scholarly journals Correlation between Fetal Renal Blood Flow and Fetal Kidney Volume in Normal and Growth Restricted Fetuses

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-44
Author(s):  
Noura Magdy Sonkor ◽  
Diaa Mounir Aglan ◽  
Amr Mohamed Tawfek ◽  
Walid Mamdouh Ataallah
Keyword(s):  
Renal Artery ◽  
Blood Supply ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Kidney Volume ◽  
Fetal Kidney

Background: Some trials have shown decreased weight of fetal kidney in cases of reduced neonatal weight and infants with growth-restriction at birth.   In infants with growth-restriction due to poor nutrition, most of the fetal blood supply is directed to vital organs such as fetal heart and brain that leads to deprivation of remaining organs from its nutrients, such as kidney. This work aimed to assess whether the size of fetal kidney in cases of normal and restricted fetal growth patterns after 28 weeks could be affected by reduced fetal renal blood supply or not. Methods: This case-control trial included 60 patients who were divided into two groups: Each group composed of 30 patients; Study group: fetuses with IUGR and control group: fetuses with normal growth pattern. Results: There was no significance between both study groups as regard to age, weight, BMI, and gravidity. No significance between the studied groups regarding the clinical findings, gestational age, diabetes, HTN, congenital fetal anomalies, and previous C.S. A high significance was present among both groups as regard to measurements of renal artery Doppler. A correlation of statistical significance was noted as regard Doppler indices and kidney volume in the study group. Conclusions: The elevated pulsatility index of the renal artery of fetus in fetuses with IUGR showed -ve correlation with the volume of the fetal kidney, resulting in reduced nephron-genesis and perfusion. Restrictions in intrauterine growth are believed to be associated with a significant reduction in renal volume compared to the normal growth of fetuses. The Doppler of renal artery also reveals significant differences among study groups.

scholarly journals A randomised, open label comparative study of hydroxychloroquine with betamethasone oral mini pulse in the management of patients with alopecia areata

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Jeyasudha Jambusayee ◽  
Kulur Mukhyaprana Sudha
Keyword(s):  
Alopecia Areata ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Autoimmune Disorder ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Pulse Therapy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disorder causing patchy hair loss on scalp and other parts of the body and leading to poor self-esteem and anxiety in patients. Treatment with topical or systemic drugs like steroids or other immunosuppressants is associated with adverse effects. Hydroxychloroquine is an antimalarial drug, with T cell modulating function. This study was undertaken to assess the safety, efficacy and tolerability of Hydroxychloroquine in Alopecia areata compared to betamethasone oral mini pulse (OMP) therapy. Methods: 60 patients with alopecia areata were randomized into two groups of 30 each. Control group received tab. betamethasone 5 mg/day on two consecutive days of week for 12 weeks and Study group received tab. hydroxychloroquine 200 mg/day for 12 weeks. They were followed-up for further 12 weeks. Scale of alopecia tool, dermatology life quality index and global assessment at baseline, 12 weeks and 24 weeks were used to assess the outcome.Results: 94 patients were screened and 60 patients were included. All patients completed the study. At the end of 12 weeks, there was a statistically significant reduction in SALT and DLQI scores in both control and study groups. But at the end of 24 weeks, the study group showed an increase in the scores. Relapses were more in the study group. No significant difference in the incidence of adverse events was noted between the two groups.Conclusions: Hydroxychloroquine 200 mg/day is less efficacious in the management of alopecia areata in comparison to betamethasone oral mini pulse therapy.

VEGFR2 expressions in Th1 and CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) in colon cancer patients.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e15535-e15535
Author(s):  
Mehmet Artac ◽  
Ayca Ceylan ◽  
Melek Karakurt Eryılmaz ◽  
Murat Araz ◽  
Mustafa Karaagac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
T Cell Subsets ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Metastatic Colon Cancer ◽  
Vegf Receptors ◽  
Cancer History

e15535 Background: VEGF receptors have an important role for inhibiting adaptive immun response in colon cancer. Therefore, we analyzed VEGF receptors in circulating T cell subsets according to stage in colon cancer patients. Methods: The prospective study group consisted of 50 patients with histologically confirmed colon cancer and 30 person without any cancer history as a control group. Peripheral blood specimens were collected from the patients after the diagnosis before inducing chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Patients with active infections or autoimmune disorders, who were treated with steroids and antibiotics in the last four weeks before the study enrollment were excluded from the study group. VEGFR2 expressions in circulating T cell subsets (Th1, Th2, Th17, CTL) were analyzed by flow cyctometry. Results: Age and gender were not different between the all study groups. Mean circulating CD4+ folicullar cells were less in colon cancer patients (9.54%±3.99) than the control group (12.03%±4.34), (p < 0.01). Mean circulating CD8+ follicular cells were higher in metastatic colon cancer (n = 26) 2.48% ± 1.68, than the non-metastatic colon cancer patients (n = 24) 1.63% ± 1.37, (p = 0.02). Mean VEGFR2 expressions in Th1 cells were higher in colon cancer patients 248.8 (Mean Flourescein intensity-MFI) than the control group 224.6, (P = 0.006). Mean VEGFR2 expressions in CTL were higher in colon cancer patients (381.8) than the control group (284.7), (p < 0.001). PD-1 expressions were not different between the colon cancer patients and the control group in all circulating T cell subsets. Mean VEGFR2 expressions in Th17 cells were higher non-metastatic colon cancer patients than the metastatic colon cancer patients (326.5 and 268.4 MFI, respectively, p = 0.02). Conclusions: VEGFR2 expressions are increased in circulating Th1 and CTL subsets in colon cancer patients. Whereas PD-1 expressions were not different in circulating T cell subsets than the control. VEGFRs may play an important role for the inhibition of circulating T cell subsets in colon cancer.

scholarly journals Therapeutic benefit of aripiprazole-olanzapine combination in the treatment of senile Alzheimer’s disease complicated by mental disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 441-446
Author(s):  
Na Zheng ◽  
Ning Wang ◽  
Ji-Min Jia
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Clinical Efficacy ◽  
Lower Incidence ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Therapeutic Benefit ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group

Purpose: To determine the clinical efficacy of aripiprazole-olanzapine combination treatment in elderly Alzheimer’s disease complicated with mental disorders. Methods: Ninety-two elderly patients with Alzheimer’s disease and mental disorders who were admitted to Binzhou People's Hospital, were enrolled in the study. They were randomized into control and study groups. Control group was treated with olanzapine, while the study group was treated with aripiprazole as an adjuvant therapy in addition to olanzapine. The clinical efficacy, scores on different scales (MMSE, ADAS-cog, CDR, ADL, NPI and CMAI), and incidence of adverse reactions were determined. Results: The overall degree of response was significantly higher in the study group than in the control group (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in MMSE, ADAS-cog, CDR, ADL, NPI and CMAI scores between the two groups before treatment (p > 0.05). The MMSE score of the study group was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the scores in the other scales in the study group were significantly lower after treatment (p < 0.05). The study group had significantly lower incidence of adverse reactions than control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Aripiprazole-olanzapine combination has significant therapeutic benefit in the treatment of elderly Alzheimer’s disease patients complicated with mental disorders. It promotes recovery of neurological function, as well as produces a lower incidence of adverse reactions. Keywords: Aripiprazole, Olanzapine, Alzheimer’s disease, Mental disorders

Maternal Outcome with Discontinuation of Magnesium Sulfate immediately Postpartum in Severe Preeclampsia

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imam Bano ◽  
Pramod R Gade ◽  
Yasir Alvi
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Sulfate ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Maternal Outcome ◽  
Severe Preeclampsia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Jawaharlal Nehru

ABSTRACT Objective To assess the effectiveness of discontinuation of magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) infusion in patients with severe preeclampsia immediately postdelivery. Materials and methods In a prospective-randomized study, women with severe preeclampsia attending the Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh, India, between January 2013 and September 2014 were enrolled. The inclusion criteria were blood pressure of at least 160/110 mm Hg after 24 weeks and either of the following: Proteinuria (dipstick value. 1), platelet <100,000, and serum transaminase levels twice as normal. Participants were assigned to control and study groups according to the time of enrollment (6-month blocks). All patients received MgSO4 loading dose (4 gm intravenously), followed by maintenance doses (1 gm/hour) until delivery (study group) and 24 hours (control group). The primary outcome was occurrence of convulsions after completion of MgSO4 therapy. Patients with treatment failure were excluded from analyses. Results Analyses included 48 patients in the study group and 43 patients in the control group. No convulsions occurred in either group after the completion of treatment. Conclusion: For women with severe preeclampsia, discontinuing MgSO4 immediately after delivery could effectively prevent convulsions. How to cite this article Anjum S, Gade PR, Garg N, Bano I, Alvi Y. Maternal Outcome with Discontinuation of Magnesium Sulfate immediately Postpartum in Severe Preeclampsia. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2017;9(2):78-81.

scholarly journals Autonomic Nervous System Dysregulation in Response To Postural Change in Patients with Pectus Excavatum in Taiwan: A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Ting Hsu ◽  
Yeung-Leung Cheng ◽  
Yi-Wei Chang ◽  
Chou-Chin Lan ◽  
Yao-Kuang Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Pectus Excavatum ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Postural Change ◽  
Psychological Function ◽  
Autonomic Nervous

Abstract Background Pectus excavatum (PE) negatively impacts psychological function, but its effect on autonomic nervous system (ANS) function has not been investigated. We evaluated ANS function following postural changes in patients with PE.Methods The participants were 14 healthy men (control group) and 20 men with PE (study group). Psychological function was assessed using the visual analog scale for pain, Brief Symptom Rating Scale-5, and Beck Depression Inventory-II. Sleep quality was evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). ANS regulation in response to postural change was measured in the supine position and immediately after sitting. All measurements were compared between the control and study groups at baseline and between the study groups before and after Nuss surgery.ResultsAt baseline, upon postural change, symptomatic activity increased in the control group (50.3% to 67.4%, p=0.035) but not in the study group (55.0% to 54.9%, p=0.654); parasympathetic activity decreased in the control group (49.7% to 32.6%, p=0.035) but not in the study group (45.1% to 45.1%, p=0.654); and overall ANS regulation increased in the control group (1.02 to 2.08, p=0.030) but not in the study group (1.22 to 1.22, p=0.322). In response to postural change after Nuss surgery in the study group, sympathetic activity increased (48.7% to 70.2%, p=0.005), parasympathetic activity decreased (51.3% to 29.8%, p=0.005), and overall ANS regulation increased (0.95 to 2.36, p=0.012).Conclusion ANS function in response to postural change is dysregulated in patients with PE, which improved after Nuss surgery.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, ID: NCT03346876, November 15, 2017, retrospectively registered,https://register.clinicaltrials.gov/prs/app/action/SelectProtocol?sid=S0007KGI&selectaction=Edit&uid=U0003JZU&ts=2&cx=cstxeg

scholarly journals EFFECT OF SELECTED YOGA TECHNIQUES ALONG WITH ASHWAGANDHA AND VACHA IN DEPRESSION IN THE AGE GROUP 65–75 YEARS

2021 ◽  
pp. 65-68
Author(s):  
SOUMYA MELEPPURAKKAL ◽  
SUNITHA K ◽  
JAYAN D
Keyword(s):  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Warm Water ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Study Population

Objective: The study was done to compare the effect of selected yoga techniques, drugs, and combined therapy in depression in geriatrics. Methods: 75 patients between 65 and 75 years of age with depression were included in the study which was assessed by HAM D Score. The study population was randomly allocated to one control group and two study groups. The control group was given Aswangandha and Vacha churna with warm water as anupana after food, selected yoga techniques in the first study group, and combined yoga and the drug were given to the second study group. Outcome variables were assessed for the groups after the 30th day and follow-up after 45 days. Results: The results obtained in the study were analyzed using the ANOVA test. Yoga along with drug experienced a comparatively greater reduction in HAM-D score after treatment and follow-up (p<0.05) than other groups. Conclusion: Holistic approach can bring a better and static result than applying the treatment modalities alone.

scholarly journals Trabeculectomy with Healaflow versus Trabeculectomy for the Treatment of Glaucoma: A Case-Control Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitris Papaconstantinou ◽  
Andreas Diagourtas ◽  
Petros Petrou ◽  
Alexandros Rouvas ◽  
Athanasios Vergados ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Group Versus ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Safe Procedure ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Control Study

Purpose. To compare the outcomes of trabeculectomy with and without Healaflow (Anteis S.A, Geneva, Switzerland), a high molecular weight viscoelastic gel, in patients requiring glaucoma surgery.Methods. This was a retrospective, comparative, interventional case-control study. Forty patients formed two matched study groups and were analyzed (trabeculectomy alone (control) versus trabeculectomy with Healaflow (study)).Results. The postoperative levels of mean IOP were statistically significantly lowerP<0.05than preoperatively in both groups, for all time intervals. There was no statistical difference, at the end of the follow-up period, between the two groups in the mean values of the IOP (14.9 ± 3.2 mmHg for the study group versus 14.8 ± 3.3 mmHg for the control group). The number of antiglaucoma drugs used in the study group was reduced from a preoperative mean of 3.4 ± 0.75 to a 6-month postoperative mean of 0.6 ± 0.8P<0.001and in the control group from 3.6 ± 0.59 to 0.55 ± 0.9P<0.001.Conclusions. Although trabeculectomy with Healaflow appears to be a safe procedure, we failed to identify any significant advantages in the use of Healaflow when compared with trabeculectomy alone, at the end of the 6-month follow-up period.

scholarly journals Comparison between the effects of Aloe vera and chlorhexidine on clinical periodontal parameters

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah A. Abed ◽  
Basima Gh. Ali ◽  
Hanaa J Mohsin
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bench Mark ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Group I ◽  
Mouth Wash

Background: Periodontal diseases are one of the major dental pathologies that affect human populations worldwide at high prevalence rates The term periodontal disease usually refers only to plaque related inflammatory disease of the dental supporting tissues. Mouth rinses which act as an anti-plaque agents mostly used as adjuncts to oral hygiene. Aims of the study: To Estimate and compare the effects of Aloe vera relative to chlorhexidine on the clinical periodontal parameters (plaque index, gingival index, bleeding on probing). Material and method: A total of 44 subjects with plaque-induced gingivitis, baseline of data were collected for (PLI, GI, and BOP) and underwent oral hygiene instruction, scaling and polishing, then divided into: Study group I : 15 patients instructed to use Aloe vera mouth wash (100% pure Aloe vera juice) for home application twice daily for 7 days. Study group II: 15 patients instructed to use chlorhexidine (0.2%) mouthwash twice daily for 7 days. Control group: 14 patients instructed not to use any adjunct. Results: PLI and BOP showed significant differences between 1st and 2nd visits in all groups with the larger effects were found in chlorhexidine followed by Aloe vera while the lowest change was found in control group. GI showed significant change between 1st and 2n visits in study groups (chlorhexidine and Aloe vera groups) with the larger effects was in chlorhexidine group, while there was no significant changes were found in control group. Conclusion: chlorhexidine remain the bench mark control as adjunct to periodontal therapy but Aloe vera can be used as alternative to chlorhexidine when it cannot be used.

scholarly journals Combined effect of ultrasound-guided percutaneous abdominal paracentesis drainage and ulinastatin on severe acute pancreatitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 2187-2192
Author(s):  
Chuanmin Liu ◽  
Fei Yuan ◽  
Baowei Wang ◽  
Xuezhen Wang
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Severe Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Amylase Level ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Ultrasound Guided ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Abdominal Paracentesis

Purpose: To study the clinical effect of a combination of ultrasound-guided percutaneous abdominal paracentesis drainage (APD) and ulinastatin on severe acute pancreatitis (AP).Methods: A total of 94 patients with severe AP in Intensive Care Unit, Jiaozhou Central Hospital, Qingdao, from December 2017 to December 2018 were selected as the research subjects. They were divided into control and study groups, with 47 patients in each group. Patients in the control group underwent laparotomy drainage, while patients in the study group underwent ultrasound-guidedpercutaneous APD. Patients in both groups received ulinastatin perfusion. Subsequently, clinical effectsand other relevant indicators were determined.Results: Overall response was significantly higher in the study group than in the control group (p < 0.05). The times taken for disappearance of postoperative symptoms, normalization of serum amylase level, and hospitalization were significantly shorter in the study group than in the control group (p < 0.05). For every indicator, the study group exhibited more benefits after than before treatment; however, post-treatment levels of blood glucose, hemodiastase and urinary amylase were better than those in the control group (p < 0.05). Incidence of postoperative complications was lower in the study group than in control group (p < 0.05).Conclusion: The combination of ultrasound-guided percutaneous APD with ulinastatin produces marked beneficial effects on severe AP patients. It facilitates the remission of adverse symptoms, and enhances  normalization of indicator levels. Moreover, it displays low incidence of complications, better prognosis and recovery, and absence of post-operation infections.

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