scholarly journals Review on Pharmacoscintigraphy

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
P. V. Kamala Kumari ◽  
S. Anitha ◽  
Y. Srinivasa Rao
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Route Of Administration ◽  
The Body ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Preclinical Studies ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Release Mechanisms ◽  
Diagnostic Agents ◽  
Invaluable Tool

Pharmacoscintigraphy is a non-invasive technique for determining the fate of drugs after administration into humans. Collecting valuable information through the pharmacoscintigraphy about absorption and release mechanisms of drugs from formulations, and thus proving to be an invaluable tool in developing newer and more effective formulations. Such studies can be used to determine the behavior of drugs, formulation as well as diagnostic agents that are administered. In this technique, radiolabelled formulations are administered to patients by their intended route of administration. Their transit through the body is monitored using sophisticated imaging cameras. Since the amount of radiotracer that is used is very low, this is a safe, efficient, and accurate method for studying the behavior of drugs in the human body. Preclinical studies of newer drugs have successfully been carried out using the pharmacoscintigraphic technique. 

scholarly journals Automated Non-invasive Diagnosis of Melanoma Skin Cancer using Dermo-scopic Images

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 03029
Author(s):  
Huda Khan ◽  
Anushka Yadav ◽  
Reha Santiago ◽  
Sangita Chaudhari
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Skin Biopsy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Malignant Skin ◽  
Keywords Melanoma ◽  
Biopsy Method ◽  
Melanoma Skin

Melanoma skin cancer is one of the deadliest cancers today, the rate of which is rising exponentially. If not detected and treated early, it will most likely spread to other parts of the body. To properly detect melanoma, a skin biopsy is required. This is an invasive technique which is why the need for a diagnosis system that can eradicate the skin biopsy method arises. It is observed that the proposed method is successfully detecting and correctly classifying the malignant and non-malignant skin cancer. Finally, a neural network is used to classify benign and malignant images from the extracted features. Keywords: Melanoma, non-invasive, skin lesion, neural network.

Development of a non-invasive blood sugar sensor

Impact ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (8) ◽  
pp. 38-40
Author(s):  
Koichi Yamakawa
Keyword(s):  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Blood Sugar Level ◽  
Research Team ◽  
The Body ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Finger Prick

A person with diabetes mellitus, which is commonly referred to as diabetes and exists in two forms (type 1 and type 2) must inject themselves with insulin to manage their blood sugar level. This is because the disease causes a person's blood sugar level to become too high and insulin, a hormone produced in the pancreas, helps the body to use sugar for energy. In type 1 diabetes the body's immune system attacks and destroys the cells that produce insulin and in type 2 the pancreas is unable to make enough insulin or the insulin it does make doesn't work properly. As such, in both types of the disease, insulin must be injected into the body and injecting becomes an essential part of the daily regimes of people with diabetes. As you can imagine, this, coupled with the need to regularly check blood sugar with finger prick tests, can be inconvenient as well as painful. In addition, there is the risk of infection. However, there is currently no alternative. A Japan-based research team is working on developing a non-invasive technique for measuring blood glucose.

scholarly journals Using Thermal Imaging to Monitor Body Temperature of Koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus) in A Zoo Setting

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Narayan ◽  
Annabella Perakis ◽  
Will Meikle
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Native Species ◽  
The Body ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Phascolarctos Cinereus ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Imaging Tool ◽  
Potential Applicability ◽  
Invasive Techniques

Non-invasive techniques can be applied for monitoring the physiology and behaviour of wildlife in Zoos to improve management and welfare. Thermal imaging technology has been used as a non-invasive technique to measure the body temperature of various domesticated and wildlife species. In this study, we evaluated the application of thermal imaging to measure the body temperature of koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus) in a Zoo environment. The aim of the study was to determine the body feature most suitable for recording a koala’s body temperature (using coefficient of variation scores). We used a FLIR530TM IR thermal imaging camera to take images of each individual koala across three days in autumn 2018 at the Wildlife Sydney Zoo, Australia. Our results demonstrated that koalas had more than one reliable body feature for recording body temperature using the thermal imaging tool—the most reliable features were eyes and abdomen. This study provides first reported application of thermal imaging on an Australian native species in a Zoo and demonstrates its potential applicability as a humane/non-invasive technique for assessing the body temperature as an index of stress.

Desain Alat Ukur Kadar Asam Urat Non-Invasive Dengan Sensor Near Infrared

Lontara ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-81
Author(s):  
Usman Umar ◽  
Hasmah Hasmah ◽  
Risnawaty Alyah ◽  
Anita Nur Syam
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Linear Equations ◽  
Test Strip ◽  
Prediction Equation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Blood Uric Acid ◽  
Invasive Techniques

Gout disease or commonly known as gout arthritis is a disease caused by the accumulation of monosodium urate crystals in the body. Monitoring blood uric acid levels is currently still using invasive techniques by taking blood samples to be included in the test strip, this invasive technique measurement requires money and time to come to health clinics so that many people cannot monitor blood uric acid levels on a regular basis. This study aims to develop a measuring instrument for monitoring blood uric acid levels using sensors by utilizing the absorption and reflectance of infrared rays so that gout sufferers and other individuals can monitor blood uric acid levels regularly and are easy to use. The method of developing non-invasive techniques focuses on monitoring blood uric acid levels using a NIR sensor with an IR LED with a wavelength of 940 nm as a transmitter and a photodiode as a detector at a wavelength of 700-1300 nm and a microcontroller as a minimum system for control. The first stage is measuring uric acid levels with invasive techniques on participants and at the same time measuring voltages with sensors, the results with invasive techniques are correlated with sensor output voltages to obtain non-linear equations in polynomial form, for conversion programs on the microcontroller. The second stage is measuring uric acid levels with invasive techniques and invasive measurements on participants at the same time. Both monitoring results were analyzed by simple ANOVA statistics and calculated SEP and RMSE to determine the accuracy of the prediction equation and its accuracy value.

Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry is a valid tool for assessing in vivo body composition of broilers

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Angelica Gonçalves ◽  
Nilva Kazue Sakomura ◽  
Edney Pereira da Silva ◽  
Silvana Martinez Baraldi Artoni ◽  
Rafael Massami Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Non Invasive

The use of non-invasive techniques to estimate body composition in animals in vivo conforms to the desire to improve the welfare of animals during research and also has the potential to advance scientific research. The purpose of the present study was to determine a predictive equation of the dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) method for broilers by comparing the measurement of body composition using DXA with that by chemical analysis. In total, 720 day-old Cobb500 broilers were distributed into a split-plot arrangement 3 (crude protein concentrations of diets) × 2 (genders) × 2 (methods of chemical body evaluation), with six replications of 20 birds each. To promote the modification of the body composition of broilers, diets varied in the crude protein concentration, which was 70%, 100% and 130% of the required. Two hundred and sixteen birds in different ages were evaluated by its bodyweight, lean, fat and ash contents. The data were submitted to ANOVA and it was demonstrated that the dietary crude protein levels applied allowed a greater variation of the body composition of the birds. Also, the results indicated that the DXA method did not predict fat mass, lean mass or bone mineral content as well as did chemical composition analysis, resulting in the need to develop regression equations for improving the in vivo prediction of these chemical components. The regression equations developed here enable the feather-free body composition of individual broilers to be directly estimated throughout growth using the DXA non-invasive technique.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF THE ACTIVITY OF REFLEXOGENIC ZONES OF THE BODY DURING THE PERFORMANCE OF STATIC EXERCISE OF HATHA YOGA (DHANURASANA)

2021 ◽  
pp. 111-115
Author(s):  
Olena Musiyenko ◽  
Roman Chopyk ◽  
Nataliya Kizlo
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Human Body ◽  
The Body ◽  
Hatha Yoga ◽  
Acupuncture Points ◽  
Static Exercise ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Representative Points

By measuring the electrical conductivity of different meridians of the human body data can be obtained to demonstrate the meridian energies. Such non-invasive methods are used to stimulate acupuncture points on the meridians. There is a need to confirm the effectiveness of mechanisms of acupuncture for the human body using scientific methods. Measuring the electrical conductivity of different meridians provides indicators for interpretation. The aim of our study is to establish the possibility of using the method of studying the effect of exercise on the body by means of acupuncture diagnostics according to J.Nakatani’s method on the example of static exercise, which is performed similarly to Dhanurasana (outside the bow in Hatha Yoga). Ten female students were examined. Measurements were taken before the exercise, during and after the exercise after 6 minutes. The results of the research showed significant changes in the indicators of electrical activity in the representative points of the meridians of the body. An increase in electrical activity in the meridians of the human body, which are responsible for the functions of the respiratory, cardiovascular systems, kidneys and adrenal glands, gallbladder, small and large intestines, spleen, pancreas, liver and bladder, and its decrease in the meridian of the stomach. The method of acupuncture diagnostics chosen allows determining the electrical activity of the meridians of the human body during static exercise. It is possible to offer use of this technique of research of influence of physical exercises on a human body along with other generally accepted scientific methods.

scholarly journals Design of Instrumentation in Detecting Blood Sugar Levels with Non-Invasive Technique Base on IoT (Internet of Things)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.15) ◽  
pp. 440
Author(s):  
Eko Agus Suprayitno ◽  
Akhmad Setiawan ◽  
Rohman Dijaya
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
The Body ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Industry Standard ◽  
Sugar Levels ◽  
Internet Of Things Technology ◽  
Reading Distance

Diabetes mellitus is a disease with metabolic disorders that result from defects in insulin secretion, which results in hyperglycemia with impaired carbohydrates, fats and body proteins. Diabetes mellitus can be known by measuring blood sugar levels which are generally done by injuring the body (Invasive) for blood. Normal blood sugar values range from 70 - 200 mg/dL. For people with diabetes mellitus, checking blood sugar is an important thing to do to maintain their body condition. In this study made Instrumentation detection of blood sugar levels non-invasive (does not hurt the body). This study uses the MAX30100 sensor as a non-invasive measure of blood sugar levels, because to determine blood sugar levels is only done by attaching the index finger to the sensor, and does not hurt the fingers. The value of blood sugar levels in this instrumentation is displayed on LCD and Android smartphones. For serial communication, Instrumentation with Android smartphones is done with IoT (Internet Of Things) technology to make it easier for medical officers to monitor the condition of diabetics through remote Android smartphones. From the results of testing Non-invasive blood sugar detection instrumentation with industry standard blood sugar measurement (Invasive), the accuracy of blood sugar readings was 90.3% with a deviation of 1.2 - 39.6 mg/dL. Tests were carried out on 14 Normal patients and people with diabetes mellitus. Reading distance reading Non-invasive blood sugar detection instrumentation with an Android Smartphone can reach a distance of 823 Km as long as Instrumentation is connected to the internet. Tests have been carried out in several cities including Sidoarjo, North Jakarta, Sidoarjo-Lamongan, Sidoarjo-Kediri. 

Anthropometric Assessment of the Mass Distribution Characteristics of the Living Human Body

1976 ◽  
Vol 20 (16) ◽  
pp. 379-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. McConville ◽  
Charles E. Clauser
Keyword(s):  
Mass Distribution ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
The Body ◽  
Distribution Characteristics ◽  
Body Segments ◽  
Principal Moments Of Inertia ◽  
Distribution Parameters ◽  
First Time ◽  
Anthropometric Assessment

Knowledge of the mass distribution parameters of the human body is essential for the understanding of human kinetics. A significant problem has been the development of a convenient and accurate method for measuring these parameters on the living. This paper reports two studies undertaken (1) to establish, for the first time, the principal moments of inertia of the body and body segments, and (2) to validate a stereometric technique for assessing mass distribution parameters of the living human body.

scholarly journals BOST : BOOST YOUR GINGIVAL HEALTH IN A SINGLE DAY

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaurav Shetty ◽  
Kashmira Ghangrekar ◽  
Dipika Mitra ◽  
Rohit Shah ◽  
Ankit Desai
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Invasive Surgery ◽  
The Body ◽  
Invasive Treatment ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Novel Technique ◽  
Gingival Health ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
The Right

INTRODUCTION: - BOST or Bone One Session Treatment, is a new treatment in tackling the problems of severe gingival disease. The treatment was pioneered by Dr. William Hoisington in the year 2005 for the non-invasive treatment of periodontal disease. METHODOLOGY: - BOST is a one session treatment that treats periodontitis at the source of the infection - Periodontium. After any injury, the human body has the capacity of healing and repair. The treatment takes around four to five hours and requires no invasive surgery. It is fast, comfortable and almost certain to be successful. The technique used in BOST is called the ‘stretch flap’ method. CONCLUSION:- BOST is a novel technique that creates the right circumstances to allow the body to heal and regenerate itself. Key Words: Periodontal therapy, BOST, Periodontitis, TIP

Early Diabetes Discovery From Tongue Images

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Safia Naveed ◽  
Geetha G ◽  
Leninisha S
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Texture Features ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Early Diabetes ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Internal Structures ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Sugar Levels

Abstract Medical imaging shows the internal structures hidden in the skin and bone to diagnose the disease. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder that causes high blood sugar levels due to the inadequate secretion of insulin or the body does not respond properly to the secreted insulin. This paper proposes a non-invasive method to detect DM at an early stage based on the physiognomy extracted from tongue images. The tongue extends to identify the disease of a human body. However, unpredictable response of the human body parts such as the stomach, pancreas, liver and intestines revert in the tongue. The changes in the tongue ensure the dereliction of the internal organs of the human being. The changes are difference in the color and surface of the tongue. Processing of tongue image is done by fractional order Darwinian particle swarm optimization (FODPSO) algorithm. The system framework involves obtaining the image, alluring of the image, identifying the texture and color feature and finally classified as normal or diabetic. In this paper, the authors propose to diagnose DM at an early stage from tongue digital image. The tongue image is acquired and processed with FODPSO to extract edge and texture features. Tongue reflects and diagnoses diabetes in a person.

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