scholarly journals Evaluation of Aluminium Phosphide Induced Testicular Toxicity in Wistar Rat: The Role of Allium sativum

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
E. U. Eric ◽  
N. M. Eseimo ◽  
V. F. Josiah
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Garlic Extract ◽  
Medical Laboratory ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Testicular Toxicity ◽  
Aluminum Phosphide ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Group A ◽  
Animal House

Objectives: To investigate the ameliorative effect of garlic extract on Aluminum Phosphide induced toxicity on the testes of adult Wistar rats. Materials: Thirty (30) male adult Wistar rats weighing 150±20 g – 200±20 g were purchased from Dantom Farms, Swali, Bayelsa State and moved to the animal house of the department of Medical Laboratory Science, Niger Delta University. The animals were assigned into six (6) major groups with five (5) animals in each group after the period of acclimatization:  Animals in Group A (Control): received pelleted growers mash (feed) and water. Group B (Positive Control received 0.014 mg of Aluminum Phosphide only. Group C: received 0.014 mg of Aluminum Phosphide and 250g of garlic extract. Group D: received 0.014 mg of Aluminum Phosphide and 500 mg of garlic extract. Group E: received 500 mg of garlic extract, Group F: received 0.6 ml of oil at the end of the treatment, testes of each sacrificed rat was processed for paraffin sectioning and stained with Harris hematoxylin and eosin. Results: Photomicrograph of testesfor animals in Groups B, C and D shows scanty spermatid which is as a result of spermatogenic arrest, thin basement membrane, abnormal structure of the spermatids and hypertrophy of the seminiferous tubules with diameter of 6.1 cm and 4.5 cm respectively, while animals in Group A,E,F shows a normal histology of the testis with the following features; circular and oval profile, closely packed and uniformly spaced with lumen containing numerous  spermatids, with the diameter of seminiferous tubules measuring 2.4 cm – 3 cm. Conclusion: The present study proves that the oral ingestion of Aluminum Phosphide induces hypertrophyin the testes of rats. However it also shows that the use of garlic (Allium sativum) at various concentrations (250 mg/l and 500 mg/l) has a mild ameliorative role on aluminum phosphide-induced testicular toxicity.

scholarly journals Aggravation of Aluminum Phosphide Induced Liver Damage and Hematotoxicity in Adult Wistar Rat: The Role of Allium Sativum

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-59
Author(s):  
E. U. Eric ◽  
V. E. Boloya ◽  
A. E. Osuamkpe
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Mesangial Cells ◽  
Garlic Extract ◽  
Medical Laboratory ◽  
Aluminum Phosphide ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Ameliorative Effect ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Group A ◽  
Animal House

Objectives: To investigate the ameliorative effect of garlic extract on Aluminum Phosphide induced toxicity on the liver and kidney of adult Wistar rats. Materials: Thirty six (36) male adult Wistar rats weighing 180±20 – 250±30 g were purchased from Dantom Farms, Swali, Bayelsa State and moved to the animal house of the department of Medical Laboratory Science, Niger Delta University. The animals were assigned into six (6) major groups with six (6) animals in each group after the period of acclimatization: Animals in Group A (Control): received pelleted growers mash (feed) and water. Group B (Positive Control received 0.014 mg of Aluminum Phosphide only. Group C: received 0.014 mg of Aluminum Phosphide and 250 g of garlic extract. Group D: received 0.014 mg of Aluminum Phosphide and 500 mg of garlic extract. Group E: received 500 mg of garlic extract, Group F: received 0.6 ml of oil at the end of the treatment, the liver and the kidney of each sacrificed rat were processed for paraffin sectioning and stained with Harris hematoxylin and eosin. Result: Photomicrograph of the liver of animals in Groups B, C and D show central venous congestion, degeneration, hemorrhage, sinusoidal dilation, bile stasis, centrilobular necrosis, Kupffer cell hyperplasia, inflammatory cells and fat infiltration which are features of hepatic injury also photomicrograph of the kidney of animals in Groups B, C and D shows membranous defect, contracted glomeruli with marked presence of mesangial cells, areas of tubular necrosis with mesangial cells proliferation. while the other groups (Group A, E, F) did not show any histological change in comparison with control. Conclusion: The present study proves that the oral ingestion of Aluminum Phosphide induces hepatotoxicity and inflammation of the liver and kidney. It also shows that the use of garlic at various concentrations (250 mg/l and 500 mg/l) aggravates the tissue damage even more, and also garlic extract does not have ameliorative effect on aluminum phosphide toxicity on the liver and kidney of albino wistar rats.

scholarly journals Low dose bitter leaf improves sperm quality disrupted in immunosuppressed Wistar rats: An experimental study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Risikat Eniola Kadir ◽  
Abdulmumin Ibrahim ◽  
Balkis Abimbola Ibrahim ◽  
Sadiya Musa Gwadabe ◽  
Rukayat Jaji-Sulaimon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Immunosuppressive Agents ◽  
Sperm Parameters ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Sperm Counts ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: Synthetic prednisolone (PRED) is a widely used over-the-counter glucocorticoid. Glucocorticoids have inhibitory effects on the immune system and are often used as immunosuppressive agents. Suppressed immunity may impact fertility via the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Bitter leaf (BL) has been shown to improve sperm parameters, but its effects on immunosuppression-associated infertility have not yet been documented. Objective: To determine the fertility effects of bitter leaf on immunosuppressed Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: A total of 30 male adult Wistar rats were randomly assigned to 6 groups (n = 5/each). Group A served as a control and were given distilled water in addition to normal feeds, group B received 2 mg/kg PRED for 14 days and served as the standard immunosuppressed group, and groups C-F were immunosuppressed as in B but in addition received 50 mg/kg levamisole, low-dose (250 mg/kg) BL, highdose (375 mg/kg) BL, and low-dose BL + levamisole, respectively. The CD4 counts, hematological parameters, and sperm parameters were analyzed and compared. Results: There were significant decreases in sperm motility, progressive motility, morphology, and life/death ratio in the animals given PRED only compared to the controls (p = 0.002, 0.001, 0.001, and 0.01, respectively). These were significantly increased in the treated groups, and animals given levamisole and 250 mg/kg BL showed significantly increased sperm counts compared to the controls (p = 0.04 and p = 0.04, respectively). Conclusion: Low-dose BL (250 mg/kg) restored the sperm parameters altered by prednisolone administration. Key words: Bitter leaf, Immunosuppression, Infertility, Prednisolone, Rats.

scholarly journals Memory Improvement Effect of Ethanol Garlic (A. sativum) Extract in Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide Induced Diabetic Wistar Rats Is Mediated through Increasing of Hippocampal Sodium-Potassium ATPase, Glutamine Synthetase, and Calcium ATPase Activities

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Semuyaba ◽  
Abass Alao Safiriyu ◽  
Emmanuel Ayikobua Tiyo ◽  
Remón Figueredo Niurka
Keyword(s):  
Glutamine Synthetase ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Calcium Atpase ◽  
Garlic Extract ◽  
Memory Improvement ◽  
Improvement Effect ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Studies suggest that garlic (A. sativum) improves memory dependent on the hippocampus. However, the effect of ethanol garlic extract on hippocampus Na+/K+ATPase, Ca2+ATPase, and glutamine synthetase (GS) activities as possible mechanisms in memory improvement in diabetic Wistar rats has not been reported. Twenty-four male Wistar rats weighing 200–250 g were divided into three groups with 8 rats each. Group (A), normal control rats, and Group (B), diabetic rats, received 1 ml of normal saline; diabetic rats in Group (C) received 1000 mg/kg of garlic extract orally for 21 days. Hyperglycemia was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin 60 mg/kg followed by 120 mg/kg nicotinamide while extraction of garlic was done by cold maceration method. Memory was tested in all groups. After that, the rats were sacrificed, the brain was removed, and the hippocampi were carefully excised and then homogenized. Activities of Na+/K+ATPase, calcium ATPase, and GS were analyzed from the homogenate. Results showed improvement in memory and a significant increase(P<0.05)in hippocampus Na+/K+ATPase, Ca2+ATPase, and GS activities in diabetic rats treated with garlic extract. In conclusion, the increased activity of hippocampus Na+/K+ATPase, calcium ATPase, and glutamine synthetase may account for the memory improvement.

scholarly journals The novel role of resveratrol in attenuating cisplatin induced testicular toxicity in rats.

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (09) ◽  
pp. 2023-2029
Author(s):  
Kumayl Abbas Meghji ◽  
Tariq Feroz Memon ◽  
Ahsan Aslam ◽  
Naila Noor ◽  
Ali Abbas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Testicular Toxicity ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Oxidative Markers ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Objectives: To evaluate the anti-oxidative role of Resveratrol in Cisplatin-induced testicular toxicity in Albino Wistar rats. Study Design: Quasi-experimental study. Settings: Department of Physiology and Postgraduate Laboratory of ISRA University Hyderabad. Period: Six months from March to September 2019. Material & Methods: Twenty-four male albino Wistar rats were distributed equally into; Group-I (Control), Group-II (Cisplatin), Group-III (Cisplatin + Resveratrol). Difference in mean pre and post-experimental body weight was observed while analysis of oxidative markers, semen parameters, and histomorphology was carried out in all three groups. SPSS ver. 22 was used to analyze the data. Results: The mean body weight decreased from 241.7±8.5 gm to 196.50±9.34 gm and from 237±7.4 gm to 210.0 ± 6.50gm in groups II and III respectively. Statistically significant reduction in semen parameters (sperm count, motility and viability) was observed in Group-II compared with Group-C (p<0.05). Oxidative markers were also significantly depleted in Group-II in comparison to Group-C (p<0.05). Histologically, testicular structure was found to be intact in Group-I. Marked changes were observed in testicular histology of Group-II while Group-III displayed less testicular damage. Irregular, regressive and atrophic seminiferous tubules were seen in Group-II. Most seminiferous tubules having normal morphology were observed in Group-III while the number of atrophic and degenerative seminiferous tubules also decreased significantly. Conclusion: Resveratrol therapy is a potent protective regime showing promising results in cisplatin-induced testicular toxicity and oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Garlic Extract (<i>Allium sativum</i>) Enhances Spatial Working Memory in Wistar Rats: Involvement of Hippocampal Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup> ATPase and Ca<sup>2+</sup> ATPase Activities

2017 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
pp. 31-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abass Alao Safiriyu ◽  
Ibrahim Semuyaba ◽  
Figueredo Niurka Remón ◽  
Temitope Akhigbe Etibor ◽  
Musa Iyiola Ajibola
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Spatial Working Memory ◽  
Garlic Extract

scholarly journals Sulforaphane response on aluminum-induced oxidative stress, alterations in sperm characterization and testicular histomorphometry in Wistar rats

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babatunde Ogunlade ◽  
Sunday Adelakun ◽  
Kingsley Iteire
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Testicular Toxicity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Aluminum Trichloride

Background: The exposure of male individual to environmental toxicant is regarded as a channel that results in reduced sperm counts and infertility. Objective: This study investigated the ameliorative response of Sulforaphane (SFN) on Aluminum trichloride (AlCl3) induced testicular toxicity in adult male Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: A total of 32 adult male Wistar rats (180-200 gm between 8-10 wk) were divided into four groups (n = 8/each). Group A) received distilled water orally as placebo; Group B) received 100 mg/kgbw AlCl3 only orally; Group C) received 100 mg/kgbw AlCl3 and 100 mg/kgbw SFN orally; and Group D) received 100 mg/kgbw SFN only orally. After 28 days of experiment, animals underwent cervical dislocation, blood serum was obtained for analysis, and testes were harvested for biochemical assays, histology, hormonal profile, and sperm characterization. Results: The sperm parameters showed a significant difference within the AlCl3 only group compared with the control and SFN only groups (p = 0.02). However, AlCl3 and SFN co-treatment showed improvement in the motility, viability, and sperm count compared with the AlCl3 only group (p = 0.02). Furthermore, there was a significant decline in the levels of hormones profile and antioxidant status in AlCl3 only group compared to the control and SFN only (p = 0.02). The testicular histoarchitecture of the AlCl3 only group showed shrinkage of seminiferous tubules, spermatogenesis disruption, and empty lumen compared to the control and SFN only groups. Conclusion: The present study revealed the ameliorative response of SFN on AlCl3-induced testicular toxicity on serum hormone profiles, antioxidant status, lipid peroxidation, and histomorphometric analysis through oxidative stress. Key words: Sulforaphane, Aluminum trichloride, Oxidative stress, Testis, Histology.

EFFECT OF LEAD NITRATE ON THE TESTIS OF ADULT WISTAR RATS AT DIFFERENT DOSAGE

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Richard Agbonluai EHIMIGBAI
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Lead Nitrate ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Orogastric Tube ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Introduction The aim of this study was aimed at evaluating the effects of lead nitrate on adult wistar rats.Methodology A total of 32 adult wistar rats weighing between 200 and 240g were divided into 4 groups of 8 rats per group. The control groups (group A) were placed on normal diet, while Group B rats received 35mg/ kg body weight / day of lead nitrate via orogastric tube. Group C rats received 45mg / kg body weight/ day of lead nitrate via orogastric tube. Group D rats received 50 mg/ kg body weight/ day of lead nitrate via orogastric tube and all the dosage were given for 40 days.Results The results in group A, B, C and D showed normal histologic testicular architecture as evidenced by normal seminiferous tubules and interstitial spaces in figure 1, 2, 3 and 4.Conclusion It was concluded that lead nitrate at 35mg/kg, 45mg/kg and 50mg/kg body weight/day was not toxic to the testis of an adult Wistar rats. 

scholarly journals Aqueous Allium sativum (garlic) extract ameliorated CdCl2- induced alterations in blood formation and spermatogenesis in albino rats

2022 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-314
Author(s):  
Edmund Chidiebere Mbegbu ◽  
Rita Ifeoma Odo ◽  
Paul Tobechukwu Ozioko ◽  
Mark Ebubechukwu Awachie ◽  
Lotanna Gilbert Nwobi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Garlic Extract ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Ameliorative Effect ◽  
Blood Formation ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Purpose: To investigate the ameliorative effect of aqueous garlic extract (AGEx) on cadmium chloride (CdCl2-induced) alterations in the blood and testicles of rats. Methods: A total of 24 male rats (160 - 200 g), randomly assigned into 4 groups (A - D; n = 6), were used to investigate the claimed protective effect of AGEx on blood and spermatogenic tissues following CdCl2-intoxication in albino rats. The rats in Group A served as controls and were given 5 mg/mL of deionized water. Group B rats were given 300 mg/kg of AGEx. Group C rats were given 2 mg/kg of CdCl2. Rats in Group D first received 2 mg/kg of CdCl2, and 300 mg/kg of AGEx 2 h later. All treatments were done every 48 h for a period of six weeks. Results: CdCl2 administration to group C rats reduced (p < 0.05) haematocrit value (PCV), concentration of haemoglobin (Hb), red cells count (RBC), total leucocytes count (tWBC), eosinophil, neutrophil, testicular weights and sperm reserves; but elevated (p < 0.05) lymphocytes count compared with the controls. AGEx 300 mg/kg in group D rats significantly reversed (p < 0.05) the altered parameters compared with the controls. Conclusion: The results demonstrate that administration of aqueous Allium sativum (garlic) extract to male rats enhances spermatogenesis, and ameliorates testicular and haematological alterations induced by cadmium poisoning. Therefore, the spermatogenic principle in AGEx is a potential candidate for the clinical management of male infertility.

scholarly journals Leucocytes, urea and glucose levels in Albino Wistar rats exposed to doses of isolated Achatina achatina snail lectin

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 001-012
Author(s):  
Odiegwu C.N.C. ◽  
Chianella I. ◽  
Odiegwu U.O. ◽  
Okolie U.V. ◽  
Ifejirika E.C.
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Affinity Purification ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
The Body ◽  
Organic Chemical ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Group A ◽  
Animal House

There are five (5) types of mature White blood cells (WBC) or Leucocytes found in the peripheral blood viz, Neutrophils (NEU), Eosinophils (EOS) and Basophils (BAS) (granulocytes); Monocytes (MON) and Lymphocytes (LYM) (agranulocytes). Urea is an organic chemical compound, and is essentially the waste produced by the body after metabolizing protein. Urea levels can be used to detect diseases and disorders that affect the kidneys. A common disease related to irregular management of glucose is diabetes. Lectins are proteins that recognize specifically and bind reversibly the carbohydrate-containing molecules of foreign cells and that elicit diverse physiological responses in various organisms. A total of 120 samples of Nigeria Achatina achatina snail specie were collected, authenticated at the Zoology Department of University of Nigeria, Nsukka and 80mls of pooled crude Lectin extract was obtained. Purifications were performed on 20mls of the crude extract in three steps viz, Ammonium sulphate precipitation and Dialysis (Partial purifications), Con A Sepharose 4B affinity Chromatography column (Complete purification). The affinity purified Lectin was used for all the tests conducted in this research. The crude, partially and complete/affinity purified Lectin extracts were subjected to Haemagglutination tests. The Lectin was further assessed to determine its effects on Leucocytes, Urea and Glucose as follows: A total of Thirty-five (35) male Albino Wistar Rats weighing 101-180g and aged 2-3 months obtained from the Animal house of University of Nigeria, Nsukka, were used in this research. The animals were Grouped into 5 (A-E) and allowed for 2 weeks acclimatization. Graded doses of 0.04ml, 0.05ml and 0.06ml of the Affinity purified Lectin were injected intra-peritoneally into each of the Rats in Groups A-D (test groups) according to their body weights at intervals of 2 days for 1 week. Group E served as the control. Two (2) mls of blood was collected from each of the Rats before and 24 hours after the last day of Lectin Doses injections for the following tests: WBC-Total and Differential counts (using Sysmex Corporation, 1999 automated equipment), Urea and Glucose estimations (performed by means of Urease-Berthelot and GOD-PAP Randox Monza automated analyser methods respectively). The results of the research showed as follows: On complete/affinity purification, 15mls of pure sample containing only the high molecular weight Lectin was obtained. The haemagglutination tests conducted showed on standardization preferential agglutination with Blood group A type. Bar Charts statistics show that there was Post Lectin Doses injections mean increase in Total WBC, NEU, LYM and decrease in MON, EOS, BAS, Urea and Glucose levels. However, the differences in Pre and Post Lectin Doses injections mean values of these parameters were further subjected to One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test statistics to determine if statistically significant. The ANOVA statistics show that the effects of the Lectin on all the assessed Leucocytes parameters viz, Total WBC, and Differential LYM, NEU, MON, EOS, BAS, the Urea and Glucose levels were found to be statistically insignificant. However, the EOS values of only group A was statistically significant. This research has therefore succeeded in Assessment of Activities of the A. achatina snail Lectin on Leucocytes, Glucose and Urea levels.

EFEKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI BAWANG PUTIH (Allium sativum L) SEBAGAI PENGAWET ALAMI PADA IKAN LELE DUMBO (Clarias gariephinus) SEGAR

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Dyah Anggraeni ◽  
Nurlela Nurlela
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
The Body ◽  
Garlic Extract ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Natural Preservatives ◽  
Colony Counter

Background: Natural preservatives are compounds produced by natural ingredients that can suppress bacterial growth and development. Natural preservatives are carried out because most of the preservatives circulating are chemicals and unsafe for the body. One of the natural preservatives is by using garlic extract (Allium sativum L).  Objective: This study is aimed to determine the effectiveness of the antibacterial garlic (Allium sativum L) as a natural preservative in fresh African catfish (Clarias gariepinus).  Method: This research used the Pour Plate iroculation method. African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) which is soaked with garlic (Allium sativum L) with a concentration of 7%, 14% and 21% for 30 minutes, then the fish will be kept at room temperature with a storage period of 24 hours and 48 hours and calculated growth in bacterial numbers with the Colony counter.  Result: Based on the research result, it was found that garlic extract (Allium sativum L) can obstruct the effectiveness of antibacterial in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) at a concentration of 14%.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document