and GPX were also studied qualitatively by native PAGE. The enzymes were active in dry, still viable, embryos whereas no activity was detected in non-viable embryos. With the exception of APX, all enzymatic activities decreased upon imbibition. The study of grains stored in different conditions indicated a negative correlation between the efficiency of the antioxidant enzymatic machinery and the age of the grain. The differences detected in differently stored materials confirmed that both germination parameters and the length of storage period are important in determining grain condition.

Immune and Antioxidant Enzyme Response of Longfin Yellowtail (Seriola rivoliana) Juveniles to Ultra-diluted Substances Derived from Phosphorus, Silica and Pathogenic Vibrio

Homeopathy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 108 (01) ◽  
pp. 043-053 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Mazón-Suástegui ◽  
Joan Salas-Leiva ◽  
Andressa Teles ◽  
Dariel Tovar-Ramírez
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Analysis ◽  
Antioxidant Response ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Over Expression ◽  
Pathogenic Vibrio ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Mother Tincture

Background This research aimed to observe the effect of homeopathic treatments prepared from Vibrio parahaemolyticus and V. alginolyticus (H1) and commercial homeopathic medication Phosphoricum acidum and Silicea terra (H2) on the immune and antioxidant response in Seriola rivoliana juveniles under usual culture conditions and challenged with V. parahaemolyticus. Materials and Methods Quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis was used to study changes in the expression of key genes related to immune response, cytokines (interleukin-1β [IL-1β]), adapter protein for cytokine release (MyD88) and piscidin and spectrophotometric techniques to analyze the activity of antioxidant superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) enzymes in Seriola rivoliana juveniles at 30 (weaning stage [WS]) and 60 (early juveniles [EJ]) days post-hatching. Results The H1 treatment led to over-expression of the IL-1β and MyD88 genes in fish at WS and EJ with respect to control, contrary to the H2 treatment that led to under-expression of the IL-1β, MyD88 and piscidin genes at the EJ stage. In fish challenged with V. parahaemolyticus, both H1 and H2 led to over-expression of IL-1β and MyD88; H2 caused an over-expression of piscidin. The SOD activity was higher in H1 with respect to H2 and the control group. CAT remained relatively stable with both H1 and H2 treatments. Conclusions The results suggest that the overall effect of H1 was due to the presence of unknown antigens in low concentrations, while the response to H2—specifically during challenge—may have been due to a stimulating effect of nano-structures, prevailing from mother tincture after sequential dilution/succussion, in a pathway similar to that attributed to nano-vaccines.

scholarly journals Hepato & nephro protective effects of naringenin-loaded tpgs polymeric nanosuspension against cisplatin-induced toxicity

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 2755-2764
Author(s):  
Sumathi Rajamani ◽  
Gobinath Kalyanasundaram ◽  
Tamizharasi Sengodan ◽  
Sivakumar Thangavelu ◽  
Nikhitha K Shanmukhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Aqueous Solubility ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Glycol Succinate ◽  
High Pressure Homogenization ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Nephroprotective Effect

Cisplatin (Cis-Diammineplatinum (II) dichloride/CIS) is one of the most potent chemotherapeutic agents widely used in treatment of various cancers. Naringenin (NAR), a natural flavonoid, protect against CIS-induced injury in rats without hampering CIS beneficial cytotoxic activity. Even though NAR exhibits therapeutic potency, clinical evolution of the molecule is embarrassed because of very less aqueous solubility which corresponds to low availability at the site of the tumor. In our former analysis, nanosuspension of naringenin (NARNS) was developed by the method of high-pressure homogenization. The study had been continued to evaluate the protective role of D-α-Tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS) coated NARNS, against oxidative stress-induced hepato and nephrotoxicity in male Wistar rats upon CIS treatment. Induction of acute hepato and neprotoxicity was done by intraperitoneal injection (i.p) injection of CIS (7 mg/kg of body weight) and administration of NAR and NARNS. Administration of NARNS virtually suppressed CIS-induced and liver injury evidenced by a reduction of lipid peroxidation level, blood urea nitrogen, serum uric acid, creatinine and elevated enzymatic antioxidant activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase in rats liver tissue. Histological studies substantiated the biochemical parameters. The study suggests that NARNS has strong hepato and nephroprotective effect compared to NAR.

scholarly journals CARDIOPROTECTIVE POTENTIAL OF QUERCETIN AGAINST DIESEL OR PETROL EXHAUST NANOPARTICLE INDUCED TOXICITY: A PROSPECTIVE IN VITRO PHARMACOLOGICAL STUDY IN H9C2 CELLS

2021 ◽  
pp. 139-144
Author(s):  
MOHAN DURGA ◽  
THIYAGARAJAN DEVASENA
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diesel Exhaust ◽  
Pharmacological Study ◽  
Lethal Effect ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Cardiac Cells ◽  
H9c2 Cells ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Cardioprotective Effects

Objective: Phytochemicals are known to elicit potential antioxidant activity. This study examined the cardioprotective effects of quercetin against oxidative damage to rat cardiomyocyte cells (H9c2) after treatment with Diesel Exhaust Nanoparticles (DEPs) or Petrol Exhaust Nanoparticles (PEPs). Methods: Cardiomyocyte cells were exposed to DEPs or PEPs alone and in a combination with quercetin for 24 h. Results: Results showed that quercetin had no lethal effect on H9c2 cells up to a concentration of 1.0 μg/ml. Exposure to DEPs (4.0 μg/ml) or PEPs (10.0 μg/ml) induced cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, and inflammation (p<0.05). It also provoked lipid peroxidation by an increase in MDA and a decrease in SOD activity and glutathione activity (p<0.05). Simultaneous addition of quercetin restored these parameters to near normal. Conclusion: These results thus specify that quercetin plays a protective role in cardiac cells exposed to DEPs and PEPs.

scholarly journals Ziziphus spina-christi Leaf Extract Suppressed Mercury Chloride-Induced Nephrotoxicity via Nrf2-Antioxidant Pathway Activation and Inhibition of Inflammatory and Apoptotic Signaling

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafa S. Almeer ◽  
Gadah Albasher ◽  
Fatimah Alotibi ◽  
Saud Alarifi ◽  
Daoud Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Antioxidant Response ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mercury Chloride ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Physiological Saline Solution

Exposure to heavy metals, including mercury chloride (HgCl2), is associated with severe health problems. This study was designed to investigate HgCl2-induced nephrotoxicity and evaluate the protective role of Ziziphus spina-christi leaf extract (ZSCLE). Four randomly selected groups containing seven rats were used. For a period of 28 days, the control group was administered 0.9% saline solution; the second group was administered 300 mg/kg ZSCLE; the third group was administered 0.4 mg/kg HgCl2 dissolved in 0.9% physiological saline solution; and the fourth group was administered an oral supplement of 300 mg/kg ZSCLE one hour after HgCl2 administration. HgCl2 intoxication resulted in Hg accumulation in renal tissue; decreases in body weight, kidney index, and glutathione content and superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase activities; increases in creatinine, urea, Kim-1 expression, lipid peroxidation, and nitric oxide production; suppression of the Nrf2-antioxidant response pathway; upregulation of Il1β, Tnfα, and Nos2; and potentiation of proapoptotic activity. ZSCLE exerted beneficial effects against mercury-induced renal toxicity and significantly reversed these alterations to near normal values. These effects resulted from its chelation and antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic activities. ZSCLE may prevent or minimize the pathological changes induced by mercury in the kidney.

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