EDUKASI MANFAAT PIJAT BAYI, UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KESEHATAN PADA BAYI SELAMA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI DESA TELAGAWARU LOMBOK BARAT

ABSTRAKPijat bayi merupakan upaya meningkatkan kesehatan pada bayi balita pada upaya promotif terutama pada masa pandemi covid19, Pijat merupakan terapi sentuh tertua dan terpopuler yang dikenal. Pijat bertujuan untuk menghilangkan rasa sakit dan mengembalikan tubuh menjadi segar kembali. Sentuhan pijat bayi akan merangsang produksi hormon betha endorprin yang akan membantu mekanisme pertumbuhan dan merangsang produksi hormon oksitosin dan menurunkan produksi hormon kortisol sehingga bayi dan balita menjadi rileks dan tenang sehingga perkembangannya akan lebih optimal. Selain itu pijat memiliki beberapa efek positif dalam hal penambahan berat badan, pola tidur yang lebih baik, peningkatan perkembangan neuromotorik, ikatan emosional yang lebih baik, penurunan tingkat infeksi nosokomial salah satunya common cold. Solusi permasalahan yang ditawarkan yaitu edukasi manfaat pijat bayi untuk meningkatkan kesehatan bayi selama masa pandemia Covid-19. Setelah diberikan edukasi tentang manfaat pijat bayi, ibu balita dibekali modul yang dapat dipelajari di rumah dapat mempraktikan pijat bayi di rumah. Jumlah responden yang mengikuti kegiatan ini sebanyak 11 ibu yang memiliki bayi. Hasil pengabdian didapatkan pengetahuan ibu meningkat tentang pijat bayi yaitu sebanyak 46%. Kata kunci: pijat bayi; balita; pandemi covid19 ABSTRACTBaby massage is an effort to improve the health of infants under five in promotive efforts, especially during the covid19 pandemic. Massage is the oldest and most popular touch therapy known. Massage aims to relieve pain and restore the body to be fresh again. The touch of a baby massage will stimulate the production of beta-endorphins which will help the growth mechanism and stimulate the production of the hormone oxytocin and reduce the production of the hormone cortisol so that babies and toddlers become relaxed and calm so that their development will be more optimal. In addition, massage has several positive effects in terms of weight gain, better sleep patterns, increased neuromotor development, better emotional bonds, decreased levels of nosocomial infections, one of which is the common cold. The solution to the problem offered is education on the benefits of baby massage to improve the baby's health during the Covid-19 pandemic. After being given education about the benefits of baby massage, mothers of toddlers are provided with modules that can be studied at home and can practice baby massage at home. The number of respondents who participated in this activity were 11 mothers who had babies. The results of the service showed that the mother's knowledge increased about infant massage as much as 46%. Keywords: baby massage ; toddlers; the covid pandemic 19

Effects of Compost-Bedded Pack Barn on Circulating Cortisol and Beta-Endorphins in Dairy Cows: A Case Study

The up-to-date literature suggests that the compost-bedded pack barn housing system is capable of remarkably improving productive and reproductive performance, as well as health status and welfare, in dairy cattle. However, there is currently limited knowledge available on the endocrine and biochemical changes in animals housed in such alternative systems. Therefore, this study aimed to measure blood cortisol (COR) and beta-endorphins (BE) in 22 two-year-old primiparae Fleckvieh cows, who were randomly allotted to the following two different housing systems: CB (n = 11) and FB (n = 11). Blood samples were collected at the beginning of the experiment (T0) and every two months thereafter (T1, T2, and T3). The COR and BE were measured through an immunoenzymatic kit. With the only exception being T0, no differences were observed over time between the two groups, neither for COR nor for BE. However, the blood cortisol levels of the CB cows decreased over time, while a T1 peak was identified in the FB group. On the contrary, both the housing systems displayed numerically higher BE at T3 than at the other experimental times. Therefore, the overall data suggest that the compost-bedded pack barn did not significantly affect the studied parameters. Accordingly, cow welfare should be assessed using a wider panel of animal-based indicators.

Yoga as an Adjunct for Management of Opioid Dependence Syndrome: A Nine-Month Follow-Up Case Report

Opioid dependence syndrome (ODS) is a chronic relapsing remitting condition associated with significant impairment and mortality risk. Opioid substitution therapy is used worldwide, but long-term retention rates are low and there is risk of misuse and diversion. Yoga practice can improve quality of life, reduce chronic pain, and enhance endogenous opioids (beta-endorphins). We describe a case of ODS where yoga was added to the conventional management and who was followed up for 9 months. Assessments were done for clinical symptoms, urine drug screening, plasma beta-endorphins, and Buprenorphine dosage. We observed an improvement in his clinical symptoms and reduction in the requirements for Buprenorphine. A slight increase in basal plasma beta-endorphin levels was also observed at the 9-month follow-up (from 2.02 pmol/L at baseline to 6.51 pmol/L).

A Runner’s High for New Neurons? Potential Role for Endorphins in Exercise Effects on Adult Neurogenesis

Physical exercise has wide-ranging benefits to cognitive functioning and mental state, effects very closely resembling enhancements to hippocampal functioning. Hippocampal neurogenesis has been implicated in many of these mental benefits of exercise. However, precise mechanisms behind these effects are not well known. Released peripherally during exercise, beta-endorphins are an intriguing candidate for moderating increases in neurogenesis and the related behavioral benefits of exercise. Although historically ignored due to their peripheral release and status as a peptide hormone, this review highlights reasons for further exploring beta-endorphin as a key mediator of hippocampal neurogenesis. This includes possible routes for beta-endorphin signaling into the hippocampus during exercise, direct effects of beta-endorphin on cell proliferation and neurogenesis, and behavioral effects of manipulating endogenous opioid signaling. Together, beta-endorphin appears to be a promising mechanism for understanding the specific ways that exercise promotes adult neurogenesis specifically and brain health broadly.

Mother's hand tool as a skin-to-skin contact simulation instrument decreases pain levels in newborns

BACKGROUNDSensory stimulation activates the gate control mechanism, raises the level of beta endorphins, and the secretion of beta endorphins increases the pain threshold, reducing or eliminating the feeling of pain. It has been reported that skin-to-skin contact or sensual stimulation reduces stress, pain and crying time in newborns. The present study aimed to examine the effect of the mother’s hand tool (MHT) - developed by the researchers for three purposes: touch, positioning and vibration - on pain levels in newborns. METHODSA quasi-experimental study was conducted involving 52 newborns aged 0-15 days who were being treated in the neonatal intensive care unit. The MHT was applied to support the newborn and was applied 8 times in 24 hours for 3 minutes in total. Demographic data collection form (DDCF), neonatal evaluation form (NEF) to assess the respiratory rate, pulse rate, SPO2 and CO2 level, and neonatal infant pain scale (NIPS) were used to collect data. The Wilcoxon signed rank test was applied to analyse the data. A p value of <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. RESULTSAfter the MHT application, it was revealed that there was a significant difference in pulse rate (p=0.000), SPO2 level (p=0.029), CO2 level (p=0.000) and NIPS pain scores (hour 6,9,12,15,18, and 24) and total NIPS (p=0.000) pain scores, before and after MHT practice. CONCLUSIONThis study demonstrated that MHT application to the newborns had a decreasing effect on pain level, heart rate, CO2 level, and an increasing effect on SPO2 level.

Neuroplasticity in a range of induced effects of transcranial electrical stimulation

This article presents the results of an analysis of modern scientific data on the induction of neuroplasticity using transcranial electrical stimulation. Three types of effects arising from the use of transcranial electrical stimulation are considered: central, peripheral and mixed. The central effects are analgesia, stabilization of hemodynamics, relief of pain. Peripheral effects include slowing the growth of tumors, modulating the dynamics of the acute phase response during inflammation, accelerating the healing of skin wounds, ulcerative defects of the gastric mucosa, and the focus of necrosis in myocardial infarction. Of the mixed effects are antistress, antipruritic, antitoxic effects. All of the above effects are based on the release of beta-endorphins. Potentiation of the effects of transcranial electrical stimulation is caused by enkephalinase inhibitors, 5-HT precursors, monoamine oxidase and tryptophanpyrrolase inhibitors. The features of the therapeutic effects of transcranial electrical stimulation are highlighted: they have a homeostatic character and are manifested both comprehensively and systemically. The effect on neuroplasticity by transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) was examined. tDCS is presented as a modulator of global neural activity. It was shown that tDCS leads to the activation of neurons and astrocytes through neurovascular conjugation, directly affects the cells of the vascular endothelium, and helps increase the speed of blood flow in the capillaries. It was shown that transcranial electrical stimulation has a corrective effect on clinical electrophysiological parameters in patients with neurogenic bladder dysfunction and nocturnal enuresis, has a stimulating effect on glial cells, diversifies the brain neurochemical status, modifies the synaptic microenvironment, regulates various neurotransmitters, and increases BDNF secretion. Studies show that tDCS led to a significant decrease in glutamate and glutamine in the anterior cingulate gyrus, a tendency to decrease glutamate and glutamine in the thalamus, and a tendency to increase GABA in the anterior part of the islet. Thus, transcranial electrical stimulation is a method capable of providing long-term therapeutic effects of stimulation and affect the processes of neuroplasticity.

Plasma Β-Endorphin and Cortisol Profiles around Periparturient Period at Stressful Conditions in Egyptian Buffalo

<p>The study determined the level of plasma β-endorphin and cortisol concentrations in peripheral blood circulation of buffalo cows suffering from reproductive disorders (dystocia and retained placenta) and weakness body condition score during periparturient period. Twenty multi-parous Egyptian buffalo cows at late pregnancy period were used for two months before parturition. β-endorphin concentrations were higher in buffalo suffering from reproductive disorders groups. Whereas, β-endorphin concentrations were 134.9±4.8 for retained placenta, 121.3±4.9 for dystocia, 114.2±8.4 for weakness and 113.5±6.5 pg/ml for control. In the closer period around parturition both of plasma β-endorphin and cortisol followed the same trend toward a gradually increased values during -2,-1days and zero time in all groups. A concomitant trend was noticed in β-endorphin and cortisol concentrations in postpartum period with reduce values were observed in all groups after parturition continued for month or more. Buffalo suffering from reproductive disorders were showed a high relative values in β-endorphin and cortisol concentrations. A significant differences (P&lt;0.01) were observed between the experimental groups. Generally, buffaloes suffering reproductive disorders had a clear impact on blood plasma β-endorphin concentration around parturition process.</p><p>The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between various reproductive disorders as a stress factors with plasma β–endorphin and cortisol in buffalo cows around parturition and changes in these parameters could be used as an objective measure of the stress associated labour. Stress has been hypothesized to be a cause of impaired reproductive efficiency. Stress may cause an overproduction of beta-endorphins and free radicals</p>

The Effect of an Exhaustive Aerobic, Anaerobic and Resistance Exercise on Serotonin, Beta-endorphin and BDNF in Students

Background and Study Aim: Sport exercises play a major role in many hormonal factors which related to happiness in human. Therefore, the short-term effects of three anaerobic, aerobic and resistance exercises on (BDNF) and hormones related to happiness such as serotonin and beta-endorphin has been studied in young men in this research. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two students (19 to 25 years old) who did not have regular physical activity were randomly divided into four groups, after the subjects were eaten the same breakfast, the blood of them were taken before and after the various short aerobic exercises (Exhaustive exercise with 70% of maximum heart rate) and anaerobic (Exhaustive exercise with maximum intensity) and exhaustive resistance exercise (with 8 stations). Control group did not practice any activity. Specific kits and ELISA method have been used to determine their values. Data were analyzed using ANOVAand ANCOVA method at a significant level of 5%. Results: Beta-endorphins showed a significant increase in resistance and aerobic training sessions compared to control group. However, serotonin and BDNF had a significant intra-group change in the aerobic group. Conclusion: It seems that aerobic exercises are the best practice for increasing some of the hormones associated with happiness.