Investigating the cultural-morphological features of rhizobacteria and allocating it from the cotton plant (Gossýpium hirsútum): in the example of irrigated meadow soils of Uzbekistan

This paper investigates the cultural-morphological, physiological and biochemical properties of bacterial isolates with stimulating properties isolated from the rhizosphere of cotton (Gossýpium hirsútum) grown in saline soils of Uzbekistan. The cells of the isolated culture No. 12 were found to be rod-shaped, 2-3x0.5-0.6 urn in size, single or chain-linked, Gram-positive aerobic bacteria producing spores. In studying the culture No. 146, its cells were in the form of thick, less mobile rods, 1-2x0.6-0.8 urn in size, forming thermostable spores. The spores were located in the center of the cell; the Gram-stained colonies in meat-peptone agar were round, bulging; the edges were flat, consistency oily, smooth and, mucous; and, the upper part was found to be shiny. Studies have shown that the isolates appertained to the genus Bacillus sr.

Рredominant microflora of natural and wastewaters of Lviv region

Quantitative and qualitative composition of microorganisms have been determined by the microbiological methods of the analysis of natural waters and industrial wastewater. It is shown that the dominant microflora of the studied waters are Diplococcus, Sarcina, Bacillus, Pseudomonas bacteria types, blue-green algae of Oscillatoria types, as well as Saccharomyces yeast types. Morphological, physiological and cultural characteristics of colonies grown on nutrient media were studied to identify microorganisms. The growth pattern of colonies of microorganisms on meat-peptone agar (for bacteria) and wort-agar (for yeast) in a Petri dish is shown.

Study of the Effect of a Biologically Active Compound Tris(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium 4-Chlorophenylsulfanylacetate on the Growth of Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus

Background. Development of nutrient media ensuring the maximum growth rate of pathogens of dangerous infectious diseases while preserving their biological properties is extremely important. A promising direction in this area seems to be the use of synthetic microbial growth biostimulants.The aim of the work is to study the possibility of improving nutrient media for the cultivation of Listeria and Staphylococcus using a biologically active compound tris(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium 4-chlorophenylsulfanylacetate.Materials and methods. The object of the study was experimental nutrient medium for the cultivation of Listeria used for the culturing of the test strain Listeria monocytogenes 766. As a comparison medium, commercial medium Fraser broth to which agar was added at a concentration of 1.5 %, was used. The test strain Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538-P (FDA 209-P) was cultivated on meat-peptone agar with 1% glucose. The compound tris(2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium (4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylacetate at a concentration of 10–4 wt. % was studied as a growth stimulator. A nutrient medium without a stimulant served as a control. The specific activity of nutrient media (germination rate, medium sensitivity, growth rate and stability of the main biological properties of microorganisms) was evaluated by the microbiological method.Results. Studies have shown that the addition of a growth stimulator to nutrient media contributes to the growth of colonies (by 10–50 %) and a decrease in the time of their development. When growth stimulator was added to the nutrient medium for the cultivation of Listeria, the initial growth of colonies of the L. monocytogenes 766 test strain after 12 hours of cultivation and growth of colonies of the test strain S. aureus ATCC 6538-P after 6 hours of cultivation on the meat-peptone agar with 1% glucose was observed.Conclusion. Thus, the addition of a growth biostimulator tris(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium 4-chlorophenylsulfanyl acetate at a concentration of 10–4 wt. % in the nutrient medium accelerates the growth of Listeria and Staphylococcus, allows to reduce the time of issuance of the analysis result in half.

Influence of the adoption of phosphogips and seros-containing fertilizers on the microbial population of south chernozem

The following field experiences were performed on the Chernozem southern carbonate: 1.Control, 2. Sulphoammophos – 150 kg/ha, 3. Sulphoammophos – 250 kg/ha, 4.Phosphogypsum – 3 t/ha, 5.Phosphogypsum – 6 t/ha, 6.Phosphogypsum – 12 t/ha, 7. Phosphogypsum – 3 t/ha ammophos –70 kg/ha ammonium nitrate, 100 kg/ha 8. Phosphogypsum – 6 t/ha ammophos -70 kg/ha ammonium nitrate, 100 kg/ha 9. Phosphogypsum – 12 t/ha ammophos–70 kg/ha ammonium nitrate, 100 kg/ha. 10. ammophos-70 kg/ha + ammonium nitrate 100 kg/ha. The determination of the number of microorganisms produced in the phase of milky-wax ripeness of winter wheat on the selective nutrient medium: meat-peptone agar – number of ammonifiers; on starch and ammonia agar – microorganisms that assimilate mineral forms of nitrogen on the Hutchinson medium – calculatorsreal the number of microorganisms on the Czapek-Dox medium – the number of micromycetes on the Ashby medium – the number of aerobic nitrogen-fixing bacteria of the genus Azotobacter. Introduction phosphogypsum, sulphoammophos, ammophos and ammonium nitrate contributes to the increase in the numbers of various physiological groups of microorganisms. The highest values of the studied indicators in comparison with the control was achieved through the joint application of phosphogypsum – 12 t/ha ammophos-70kg/ha and ammonium nitrate-100kg/ha: ammonifiers on 123.4 million CFU/g (or 2.5 times); nitrifiers at 138 million CFU/g (3.3 times), microscopic fungi on 90,0 thousand CFU/g (1.7 times); cellulose-fermenting microorganisms on 250.6 thousand CFU/g (more than 2 times); aerobic nitrogen-fixing bacteria of the genus Azotobacter by 30.7 thousand CFU/g (1.5 times). Thus, the most responsive to the introduction of phosphogypsum and fertilizers microorganisms that convert mineral and organic nitrogen compounds.

STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS IS ONE OF THE MAIN PATHOGENS OF MASTITIS OF LACTATING COWS

As a result of microbiological studies of the udder secretion of lactating cows, conducted in ten livestock farms in the Vologda, Yaroslavl and Kostroma regions, 280 cultures of pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms, as well as lactic acid and other non-pathogenic flora were isolated from 271 samples of the studied milk. At the same time, it was revealed that S. aureus occupies a leading place in the spectrum of the selected pathogenic microflora. In 2019, the species composition of the pathogenic microflora in the above-listed farms was represented by isolates of Staphylococcus aureus – in 24,3% of cases, then Streptococcus Agalactiae– in 9,3%, enterobacteria – in 5,3% and opportunistic Staphylococcus – in 3,2% of cases. S. aureus was allocated by us in seven farms out of ten, the percentage of its allocation ranged from 9,1% to 58,9%. At the same time, other pathogenic flora was isolated in the studied farms in smaller quantities. So opportunistic Staphylococcus was detected in three agricultural enterprises out of ten in 6,2 % – 11,5% of cases, Streptococcus Agalactiae – in seven – from 9,1% to 36,0%, enterobacteria in five – from 1,5% to 30,8% of cases, respectively. When determining the sensitivity between isolates of S. aureus with other microorganisms in different concentrations by the method of "hole" in meat-peptone agar, the negative influence of Staphylococcus aureus on pathogenic (enterobacteria and Streptococcus Agalactiae), as well as lactic acid and the other non-pathogenic microflora was revealed. This fact indicates that in the conditions of intermicrobial relations, Staphylococcus aureus has the ability to have an antagonistic effect on the listed flora. The article was completed in accordance with state assignment №0578-2014-0030.

Microbiological study of immobilized N-chlorosulfonamide on сopolymer of styrene

Issues of discovery and development of antiseptics and disinfectants are engaged in the world. Requirements for medication severely limit the range of chemical compounds that can be used as an active start of disinfectants. Chlorinated compounds (bleach, chloramine, hypochlorite) are traditional disinfectants. The emission of active chlorine from immobilized sodium N-chlorosulfonamides was studied and the stability of the resulting solutions was evaluated. For microbiological tests, non-woven samples of immobilized N-chlorosulfonamide were provided on a copolymer of styrene with divinylbenzene grafted to a polypropylene filament. The content of active chlorine is 6%, the thickness is 2.5 mm, the surface density is 340 g/dm3. Nutrient media used for research: Meat-peptone agar (MPA); yolk-salt agar (Chistovich); blood agar (CA); Saburo; Endo Before the study, the growth properties of nutrient media were controlled in accordance with the method of controlling the growth properties of nutrient media, which is presented in the State Food and Drug Administration – 2011.The antibacterial and antimycotic action of immobilized N-chlorosulfonamide on a copolymer of styrene with divinylbenzene was determined. It is set that that test samples of immobilized N-chlorosulfonamide on styrene copolymer with divinylbenzene, in the form of nonwoven material, have expressed antibacterial activity to the microorganisms: E.сoli АТСС 25922, E.coli K12, P.aeruginosa АТСС 27853, S.аureus АТСС 6538, S.epidermidis ATCC 12228, S.haemolyticus АТСС 14990, P.vulgaris ATCC 33420, В.subtilis 168, В.cereus 96, and antimycotic action on C.albicans ATCC 10231.

Антимікробна активність нового хіміотерапевтичного препарату на основі флюмеквіну щодо Aeromonas Hydrophila

In the article presented results of study of the antimicrobial activity of the chemotherapeutic drug on the basis of the active substance – flumequine.The sensitivity of the microflora of the biomaterial to antibiotics was determined and the minimum inhibitory concentrations of flumequin, the active substance of the drug «Flyumek», were determined.For the study were selected 5 fish – carps affected by aeromonosis. The diagnosis for aeromonosis was based on epizootological data, clinical signs of the disease, pathological and anatomical changes and the results of bacteriological research. The fish were slaughtered and crops were made from the affected parts of the skin, liver and kidneys. Sowing was carried out on meat-peptone broth (MPB) and meat-peptone agar (MPA). The seeds were incubated in a thermostat at a temperature of 26 °C for 48 hours. The sensitivity of the microflora of the biomaterial to antibiotics was determined by agar diffusion using standard antibiotic disks and the Müller-Hinton medium. In order to isolate and identify the Aeromonas hydrophila bacterium, the primary culture of the pathological material was performed on the MPA, which was incubated in the thermostat at 26 °C for 24 hours. The next step was to isolate pure cultures of microorganisms and make smears that were stained with Gram in the Björk modification. The method of serial dilutions in a liquid nutrient medium was determined by the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of flumequine in the preparation of «Flyumek» for Aeromonas hydrophila isolates.The results of the test for the sensitivity of the microflora of the biomaterial from the patient to the aeromonosis of the fish showed high sensitivity of the microorganisms to flumequin, tetracycline, fluorophenicol and trimethoprim, moderate neomycin sensitivity and resistance to amoxicilline, tylosine, lincomycine and colistine. The diameter of the growth retardation zone around the disks with flumequin was – 23,2 mm in the crop sown from the skin, from the kidneys – 30,0 mm, from the liver – 30,4 mm.According to the obtained values of the minimum inhibitory concentrations of flumequine, all investigated isolates of Aeromonas hydrophila were sensitive to the drug «Flyumek» and amounted to 1.0–2.0 μg ml.The results of the conducted studies indicate that fluoroquinolone antibiotic flumequin has a high antimicrobial activity against the bacterium Aeromonas hydrophila, an aeromonosis agent of carp fish.

EFFECT OF PERFLUOROCARBON LIQUIDS ON GROWTH OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS EPIDERMIDIS

In order to analyze the influence of perfluororganic compounds (perfluorodecalin) on growth of Staphylococcus epi-dermidis there was an invitro experiment conducted. During 24hours St.epidermidis cell crop was grown on meat-peptone agar in the Petri dishes: 1.1 water-salt BSS+ solution, 1.2–3,5ml BSS+ solution and 1mg of vancomycin in 0,1ml of 0.9% sodium chloride solution, 1.3 perfluororganic compound, 1.4 the mixture of perfluororganic compound and 1mg of vancomycin in 0,1ml of 0.9% sodium chloride solution. Similarly the Petri dishes were numbered and the second experiment was conducted when the initial Staphilococcusepidermidis concentration was two times reduced. To hold control the pure crop of bacteria was cultivated without adding any additional materials in cups 1.0 and 1.2. No growth of colonies were detected in cups 1,2, 2,2, local absence of growth was found in 1.4, 2,4. In cups 1.1 and 2.1 there was more intensive growth detected and approximately the same intensive growth of crop was found in cups 1.3, 2.3. comparing to the controlled crop. The findings confirm the effectiveness of vancomycin regarding Staphylococcus epidermidis and the possibility of its use together with perfluororganic compounds. This fact can be used in the process of treatment of postoperative endophthalmitis.