Adsorption of phenol over bio-based silica/calcium carbonate (CS-SiO2/CaCO3) nanocomposite synthesized from waste eggshells and rice husks

A bio-based Silica/Calcium Carbonate (CS–SiO2/CaCO3) nanocomposite was synthesized in this study using waste eggshells (ES) and rice husks (RH). The adsorbents (ESCaCO3, RHSiO2 and, CS-SiO2/CaCO3) characterized using XRD show crystallinity associated with the calcite and quartz phase. The FTIR of ESCaCO3 shows the CO−23 group of CaCO3, while the spectra of RHSiO2 majorly show the siloxane bonds (Si–O–Si) in addition to the asymmetric and symmetric bending mode of SiO2. The spectra for Chitosan (CS) show peaks corresponding to the C=O vibration mode of amides, C–N stretching, and C–O stretching. The CS–SiO2/CaCO3 nanocomposite shows the spectra pattern associated with ESCaCO3 and RHSiO2. The FESEM micrograph shows a near monodispersed and spherical CS–SiO2/CaCO3 nanocomposite morphology, with an average size distribution of 32.15 ± 6.20 nm. The corresponding EDX showed the representative peaks for Ca, C, Si, and O. The highest removal efficiency of phenol over the adsorbents was observed over CS–SiO2/CaCO3 nanocomposite compared to other adsorbents. Adsorbing 84–89% of phenol in 60–90 min at a pH of 5.4, and a dose of 0.15 g in 20 ml of 25 mg/L phenol concentration. The result of the kinetic model shows the adsorption processes to be best described by pseudo-second-order. The highest correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.99 was observed in CS-SiO2/CaCO3 nanocomposite, followed by RHSiO2 and ESCaCO3. The result shows the equilibrium data for all the adsorbents fitting well to the Langmuir isotherm model, and follow the trend CS-SiO2/CaCO3 > ESCaCO3 > RHSiO2. The Langmuir equation and Freundlich model in this study show a higher correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.9912 and 0.9905) for phenol adsorption onto the CS–SiO2/CaCO3 nanocomposite with a maximum adsorption capacity (qm ) of 14.06 mg/g compared to RHSiO2 (10.64 mg/g) and ESCaCO3 (10.33 mg/g). The results suggest good monolayer coverage on the adsorbent’s surface (Langmuir) and heterogeneous surfaces with available binding sites (Freundlich).

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Removal of Pb(II) by adsorption onto Chinese walnut shell activated carbon

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2015.305 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 72 (6) ◽

pp. 983-989 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Zheng-ji Yi ◽

Jun Yao ◽

Yun-fei Kuang ◽

Hui-lun Chen ◽

Fei Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Metal Removal ◽

Heavy Metal Removal ◽

Walnut Shell ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Equilibrium Data ◽

Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽

Pseudo Second Order ◽

Chinese Walnut ◽

Maximum Removal

The excessive discharge of Pb(II) into the environment has increasingly aroused great concern. Adsorption is considered as the most effective method for heavy metal removal. Chinese walnut shell activated carbon (CWSAC) was used as an adsorbent for the removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solution. Batch experiments were conducted by varying contact time, temperature, pH, adsorbent dose and initial Pb(II) concentration. Adsorption equilibrium was established within 150 min. Although temperature effect was insignificant, the Pb(II) adsorption was strongly pH dependent and the maximum removal was observed at pH 5.5. The Pb(II) removal efficiency increased with increasing CWSAC dosage up to 2.0 g/L and reached a maximum of 94.12%. Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms were employed to fit the adsorption data. The results suggested that the equilibrium data could be well described by the Langmuir isotherm model, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 81.96 mg/g. Adsorption kinetics data were fitted by pseudo-first- and pseudo-second-order models. The result indicated that the pseudo-first-order model best describes the adsorption kinetic data. In summary, CWSAC could be a promising material for the removal of Pb(II) from wastewater.

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Adsorption kinetics and thermodynamics of acid Bordeaux B from aqueous solution by graphene oxide/PAMAMs

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2015.328 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 72 (7) ◽

pp. 1217-1225 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Fan Zhang ◽

Shengfu He ◽

Chen Zhang ◽

Zhiyuan Peng

Keyword(s):

Graphene Oxide ◽

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Ph Value ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Freundlich Model ◽

Equilibrium Data ◽

Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽

Pseudo Second Order ◽

Effects Of Media ◽

Better Than

Graphene oxide/polyamidoamines dendrimers (GO/PAMAMs) composites were synthesized via modifying GO with 2.0 G PAMAM. The adsorption behavior of the GO/PAMAMs for acid Bordeaux B (ABB) was studied and the effects of media pH, adsorption time and initial ABB concentration on adsorption capacity of the adsorbent were investigated. The optimum pH value of the adsorption of ABB onto GO/PAMAMs was 2.5. The maximum adsorption capacity increased from 325.78 to 520.83 mg/g with the increase in temperature from 298 to 328 K. The equilibrium data followed the Langmuir isotherm model better than the Freundlich model. The kinetic study illustrated that the adsorption of ABB onto GO/PAMAMs fit the pseudo-second-order model. The thermodynamic parameters indicated that the adsorption process was physisorption, and also an endothermic and spontaneous process.

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Adsorption of Cu(II) by Poly-γ-glutamate/Apatite Nanoparticles

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym13060962 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 962

Author(s):

Kuo-Yu Chen ◽

Wei-Yu Zeng

Keyword(s):

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Kinetic Studies ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Gravimetric Analysis ◽

Solution Ph ◽

Equilibrium Data ◽

Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽

Pseudo Second Order ◽

Initial Adsorption ◽

Adsorption Equilibrium Data

Poly-γ-glutamate/apatite (PGA-AP) nanoparticles were prepared by chemical coprecipitation method in the presence of various concentrations of poly-γ-glutamate (γ-PGA). Powder X-ray diffraction pattern and energy-dispersive spectroscopy revealed that the main crystal phase of PGA-AP was hydroxyapatite. The immobilization of γ-PGA on PGA-AP was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and the relative amount of γ-PGA incorporation into PGA-AP was determined by thermal gravimetric analysis. Dynamic light scattering measurements indicated that the particle size of PGA-AP nanoparticles increased remarkably with the decrease of γ-PGA content. The adsorption of aqueous Cu(II) onto the PGA-AP nanoparticles was investigated in batch experiments with varying contact time, solution pH and temperature. Results illustrated that the adsorption of Cu(II) was very rapid during the initial adsorption period. The adsorption capacity of PGA-AP nanoparticles for Cu(II) was increased with the increase in the γ-PGA content, solution pH and temperature. At a pH of 6 and 60 °C, a higher equilibrium adsorption capacity of about 74.80 mg/g was obtained. The kinetic studies indicated that Cu(II) adsorption onto PGA-AP nanoparticles obeyed well the pseudo-second order model. The Langmuir isotherm model was fitted well to the adsorption equilibrium data. The results indicated that the adsorption behavior of PGA-AP nanoparticles for Cu(II) was mainly a monolayer chemical adsorption process. The maximum adsorption capacity of PGA-AP nanoparticles was estimated to be 78.99 mg/g.

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Preparation of a novel Fe3O4/HCO composite adsorbent and the mechanism for the removal of antimony (III) from aqueous solution

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-49679-9 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jun Zhang ◽

Ren-jian Deng ◽

Bo-zhi Ren ◽

Baolin Hou ◽

Andrew Hursthouse

Keyword(s):

Dominant Role ◽

Second Order ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Isothermal Adsorption ◽

Batch Tests ◽

Equilibrium Data ◽

Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽

Pseudo Second Order ◽

Co Precipitation ◽

Optical Polishing

Abstract A novel adsorbent (Fe3O4/HCO) was prepared via co-precipitation from a mix of ferriferrous oxide and a Ce-rich waste industrial sludge recovered from an optical polishing activity. The effect of system parameters including reaction time, pH, dose, temperature as well as initial concentration on the adsorption of Sb(III) were investigated by sequential batch tests. The Sb(III)/Fe3O4/HCO system quickly reached adsorption equilibrium within 2 h, was effective over a wide pH (3–7) and demonstrated excellent removal at a 60 mg/L Sb(III) concentration. Three isothermal adsorption models were assessed to describe the equilibrium data for Sb(III) with Fe3O4/HCO. Compared to the Freundlich and dubinin-radushkevich, the Langmuir isotherm model showed the best fit, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 22.853 mg/g, which exceeds many comparable absorbents. Four kinetic models, Pseudo-first-order, Pseudo-second-order, Elovich and Intra-particle, were used to fit the adsorption process. The analysis showed that the mechanism was pseudo-second-order and chemical adsorption played a dominant role in the adsorption of Sb(III) by Fe3O4/HCO (correlation coefficient R2 = 0.993). Thermodynamic calculations suggest that adsorption of Sb(III) ions was endothermic, spontaneous and a thermodynamically feasible process. The mechanism of the adsorption of Sb(III) on Fe3O4/HCO could be described by the synergistic adsorption of Sb (III) on Fe3O4, FeCe2O4 and hydrous ceric oxide. The Fe3O4/HCO sorbent appears to be an efficient and environment-friendly material for the removal of Sb(III) from wastewater.

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Application of Fe-Impregnated Biochar from Cattle Manure for Removing Pentavalent Antimony from Aqueous Solution

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11199257 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (19) ◽

pp. 9257

Author(s):

Seong-Jik Park ◽

Yeon-Jin Lee ◽

Jin-Kyu Kang ◽

Je-Chan Lee ◽

Chang-Gu Lee

Keyword(s):

Energy Dispersive Spectrometer ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Cattle Manure ◽

Model Fit ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Solution Ph ◽

Pentavalent Antimony ◽

Equilibrium Data ◽

Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽

Pseudo Second Order

This study assessed the applicability of Fe-impregnated biochar derived from cattle manure (Fe-CMB) as an adsorbent for removing Sb(V) from aqueous solutions and investigated the Sb(V) adsorption mechanism. Fe-CMB was mainly composed of C, O, Cl, Fe, Ca, and P, and the adsorption of Sb(V) onto Fe-CMB was identified using an energy dispersive spectrometer and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Sb(V) adsorption reached equilibrium within 6 h, and the Sb(V) adsorption data as a function of time were well described by the pseudo-second-order model. The Langmuir isotherm model fit the equilibrium data better than the Freundlich model. The maximum adsorption capacity of Fe-CMB for Sb(V) obtained from the Langmuir model was 58.3 mg/g. Thermodynamic analysis of Sb(V) adsorption by Fe-CMB indicated that the adsorption process was exothermic and spontaneous. The Sb(V) removal percentage increased with the Fe-CMB dose, which achieved a removal of 98.5% at 10.0 g/L Fe-CMB. Increasing the solution pH from 3 to 11 slightly reduced Sb(V) adsorption by 6.5%. The inhibitory effect of anions on Sb(V) adsorption followed the order: Cl− ≈ NO3− < SO42− < HCO3− < PO43−.

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Adsorption of Lead(II) Ions from Aqueous Solution onto Lignin

Adsorption Science & Technology ◽

10.1260/026361709790252623 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 27 (4) ◽

pp. 435-445 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Laura Bulgariu ◽

Dumitru Bulgariu ◽

Theodor Malutan ◽

Matei Macoveanu

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solution ◽

Ion Concentration ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Order Kinetic ◽

Solution Ph ◽

Batch System ◽

Equilibrium Data ◽

Order Kinetic Model ◽

Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽

Pseudo Second Order

The adsorption of lead(II) ions from aqueous solution onto lignin was investigated in this study. Thus, the influence of the initial solution pH, the lignin dosage, the initial Pb(II) ion concentration and the contact time were investigated at room temperature (19 ± 0.5 °C) in a batch system. Adsorption equilibrium was approached within 30 min. The adsorption kinetic data could be well described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, while the equilibrium data were well fitted using the Langmuir isotherm model. A maximum adsorption capacity of 32.36 mg/g was observed. The results of this study indicate that lignin has the potential to become an effective and economical adsorbent for the removal of Pb(II) ions from industrial wastewaters.

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The Removal of Phosphate by Coal Gangue from Wastewater

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.209-211.2005 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 209-211 ◽

pp. 2005-2008 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Fang Juan Zhang ◽

Hua Yong Zhang ◽

Lu Yi Zhang

Keyword(s):

Waste Water ◽

Adsorption Process ◽

Phosphate Concentration ◽

Phosphate Removal ◽

Coal Gangue ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Order Model ◽

Equilibrium Data ◽

Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽

Pseudo Second Order

The feasibility of coal gangue as an adsorbent for phosphate removal from wastewater was investigated. The results showed that the equilibrium data were well fit to Langmuir isotherm model and the maximum adsorption capacity calculated was 2.49 mg/g at 25°C. The adsorption process followed pseudo-second order model. And the practical waste water experiment indecated that the phosphate concentration of real sewage decreased from 0.625mg/L to 0.121mg/L. These results suggested that coal gangue can be used as an adsorbent to removal phosphate from wastewater.

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Adsorption of methyl orange dye onto biochar adsorbent prepared from chicken manure

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2018.003 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 77 (5) ◽

pp. 1303-1312 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Jiangang Yu ◽

Xingwen Zhang ◽

Dong Wang ◽

Ping Li

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solution ◽

Methyl Orange ◽

Chicken Manure ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Solution Ph ◽

Equilibrium Data ◽

Intra Particle Diffusion ◽

Endothermic Process ◽

Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽

Pseudo Second Order

Abstract In this work, the biochar adsorbent carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), was prepared from the pyrolysis (600 °C, 120 min) of chicken manure for the removal of methyl orange (MO) from aqueous solution, and its physicochemical properties were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR). The experimental parameters including agitation speed, initial solution pH, biochar dosage and contact time on the adsorption properties of MO from aqueous solution onto CMC were investigated in batch experiments. The kinetic adsorption of different initial concentration could be accurately described by the pseudo-second-order model and the overall rate process was apparently influenced by external mass transfer and intra-particle diffusion. Furthermore, the Langmuir isotherm model showed a better fit with equilibrium data (R2 > 0.99), with the maximum adsorption capacity of 39.47 mg·g−1 at 25 °C. Moreover, the thermodynamic parameters indicated that the adsorption of MO onto CMC was a spontaneous and endothermic process. The results of this study indicated that CMC could be used as a promising biomass adsorbent material for aqueous solutions containing MO.

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Adsorbent Ability of Treated Peganum harmala-L Seeds for the Removal of Ni (II) from Aqueous Solutions: Kinetic, Equilibrium and Thermodynamic Studies

Indian Journal of Materials Science ◽

10.1155/2014/459674 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Maryam Ghasemi ◽

Nahid Ghasemi ◽

Javad Azimi-Amin

Keyword(s):

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Batch Experiments ◽

Peganum Harmala ◽

Order Model ◽

Adsorption Isotherms And Kinetics ◽

Experimental Parameters ◽

Equilibrium Data ◽

Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽

Pseudo Second Order ◽

Kinetic Equilibrium

The main goal of this study was to evaluate the performance of new adsorbent, treated Peganum harmala-L seeds (TPHS), for the removal of Ni (II) from aqueous solution. Batch experiments were performed as a function of various experimental parameters. The adsorption studies included both equilibrium adsorption isotherms and kinetics. Equilibrium data fitted very well with the Langmuir isotherm model. Maximum adsorption capacity was determined 91.74 mg/g at pH 7. Kinetics studies showed better applicability for pseudo-second-order model for both adsorbents. The negative value of ΔG° confirmed the feasibility and spontaneity of TPHS for Ni (II) adsorption.

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Equilibrium and Kinetic Study of Anionic and Cationic Pollutants Remediation by Limestone–Chitosan–Alginate Nanocomposite from Aqueous Solution

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26092586 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (9) ◽

pp. 2586

Author(s):

Inas A. Ahmed ◽

Ahmed H. Ragab ◽

Mohamed A. Habila ◽

Taghrid S. Alomar ◽

Enas H. Aljuhani

Keyword(s):

Physical Adsorption ◽

Low Cost ◽

Freundlich Isotherm ◽

Entropy Change ◽

Sem Images ◽

Bet Analysis ◽

Adsorption Processes ◽

Equilibrium Data ◽

Pseudo Second Order ◽

Multilayer Formation

In this work, low-cost and readily available limestone was converted into nanolimestone chitosan and mixed with alginate powder and precipitate to form a triple nanocomposite, namely limestone—chitosan–alginate (NLS/Cs/Alg.), which was used as an adsorbent for the removal of brilliant green (BG) and Congo red (CR) dyes in aqueous solutions. The adsorption studies were conducted under varying parameters, including contact time, temperature, concentration, and pH. The NLS/Cs/Alg. was characterized by SEM, FTIR, BET, and TEM techniques. The SEM images revealed that the NLS/Cs/Alg. surface structure had interconnected pores, which could easily trap the pollutants. The BET analysis established the surface area to be 20.45 m2/g. The recorded maximum experimental adsorption capacities were 2250 and 2020 mg/g for CR and BG, respectively. The adsorption processes had a good fit to the kinetic pseudo second order, which suggests that the removal mechanism was controlled by physical adsorption. The CR and BG equilibrium data had a good fit for the Freundlich isotherm, suggesting that adsorption processes occurred on the heterogeneous surface with a multilayer formation on the NLS/Cs/Alg. at equilibrium. The enthalpy change (ΔH0) was 37.7 KJ mol−1 for CR and 8.71 KJ mol−1 for BG, while the entropy change (ΔS0) was 89.1 J K−1 mol−1 for CR and 79.1 J K−1 mol−1 BG, indicating that the adsorption process was endothermic and spontaneous in nature.

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