The effect of clenbuterol on body composition in spontaneously eating tumour-bearing mice

1993 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 325-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Hyltander ◽  
Gösta Svaninger ◽  
Kent Lundholm
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Tumour Growth ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tumour Bearing ◽  
Adult Mice ◽  
Adrenoceptor Agonist

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a selective β2-adrenoceptor agonist, clenbuterol, on body composition in tumour-bearing adult and growing mice. Therefore, adult female C57/BL6 mice (n = 20) were inoculated subcutaneously with a 3-methylcholanthrene-induced sarcoma and divided into two identical groups. One group received injections twice a day of clenbuterol corresponding to 1 mg/kg body weight, the other group received sham injections. Growing mice (n = 20) were similarly divided after tumour inoculation into one study group with clenbuterol injections and one control group. The growing animals were sacrificed on day 11 after commencement of treatment, the adult mice on day 16. Clenbuterol treatment had no statistically significant effect on accumulated food intake or body composition in the adult mice. However, fooe intake in these animals increased numerically compared to control animals after day 12 of the study. Tumour growth was also unaffected. The growing animals displayed an increased carcass dry weight with borderline significance (p = 0.06) and an increased quadriceps muscle fat free dry weight after clenbuterol treatment. Tumour growth was not affected. Food intake measured on a daily basis was significantly increased in the growing clenbuterol treated animals and accumulated food intake was increased with a trend towards statistical significance (p = 0.06). The results support the suggestion that treatment with a selective β2-adrenoceptor agonist does not improve body composition in tumour-bearing adult mice relying on spontaneous food intake while growing animals may benefit from such treatment.

scholarly journals Body composition and food intake in elderly women subjected to resistance training

2001 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-183
Author(s):  
Aline Rodrigues BARBOSA ◽  
José Maria SANTARÉM ◽  
Wilson JACOB FILHO ◽  
Maria de Fátima Nunes MARUCCI
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage

This study analyzed the effects of a 10-wk resistance training program on body composition in 11 elderly women (68.91 ± 5.43 yrs). A control group of 8 women (65.13 ± 4.09 yrs) served as inactive control. The body fat percentage (skinfold thickness and bioelectrical impedance), body-circumference measurements and sum of skinfolds were assessed before and after 10 weeks. Food intake was assessed immediately before week 0 and week 10, from 3-day diet records (energy, protein, carbohydrate and fat). After initial tests, the subjects began a training program consisting of eight exercises for the whole body. The training program only resulted in decrease in sum of skinfolds (p<=0.05). No significant changes in any variable were observed in the control group. In conclusion, the training program did not reduce body fat percentage, although it reduced sum of skinfolds.

scholarly journals PSXII-1 Effects of early weaning on feed intake, growth performance, and diarrhea rate of Hu lambs

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 414-414
Author(s):  
Shiqin Wang ◽  
Qiyu Diao ◽  
Kai Cui ◽  
Yanliang Bi ◽  
Naifeng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Nutritional Intervention ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Early Weaning ◽  
Weaning Stress

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of early weaning on growth performance, feed intake and diarrhea rate of Hu lambs, and establish the experimental model of early weaning stress in lambs. A total of 60 neonatal male Hu lambs were randomly allotted into 10 pens and 6 lambs in each pen with their ewes. Five pens of lambs were weaned at 21days of age as early weaning group (EW group), and the other 5 pens of lambs were remained with their ewes as control group (CON group). Body weight (BW) were recorded at birth (d0) and at d7, 14, 21, 22, 24, 26, 28, 35,42 and 49 after birth. Solid feed intake of lambs in each pen was recorded and diarrhea incidence was also monitored on daily basis. Data was analyzed using the MIXED model of SAS, and statistical significance was determined at P &lt; 0.05. There was no difference in BW at birth and d21 between the two groups of lambs (P &gt; 0.05). However, BW and average daily gain (ADG) of the lambs in EW group were significantly lower than those in CON group (P &lt; 0.01) since weaning. Solid feed intake of the lambs in EW group were obviously higher than that in CON group (P &lt; 0.01). In addition, the diarrhea rate was significantly higher than that in CON group from d21 to d35 (P &lt; 0.01). The results indicated that lambs weaned at d21 showed strong stress response by significantly decreasing in BW and ADG, and had more feed intake but higher diarrhea rate. Future study is warranted to determine the changes in gut microbiota and barrier function to assess the mechanism of early weaning on health status and growth performance of lambs, and to investigate nutritional intervention methods to alleviate weaning stress.

scholarly journals The Effects of Different Exercise Programmes on Female Body Composition

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa Maria Soares Costa de Mendonça ◽  
Adenilson Targino de Araújo Júnior ◽  
Maria do Socorro Cirilo de Sousa ◽  
Helder Miguel Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Body Density ◽  
Jackson Pollock ◽  
Exercise Programmes ◽  
Type Of Exercise ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Sedentary Women

Abstract The purpose of this study was to verify the effects of 16 weeks of practicing different exercise programmes on body composition. This is an exploratory and descriptive study of 89 women aged 25 to 55 years (41.42 ± 9.23 years). The subjects were randomly divided into three experimental groups (EG): practitioners of strength training (SG), dance (DG), hydrogymnastics (HG), and a control group (CG) with sedentary women. Measurements of body mass and height, circumferences of the chest, waist, abdomen, hips, thighs, calves, and skinfolds of the triceps, suprailiac and thigh were registered in three different moments: prior to the commencement of the training program, again after 8 weeks of training, and finally after 16 weeks of training. Body density was estimated by using the trifold protocol by Jackson, Pollock and Ward. The ANOVA and deltas of change (Δ%) were used for data analysis. The level of significance was set at p<0.05. The effects of greater statistical significance on body composition related the variables "time", "group" and the interaction between the two (time x group) were observed for the percentage of fat - F% (F (1.79, 152.52) = 24.59, p <0.001, η 2 = 0.22), fat mass - FM (F (1.75, 149.01) = 12.65, p <0.001, η 2 = 0.13) and lean mass - LM (F (1.77, 150.66) = 47.38, p <0.001, η 2 = 0.36). The HG and SG were more beneficial in reducing F%. It was observed that the EG indicated healthier anthropometric aspects compared to the CG, regardless of the type of exercise programmes practiced. The time factor was more representative over the effects of exercise on anthropometric dimensions.

scholarly journals Short term effects of restricted food availability and peripheral leptin injections in redheaded bunting, Emberiza bruniceps

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1430-1436
Author(s):  
Neelu Jain Gupta ◽  
Samya Das ◽  
Anit Kumar ◽  
Sanjay Kumar Bhardwaj ◽  
Nidhi Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Food Availability ◽  
Migratory Birds ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Metabolic Efficiency ◽  
Migratory Behaviour ◽  
Food Scarcity

Migratory birds need continued food supply and efficient metabolic machinery to meet high energy demands of the magnanimous feat of flight. Two questions are important i.e. as to 1) how a bird adapts to a temporary food constrain on a daily basis, and 2) how peripheral leptin, an anorectic hormone, impacted feeding and migratory behaviour in buntings? The aim of this study was to induce a non-photoperiodic tweak in the physiology of redheaded buntings through exogenous leptin administration and study its effect on their food intake and migratory behaviour. Groups of male redheaded buntings, Emberiza bruniceps (n=17) were transferred from short (8L: 16D) to long (16L: 8D) days and presented with food only either for first (morning food presence, MFP) or second (evening food presence, EFP) half of the 16h lighted phase, while control group received food ad libitum. Total daily food intake (FI) did not differ significantly between the MFP, EFP and controls, but hourly FI in MFP and EFP indicated increased activity differences based on time of food availability and bird’s tendency to cache food/ recompense for food scarcity during migration. In another experiment, a chemical tweak in bird’s FI was induced by peripheral administration of leptin, to add to current understanding of transition in buntings’ metabolic efficiency during high energy demanding migratory journey. Exogenous leptin appeared to safeguard cadaveric effect of exogenous injection in migrating buntings through promoting blood cholesterol and reduced liver fibrosis. Food restriction in the morning was better responded by buntings than that in evening. Therefore, migratory buntings exhibited diurnal variation in response to food scarcity.

scholarly journals Effect of Lifelong Added Sugars Consumption at Human Relevent Levels on Food Intake and Body Composition of C57BL6 Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 674-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruolin Yan ◽  
Tania Hartono ◽  
Iris Mei Ying Tse ◽  
Wai Hung Sit ◽  
Jennifer Man Fan Wan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sucrose Diet ◽  
High Sucrose

Abstract Objectives This study aimed to test the hypothesis that lifelong ad libitum consumption of a high sucrose (25% kcal, HS) diet induces overeating, increased adiposity, and impaired metabolic health compared to a low sucrose (10% kcal, LS) diet. Methods Twenty male C57BL6 mice were randomized into 2 treatment groups (LS or HS diet throughout life, n = 10 each) at 3 weeks of age and continued until natural death or 104 weeks old, whichever was earlier. Body weight, food intake, and water intake were measured weekly. Body composition (fat and lean mass) was determined every 4 weeks using a nuclear magnetic resonance-based body composition analyzer. Fasting blood glucose was assessed every 4 weeks using a glucometer. Difference between groups was assessed by two-sample t-test assuming unequal variances, and P &lt; 0.05 was set to indicate statistical significance. Results When comparing the HS and LS groups, there were no significant differences of mean ± SEM body weight (early childhood (EC) (3–6 weeks): 18.7 ± 2.7 vs. 17.8 ± 2.3 g; Childhood to adolescence (CA; 6–12 weeks): 30.9 ± 1.4 vs. 30.8 ± 1.4 g; Early adulthood (EA; 12–72 weeks): 47.8 ± 0.7 vs. 48.6 ± 0.8 g; Late adulthood (LA; 72–104 weeks): 52.1 ± 0.5 vs. 51.8 ± 0.7 g), body fat (CA: 19.4 ± 2.6 vs. 17.7 ± 2.3%; EA: 33.0 ± 0.6 vs. 33.3 ± 0.8%; LA: 32.1 ± 1.0 vs. 32.9 ± 0.8%), lean body mass (CA: 60.2 ± 3.3 vs. 57.4 ± 2.9%; EA: 46.7 ± 0.9 vs.46.0 ± 1.0%; LA: 52.8 ± 0.7 vs. 50.9 ± 0.8%), and food intake (all P &gt; 0.05). When expressed as cumulative change from baseline (week 4), there was no difference between group for those variables in LA, except mean percentage change in water intake (p=0.03). There was no difference in mean cumulative energy intake throughout LA (39.37 ± 2.73 vs. 42.21 ± 1.13 MJ) and fasting blood glucose level at the end of LA (6.4 ± 0.2 vs. 7.0 ± 0.3), both P &gt; 0.05. Conclusions This study found no significant effect of chronic high sucrose diet on inducing overeating, obesity and impaired glucose metabolism compared with low sucrose diet.. Our findings challenge the mainstream belief that high sugar diet promotes obesity, which warrants future research. Funding Sources This project was supported by HKU Seed Funding for Basic Research.

scholarly journals Corn silk polysaccharide ameliorates high fat diet induced hepatic steatosis in mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 271 ◽  
pp. 03027
Author(s):  
Wang Tailin ◽  
Wang Zhiwen ◽  
Liu Yi ◽  
Huang Li
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Model Group ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Corn Silk ◽  
Intake Water

To study the therapeutic effect of corn silk polysaccharide (CSP) on NAFLD mice induced by high fat diet. C57BL/6J mice were divided into normal control group (NC), high fat diet (HFD) group, HFD+200 mg/kg CSP group, and HFD+600 mg/kg CSP group. NAFLD mouse model was established by HFD feeding. Blood and liver tissues of each group were collected and biochemical and pathological tests were performed. The energy intake of NAFLD model group was higher than that of normal control group, and the food intake, water intake, and excretion of NAFLD model group were lower than that of normal control group. There was no statistical significance in the food intake, energy intake, water intake, and excretion of CSP group compared with that of NAFLD model group, nor was there any statistical significance between CSP and two doses of CSP. Biochemical tests showed that CSP decreased the levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, triglyceride and total cholesterol in serum of HFDfed mice, and inhibited the expressions of IL-6 and TNF-α in liver tissue. Pathological results showed that CSP improved HFD-induced hepatic steatosis.

scholarly journals Body Composition Changes in Female APOE*3Leiden.CETP Transgenic Mice After 5-week Injection of Resveratrol-encapsulated Liposomes to Inguinal White Adipose Tissue (P21-041-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeynep Goktas ◽  
Md Shahjalal Hossain Khan ◽  
Yujiao Zu ◽  
Lei Hao ◽  
Shu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Saline Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Fat

Abstract Objectives Many cell culture and animal studies have demonstrated that Trans-resveratrol (R) has the potential to induce beige cell formation and activity. Although human studies indicate that R can maintain metabolic health, evidence is inconclusive regarding its browning effectiveness mainly due to its low aqueous solubility and high hepatic metabolism in humans. To combat the shortcomings of R, we have successfully synthesized biocompatible and biodegradable R-encapsulated liposomes (Rlipo). We will directly inject Rlipo into inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) in this project. The purpose of this study to evaluate the anti-obesity effects of resveratrol-encapsulated liposomes in female APOE*3Leiden.CETP transgenic mice, which have human-like lipoprotein metabolism. Methods Rlipo was prepared using R and soy phosphatidylcholine (soy-PC) dissolved in ethanol. After mixing and drying with nitrogen, deionized water was added followed by a sonication step. Ultrafiltration was used to remove any unencapsulated R. The void liposomes (Vlipo) were prepared using only soy-PC. Female APOE*3Leiden.CETP mice (n = 40) were fed with a high fat diet (45% of calorie from fat) throughout the study. After 4 weeks of the high-fat diet administration, mice were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 10) and received iWAT injections of Rlipo, Vlipo, free R and saline (control) once per week for 5 weeks. R concentration was 17.5 mg/kg body weight/week. Body weight and food intake were measured weekly. Body composition of mice was measured using an EchoMRITM every other week. Paired sample t-test and One-way ANOVA were used to analyze differences between means. Results After 5-weeks of treatment compared to baseline, fat percentage differences were 1.99 ± 0.93%, 1.85 ± 0.58%, 1.45 ± 0.67%, and 1.40 ± 0.68% in control, free R, Vlipo and Rlipo groups, respectively. Body weight and fat mass showed a similar trend of change. Although control group showed an increase in lean mass (0.25 ± 0.95 g), RLipo group showed a decrease (−0.14 ± 0.52 g). Food intake was similar among four groups. Conclusions Nanoencapsulation of R can enhance R's anti-obesity effects. However longer treatment time might be necessary to see more prominent results. Funding Sources NIH/NCCIH (Grant R15AT008733).

scholarly journals Histopathological Study on The Effect of Neuregulin-1 Against Cardiotoxicity Induced By Trastuzumab in Adult Mice

2018 ◽  
pp. 63-77
Keyword(s):  
Intraperitoneal Injection ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cardiac Complications ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Neuregulin 1 ◽  
Adult Mice ◽  
Histological Score ◽  
Group B

Objective: This work carried out to investigate the potential therapeutic effect of Neuregulin-1 against cardiotoxicity induced by trastuzumab in male mice. Materials and Methods: Forty five adult male and female mice (weighing 35-50 gm) were divided into 3 groups randomly, each group contains 15 animals, group A which received distilled water as control by using intraperitoneal injection (IP) route for 10 days group B, received Trastuzumab as 6 mg/kg/day by using intraperitoneal injection route for 10 days while group C, received Neuregulin-1 (2.5 mg/day/animal) just before the administration of Trastuzumab (6mg/kg/day) given by IP route for 10 days. The significance of difference were tested by using ANOVA followed by Tukey test. Statistical significance depends on the P<0.05. Results: The histological score of cardiac tissue changes showed that a highly increase in mice administrated with trastuzumab when compared to control group while pretreatment with Neuregulin-1 , made a decrease in histological changing score when compared with trastuzumab group. The percentage of immunohistochemical score of stain uptake for TNF-α and IL-1β expression in cardiac tissue shows a highly increase in mice administrated when compared with control group, furthermore, pretreated with neuregulin-1 showed a decrease in the percentage of staining when compared with trastuzumab group. Conclusion: Neuregulin-1 can be used as a cardioprotective in cardiac complications of cancer treatment by its ability to attenuate the cardiotoxic effect of trastuzumab by decreasing in histological changing score and decrease in the percentage of staining when compared with trastuzumab group.

Fat Tissue Peptides Do Not Differentiate Two Types of Anorexia Nervosa - the Preliminary Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
M. Janas Kozik ◽  
M. Stachowicz ◽  
I. Krupka Matuszczyk ◽  
U. Mazurek ◽  
K. Krysta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Oligonucleotide Microarray ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fat Tissue ◽  
Tissue Protein ◽  
And Control ◽  
Restrictive Type

The pathogenesis of AnorexiaNervosa (AN) is still not entirely understood. DSM-IV classification differentiates two AN types: the restricting type (AN-R) and the binge-eating/purging type (AN-BP). We investigated four young women suffered from AN (two with AN-R and two with AN-BP) and the other four were our control group who did not suffer from eating disorder. The oligonucleotide microarray method (HG-U133A, Affymetrix) was used to determine the expression profile of genes coding fat tissue protein. On the oligonucleotide microarray HG-U133A were analyzed 15 transcripts representing 9 fat tissue genes (leptin, resistin, tumor necrosis factor, adiponectin, angiotensinogen, interleukin 6, chemerin, visvatin and SERPINE 1), which are potentially involved in mechanism of food intake and energy balance.The total RNA was extracted from peripheral blood mononuclears. The oligonucleotide microarray method analyzes genes expression by using the phenomenon of hybridization of single-thread RNA fragments with complementary DNA probes. The results were normalized using RMAExpress. The U Mann-Whitney test was used for statistical analysis. The p < 0.05 was accepted as the essential level of statistical significance. Statistical analysis was measured by using Statistica version 7.1 PL.None of 15 transcripts coding fat tissue protein differentiate two type of AN: the restrictive type of AN and binge-eating type of AN (p=0.7901) and none of investigated transcripts differentiate either the restrictive type of AN and control group (p=0.7001) or binge-eating type of AN and control group (p=0.8641).The fat tissue protein did not seem to be responsible for food intake.

Correlation of Metabolic Risk Factors with Sessile Serrated Lesions

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-179
Author(s):  
Melania Macarie ◽  
Simona Bataga ◽  
Simona Mocan ◽  
Monica Pantea ◽  
Razvan Opaschi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Interval Cancer ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anatomical Site ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Right Colon ◽  
Serrated Lesions ◽  
The Right

Background and Aims: The importance of sessile serrated lesions (SSLs) in the pathogenesis of colorectal carcinoma has been recently established. These are supposed to cause the so-called “interval cancer”, having a rapidly progressive growth and being difficult to detect and to obtain an endoscopic complete resection. We aimed to establish the most important metabolic risk factors for sessile serrated lesions. Methods: We performed a retrospective case-control study, on a series of 2918 consecutive patients who underwent colonoscopy in Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, County Clinical Emergency Hospital, Târgu-Mureș, Romania between 1 st of January 2015-31 th of December 2017. In order to evaluate the metabolic risk factors for polyps’ development, enrolled participants were stratified in two groups, a study group, 33 patients with SSLs lesions, and a control group, 138 patients with adenomatous polyps, selected by systematic sampling for age and anatomical site. Independent variables investigated were: gender, smoking, alcohol consumption, obesity, arterial hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperuricemia, nonalcoholic liver disease. Results: For SSLs the most common encountered localization was the right colon in 30.55% of cases. By comparative bivariate analysis between SSLs group and control group, it was observed that hypertension (p=0.03, OR 2.33, 95 %CI 1.03-5.24), obesity (p=0.03, OR 2.61, 95 %CI 1.08-6.30), hyperuricemia (p=0.04, OR 2.72, 95 %CI 1.28-7.55), high cholesterol (p=0.002, OR 3.42; 95 %CI 1.48-7.87), and high triglycerides level (p=0.0006, OR 5.75; 95 %CI 1.92-17.2) were statistically associated with SSLs development. By multivariate analysis hypertension and hypertriglyceridemia retained statistical significance. Conclusions: Our study showed that the highest prevalence of SSLs was in the right colon and hypertension and increased triglycerides levels were associated with the risk of SSLs development. These risk factors are easy to detect in clinical practice and may help identifying groups with high risk for colorectal cancer, where screening is recommended.

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