New Era, New Choice: The Implementation Path of the “General-to-Vocational Student Roughly Equivalent” Policy in High School Education

The “General-to-Vocational Student Roughly Equivalent” policy is an integral part of the top-level design of China’s vocational education. The paper analyzed the value of the policy from a multidisciplinary perspective and reviewed its development path. According to the statistical analysis of the “General-to-Vocational Student Ratio (GVR)” data from 2009 to 2018, it can be seen that the policy has been implemented well. Still, the GVR has a trend of further expansion. Therefore, to ensure the effective implementation of this policy, relevant policy recommendations are put forward from stakeholders such as the government, secondary vocational schools, and parents of students.

STEM Literacy of Students in Vocational Education

Knowledge of all disciplines is more or less equally important and crucial but, in education management, it is important to integrate disciplines so that the knowledge is useful and can be applied to create new things, solve problems and prevent future threats. STEM education for vocational student is not only a trend in education, but also an instructional approach that focuses on students and will lead to sustainable knowledge and learning. This research studied documents that explored the importance of STEM literacy for vocational school students in Thailand. Vocational education must be aligned with Thailand 4.0 and Industrial 4.0 models, and thus vocational schools must adjust their learning approach to be aligned with the Education 4.0 model. As vocational school students will be valuable to the development of the country, STEM literacy must be integrated into a project-based learning model which is a teaching approach for creating invention and innovation. The result of the study shows that STEM literacy for Thai vocational education consists of six components: identifying a STEM problem, exploring and acquiring new knowledge, applying STEM concepts, solving the STEM problem, communicating STEM information and making a STEM decision. The aforementioned components can be used to create a STEM literacy evaluation form for vocational school students.

Vocational Student Teachers’ Self-Reported Experiences in Creating ePortfolios

Context: The context of the study is vocational teacher education and the participants are vocational student teachers. They are studying in a blended learning setting as part time students. They represent several disciplines of vocational education and training. The vocational teacher studies take one year and are 60 credits. The study relates to the discussion of vocational education and training (VET) and teachers’ competencies that they are transferring to their VET students by sharing the knowledge of their subject area and working practices. This study is an exploration of one of these working practices: making competence visible in a digital format.Approach: Student teachers’ descriptions of their practices and recommendations of supportive methods for composing an ePortfolio are reviewed and their motivation to compose an ePortfolio is studied as a part of the personal learning environment (PLE) philosophy.Findings: The data revealed some typical practices, such as composing an ePortfolio (the most popular ways of doing this were recording reflections in a learning diary and using digital tools to document artefacts) and making vocational teachers’ competence visible through an ePortfolio (understanding the difference between workspace and showcase portfolios and what kinds of competence to document). The recommendations mentioned by participants were supportive methods of composing an ePortfolio (collaborative learning processes with peers, lecturers’ feedback and assessment and clear instructions) as well as methods of making vocational teachers’ competence visible (e.g. orientation to ePortfolio work using learning objectives and assessment criteria for ePortfolios). Participating student teachers are/were motivated to work with ePortfolios in various ways and expressed an intrinsic motivation to pursue personal growth and become a vocational teacher.Conclusions: The study revealed vocational student teachers’ various perceptions of scaffolding and motivational orientations to make their competence visible through ePortfolios. These can be used to design scaffolding processes to support students’ ePortfolio activities. ePortfolios are used as a study method to promote student teachers’ career development and personal growth and to help them acquire teacher competencies. The study concludes with a review of the learning objectives and the assessment criteria for the ePortfolio process in a vocational teacher education program.

THE Effort To Increase Self Confidence Of The Competence Of Vocational High Students Through The Motivation: "Mindset Entrepreneurship In Supporting Independence Milenialpreneur In The Future"

The Community service activities targeting students and teachers of Semen Gresik Vocational Schools are conducted to increase confidence in student competencies, including through the introduction, understanding, and strengthening motivation "Mindset Entrepreneurship" in the school environment. The purpose of the initial community service activity was aimed at responding to complaints about the problems of the school in academics (universities) that vocational student graduates were not working in the area of expertise possessed by students and also only a few students were able to create their jobs. The method used in community service uses an interpersonal approach to teachers and students using in-depth interviews with students and also teachers, interactive socialization, and discussion. The results of community service activities with Semen Gresik vocational partners provided positive results, both according to the perception of teachers and students, namely: (1) an increase in understanding of the problems along with finding solutions for teachers on the causes of low entrepreneurial interest for vocational students; (2) mental growth of students' confidence from their competence, after experiencing a strengthening of motivation on the principle of entrepreneurship (3) increasing insight and knowledge for students and teachers on the important role of entrepreneurship in the current digitalization era.

Kesalahan Siswa SMK dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Program Linier Ditinjau dari Pemahaman Konseptual dan Prosedural

This research aims to describe the mistake of vocational student in solving linier program question in term of conceptual and procedural understanding. The research was conducted at SMKN I Boyolangu Tulungagung. Subject was chosen based on the highest number of mistakes when completing linier program question. Data collection techniques in this research are test and interview. The instruments used in this research were the main instrument and supporting instrument. The main instrument is the researcher itself, while the supporting instrument are the test sheet and interview guidelines. To test the data validity in this research used time triangulation. Data analysis based on indicator of conceptual and procedural understanding that include data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The result of this study indicate that students who make mistake do not have a good conceptual and procedural understanding. This can be seen from subject cannot explain how to solve the question. In addition, subject cannot continue the answer because subject do not know the next step that must be done. Subject alsocan not explain the steps in solving linier program question. For this reason, teacher need to pay attention to students’ understanding when learning in class, especially conceptual and procedural understanding. In addition, teacher mut choose or design a conceptual learning design and procedural understanding to achieve the learning objective.

THE PRACTICALITY OF ELECTRONIC MONITORING PRAKERIN BASED ON ANDROID SYSTEM IN VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL STUDENT INTERNSHIPS

Purpose of the study: This research aims to find out 1) the facts of electronic internship monitoring and 2) the practicality of using android-based electronic monitoring in the vocational student internship program. Methodology: The method applied in this research is a descriptive qualitative thorough survey on the implementation of electronic internship training. The respondents were the teachers at Public Vocational High School 1 Mondokan as the supervisors of the student internship program. The instrument used was a questionnaire for the implementation of e-monPrakerin. The data analysis technique used descriptive analysis with percentages. Main findings: The results of the research show that Android-based electronic monitoring of internship. 1) facilitates monitoring; 2) is practical, with very high criteria (83,08%). An electronic monitoring internship based on Android is more practical according to the response from the internship supervisor. The implication of this study: The concept of electronic monitoring is easily understood by the supervisor. There are very few errors in using the features. The internship monitoring application the supervisor has already understood a guide before guiding the students. Novelty/Originality of this study: The novelty of this study lies in the strategy of monitoring electronically, this provides new insight in apprenticeship supervision compared to conventional apprenticeship supervision. Conventional monitoring is considered less effective because there are weaknesses.

The Effect of Industrial Work Practices on Vocational Students Self-Efficacy

Education in SMK if harmonized with the business world and industry world (BW/IW) is a synergistic relationship that greatly supports improving the quality of education in SMK, producing graduates who will be used by BW/IW. Industrial work practice is a stage of professional preparation in which a student studies in the industrial world for a certain period of time. Self-efficacy is a child's natural need to think highly of himself. The first conclusion produced was the implementation of the apprenticeship to meet the needs of workers in accordance with the field, the collaboration between the school and the industrial world, the readiness of student knowledge and good communication between the school and the business world. After that the aspect of the evaluation in the apprenticeship program is a change in student scores when tested, a positive response from the industrial world and an evaluation of the guidance of the assistant teacher internship. Secondly, self-efficacy has a positive effect on prakerin in vocational student entrepreneurship activities.

Who is more entrepreneurial? A comparative study of vocational and academic students

Purpose Research in the context of an individual’s choice of an entrepreneurial career has looked at effect of perceived self-efficacy (PSE), personality characteristics (PC) and subjective norms on entrepreneurial intentions (EIs). In contrast, the purpose of this paper is to compare these constructs across a vocational student (VC) group and an academic group (AC), in a supportive entrepreneurial ecosystem. It also includes PC of the individuals as a variable. Design/methodology/approach The analysis is based on a quantitative method followed by a qualitative approach to gain more insights in the study domain. It includes administration of a survey questionnaire and a round of unstructured interviews with select students. Findings Theorizing that there would be significant differences in PSE, PC and EIs between the two groups, the study demonstrates that for all the three variables, individuals opting for a vocational course exhibit significant difference as compared to an academic group. The results are significant when controlled for family business background and gender. Originality/value This paper has contributed to the academic literature in the entrepreneurship domain by differentiating the choice of an academic course prior to taking up a career in entrepreneurship and how it impacts entrepreneurial orientations. These interrelationships can further be extended into the domain of social media and networks, to draw interesting insights pertaining to how students get influenced by the social media in their choice of entrepreneurial career.