scholarly journals Health-saving technologies for citizens in the focus of urban planning policy

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Olga Nikolaevna Astafyeva ◽  
Irina Kuznetsova
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Urban Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Planning Policy ◽  
Key Indicator ◽  
The Government

In the last few years, the approach “Urban Health” is gaining popularity in the world practice of municipal and state administration. Its peculiarity consists in the fact that in structuring any policies and making any decisions, priority is given to health and wellbeing of the population, and the key indicator of effectiveness is life expectancy. There is a range of works dedicated to ratio between physical and mental health of citizens and organization of the urban environment. However, the yet only Russian-language research on the practice of using Urban Health approach in different countries, the Russian experience is presented by Moscow alone and without emphasis on architecture and urban planning. The author systematizes the existing health-saving technologies that can serve as the foundation for environmental development programs; successful urban development programs of other countries are compared with such in Moscow and Russia, which allows revealing the merits and flaws of the latter. The conclusion is made that despite a set of measures presented in multiple programs and documents, which are aimed at improvement of health and well-being of the citizens, life expectancy and mitigation of risk of various diseases, do not appear as the goals of these programs. Therefore, urban planning policy can objectively be much more health-saving; the rhetoric and optics of the Urban Health approach, being articulated by the government,  can be more comprehensible for the population than the environmental agenda, and thus, promote the necessary urban changes.

scholarly journals Food for thought: the importance of nutritional well-being during COVID-19

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
L. Burke-Furey ◽  
F. McNicholas
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Current Experience ◽  
Roll Out

Individuals with mental illness have poorer physical health, nutritional status, and lowered life expectancy. Optimising their physical and nutritional status has become an increasingly important therapeutic goal. Current experience with COVID-19 has further emphasised the susceptibility to physical illness and poorer outcomes amongst individuals with mental illness and those who are nutritionally compromised. Although life as we knew it has been suspended until the widespread roll-out of a vaccine, individuals can take immediate action to improve physical and mental health by attending to and optimising their nutritional well-being. Clinicians within mental health services have a crucial role to play in assisting such change, and reminding their patients of the importance of pursuing a healthy and balanced diet.

scholarly journals Whose Health in Whose City? A Systems Thinking Approach to Support and Evaluate Plans, Policies, and Strategies for Lasting Urban Health

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 12225
Author(s):  
Silvio Cristiano ◽  
Samuele Zilio
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Systems Thinking ◽  
Urban Health ◽  
Urban Governance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
World Health ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
The Impact

An increasing interest has been present in scientific literature and policy making for the links between urban environments and health, as also learnt from the COVID-19 pandemic. Collaboration between urban planning and public health is therefore critical for enhancing the capabilities of a city to promote the well-being of its people. However, what leverage potential for urban health can be found in existing plans, policies, and strategies that address urban health? Starting from the relationship between urban systems and health issues, the purpose of this contribution is to broaden the systemic knowledge of urban systems and health so as to try to figure out the impact potential of local urban governance on public health. Considering the systemic nature of health issues, as defined by the World Health Organisation, this is done through a systems thinking epistemological approach. Urban health proposals are studied and assessed in four European cities (Copenhagen, London, Berlin, and Vienna). Current criticalities are found, starting from the guiding goal of such proposals, yet a systemic approach is suggested aimed at supporting and evaluating lasting and healthy urban planning and management strategies.

scholarly journals Green areas in an urban area and provision of ecosystem services: a bibliometric and integrative review

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (Supl. 2) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Maycon Jorge Ulisses Saraiva Farinha ◽  
André Geraldo Berezuk ◽  
Luciana Virginia Mario Bernardo
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
Man And Nature ◽  
Bibliometric Review ◽  
Process Of Urbanization

The process of urbanization is accomplished by changes in land use, that is, by the interaction between man and nature, so that there is a common loss of green areas in cities. However, the need and importance of green areas inside urban areas has been emphasized in order to provide quality to the provision of ecosystem services. Such services favor the quality of life and human well-being of people living in urban areas. Thus, nature-based solution practices have been encouraged as a form of innovation for urban planning and to overcome problems in cities. An integrative and bibliometric review on urban green areas and ecosystem service provision was proposed from 2009 to 2019. Among the results, there is a growing interest in the topic. There is recognition of the importance of green areas for population needs regarding human physical and mental health. In addition, the need for public actions in favor of urban planning involving the issue is recognized in order to provide equal access to existing areas and/or in areas that will be created.

scholarly journals Gender differences in life expectancy of the population of Tatarstan

POPULATION ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 47-57
Author(s):  
Alisa Ibragimova
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Behavioral Factors ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Male Mortality ◽  
The Government

During the spread of coronavirus infection around the world, much attention is being paid to study of excessive mortality of the population, which has impact on life expectancy. Achieving the goals set by the Government of the Russian Federation to achieve life expectancy of 78 years by 2030 depends on many factors, including reduction of gender differences in life expectancy and excess mortality of the male population from various classes of causes. But in 2020 there was a turning point which led to a decrease in life expectancy to the level of 2014. This fact requires a more detailed study of the negative consequences of gender differences in this demographic indicator. The data of Rosstat and the sociological study "Demographic well-being of Tatarstan" conducted by the Family and Demography Center of the Tatarstan Academy of Sciences served as an information resource. The purpose of the article is to identify the main social consequences of gender differences in life expectancy. The main socio-cultural and behavioral factors of male mortality are highlighted. Among the behavioral factors that are closest to explaining the high mortality of Russian men is alcohol consumption, which is considered as an optional phenomenon of suicide. The direct expression (consequence) of a certain behavior is the most characteristic tendency of men to neglect their own health. In order to change the situation, only the state policy on development of measures aimed at creating conditions for raising the life expectancy is not sufficient, it is also necessary to change the consciousness of men to form motivation for the need to preserve and strengthen health.

Recovering the Urban Past for Equitable Present and Future Social Recovery

2020 ◽  
pp. 147-158
Author(s):  
Ian Morley
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Public Space ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Public Parks ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Social Recovery

A multitude of determinants influence the urban planning process. Yet, in the contemporary context of an ongoing pandemic causing infirmity and death in more than 1,500 cities, how can examples of urban planning from history, namely ones that sought to boost public health, (re)shape the current urban planning paradigm? Is there a need in the light of the global impact of Covid-19 to re-evaluate the value of past planning models and so, in accordance, rethink present-day urban density management and public space creation? In consequence, this paper puts forward an overview of how city planning and public health have historically interlinked, albeit with reference to 19th century Britain and the establishment of public parks. Used communally by assorted social groups such green spaces were considered to be crucial for physical and mental health. Crucially too, these open areas are still a fundamental element of the 21st century British cityscape and, arguably, as part of the present and future social recovery from Covid-19, will play a vital role in public life and well-being.

scholarly journals KONSEP ASAS PEMBENTUKAN INDIKATOR BANDAR SEJAHTERA MENURUT PERSPEKTIF ISLAM

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Norizam Bin Lagiman ◽  
Ibrahim Ngah ◽  
Ismail Mustari ◽  
Siti Norashikin Bashirun
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Community Development ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Well Being ◽  
City Development ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
Planning Policy ◽  
Clean Environment ◽  
The City ◽  
Development Result

City is the central development of the human civilization. The emergence of Islam as a greatest religion and most glorious began from the city. The aims of the study are to identify the concepts, principles and characteristics of wellbeing Islamic city and to establish indicators based on Islamic scholars opinion. It is also to measure the level of wellbeing city based on the indicators produced and to identify the implications of planning policy and urban community development. Result shows that, economic, faith and physical scored highest for developing cultural-economic indicators among the population endowment scored min 4.91. Faith-resident reading al-Quran as a daily practice indicator scored 4.90 and physical indicators of the existence of a clean environment scored min 4.89. Overall, the study found that the wellbeing of a city influenced by spiritual compared with physical factors.Keywords: Indicator, City, Development, Well Being, Urban Planning

scholarly journals Effects Of Sports And Social Well-Being On Physical And Mental Health Of Pakistani Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-164
Author(s):  
Shagufta Jahangir ◽  
Asma Manzoor
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government ◽  
Sports Activities

Sports are very trendy observable fact in the world. It is the greatest extensive communal institution of contemporary civilization. It increases social hierarchies of any society, which is based on class, competition, gender and ethnicity. Almost all societies of the world aren’t comfortable that women get involved in games, while it plays a vital role in shaping social, cultural and economic values. Usually Women at their peak lacks in physical and mental strength as compared to men because they cannot sustain fatigue and strain beyond certain limit therefore, they have to compromise their sports careers usually before attaining the highest goal. The objective of this study is to explore different perspectives regarding sports women in sports activities and it also aims to analyze critically the misconceptions regarding women sports. The researcher has used both qualitative and quantitative research method and by using snowball sampling technique collected data through the interview schedule from 210 sports women residing in different places of Pakistan and hence, five case studies are in corporated in this study. The findings of the study highlight that societal misconceptions have strictly prohibited women from sports activities because dominant people create misconceptions regarding women sports in the society according to their own perceptions. It is observed that wrong fallacies regarding sports activities are very strong in the Pakistani society, which restricts women to participate in sports activities. According to the research findings it is the responsibility of the Government to facilitate women and provide them different facilities which not only assure their mental health but also provide them opportunity of full participation in sports by providing them childcare facilities, economic stability, maintaining their social respect, self - esteem, and empowering them.

scholarly journals Actual problems of formation of a healthy way of life of student's youth

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-44
Author(s):  
N.V. Ketova
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
State Level ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Responsible Behavior ◽  
Key Indicator ◽  
Functional Reserves ◽  
Social Discipline

Topical issues of promoting a healthy lifestyle among student youth are considered. Features of formation of a healthy way of life of youth and some variants of the decision of this problem are considered. It is determined that the reduction of the body's functional reserves, the processes of self-regulation, the birth of weakened offspring and much more is characteristic of the modern generation. Negative factors of the feeling environment contribute to the transformation of student youth into the most vulnerable category of the population, among which are spread various chronic diseases, including diseases of the digestive, musculoskeletal, cardiovascular system and others. The importance of forming a healthy lifestyle of students is explained by the fact that the physical and mental health of students depends on the social well-being and efficiency of future professionals who are called to contribute to the development of their country. It is investigated that since the level of health of the population, especially young people, is a key indicator of the well-being of society and the country as a whole, the creation of conditions and opportunities for a healthy lifestyle becomes a priority of any progressive state. It is determined that in connection with such urgent problems of formation of a healthy way of life of students it is necessary, first of all, at the state level to continue purposeful work on formation at students of safe and responsible behavior, observance of social discipline and an order, displays of care of the health.

PERCEIVED EFFECTS OF STREET HAWKING ON THE WELL-BEING OF CHILDREN IN ANYIGBA, DEKINA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF KOGI STATE, NIGERIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-07
Author(s):  
Alfred Eboh
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Perceived Effects ◽  
The Government

Background: The hawking of wares by children has been a serious issue confronting the Nigerian society. Children hawk in some of the most horrible conditions conceivable, where they face a serious risk of injury, chronic illness, kidnapping, rape or death. Objective: The focus of this study was to assess the perceived effects of street hawking on the well-being of children in Anyigba, Dekina Local Government Area of Kogi State. Methods: The population of this study consists of parents of the street hawkers in Anyigba while cross-sectional survey design was used through the purposive sampling technique to choose the sample size of one hundred and sixty-two (162) respondents. The validated structured questionnaire and In-Depth Interviews (IDIs) served as the instruments for the data collection respectively. The hypotheses were tested using Chi-Square at a predetermined 0.05 level of significance. The quantitative data were analysed with the aid of the SPSS (version 20). Results: The results indicated among others that street hawking had significant social implications and physical consequences on children's moral behaviour as well as health status in the study area. Conclusion: The study, therefore, concluded that the government of Kogi State should carry out an enlightenment campaign through the media and religious institutions on the negative consequences of street hawking are recommended as panacea. Also, the child right act instrument and its implementation should be strengthened in order to curb street hawking in the study area.

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