scholarly journals Association of low plasma antioxidant levels with all-cause mortality and coronary events in healthy middle-aged men from France and Northern Ireland in the PRIME study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gareth J. McKay ◽  
Natalie Lyner ◽  
Gerry J. Linden ◽  
Frank Kee ◽  
Marie Moitry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviours ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Plasma Antioxidant

Abstract Background The main underlying risk factors associated with coronary heart disease (CHD) are modifiable and oxidative injury and systemic inflammatory damage represent key aetiological factors associated with the development and progression of CHD and premature mortality. Objective To examine associations of plasma antioxidant status with all-cause mortality and fatal or non-fatal cardiovascular events. Design The PRIME study prospectively evaluated 9709 men aged 50–59 years between 1991 and 1993 in Northern Ireland and France who were free of CHD at recruitment and followed annually for deaths and cardiovascular events for 10 years. Serum concentrations of vitamin C, retinol, two forms of vitamin E (α- and γ-tocopherol) and six carotenoids were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography. Baseline conventional risk factors were considered, as well as socioeconomic differences and lifestyle behaviours including diet, smoking habit, physical activity, and alcohol consumption through Cox regression analyses. Results At 10 years, there were 538 deaths from any cause and 440 fatal or non-fatal cardiovascular events. After adjustment for country, age, systolic blood pressure, diabetes, body mass index, cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, height, total physical activity, alcohol consumption and smoking habit, higher levels of all antioxidants were associated with significantly lower risk of all-cause mortality, with the exception of γ-tocopherol. Only retinol was significantly associated with decreased risk of cardiovascular events in a fully adjusted model. Conclusions Low antioxidant levels contribute to the gradient of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular incidence independent of lifestyle behaviours and traditional cardiovascular and socioeconomic risk factors.

scholarly journals Behavioural Risk Factors Associated With Prostate Cancer: The Prostate Cancer Transatlantic Consortium (CaPTC) Cohort Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement 2) ◽  
pp. 5s-5s
Author(s):  
C.A. Oladoyinbo ◽  
O.O. Akinbule ◽  
A.A. Sobo ◽  
O.O. Bolajoko ◽  
I.E. Bassey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
West African ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Usa ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean

Background: Studies have linked genetic susceptibility to prostate cancer (CaP) to African heritage and familial disease. Also, lifestyle factors, general and central obesity have been identified as risk factors for CaP. Aim: To assess the behavioral risk factors associated with CaP among West-African men and US West African immigrants. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted among 480 respondents recruited from Nigeria, Cameroon and the United States. The CaPTC Familial Project study instrument was used to collect data on the background information of respondents, country specific residence information, physical activity level, smoking and alcohol consumption pattern, family and personal history of cancer and other types of cancers and knowledge of CaP. Anthropometric measurements were taken. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results: Majority (85.6%) were recruited from Nigeria, 5.5% from Cameroon and 8.9% from the USA and the mean age is 48.2±9.9. About three quarters (74.4%) have been married only once while 10.8% have been married for about 2-5 times. Few (3.3%) of the respondent's wives had cancer and 0.2% had cervical cancer. Less than 1% of respondent's daughters had cancer, 4.6% of their uncles had cancer. Among the respondent's full brothers and sisters, 0.4% had cancer and 1.5% of their birth mothers had cancer. Also a few (2.3%) of respondent's fathers had cancer and 11.9% of their paternal grandparents had one type of cancer. About 17.2% of respondents have been diagnosed of a prostate condition and 5.9% were diagnosed of CaP with 47.1% of those with CaP are from Nigeria, 49.6% from the USA and 3.3% from Cameroon. One-quarter (25.6%) have smoked at least once in their lifetime, 2.5% smoke daily and the mean age at which smoking commenced is 26.6±19.4. More than half (55.4%) had consumed alcohol at least once in their lifetime and the mean age at which alcohol consumption started is 9.9±11.9. Only 9.8% had adequate knowledge about CaP and 61.0% poor knowledge. About a quarter (25.5%) were obese with 3.3% being morbidly obese. One-third (32.3%) are involved in moderate physical activity and 17.9% in rigorous physical activity. No significant difference ( P = 0.492) was observed in the physical activity level from the different locations. However, a significant relationship was observed between alcohol consumption, smoking, body mass index and country of residence ( P = 0.001, 0.035 and 0.001 respectively). Cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption (frequency and quantity) was significantly higher among respondents from the USA. Obesity was also significantly higher among the respondents from Nigeria and the USA. Although not statistically significant, family history of cancer was more among respondents from Nigeria and the USA. Conclusion: Obesity, smoking, alcohol consumption seems to be a common practice among respondents from Nigeria and USA.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of hypertension in selected towns of Wollega zones, Western Ethiopia, 2019: A community-based cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 205031212110245
Author(s):  
Getu Mosisa ◽  
Bikila Regassa ◽  
Bayise Biru
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Hypertension remains an emerging public health problem globally, particularly in developing countries. Age, income level, obesity, alcohol consumption, smoking, vegetables and fruit consumption, physical activity and chat chewing were some risk factors of hypertension. However, there are limited data on the epidemiology of hypertension in Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess Epidemiology of Hypertension among the community of selected towns of Wollega zones. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 to 30 June 2019 in selected towns of Wollega zones. A multistage sampling technique was used to select 840 study participants. Data were collected using the WHO STEP wise approach. The data were coded and entered into EpiData 3, and exported to SPSS version 20.0 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted. Statistical significance was declared at p-value < 0.05. Results: The study included a total of 838 respondents with a response rate of 99.7%. The prevalence of hypertension was found to be 189 (22.6%) (95% confidence interval = 19.9%–25.2%). Of this, 108 (12.9%) and 81 (9.7%) of female and male were hypertensive, respectively. Age groups of 30–44 years (adjusted odds ratio = 2.65 (1.43, 4.89)), 45–59 years (adjusted odds ratio = 3.55 (1.79, 7.04)), above 60 years (adjusted odds ratio = 2.97 (1.43, 6.18)), having history of alcohol consumption (adjusted odds ratio = 4.29 (2.4, 7.66)), involving in vigorous physical activity (adjusted odds ratio = 0.096 (0.028, 0.33)), not walking to and from the work (adjusted odds ratio = 13.12 (8.34, 20.67)), being overweight (adjusted odds ratio = 1.98 (1.21, 3.25)), inadequate fruits serving per day (adjusted odds ratio = 2.93 (1.75, 4.88)) were significantly associated with hypertension. Conclusion: The prevalence of hypertension was found to be high in the study area. Older age, alcohol consumption, not engaging in vigorous activity, physical inactivity, being overweight and inadequate intake of fruits were found to be risk factors for hypertension. Therefore, health care providers should provide extensive health education and promotion on recommended lifestyle modification to tackle the burden of hypertension.

Prevalence of and factors associated with insufficient physical activity among adolescents: evidence from a nationwide survey in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Md Mokbul Hossain ◽  
Fahmida Akter ◽  
Abu Abdullah Mohammad Hanif ◽  
Md Showkat Ali Khan ◽  
Abu Ahmed Shamim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
World Health ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Adolescent Girls And Boys ◽  
The World ◽  
Insufficient Physical Activity ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract The World Health Organization set a target of a 15% relative reduction in the prevalence of insufficient physical activity (IPA) by 2025 among adolescents and adults globally. In Bangladesh, there are no national estimates of the prevalence of IPA among adolescents. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of and risk factors associated with IPA among adolescent girls and boys. Data for 4865 adolescent girls and 4907 adolescent boys, collected as a part of a National Nutrition Surveillance in 2018–19, were analysed for this study. A modified version of the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) was used to collect physical activity data. The World Health Organization recommended cut-off points were used to estimate the prevalence of IPA. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with IPA. Prevalences of IPA among adolescent girls and boys were 50.3% and 29.0%, respectively, and the prevalence was significantly higher among early adolescents (10–14 years) than late adolescents (15–19 years) among both boys and girls. The IPA prevalence was highest among adolescents living in non-slum urban areas (girls: 77.7%; boys: 64.1%). For both boys and girls, younger age, non-slum urban residence, higher paternal education and increased television viewing time were significantly associated with IPA. Additionally, residing in slums was significantly associated with IPA only among the boys. Higher maternal education was associated with IPA only among the girls. This study identified several modifiable risk factors associated with IPA among adolescent boys and girls in Bangladesh. These factors should be addressed through comprehensive public health interventions to promote physical activity among adolescent girls and boys.

scholarly journals Evitapp: Persuasive Application for Physical Activity and Smoking Cessation

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (19) ◽  
pp. 1208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Bascur ◽  
Pedro Rossel ◽  
Valeria Herskovic ◽  
Claudia Martínez-Carrasco
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Sedentary Lifestyle ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Tracking Devices

The most important risk factors for cardiovascular health are smoking and a sedentary lifestyle. This paper proposes Evitapp, a mobile application designed to promote physical activity and smoking cessation. The application does not use additional tracking devices, rather relying on phone sensors to track physical activity, and on users logging their behavior. Nineteen users tested the application over 10 days. Participants found the applications easy to use and used them approximately once per day. Even though the habits of the experiment participants did not change significantly, those who used the smoking cessation application reported decreasing their smoking habit.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Determinants of High Blood Pressure among Adolescents: A School based Study in Rural Area of Hooghly District, West Bengal

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 205-210
Author(s):  
Malay Kumar Das ◽  
Rabindranath Sinha ◽  
Aparajita Dasgupta
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

Introduction: The World Health Organization has already warned of increasing non-communicable diseases among adolescents as a major public health problem. The importance of this age group also lies in the fact that many serious diseases in adulthood have their roots in adolescence. Method: A pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaire was used in class-room setting to collect information from students regarding presence of risk factors of non-communicable diseases. The respondents were also subjected to anthropometric measurements and blood pressure examination using standard operating procedures. Results: A total of 761 students of class VI-XII participated in the study of which 61.4% were boys and rests were girls. High blood pressure among boys and girls were 19.9% and 22.1% were respectively. In Bivariate analysis age > 15 years (median) (OR= 2.11), fast food intake (>3 times/week) (OR= 1.66), Alcohol consumption (OR= 2.22), less physical activity (OR=1.54), increased body mass index (OR=2.53), significantly associated with high blood pressure. In Multivariate analysis age (AOR= 2.25), fast food intake (AOR= 1.50), Alcohol consumption (OR= 2.23), less physical activity (AOR=1.71), increased body mass index (AOR=2.42) remains significant predictor. Conclusion: Detecting the risk factors of high blood pressure prevalent in the population is of utmost importance to achieve a healthy population. Formulation and dissemination of need--based, culturally acceptable and age appropriate scientific messages for school students should be conducted more proactively. Keywords: Adolescents, Blood pressure, Risk factor, Rural school.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Abdominal Obesity in the Productive Age in Surabaya

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Fani Kusteviani
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Regression Result ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Sugary Drinks ◽  
Fat Deposits

Obesity has become a public health and nutrition issues the world both developed countries and developing countries, including Indonesia. Abdominal obesity is one type of obesity where there is abdominal fat deposits as measured by waist circumference. Abdominal obesity is more at risk of health problems such as diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, hypertension and cardiovascular disease than general obesity. Behavioral and environmental factors as well as genetic plays a role in the onset of abdominal obesity. The purpose of the study was to analyze factors associated with abdominal obesity in the productive age (15–64 years) in Surabaya. The independent variables used were age, sex, marital status, family size, education, occupation, smoking, physical activity, consumption of vegetables and or fruit, food or sugary drinks, fatty foods and mental health. This research was analytical study use cross sectional design. The study used secondary data from Basic Health Research Surabaya 2007 amounted to 2191 respondents by simple random sampling. Data were analyzed with Chi-square test and logistic regression. Result of analysis showed that risk factors of abdominal obesity were age 35–64 years, female gender and married or divorced status, level of education ≤ SMA and consume fatty food regularly. The most influential risk factors are female. Increasing knowledge, physical activity, and reducing fat intake can prevent the risk of abdominal obesity.Keyword: abdominal obesity, productive age, lifestyle, female

Abstract 14541: Incidence, Risk Factors, and Outcomes of Heart Failure in Patients With Graves’ Disease

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jwan A Naser ◽  
Sorin Pislaru ◽  
Marius N Stan ◽  
Grace Lin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Overt Hyperthyroidism

Background: Graves’ disease (GD) can both aggravate pre-existing cardiac disease and cause de novo heart failure (HF). Due to the rarity of thyrotoxic HF, population-based studies are lacking, and data from smaller studies are widely variable. Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 1371 consecutive patients with GD evaluated at our clinic between 2009 and 2019. HF was defined according to Framingham criteria. GD-related HFrEF was defined by left ventricular ejection fraction of <50%, while HFpEF was defined according to the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology. Outcomes of major cardiovascular events, all-cause mortality, and cardiac hospitalizations were analyzed with adjustments for age, gender, and history of coronary artery disease (CAD). 1:1 matching with controls (age, gender, and CAD) was additionally done. Results: HF occurred in 74 patients (31 HFrEF; 43 HFpEF). Incidence of GD-related HF, HFrEF, and HFpEF was 5.4%, 2.3%, and 3.1%, respectively. In HFrEF, atrial fibrillation (AF) (RR 10.05, p <0.001) and thyrotropin receptor antibodies (TRAb) level (RR 1.05 per unit, p=0.005) were independent predisposing factors. In HFpEF, independent risk factors were COPD (RR 5.78, p < 0.001), older age (RR 1.48 per 10 years, p = 0.003), overt hyperthyroidism (RR 5.37, p = 0.021), higher BMI (1.06 per unit, p = 0.003), and HTN (RR 3.03, p = 0.011). Rates of cardiac hospitalizations were higher in HFrEF (41.9% vs 3.2%, p <0.001) and HFpEF (44.2% vs 4.7%, p < 0.001) compared to controls. Furthermore, while both increased risk of strokes (HFrEF: RR 4.12, p = 0.027; HFpEF: RR 4.64, p = 0.009), only HFrEF increased risk of all-cause mortality (RR 3.78, p = 0.045). Conclusion: De novo HF occurs in 5.4% of patients with GD and increases the rate of cardiovascular events. HF occurs more frequently in GD patients with AF, higher TRAb, higher BMI, and overt hyperthyroidism, suggesting that these may be targets for treatment to prevent cardiovascular complications, especially in older multimorbid patients.

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