Assessment of the immunomodulatory effect of Aloe vera polysaccharides extracts on macrophages functions

2020 ◽  
pp. 408
Author(s):  
Berenice Aranda-Cuevas ◽  
Jorge Tamayo- Cortez ◽  
Lourdes Vargas y Vargas ◽  
Ignacio Islas- Flores ◽  
Víctor Arana- Argáez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Immunomodulatory Effect ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Proliferative Effect

The present study evaluates the immunomodulatory effect of high molecular weight fractions of Aloe vera polysaccharides harvested during the dry season (March-April) and the rainy season (August-September). Peritoneal macrophages (MΦs) secluded from Balb/c mice underwent treatment with A. vera leaves extract and acemannan standard (the major component found in A. vera) and stimulated with lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Macrophage cell viability was assessed by the 3-(4,5- dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide method. Phagocytic activity was also evaluated in peritoneal macrophages, such as the production of nitric oxide and interleukin 6 (IL-6). In the results, found that the A. vera polysaccharides harvested during the rainy season stimulated the phagocytic activity with greater intensity than dry season and improvement NO and IL-6 production. No cytotoxic effect was found on cell viability and they cause a significant proliferative effect on macrophages in a concentration-dependent manner. It can be concluded that the A. vera polysaccharides harvested during the rainy season possessed a stronger immunostimulatory effect compared to the extracts from leaves obtained during dry seasons in a concentration-dependent manner without aff at the cell viability of macrophages.

scholarly journals Cytotoxic Effects of Flubendazole in Human Lung Cancer Cell Line A549

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elham Hoveizi ◽  
Fatemeh Fakharzadeh Jahromi
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Beclin 1 ◽  
Human Lung Cancer ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Acridine Orange Staining

Background: The development of effective anticancer drugs is a significant health issue. Previous studies showed that members of the benzimidazole family have anticancer effects on several cancers Objectives: The present study investigated the cytotoxic effect of flubendazole on A549 human lung cancer cells. Methods: The A549 cells were treated with flubendazole at 1, 2, 5, and 10 µM concentrations for three days. Cell viability was measured by the MTT assay and Acridine orange staining. Also, the expressions of P62 and Beclin -1 were analyzed by qRT-PCR analysis. Results: Cell viability of A549 cells, in a concentration-dependent manner, showed significant differences between the treatment and control groups, and the IC50 value was determined to be 2 µM. Also, flubendazole reduced the expression of P62 and increased the expression of Beclin 1 in treated cells. Conclusions: Flubendazole induces cell death in A549 cells in a dose and time-dependent manner and can offer new factors in lung cancer therapeutic strategies.

scholarly journals In Vitro Antioxidant Capacity and Neuronal Cell Toxicity of Roots of Ostericum koreanum Maximowicz

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1451-1455
Author(s):  
Ramalingam Mahesh ◽  
Hyo Won Jung ◽  
Jun Hong Park ◽  
Yong-Ki Park
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Ostericum Koreanum

Ostericum koreanummaximowicz (Umbelliferae), a medicinal herb in Korean Oriental Medicine, has been applied to treat cold, headache, neuralgia and arthralgia. The ethyl acetate fraction ofO. koreanumroot was subjected toin vitroantioxidant activity with different methods for free radical scavenging activities. In addition, the cell viability and nitric oxide release assays were performed here for the first time in neuroblastoma (Neuro-2a) cell cultures. Among all the tested methods, the ethyl acetate fraction was expressed very active, exhibiting a good Trolox equivalent values and IC50, comparable to that of the commercial antioxidants, Trolox and ascorbic acid, respectively. The results showed that there was a reduction of cell viability by the fraction in a concentration dependent manner. These results suggest thatO. koreanumshows good antioxidant activitiesin vitroby inhibiting free radicals. These findings provide a rationale for thein vivotesting. Also, the major constituents behind the antioxidant mechanisms of this fraction warrant further study.

scholarly journals Protective Activity of Aspirin Eugenol Ester on Paraquat-Induced Cell Damage in SH-SY5Y Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Zhen-Dong Zhang ◽  
Ya-Jun Yang ◽  
Zhe Qin ◽  
Xi-Wang Liu ◽  
Shi-Hong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Human Neuroblastoma ◽  
Aspirin Eugenol Ester

Aspirin eugenol ester (AEE) is a new pharmaceutical compound esterified by aspirin and eugenol, which has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and other pharmacological activities. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of AEE on paraquat- (PQ-) induced cell damage of SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells and its potential molecular mechanism. There was no significant change in cell viability when AEE was used alone. PQ treatment reduced cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner. However, AEE reduced the PQ-induced loss of cell viability. Flow cytometry, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL), and 4 ′ 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining were used to evaluate cell apoptosis. Compared with the PQ group, AEE pretreatment could significantly inhibit PQ-induced cell damage. AEE pretreatment could reduce the cell damage of SH-SY5Y cells induced by PQ via reducing superoxide anion, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) and increasing the levels of mitochondrial membrane potential ( Δ Ψ m ). At the same time, AEE could increase the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and decrease the activity of malondialdehyde (MDA). The results showed that compared with the control group, the expression of p-PI3K, p-Akt, and Bcl-2 was significantly decreased, while the expression of caspase-3 and Bax was significantly increased in the PQ group. In the AEE group, AEE pretreatment could upregulate the expression of p-PI3K, p-Akt, and Bcl-2 and downregulate the expression of caspase-3 and Bax in SH-SY5Y cells. PI3K inhibitor LY294002 and the silencing of PI3K by shRNA could weaken the protective effect of AEE on PQ-induced SH-SY5Y cells. Therefore, AEE has a protective effect on PQ-induced SH-SY5Y cells by regulating the PI3K/Akt signal pathway to inhibit oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Antitumor Effects of Nordihydroguaiaretic Acid (NDGA) in Bladder T24 Cancer Cells are Related to Increase in ROS Production and Mitochondrial Leak Respiration

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1801301
Author(s):  
Gustavo Ignacio Vázquez-Cervantesa ◽  
Karla Villaseñor-Aguayoa ◽  
Jacqueline Hernández-Damiána ◽  
Omar Emiliano Aparicio-Trejoa ◽  
Omar Noel Medina-Camposa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Annexin V ◽  
Nordihydroguaiaretic Acid ◽  
Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain ◽  
Cellular Respiration ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Antitumor Effects ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
T24 Cells ◽  
Iodide Solution

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) on tumor bladder T24 cells. Bladder cancer T24 cells were cultured on Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium in presence of NDGA. Cell viability and apoptosis were evaluated after 24, 48 and 72 h by using fluorescein diacetate (FDA) and Alexa fluor 488 annexin-V/propidium iodide solution, respectively. To determine the mitochondrial effects of NDGA (0-24 h), reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels by dihydroethidium fluorescence, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) by 5,5’,6,6'-tetrachloro-1,1’,3,3'-tetraethyl-imidacarbocyanine iodide (JC-1) dual fluorescence and cellular respiration states by high resolution respirometry were evaluated. It was found that NDGA reduced T24 cell viability after 72 h of incubation in a concentration-dependent manner and apoptosis increased at 48 h. Furthermore, 20 μM NDGA increased ROS levels, decreased ΔΨm and promoted leak of respiration from mitochondrial respiratory chain in T24 cells which was associated to the death of tumor cells. Taken together these results suggested that antitumor effects of NDGA in T24 cells are related to its ability to induce mitochondrial alteration.

scholarly journals Antitumor and apoptotic effects of bergaptol are mediated via mitochondrial death pathway and cell cycle arrest in human breast carcinoma cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-Cheng Ge ◽  
Xiang Qu ◽  
He-Fen Yu ◽  
Hui-Ming Zhang ◽  
Zi-Han Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Cell Cycle Arrest ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Cycle Arrest ◽  
Apoptotic Effects ◽  
Mcf 7

<p class="Abstract">The aim of the present research work was to investigate the anti-cancer and apoptotic effects of bergaptol in human breast cancer cells (MCF-7). The effects on cell cycle arrest and caspase activation were evaluated. MTT assay was used to evaluate the effect of the compound on cell viability. Cellular morphology was demonstrated by fluorescence microscopy. Flow cytometry was used to analyze effect of bergaptol on cell cycle and apoptosis. The results revealed that bergaptol induced dose-dependent cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 cell viability showing IC<sub>50</sub> value of 52.2 µM. Bergaptol induced both early and late apoptosis in concentration-dependent manner. After treatment with bergaptol, an increase in the proportion of cells in the S-phase (37.2, 45.3 and 65.1% as compared to 28.6% in untreated cells) and a reduction in the fraction of cells in the G1 phase (44.1, 41.6 and 35.2% as compared to 51.2% in the untreated cells) was observed.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Protective Effects of Aqueous Extracts of Flos lonicerae Japonicae against Hydroquinone-Induced Toxicity in Hepatic L02 Cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanfang Gao ◽  
Huanwen Tang ◽  
Liang Xiong ◽  
Lijun Zou ◽  
Wenjuan Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Flos Lonicerae ◽  
L02 Cells ◽  
Flos Lonicerae Japonicae

Hydroquinone (HQ) is widely used in food stuffs and is an occupational and environmental pollutant. Although the hepatotoxicity of HQ has been demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo, the prevention of HQ-induced hepatotoxicity has yet to be elucidated. In this study, we focused on the intervention effect of aqueous extracts of Flos lonicerae Japonicae (FLJ) on HQ-induced cytotoxicity. We demonstrated that HQ reduced cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner by administering 160 μmol/L HQ for 12 h as the positive control of cytotoxicity. The aqueous FLJ extracts significantly increased cell viability and decreased LDH release, ALT, and AST in a concentration-dependent manner compared with the corresponding HQ-treated groups in hepatic L02 cells. This result indicated that aqueous FLJ extracts could protect the cytotoxicity induced by HQ. HQ increased intracellular MDA and LPO and decreased the activities of GSH, GSH-Px, and SOD in hepatic L02 cells. In addition, aqueous FLJ extracts significantly suppressed HQ-stimulated oxidative damage. Moreover, HQ promoted DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and the level of 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine and apoptosis. However, aqueous FLJ extracts reversed HQ-induced DNA damage and apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner. Overall, our results demonstrated that the toxicity of HQ was mediated by intracellular oxidative stress, which activated DNA damage and apoptosis. The findings also proved that aqueous FLJ extracts exerted protective effects against HQ-induced cytotoxicity in hepatic L02 cells.

Dexamethasone Inhibits the Production of Thromboxane B2 and Leukotriene B4 by Human Alveolar and Peritoneal Macrophages in Culture

1984 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 653-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard W. Fuller ◽  
Christopher R. Kelsey ◽  
Peter J. Cole ◽  
Colin T. Dollery ◽  
John MacDermot
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Leukotriene B4 ◽  
Thromboxane B2 ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Opsonized Zymosan ◽  
Zymosan A ◽  
Stimulation Of

1. Cultured human alveolar and peritoneal macrophages have been shown to release thromboxane B2 and leukotriene B4. 2. The release was facilitated by stimulation of the macrophages with opsonized zymosan A (1.2 mg/ml). 3. The release was inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner by incubation of the cells with dexamethasone (1 nmol/l to 1 μmol/l).

scholarly journals Anti-proliferation of Melanoma Cells and Immune Stimulation by the Cyanobacterial Indole-alkaloid Scytonemin

Fine Focus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-63
Author(s):  
Jadon Evans ◽  
Aaron Jones ◽  
Elliott Blumenthal ◽  
Tanya Soule
Keyword(s):  
Tritiated Thymidine ◽  
Indole Alkaloid ◽  
Melanoma Cells ◽  
Thymidine Uptake ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Proliferative Effect

Under the stress of ultraviolet radiation some cyanobacteria synthesize scytonemin, a protective pigment against DNA photodamage. In addition to photoprotection, scytonemin has been shown to have an anti-proliferative effect on various types of malignant cells. In this study the effect of scytonemin on melanoma and spleen cells was assessed both in vitro using tissue cultures and in vivo in mice models. Melanoma and spleen cells were exposed to 0.08 to 10 μM of scytonemin, and cell proliferation was measured using tritiated thymidine uptake. The data suggest that scytonemin acts as an inhibitor for melanoma cells in a concentration-dependent manner while enhancing the proliferation of spleen cells, suggesting that it can potentially augment the immune response. Furthermore, mice injected with melanoma cells and scytonemin produced fewer tumors than mice that did not receive scytonemin, although the data were not significant. This study adds to the growing body of research that scytonemin may be beneficial as a future anticancer agent to prevent tumor cell growth.

scholarly journals Baicalein inhibits cell development in papillary thyroid cancer by regulating miR-206/RAP1B pathway

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 1383-1388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Wang ◽  
Liang Guo ◽  
Zhong Liang ◽  
Jianlin Lou ◽  
Jianqiang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Papillary Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
And Control ◽  
Interfering Rna

Purpose: To investigate the therapeutic effect of baicalein on papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) cells in vitro and its underlying molecular mechanism.Methods: The human PTC cell line TPC-1 was divided into five groups and treated with distilled water or baicalein at 10, 20, 50, or 100 μM. Next, miR-206, miR-206 inhibitor, the respective negative controls of miR-206 and miR-206 inhibitor, RAP1B small interfering RNA (siRNA), and control vector siRNA were synthesized and transfected into TPC-1 cells. Cell viability, migration, and invasion were measured using the 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and Transwell assays. miR-206 expression and Ras-related protein (RAP1B) levels were assessed by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, respectively.Results: Baicalein inhibited TPC-1 cell viability, migration and invasion, upregulated miR-206 expression, and reduced the RAP1B level in a concentration-dependent manner (p < 0.01). miR-206 negatively regulated RAP1B expression and increased the baicalein-induced reduction of RAP1B expression. Moreover, RAP1B overexpression relieved the suppression of cell viability, migration, and invasion caused by baicalein (p < 0.01).Conclusion: Baicalein suppresses cell growth in PTC cells by regulating the miR-206/RAP1B pathway, providing a new therapeutic strategy for PTC treatment. Keywords: Baicalein, Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), miR-206, RAP1B, Cell viability, Cell invasion

scholarly journals CROCIN PROMOTES APOPTOSIS IN HUMAN EBV-TRANSFORMED B-LYMPHOCYTE VIA INTRINSIC PATHWAY

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. e2021049
Author(s):  
Abdolreza Sotoodeh Jahromi ◽  
Mohammad Kargar ◽  
Farshid Kafilzadeh ◽  
Marzieh Jamalidoust ◽  
Maliheh Moradzadeh
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
B Cell ◽  
B Lymphocyte ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Annexin V ◽  
Lymphoproliferative Disorders ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Intrinsic Pathway ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner

Background: As a major carotenoid in saffron, crocin demonstrates potent anti-cancer impacts. However, its anti-lymphoma effects remain vague, especially in the human EBV-associated B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders. This study examined crocin's apoptogenic potential and its underlying mechanism in CO 88BV59-1 cell line vs. normal human peripheral blood B cells. Methods: CO 88BV59-1 cells were treated with crocin alone or in combination with vincristine for up to 72 h. The cell viability was examined using a resazurin assay. Flow cytometry using annexin V and propidium iodide labeling was performed to detect apoptotic cells. Also, the expression levels of genes and proteins involved in apoptosis (CASP3, CASP8, CASP9, P53, Bax, and Bcl-2) were respectively determined via real-time PCR and Western blot analysis. Results: Crocin concentration-dependently reduced cell viability in CO 88BV59-1 cells with no significant toxicity toward normal B cells. Similar to vincristine, crocin significantly increased apoptosis in these cells during 72 h of incubation. Furthermore, the combination of crocin (80 μM) and vincristine (1 μM) enhanced apoptosis in CO 88BV59-1 cells. Therefore, this synergistic effect was detected in human EBV-transformed B-lymphocyte. CASP3, CASP9, P53, and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio expressions were significantly raised in CO 88BV59-1 cells, whereas CASP8 was unaltered. It was proposed that crocin promoted apoptosis in CO 88BV59-1 cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner via the induction of the intrinsic pathway. Conclusion: The results suggest that crocin may serve as a good alternative/coadjuvant to vincristine in EBV-associated B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders. Keywords: Crocin, CO 88BV59-1 cells, EBV-associated B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders, apoptosis

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