СТИМУЛЮВАННЯ ЗА ДОПОМОГОЮ ХАКАТОН-ЕКОСИСТЕМИ ВТОРИННОЇ ЗАЙНЯТОСТІ МОЛОДІ ЯК ФАКТОРА ПРОФЕСІОНАЛІЗАЦІЇ ТА СОЦІАЛЬНОЇ ІНТЕГРАЦІЇ

The article is an attempt to find new tools to boost youth motivation to secondary employment. The study notes that modern multi-vector (multi-dimensional) processes of updating the higher education system in Ukraine challenge the need for reforming higher education. The above verifies that currently, the biggest demand is primarily for competitive graduates who can independently build their own professional career trajectory, who are able to handle a large amount of information, think critically, demonstrate a high level of adaptability to permanently changing social environment and labor market demands, have developed communication skills, are able to learn throughout the life, are ready to expand management functions and are able to predict the results of their activities. The theoretical and methodological framework of this study involves systemic, structural and functional, economic and sociological and the resource-based approaches. A systemic approach was used to gain an overview and build an overall description of the researched phenomenon; structural and functional approach was applied to provide insights into the functional character of secondary employment, and the resource-based approach – to specify the opportunities for students to combine study and work. It is argued that the use of the Hackathon ecosystem enables to identify the possible outcomes of combining work and study for social and personal development of student youth along with getting better awareness of specific functions of youth secondary employment. Within the scope of this research, the following indicators were employed: the motivation behind secondary employment of student youth, performance assessment as realization of students’ expectations from employment, and the evaluation of the current job significance for mastering a future profession. A motivation hierarchy for secondary student employment has been identified where money is viewed as the key motivator whereas occupational incentives are perceived as less important. As it observed, this hierarchy demonstrates a relative stability in recent years against the falling trend for the significance of the early start of professional career for working students. In addition, the study provides a robust argument to substantiate the demarcation between pragmatics- and occupation-based incentives of student secondary employment. The findings have revealed a rather high realization level of financial expectations of many working students (as a manifestation of the key economic function of student youth employment); a certain devaluation of the work experience role for student secondary employment as their competitive advantage in the area of social and labor relations; as well as low effectiveness of the majority of working students for their further professionalization. However, the results of the study have verified critical effects of any work experience upon shaping basic work culture for this youth category. Apart from the above, the paper discusses the relevance of implementing professionalization agenda in the framework of student secondary employment as well as renders practical recommendations for its enhancement. The study results offer a number of implications to develop further theoretical positions and accumulate empirical data to promote quality assurance in vocational education and training institutions.

Omani Higher Education Students Attitude Towards Work During Study

The work during study is widespread matter worldwide and in the Sultanate of Oman as well. Many Omani students are noticed work during their study. The aim of this research is to analyze the attitude of higher education Omani students towards working during study via identifying benefits they obtain and challenges they face. The quantitative research methodology was implemented via survey approach using structured questionnaire technique. The questionnaire was prepared and distributed to 220 higher education students. 102 respondents have responded (46.3 %). The main findings of the research are: i) Majority of Omani higher education students work during study and the plurality of them are placed in private sector organizations; ii) The “trading” and “other services” sectors absorbs above 70% of students who work during study; iii) 86% of these students joined work in the same area of their study; iv) Enhancement of soft skills is the highest benefit they obtained while the social challenges are considered the highest challenge they face. The outcomes of this study might be helpful to the Ministry of Higher Education, Research and Innovation (MOHERI) as it highlights the importance of having training in the offered higher education programs. MOHERI can also can also recognize challenges face working students and take some actions to eliminate these challenges.

How Employed Students Lived the Covid-19 Lockdown in Romania

This paper draws on the conceptual framework of “time poverty” to explore how employed students, a group much affected by “time poverty”, experienced changes in time allocation during the COVID-19 lockdown in Romania. Findings of a mixed-method study indicate that working and non-working students perceived and engaged differently with this sudden increase in discretionary time. Compared to non-working students, working students, welcomed this newly acquired time and saw it as an opportunity to engage in both education and self-growth activities. They also show higher levels of engagement with educational activities and an increased sense of satisfaction resulting from this engagement, as well as higher levels of wellbeing. This quick reorientation clearly reveals that time poverty is a barrier to education and personal well-being for working students.

The Accuracy of Business English Curriculum to Students’ Communication Performance: The EFL Students’ Perception

Measuring the accuracy of a private university in Batam Business English course curriculum to the present needs of workplaces in Batam from students’ perception is essential. Because 85% of the university students are working, it is compulsory to maintain the gap low between what students learned in class and what is implemented in the working field. A questionnaire consists of three dimensions (curriculum, communication performance, and motivation) distributed randomly to 60 students from a population (N=328) of the third-semester students programmed Business English course at a private university in Batam. The result suggested that the curriculum needs to add more practices, peer work, and case studies to improve students’ communication performance. Students’ perspectives in the Business English course reflected a new technical vocabulary that needed to practice in a correlated context. The curriculum content’s relevance to the workplace’s contextual needs is moderately related because not all working students used the English language in their workplace. Additional focus on internal and external motivation through group work and peer work is needed to improve students’ communication performance and confidence. Finally, the existing Business English curriculum is reasonably accurate, supporting students’ communication performance, both written and oral, at their workplace.

A Study on the Relationship between Social Media Addiction and Self-Regulation Processes among University Students

In this research, the relationships between social media addiction (SMA) and self-regulation levels among university students were investigated. A sample of 329 (234 women, 95 men) university students with the age range 18-29 were selected. SMA and self-regulation scales were administered to the sample. The multiple regression analysis revealed that SMA was predicted by self-monitoring; self-evaluation and self-reinforcement did not predict SMA. The regression model accounted for 17% of the variance in SMA, while self-regulation predicted the SMA levels and the regression model accounted for 7% of the variance in SMA. Independent sample t test demonstrated that there were no gender differences between the means of SMA and self-regulation. But, there was a significant difference between the means of SMA of working students and non-working students, non-working students SMA mean scores were higher.

A Study on the Subculture of Working Students in Call Centers

Employing the descriptive qualitative research method, this study drew on the Functional Theory of Talcott Parsons which espouse that subculture develop out of its adaptation from the dominant culture. It aimed to describe and analyze the subculture of working students in call centers in Metro Manila and its influence on their family relations, health, recreational activities, consumption behavior and academic performance. Results showed that the norms and values in the call center as reflected on the social environment influenced the values of the working students. The subculture in the call center produced positive and negative effects to the participants. The night shift work schedule led to health problems, less contact time with their family and peers, and less time on studying. Thus, there is a need for call center companies and schools to provide the necessary remediation to improve working students’ productivity in work and performance in school.

Living with Uncertainty in Times of Pandemic: The View of Working Students in Higher Education

Today we live in times of real uncertainty. All of us, young, old, adults or children, experience new ways of facing daily challenges. The education and health sectors are naturally the most affected and deserve to be assessed for the impacts of this pandemic. This chapter aims to focus its analysis on a specific group of students in higher education: working students. In fact, this population group has a distinct profile from “regular” students in higher education. Typically, the student role is not the predominant one in their lives, competing with their roles as active workers and as heads of their families. Choosing a quantitative scientific methodology, about a hundred working student were the target of a survey exploring not only their greatest anxieties and fears, but also the ways they choose to deal with it, namely their exposure to media coverage of the COVID-19. It is expected that the results will contribute to a critical reflection on the challenges that this pandemic poses to us, identifying clues to better manage and overcome them.

Features of Student Employment in the Hungarian-Romanian Cross Border Area

The aim of the research is to examine student employment, which plays an important role in the lives of university students. According to previous research results, paid work is characterized by an increasing tendency, with occasional and holiday work being characteristic of students, as well as regular work during the semester too. Current research focuses on the characteristics of gainful employment in the Hungarian-Romanian border region. The database PERSIST 2019 (N = 2199) was used, the research took place in higher education institutions in the eastern region of Hungary and in higher education institutions bordering the country. We investigate the differences between the demographic, social and institutional backgrounds of working students. We also analyze the relationships between effectiveness, engagement and student employment. According to our results there are differences between the institutions both in the frequency of employment and in the horizontal fit of work. Hungarian students take up work more often than Romanian students, but study-related work is more typical for Romanian students. However, paid work does not hinder the academic performance of the students and the building of relationships within the institution, it even has a positive impact on the students' university career.

Self-Rated Health and Psychological Distress among Emerging Adults in Italy: A Comparison between Data on University Students, Young Workers and Working Students Collected through the 2005 and 2013 National Health Surveys

Background. The present study aimed at comparing self-reported physical health and mental health among university students, workers, and working students aged between 19 years and 29 years. Method. Using data from National Health Surveys held in 2005 and 2013, a cross-sectional study was conducted on 18,612 Italian emerging adults grouped into three groups: university students, workers, and working students. The odds ratios of self-reported anxiety or depression, poor general health, and poor mental health and physical health (as assessed through SF-12) were estimated through logistic regression models adjusted for potential confounders. Results. Compared with workers, students showed an increased risk of anxiety or depression and a lower risk of poor general health. Students and working students showed an increased risk of reporting weak mental health compared with that in workers, while students displayed a lower risk of poor physical health. Significant differences were not found between the 2005 and 2013 surveys. Conclusions. These results are of considerable importance for psychologists as well as educational and occupation-based institutions for planning prevention programs and clinical interventions.

Dinamika dan pola kekuasaan pemilik tempat kerja terhadap mahasiswa pekerja paruh waktu di Kota Malang

The phenomenon of students studying while working is not a sticky thing in society, many students choose to study while working for various reasons. Facing the world of work must be faced with the provisions of work regulations that part-time workers must be able to adapt, coming from the world of education and plunging into the world of work is not an easy thing because they have to divide their thoughts into several focuses. This study aims to describe and analyze the dynamics of part-time worker while working and how the power patterns exercised by workplace owners over part-time worker. The method used in this research is qualitative. The data collection method used in-depth interviews and observations in the work environment of part-time worker. The research informants were selected purposively by requiring that they were in college while working part time. The results of the study explain that the owner of the workplace has a broader pattern of power and dominance due to his higher position than the worker, the power patterns including salaries below the minimum wage, binding work regulations, and policies that are more profitable for the workplace owner. The dynamics felt by part-time working students are also a challenge in terms of adapting to the world of work. Fenomena mahasiswa kuliah sambil bekerja bukanlah hal yang tabu di masyarakat, banyak sekali mahasiswa yang memilih untuk kuliah sambil bekerja dengan alasan yang bermacam-macam. Menghadapi dunia kerja pasti dihadapkan dengan ketentuan peraturan kerja yang harus bisa diadaptasi oleh mahasiswa pekerja paruh waktu, datang dari dunia pendidikan dan terjun ke dunia kerja bukan suatu hal yang mudah karena mereka harus membagi pikirannya menjadi beberapa fokus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis mengenai bagaimana dinamika mahasiswa pekerja paruh waktu selama bekerja serta bagaimana pola kekuasaan yang dilakukan pemilik tempat kerja terhadap mahasiswa pekerja paruh waktu. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara mendalam beserta observasi di lingkungan kerja mahasiswa pekerja paruh waktu. Informan penelitian dipilih secara purposive dengan mensyaratkan bahwa mereka sedang kuliah sambil bekerja paruh waktu. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan bahwa pemilik tempat kerja memiliki pola kekuasaan dan dominasi lebih luas dikarenakan posisinya yang lebih tinggi daripada pekerja, pola kekuasaan tersebut diantaranya gaji dibawah UMR, peraturan kerja yang mengikat, serta kebijakan yang lebih banyak menguntungkan pemilik tempat kerja. Dinamika yang dirasakan mahasiswa pekerja paruh waktu juga menjadi tantangan dalam hal beradaptasi di dunia kerja.