Comparative microbiological study of methods of using Metrogyl Dent gel in the treatment of periodontitis

Summary The common drug Metrogyl Denta can be used in different ways in the treatment of periodontitis, in particular, in the form of applications or using high-frequency ultrasound. The article is devoted to the study of the effect of various methods of using Metrogyl Dent gel on the microbiota of periodontal pockets in periodontitis. In 40 patients with a diagnosis of moderate periodontitis, the treatment complex included a combined effect of high-frequency ultrasound and an antibacterial preparation of Metrogyl Dent gel (ultraphonophoresis of Metrogil Dent gel) or Metrogil Dent was used as applications (20 people in the compared groups). The contents of the pathological periodontal pockets were studied twice before treatment (after removing dental deposits), and also after 10 days of treatment. Microbiological examination to identify periodontal pathogenic bacterial microbiota was carried out using the anaerobic culture technique. Ultraphonophoresis of Metrogyl Denta gel has a more pronounced antibacterial effect in comparison with the applications of this drug. The combined effect of high-frequency ultrasound and Metrogyl Denta gel makes it possible to create a drug depot in the periodontal tissues.

Effect of silver and dimethyl sulfoxide nanoparticles on antibiotic resistance of microorganisms in the treatment of purulent-catarrhal endometritis in cows

The increase in the production of livestock products, along with the improvement of the breed and productive qualities of animals, is closely related to the state of reproduction of the herd. The main factor holding back the reproduction of the herd to a large extent is the presence of acute postpartum endometritis. The study was carried out in order to study the species composition of microorganisms, the change in their antibiotic sensitivity during therapy after generic purulent-catarrhal endometritis of cows from 2019 to 2020. in the economy of the Novosibirsk region during the period of mass calving with a preparation containing silver nanoparticles in comparison with an antibacterial preparation. The animals were divided into experimental and control groups on the basis of analogs. The experimental group (n = 42) was injected intrauterinely with the drug, where the complex of drugs argovit, Dimexide in the form of 10% and 5% aqueous solutions at a dose of 0.3 ml / kg of live weight was used as an antibacterial drug once every 48 hours, and uteroton was intramuscularly 0 , 02 ml / kg live weight, once, once every 48 hours. The cows of the control group (n = 42) were injected with fish oil intrauterinely (0.3 ml / kg of live weight) with oxytetracycline hydrochloride (40 mg / kg of live weight), once every 48 hours and intramuscularly uteroton 0.02 ml / kg of live weight , once, once every 48 hours. The research results showed that the use of the drug argovit containing silver nanoparticles + DMSO caused a pronounced increase in antibiotic sensitivity in the isolated microflora in postpartum purulent-catarrhal endometritis of cows.

Electromagnetic and acoustic technologies in antibacterial preparation development

Subject and Purpose. The present paper is concerned with the use of wave technologies in the development of antibiotics-alternative approaches for pathogenic microflora suppression. Lactobacilli strains picked in different ecological niches and their activity against pathogenic strains are studied with a focus on a targeted modification of adhesive and antagonistic properties of lactobacilli by exposing them to low-intensity electromagnetic (EM) fields and the ultrasound. Methods and Methodology. Lactobacilli picked in different ecological niches are experimentally studied, including (1) standard strains from probiotic preparations and (2) circulating strains picked in humans and bees. For the ultrasonic and electromagnetic radiation sources, G3-109 and G3-F and G4-141 and G4-142 generators are taken, respectively. The adhesive properties of Lactobacillus spp. strains and their antagonistic activity are estimated against C. diphtheriae, S. aureus and yeast-like fungi of Candida genus in aerobic and microaerophilic culture conditions. Statistical technology is employed in the data processing and analysis. Results. It has been established that L. plantarum strains picked in the gut of healthy bees are most antagonistic towards pathogens. It has been demonstrated that the priority culture conditions for lactobacilli are microaerophilic conditions simulating their stay in vivo. It has been shown that it is possible to modify properties of microorganisms by their exposure to ultrasound and low-intensity electromagnetic fields in narrow bands of the EHF range. The effect efficiency versus frequency has a dispersion character. Individual features of various pathogenic strains have been recognized. Conclusion. The obtained results open up prospects for electromagnetic and acoustic technologies in the development of safe alternative means to antagonize persisting pathogens and increase human body resilience.

Optimisation and Evaluation of Antibacterial Topical Preparation from Malaysian Kelulut Honey using Guar Gum as Polymeric Agent

The study aims to formulate and optimise topical antibacterial preparation using Malaysian kelulut honey as the active ingredient and guar gum as the polymeric agent. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimise the preparation. The acidity, honey concentration, and guar gum concentration were the independent variables. Meanwhile, the zone of inhibitions on Staphylococcus aureus ATCC6538 and Escherichia coli ATCC8739 were the response variables. The optimal preparation was evaluated on its physicochemical properties, viscosity, antibacterial efficacy, and stability. The antibacterial efficacy of the optimal preparation was compared to the commercial antibacterial gel (MediHoney™, Comvita). The optimal preparation was formulated at pH 3.5, honey concentration of 90% (w/v), and guar gum concentration of 1.5% (w/v). The inhibition zones measured on S. aureus ATCC6538 was 16.2 mm and E. coli ATCC8739 was 15.8 mm, respectively. The optimal preparation showed good physicochemical properties and effective antibacterial properties. However, the viscosity of the preparation was reduced by more than 50% during the six months of the stability study. Guar gum is a potential polymeric agent in preparing kelulut as topical preparation with effective antibacterial properties. Consideration of additional stabilising or preservative agent is recommended to overcome the reduction of viscosity over time.

Evaluation of embryotoxicity or teratogenicity of complex antibacterial preparation for treatment of mastitis in lactating cows

The aim of the study was to assess the effect of a new complex antibacterial drug for the treatment of mastitis in lactating cows on white laboratory rats during embryonic and early postnatal development. It was found that the drug in the studied dosage of 250 mg/kg when used from 1 to 7 and from 7 to 19 days of gestation did not cause undesirable reactions in white rats, and also did not affect the formation and development of the fetuses. The increase in body weight of pregnant females was uniform in all groups. Moreover, the number of the fetuses, corpora lutea, the weight of the fetuses and placentas, the size of the fetuses did not have statistically significant differences in the experimental groups relatively to the control. The analysis of the intrauterine mortality rates also did not reveal statistically significant differences in the groups. A macroscopic examination of the fetuses revealed no developmental anomalies in any of the groups. During pathomorphological study it was found that there were no changes in the structure of internal organs, fetal development was consistent with the gestational age. The number of live and stillborn cubs per female did not significantly differ in all groups. In all infant rats, no abnormalities or deformities were observed after birth. The increase in body weight of the offspring in the experimental groups was uniform. Statistically significant differences in physiological development, both in the experimental and in the control groups, were not observed. Thus, the application of the studied drug to the laboratory rats during critical periods of pregnancy did not cause negative effects in the offspring during embryonic and early postnatal periods. Based on this, we can conclude that this drug in the studied dosage does not have embryotoxic and teratogenic effects.

Effects of plant-derived immunomodulators and lizak preparation in vitro taken separately or in combination on the immune factors of palatine tonsils of children with chronic tonsillitis

Introduction: Chronic inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract of both microbial and viral origin occur due to the immune deficiency of systemic and local nature. Among a large number of immunomodulation agents, a special role belongs to plant preparations, which are characterized by relative harmlessness and high efficiency, both in case of systemic and local use and they are often combined with antimicrobial agents, therefore the aim of the study was to investigate their effect on the reactions and condition of lymphoid cells of tonsilswith separate and combined use in vitro. Methods: Cell suspensions were prepared mechanically and adjusted to a concentration of 2 million/ml in medium 199 with additives. Then, Lizak preparation was added to the cells and starch solution was used in control. Imupret and Esberitox preparations were added to the culture with or without Lizak preparation. After cultivation, the levels of proinflammatory cytokine – Interleukin-1β, pro-allergic factor – Interleukin-4, Th-1 – derivative of cytokine – interferon-γ were studied in the supernatant using the «Tsitokin LLC» reagent kits (RF), as well as tissue regeneration factor – transforming growth factor –TGF-1β (Austria). The preparation was prepared from the cell pellet, in which the relative nonviable cell count was determined in a sample with trypan blue using a light microscope (Olympus CX21FS1).The statistical analysis was performed using Student's t-distribution. Results: Plant-derived preparations did not have any effect on cell viability in culture, did not reduce the level of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β and did not stimulate the production of the regeneration factor TGF-1β. At the same time, the combined use of plant-derived preparations and the antibacterial preparation Lizak in cell culture of tonsils was accompanied by an increase in cell viability compared to the use of Lizak preparation separately, the stimulation of the regulatory antiviral factor interferon-γ and an increase in the production of tissue regeneration factor. Conclusion: The immunomodulating properties of the antibacterial preparation Lizak and plant-derived immunomodulator Esberitox significantly differ in the points of application. Both plant-derived preparations stimulated the production of γ-interferon by tonsil cells in the presence of Lizak preparation, the transforming growth factor TGF-1β, the viability of tonsil cells was the highest with the combination of Lizak and Esberitox.

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF METABOLITES OF THE GENUS ALHAGI

In the review summarized the scientific literature on geographical distribution, the degree of knowledge of the chemical composition and biological activity of extracts and isolated individual compounds of the genus Alhagi Tourn. ex Adans. of the world flora. The structures of the isolated 300 compounds are presented belonging to the alkaloids, terpenoids, carbohydrates, hydrocarbons, lipids, and phenolic compounds. In quantitative terms, the phenolic compounds dominate, among which flavonoids belonging to the group flavone, flavonol, flavanone, isoflavone, isoflavonolignan and flavan-3-ols groups are prevails. Among them, to the chemotoxonomic markers can be include flavonols narcissin and its aglycone isorhamnetin, which are produced in major quantities in practically all species of the genus Alhagi. It was revealed that the qualitative composition of the metabolites of the same species of this genus depends on the ecological-geographical and soil-climatic conditions of their growth place. The data on the biological activity of extracts and isolated individual metabolites are considered. The main biologically active substances of the genus Alhagi are phenolic compounds. The presented information in the review shows that the plants of the genus Alhagi are promising for the creation of new pharmaceuticals. It was noted that in present time are being conducted in-depth preclinical pharmacological studies of the antioxidant preparation "Yantacin", the anti-inflammatory "Alkakhin", the biologically active complex "Alkhidin", and the antioxidant and antibacterial preparation "Zhantharid". Cited in the review information may be used as reference literature by phytochemists, biologists, and pharmacologists.