Assessing the Relationship between Digit Ratio as a Marker for Prenatal Androgen Exposure and Different Blood Pressure Components among North Indian Males: A Pilot Study

Introduction: Digit ratio (2D:4D) has been associated with cardiovascular diseases using association with surrogate markers. Studies showing an association of digit ratio with cardiovascular parameters within normal limits are scarce. Aim: To explore the relation between different blood pressure components and digit ratio in normal young males within physiological range. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional pilot study, 25 apparently healthy male volunteers were included. Digit ratio (2D:4D) was measured. Body Mass Index (BMI) was estimated. Peripheral blood pressure, central aortic blood pressure and all four limb blood pressures were measured using periscope arterial health and cardiovascular analysis system. Blood pressure was measured using oscillometric method from all peripheral sites and estimated central aortic pressure by a validated transfer function. Pearson’s correlation studies were performed to assess any preliminary association. Two groups were formed of low and high digit ratio and Student’s t-test was performed to assess any significant difference between the groups. Results: Digit ratio of both hands correlated best with peripheral Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP) (Right 2D:4D r=0.43, p<0.05/Left 2D:4D r=0.40, p<0.05). No significant association observed for peripheral systolic pressure (p>0.05) and digit ratio of both hands. Significant association observed for all four limb blood pressure components and digit ratio. Pulse pressure components did not show any association with digit ratio. Significant difference of blood pressure components was observed when low and high digit ratio groups were compared. It was observed that blood pressure components were on higher side within the normal limits among the subjects with high digit ratio. Conclusion: Preliminary observations from this pilot study suggests that in normal young adult males digit ratio associate positively with different blood pressure components in normotensive males and has the potential to be used as a potent marker for early changes in cardiovascular diseases.

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Evaluation of blood pressure in school children aged 12-16 years

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ◽

10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20172607 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 1218

Author(s):

Balakrishnan Nadesan ◽

Mani Madhavan Sachithananthamoorthi ◽

Sivaraman Thirumalaikumarasamy ◽

Ezhilarasu Ramalingam

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Family History ◽

Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽

School Children ◽

Diastolic Pressure ◽

Systolic Pressure ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

History Of ◽

Family History Of Hypertension

Background: Hypertension is considered as a major health issue in developed as well as developing countries and its possible origin during childhood prompts pediatricians to routinely include measurement of blood pressure (BP) as an integral part of pediatric physical examination. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the normal range of blood pressure in adolescent school going students of 12-16 years, prevalence of hypertension and relationship of BP with variables like age, body mass index (BMI), socioeconomic status and family history of hypertension.Methods: A cross sectional study was undertaken for a period of one year in adolescent school children in age groups between 12-16 years. Detailed clinical examination was done in 1060 adolescent school children and BP was recorded in right upper limb and correlation of BP with BMI, family history of hypertension and diabetes were studied.Results: Mean systolic and diastolic pressure showed linear relationship with age. There was a highly statistically significant difference between mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure between lower and middle socio-economic class. Prevalence of obesity in our study was 1.13%, overweight was 7.83%. Prevalence of hypertension in obese children was 33.33% and in overweight children 18.07%. Family history of hypertension and diabetes carry a significant correlation with elevated systolic and diastolic blood pressure in adolescents.Conclusions: This study revealed that socio economic factors play a significant role in determining the blood pressure of the individual. Children of middle class have significantly elevated mean systolic pressure and mean diastolic pressure than low socio-economic groups.

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Study of blood pressure in elementary school children at hill and seashore areas

Paediatrica Indonesiana ◽

10.14238/pi43.1.2003.6-9 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 43 (1) ◽

pp. 6

Author(s):

Ani Ariani ◽

T Erna Lisma ◽

Iskandar Z Lubis ◽

Rafita Ramayati ◽

Rusdidjas Rusdidjas

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Systolic Pressure ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Pressure Control ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

School Age Children ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Salt Consumption ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Hill

Background Measurement of blood pressure is the most impor-tant tool for early detection of hypertension. There is an assump-tion that salt consumption of the population living at the seashoreis higher than that of those living on the hill area, and it would leadto higher blood pressure.Objective To find out whether there is any difference of bloodpressure between school-age children (6-13 years) living on thehill area (Brastagi subdistrict) and those living at the seashore area(Pantai Cermin sub district), North Sumatra.Methods A cross sectional study was conducted in Brastagi andPantai Cermin from September to October 1995. The subjects weretaken by a simple random sampling method. The blood pressurewas measured based on recommendation of The Second TaskForce on Blood Pressure Control in Children 1987.Results The means systolic pressure in boys of 6 years of age aswell as in girls of 6,8,12 and 13 years, and the means of diastolicpressure in girls of 6,7,8,11 years were higher in Pantai Cermin(p<0.05). Blood pressure had significant positive correlations(p<0.001) with age, weight and height in both areas. Overall, hy-pertension was found in 117 (11%) out of 1065 children, 11.6%among girls and 10.6% among boys. On the hill and at seashorearea, hypertension was found in 10.2% and 11.8% of children re-spectively, which was not statistically different (p>0.05).Conclusion In children, there was no significant difference be-tween the prevalence of hypertension on hill and seashore area

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INTERARM SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE DIFFERENCE IS ASSOCIATED WITH A HIGH PREVALENCE OF CARDIO VASCULAR DISEASES- A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY IN POLICE WORKER

International Journal of Medical and Biomedical Studies ◽

10.32553/ijmbs.v4i11.1524 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (11) ◽

Author(s):

Somesh Raju ◽

Rina Kumari ◽

Sunita Tiwari ◽

NS Verma

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Systolic Blood Pressure ◽

Blood Sugar ◽

Pressure Difference ◽

Systolic Pressure ◽

Working Environment ◽

Vascular Events ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Blood Pressure Difference ◽

High Prevalence

Background: Interarm systolic blood pressure difference more than 10 mm of Hg is predictor of cardiovascular and metabolic risk. Despite of sufficient physical activity there is high prevalence of obesity in police personal because of stressful working environment. No studies have addressed the significance of interarm pressure difference among them. Therefore, the present study conducted to access the relation of interarm blood pressure difference with obesity in police personnel. Aims and Objective: To estimate the interarm pressure difference in police personal to see its association with their obesity. Material and Method: This cross-sectional observational study done on 245 police workers in PAC, Sitapur, India. Subjects having more than ten years of working experience were included in study. Anthropometric measurements of subject recorded by following standard protocol. Measurement of systolic pressure in both arm recorded simultaneously by mercury sphygmomanometer. Available data analyze and expressed in percentage, mean with SD and chi square test to see the significance of association. Results: According to anthropometric results of subjects 77.14 prcent subjects were having generalised obesity and 82.04 percent of subjects having abdominal obesity. 34.29 percent of subjects showed abnormally high (?10 mmHg) inter-arm systolic blood pressure difference. Both type of obesity showed positive association with blood sugar level but no association with interarm pressure difference. Conclusion: Interarm blood pressure difference is greater in individual having obesity or prolong duration of service. Such subjects are more susceptible to develop coronary artery disease or peripheral arterial disease in future. Early screening can help to detect the vascular events likely to occur in the future Keywords: Body mass index, Waist circumference, Interarm pressure difference, Random blood sugar

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Telomere Length as a Biomarker for Race-Related Health Disparities

Genes ◽

10.3390/genes12010078 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 78

Author(s):

Vaithinathan Selvaraju ◽

Megan Phillips ◽

Anna Fouty ◽

Jeganathan Ramesh Babu ◽

Thangiah Geetha

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Telomere Length ◽

Diastolic Pressure ◽

Systolic Pressure ◽

Single Copy ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Length Ratio ◽

Hierarchical Regression ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Usa

Disparities between the races have been well documented in health and disease in the USA. Recent studies show that telomere length, a marker of aging, is associated with obesity and obesity-related diseases, such as heart disease and diabetes. The current study aimed to evaluate the connection between telomere length ratio, blood pressure, and childhood obesity. The telomere length ratio was measured in 127 children from both European American (EA) and African American (AA) children, aged 6–10 years old. AA children had a significantly high relative telomere to the single copy gene (T/S) ratio compared to EA children. There was no significant difference in the T/S ratio between normal weight (NW) and overweight/obese (OW/OB) groups of either race. Blood pressure was significantly elevated in AA children with respect to EA children. Hierarchical regression analysis adjusted for race, gender, and age expressed a significant relationship between the T/S ratio and diastolic pressure. Low T/S ratio participants showed a significant increase in systolic pressure, while a high T/S ratio group showed an increase in diastolic pressure and heart rate of AA children. In conclusion, our findings show that AA children have high T/S ratio compared to EA children. The high T/S ratio is negatively associated with diastolic pressure.

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Relationship between Ratio of Second and Fourth Digit and Obesity Traits among Different Ethnic Groups in Ilorin, North Central Nigeria

Notulae Scientia Biologicae ◽

10.15835/nsb849888 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 396-400 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Bolaji Fatai OYEYEMI ◽

John Oluwafemi ADEBAYO ◽

Abass Toba ANIFOWOSHE ◽

Oluyinka Ajibola IYIOLA

Keyword(s):

Ethnic Groups ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Standard Procedure ◽

Surrogate Marker ◽

Relative Length ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Digit Ratio ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference

Digit ratio (2D:4D) denotes the relative length of the second and fourth digits. There are contradicting reports on its relationship with ethnicity/race, whereas convincing studies show it is related to obesity. This cross-sectional study was undertaken to demystify ethnic difference in 2D:4D ratio and to analyze its relationship with obesity among adults in Ilorin Nigeria. The cross-sectional study included 701 individuals. Finger lengths were measured with electronic calipers and other anthropometric traits were measured with standard procedure. Student t test and one-way ANOVA were used to detect differences among groups and relationship was computed with Pearson correlation. The receiver operator characteristic curves were used to detect the diagnostic effect of 2D:4D for obesity. The obtained results showed sexual dimorphism in 2D:4D ratio and other anthropometrics at p < 0.01. Obesity was associated with significantly higher mean of 2D:4D in both genders (female 0.9814 ± 0.012:0.9700 ± 0.012; male 0.9700 ± 0.010:0.9592 ± 0.010 at p < 0.001). The area under the curve was 0.753 (95% CI 0.677-0.829, p < 0.01) and 0.798 (95% CI 0.756-0.804, p < 0.01) in female and male R2D:4D respectively for obesity, implying that 2D:4D might be a surrogate marker for obesity in future. No significant difference was found in 2D:4D among different ethnic groups studied (p >0.05); this result proved that there was no ethnic specificity in 2D:4D ratio among study’ participants. Thus, it can be reported that the digit ratio was related to high 2D:4D, but this cannot be said for different ethnic groups. The results imply that 2D:4D might be a good surrogate indicator for obesity, but not ethnicity.

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HUBUNGAN INDEKSMASSA TUBUH DAN LINGKAR PINGGANG DENGAN TEKANAN DARAH LAKI-LAKI DEWASA

JURNAL MEDIA KESEHATAN ◽

10.33088/jmk.v9i2.314 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 193-199

Author(s):

Tamariani Manullang

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Systolic Blood Pressure ◽

Study Design ◽

Computer Software ◽

Adult Males ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Prevalence of hypertension in adult males was highest in PuskesmasBasuki Rahmat (16.2%) as many as 648 cases of hypertension patients which hasincreased compared to 2012 by 12% in cases of hypertension totaled 482 patients((Dinkes Kota, 2013). This study aims to determine the relationship of body massindex (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) with systolic blood pressure (BP) in adultmales in Puskesmas Basuki Rahmat Bengkulu City in 2015. The study design wasdescriptive analytic with cross sectional approach. Study location was in PuskesmasBasuki Rahmat City of Bengkulu. Samples were selected using purposive samplingtotalling 68 people. Criterias sample were being adult males who occupied inPuskesmas Basuki Rahmat City of Bengkulu, aged ≥ 18 years, agreed to beinterviewed,and able to communicate actively. Data were obtained include BMI, WCand systolic BP adult males and processed using computer software with pearsoncorrelation analysis.The results showed that there was relationship between BMI andsystolic BP (p = 0.0005; r = 0.395); between WC and systolic BP (p = 0.004 and r =0.347) in adult males. This study concluded that there was relationship between BMIand WC with systolic BP in adult males in Puskesmas Basuki Rahmat Bengkulu Cityin 2015.

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Comparison of The Effect of Breads Containing Milled Sesame or Flaxseed on Blood Pressure of Patient in Stage I Hypertension

Journal of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences ◽

10.18502/ssu.v28i10.4925 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Moneyreh Modarres Mosadegh ◽

Mozhgan Modarresi ◽

Seyedeh Mahdieh Nemayandeh ◽

Masoud Mirzaei ◽

Mahdieh Jabinzadeh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽

Eating Habits ◽

Systolic Pressure ◽

Physical Activities ◽

Abdominal Circumference ◽

Type I ◽

Demographic Information ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Single Blind

Introduction: Flaxseed and sesame both are capable of reducing blood pressure, but no studies have been done to compare their effects on hypertension. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of breads containing either milled sesame or flaxseed on blood pressure of patients with type I hypertension. Methods: This was a randomized, single blind clinical trial study. Demographic information was obtained from 100 eligible patients and they were randomly allocated to flaxseed or sesame groups. They received breads containing 30 g of either flaxseed or sesame for 14 weeks. Blood pressure, abdominal circumference, and BMI (body mass index) were measured at the beginning, seventh week, and at the end of study. Questionnaires regarding their eating habits and physical activities were also completed at these times. Data was analyzes by SPSS version 16 and independent sample t test and repeated measurement test. Results: Both sesame and flaxseed significantly reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure (p=0.001) and there was no significant difference. On average, systolic pressure decreased by 9.5 mmHg with sesame and 10 mmHg with flaxseed. Likewise, diastolic blood pressure decreased by 5.05 mmHg with sesame and 5.8 mmHg with flaxseed. BMI and abdominal circumference reduced in both flaxseed (p= 0.001 and 0.001, respectively) and sesame (p=0.01 and 0.02, in order). No difference was observed between these groups. Conclusion: Both sesame and flaxseed could similarly decrease systolic and diastolic blood pressure, abdominal circumference, and BMI. Therefore, they could be used as supplements in reducing blood pressure.

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Prevalence of blood pressure among students in Jiangsu Province, China

Biomedical Research and Therapy ◽

10.15419/bmrat.v6i8.560 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (8) ◽

pp. 3333-3335

Author(s):

Taha Hussein Musa ◽

Wei Li ◽

Tauseef Ahmad ◽

Chu Jinjin ◽

Hassan Hussein Musa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Jiangsu Province ◽

Effective Control ◽

Public Health Issue ◽

Chinese Han ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Student Gender ◽

Important Message ◽

Significant Difference

Aim: Obesity and Blood Pressure (BP) is a serious public health issue. The study aims to assess the prevalence of BP and the factors associated with High Blood Pressure (HBP) among student in Jiangsu Province, China. Methods: A cross-sectional epidemiological study. A total of 101886 students (62,065 boys and 39,821 girls) aged range from 7-22 yea rs were recruited in 2010-2013. Anthropometric measurements and BP prevalence were measured, and in addition, body mass index (BMI) was calculated. We assess the prevalence of BP according to the National Blood Pressure Reference for Chinese Han children and adolescents. Results: A significant difference was observed in HBP prevalence in terms of student gender, region, age and BMI (P<0,001). Overweight and obesity were significantly associated with HBP (P<0.001). Conclusions: The findings convey an important message to the parents, health institutions that urgent action is needed to enhance effective control of HBP among the overweight and obese, and among those are living in a rural area.

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The difference in pediatric blood pressure between middle childhood and late childhood prior to dental treatment

Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.24198/pjd.vol25no1.15426 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Fitri Anissa Syaimima Syaiful Azim ◽

Arlette Suzy Puspa Pertiwi ◽

Rosiliwati Wihardja

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Middle Childhood ◽

Dental Treatment ◽

Systolic Pressure ◽

The Body ◽

Late Childhood ◽

Test Analysis ◽

Mean Values ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Difference

Every child will go through several stages in his or her life. They are different from each other as they are in the process of development of cognition, physics, emotion, and personality. For many children, a visit to the dentist can raise their anxiety. This anxiousness will lead to stress that influences the cardiovascular function in the body. The purpose of this research was to determine the difference in pediatric blood pressure between middle childhood and late childhood prior to dental treatment. This research was a clinical trial, pure experimental study. The sample consisted of 30 children within the range of 4-12 years old where they were divided into two groups of age; middle childhood (4-7 years old) and late childhood (8-12 years old). The blood pressures were measured before any dental treatment began and the values were recorded. The data were then analyzed using the One-Sample T-Test analysis. The results of blood pressure in middle childhood and late childhood were compared to the average mean values for each age group. It showed that there was a significant difference in the systolic pressure, which was found higher in the middle childhood group compared to the late childhood. From the result can be concluded that there was a difference in the pediatric blood pressure between middle childhood and late childhood prior to dental treatment.

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Hubungan kadar natrium dengan tekanan darah pada remaja di Kecamatan Bolangitang Barat Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Utara

Jurnal e-Biomedik ◽

10.35790/ebm.4.2.2016.14862 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Rivanli Polii ◽

Joice N.A. Engka ◽

Ivonny M. Sapulete

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Diastolic Pressure ◽

Systolic Pressure ◽

Extracellular Fluid ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Coastal Areas ◽

The Body ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Purposive Sampling

Abstract: Sodium is an extracellular fluid cation which is the highest in amount, 35-40% sodium (Na) is found in the body skeleton. The function of sodium is the regulation of fluid volume, the regulation of fluid balance, the regulation of osmolarity, and the regulation of blood pressure. Blood pressure is the force that is needed to keep the blood flowing inside the blood vessel and circulates to reach all the tissues in human body. Blood pressure consists of two components, the systolic pressure and diastolic pressure. According to the study conducted by Riset Kesehatan Dasar on 2007, it was found that the Natuna Islands (coastal areas) has the highest prevalence of hypertension, which is 53,3%, while the highlands of Jayawijaya has the lowest prevalence of hypertension, which is 6,8%. The North Bolaang Mongondow regency, especially West Bolangitang district is an area which is conditioned around the coastal areas. Adolescents, according to WHO, are those aged 12-24 years old. This was an analytical descriptive research is conducted with a cross sectional study design. Afterward, the collected datas are processed using the help of SPSS software. The population is all of the students in SMAN 1 Bolangitang Barat, North Bolaang Mongondow regency and the samples were collected with purposive sampling technique. The results showed that the number of respondents who follow the research were 60 students, consisting 16 boy and 44 girl by spearman’s correlation statistical test.This study shows no correlation between the levels of sodium and blood pressure on adolescents in West Bolangitang district North Bolaang Mongondow regency. Conclusion: there is no correlation between the levels of sodium and blood pressure on adolescents in West Bolangitang district, North Bolaang Mongondow regency. Keywords: sodium, blood pressure, adolescent Abstrak: Natrium ialah kation terbanyak dalam cairan ekstrasel , 35-40% natrium (Na) ada didalam kerangka tubuh. Fungsi natrium untuk mengatur volume cairan, mengatur keseimbangan cairan, mengatur osmolaritas, dan mengatur tekanan darah. Tekanan darah adalah kekuatan yang diperlukan agar darah dapat mengalir di dalam pembuluh darah dan beredar mencapai semua jaringan tubuh manusia. Tekanan darah terdiri atas 2 bagian tekanan sistolik dan tekanan diastolik. Berdasarkan data yang dilakukan Riset Kesehatan Dasar tahun 2007 didapatakan bahwa prevalensi hipertensi tertinggi di Kepulauan Natuna (wilayah pantai) sebanyak 53,3 % sedangkan prevalensi hipertensi terendah di pegunungan jayawijaya sebanyak 6,8%. Kabupaten Bolaang mongondow utara khususnya Kecamatan Bolangitang Barat merupakan suatu wilayah yang terletak disekitaran pesisir pantai, Remaja menurut WHO adalah mereka yang berumur 12-24 tahun. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif analitik dengan desain potong lintang. Data diolah dengan menggunakan program SPSS. Populasi ialah semua siswa/i SMAN 1 Bolangitang Barat Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Utara dan sampel diambil dengan cara purposive sampling. Hasil uji korelasi Spearman menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan antara kadar natrium dengan tekanan darah pada remaja di Kecamatan Bolangitang Barat Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Utara. Simpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan antara kadar natrium dengan tekanan darah pada remaja di Kecamatan Bolangitang Barat Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Utara.Kata kunci: natrium, tekanan darah, remaja

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