scholarly journals Behavioural Risk Factors Associated With Prostate Cancer: The Prostate Cancer Transatlantic Consortium (CaPTC) Cohort Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement 2) ◽  
pp. 5s-5s
Author(s):  
C.A. Oladoyinbo ◽  
O.O. Akinbule ◽  
A.A. Sobo ◽  
O.O. Bolajoko ◽  
I.E. Bassey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
West African ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Usa ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean

Background: Studies have linked genetic susceptibility to prostate cancer (CaP) to African heritage and familial disease. Also, lifestyle factors, general and central obesity have been identified as risk factors for CaP. Aim: To assess the behavioral risk factors associated with CaP among West-African men and US West African immigrants. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted among 480 respondents recruited from Nigeria, Cameroon and the United States. The CaPTC Familial Project study instrument was used to collect data on the background information of respondents, country specific residence information, physical activity level, smoking and alcohol consumption pattern, family and personal history of cancer and other types of cancers and knowledge of CaP. Anthropometric measurements were taken. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results: Majority (85.6%) were recruited from Nigeria, 5.5% from Cameroon and 8.9% from the USA and the mean age is 48.2±9.9. About three quarters (74.4%) have been married only once while 10.8% have been married for about 2-5 times. Few (3.3%) of the respondent's wives had cancer and 0.2% had cervical cancer. Less than 1% of respondent's daughters had cancer, 4.6% of their uncles had cancer. Among the respondent's full brothers and sisters, 0.4% had cancer and 1.5% of their birth mothers had cancer. Also a few (2.3%) of respondent's fathers had cancer and 11.9% of their paternal grandparents had one type of cancer. About 17.2% of respondents have been diagnosed of a prostate condition and 5.9% were diagnosed of CaP with 47.1% of those with CaP are from Nigeria, 49.6% from the USA and 3.3% from Cameroon. One-quarter (25.6%) have smoked at least once in their lifetime, 2.5% smoke daily and the mean age at which smoking commenced is 26.6±19.4. More than half (55.4%) had consumed alcohol at least once in their lifetime and the mean age at which alcohol consumption started is 9.9±11.9. Only 9.8% had adequate knowledge about CaP and 61.0% poor knowledge. About a quarter (25.5%) were obese with 3.3% being morbidly obese. One-third (32.3%) are involved in moderate physical activity and 17.9% in rigorous physical activity. No significant difference ( P = 0.492) was observed in the physical activity level from the different locations. However, a significant relationship was observed between alcohol consumption, smoking, body mass index and country of residence ( P = 0.001, 0.035 and 0.001 respectively). Cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption (frequency and quantity) was significantly higher among respondents from the USA. Obesity was also significantly higher among the respondents from Nigeria and the USA. Although not statistically significant, family history of cancer was more among respondents from Nigeria and the USA. Conclusion: Obesity, smoking, alcohol consumption seems to be a common practice among respondents from Nigeria and USA.

Risk factors for diabetes mellitus and hypertension among artisans in Ogun state, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 695-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathrine A. Oladoyinbo ◽  
Adenike Mercy Abiodun ◽  
Mariam Oluwatoyin Oyalowo ◽  
Irene Obaji ◽  
Abisola Margaret Oyelere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Purpose This study was designed to assess the risk factors associated with hypertension (HTN) and diabetes among artisans in Ogun State, Nigeria. Evidences suggest increasing prevalence, incidences and morbidity of diabetes and HTN in Nigeria. However, the purpose of this study is to plan and prioritize effective intervention programs, there is need to provide data on the prevalence and risk factors for HTN and diabetes among local groups. Design/methodology/approach In total 300 apparently healthy artisans who have never been diagnosed of diabetes or HTN were randomly selected from five communities. A structured questionnaire was used in obtaining information on the personal characteristics of the respondents. An adapted dietary habit and lifestyle questionnaire were used to assess the dietary habits and lifestyle of the respondents. The WHO global activity questionnaire was adapted and used to gather information on the physical activity level of the respondents. Random blood glucose, blood pressure and anthropometric measurements were assessed using standard instruments. Chi-square (χ2), correlations and multinomial logistic regression analysis were performed to identify significant determinants of diabetes and HTN. Findings Mean age was 34.8 ± 9.9 and prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes were 1 and 4.7 per cent, respectively, while HTN and pre-HTN were 48.0 and 30.3 per cent, respectively. About half (55.7 per cent) of the respondents skip at least a meal daily and 31 per cent snack daily. Most (61.4 per cent) consume alcohol and 65.7 per cent engage in high physical activity. Abdominal obesity was significantly higher among women (p = 0.004). Using the chi-square analysis, age, abdominal obesity and educational status were factors found to be significantly associated with diabetes (p = 0.002; p = 0.007; p = 0.004) while age, gender, abdominal obesity and alcohol consumption had significant association with HTN. Although not statistically significant, respondents were 0.8, 1.0 and 1.1 times more likely to be diabetic with increasing body mass index, waist circumference (WC) and age (odd ratio (OR) = 0.78; confidence intervals (CI): 0.51-1.18; OR = 1.04; CI: 0.89-1.21; OR = 1.06; CI: 0.96-1.18, respectively). Abdominal obesity was significantly associated with HTN (OR = 1.08; CI: 1.03-1.13; p = 0.001). Also, older respondents were 1.1 times more likely of becoming hypertensive (OR = 1.07; CI: 1.02-1.11; p = 0.003). Increased risk of diabetes and HTN was found among respondents with increasing age and WC. Research limitations/implications This study was cross-sectional in design; it cannot be used to establish a cause-effect relationship between diabetes, HTN and the observed variables (anthropometric characteristics, dietary habits and lifestyle risk factors). Because of the few numbers (1 per cent) of respondents identified to be diabetic several important risk factors could not be included in the model. Practical implications An understanding of the risk factors associated with diabetes and HTN among sub-groups in the population will help to plan effective interventions targeted at specific groups. Originality/value The findings of this study show the associated risk factors for diabetes and HTN among artisans in Ogun State.

scholarly journals Socio-demographic and clinical pattern of patients attending a neuropsychiatric hospital in Nigeria: A five-year retrospective study

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shehu Sale
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Clinical Pattern ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean

Psychiatric disorders contribute significantly to disability worldwide. The various risk factors associated with their prevalence and outcomes are also influenced by the region individuals live in. This study was carried out to assess the sociodemographic and clinical pattern of patients attending a neuropsychiatric hospital. It was a retrospective descriptive study of patients managed for psychiatric disorders at the hospital. Medical case notes of 246 patients were selected by simple random sampling. A sociodemographic and clinical variables questionnaire was designed to collate the data. The mean age of patients was 29.1 years and consisted mostly of young adults. There was approximately an equal number of patients of both genders. Approximately 66.3% of the patients were married, and 98.4% had no formal education. More than half were unemployed and a great number (37.4%) was being managed for epilepsy. The report of a family history of mental illness was relatively low compared to other studies. The sociodemographic and clinical pattern of mental disorders are embedded in the regional and cultural settings patients find themselves and this may lead to unique or differing risk factors across study settings.

Factors associated with long-term haemoptysis recurrence after transarterial embolisation for haemoptysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 606-611
Author(s):  
Y. Li ◽  
Z. Jia ◽  
S. Li ◽  
Y. Huang ◽  
X. Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Fresh Blood ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Transarterial Embolisation ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean

OBJECTIVE: To assess factors associated with long-term haemoptysis recurrence after transarterial embolisation (TAE) for haemoptysis due to bronchiectasis.METHODS: Patients with haemoptysis due to bronchiectasis who underwent TAE between May 2010 and May 2019 were included in this retrospective study. Long-term haemoptysis recurrence was defined as the expectoration of >10 mL/day of fresh blood (for at least 1 day) 1 month after TAE. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify risk factors for long-term haemoptysis recurrence after TAE.RESULTS: A total of 197 patients (108 women; mean age, 61.0 ± 12.2 years) were included in the study. TAE was performed successfully in all patients. Side effects occurred in 43 (21.8%) patients, and all patients recovered uneventfully. During 37.6 ± 11.6 months of follow-up, long-term haemoptysis recurrence occurred in 41 (20.8%) patients; the mean interval between the TAE and haemoptysis recurrence was 21.4 ± 16.3 months. Long-term haemoptysis recurrence after TAE was associated with a history of haemoptysis (OR 3.483, 95% CI 1.373–8.836; P = 0.009).CONCLUSIONS: Approximately one fifth patients with bronchiectasis had long-term haemoptysis recurrence after TAE. Risk factor for long-term haemoptysis recurrence after TAE was a history of haemoptysis.

scholarly journals Association of low plasma antioxidant levels with all-cause mortality and coronary events in healthy middle-aged men from France and Northern Ireland in the PRIME study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gareth J. McKay ◽  
Natalie Lyner ◽  
Gerry J. Linden ◽  
Frank Kee ◽  
Marie Moitry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviours ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Plasma Antioxidant

Abstract Background The main underlying risk factors associated with coronary heart disease (CHD) are modifiable and oxidative injury and systemic inflammatory damage represent key aetiological factors associated with the development and progression of CHD and premature mortality. Objective To examine associations of plasma antioxidant status with all-cause mortality and fatal or non-fatal cardiovascular events. Design The PRIME study prospectively evaluated 9709 men aged 50–59 years between 1991 and 1993 in Northern Ireland and France who were free of CHD at recruitment and followed annually for deaths and cardiovascular events for 10 years. Serum concentrations of vitamin C, retinol, two forms of vitamin E (α- and γ-tocopherol) and six carotenoids were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography. Baseline conventional risk factors were considered, as well as socioeconomic differences and lifestyle behaviours including diet, smoking habit, physical activity, and alcohol consumption through Cox regression analyses. Results At 10 years, there were 538 deaths from any cause and 440 fatal or non-fatal cardiovascular events. After adjustment for country, age, systolic blood pressure, diabetes, body mass index, cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, height, total physical activity, alcohol consumption and smoking habit, higher levels of all antioxidants were associated with significantly lower risk of all-cause mortality, with the exception of γ-tocopherol. Only retinol was significantly associated with decreased risk of cardiovascular events in a fully adjusted model. Conclusions Low antioxidant levels contribute to the gradient of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular incidence independent of lifestyle behaviours and traditional cardiovascular and socioeconomic risk factors.

scholarly journals Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Hipertensi pada Masyarakat RW 009 Kelurahan Bojong Menteng Bekasi 2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-148
Author(s):  
Hadistia Maulitanisa
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Health Checks ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
History Of

ABSTRACT Hypertension or often known as "high" is one of the non-communicable diseases, which is currently a big and serious problem. This study aims to determine the factors associated with the incidence of hypertension in RW 009 community in Bojong Menteng Bekasi Village in 2018. This research is analytic by using cross sectional study design. This research was conducted from January 2018 until July 2018 with a total sample of 161 people. The instruments used in this study were sphygmomanometer, microtoise, weight scales and questionnaires. Data analysis was carried out by univariate and bivariate using chi square test. The results of the study found 47.2% of respondents who experienced hypertension, who were at risk (≥40 years) as much as 58.4%, male gender as much as 47.2%, history of family hypertension as much as 60.2%, obesity as much as 59 , 6%, smoking as much as 26.1%, less active physical activity by 53.4% and alcohol consumption by 1.2%. Furthermore, variables related to the incidence of hypertension were age (p = 0,000) PR 1,996 (95% CI: 1,334-2,986), history of family hypertension (p = 0,000) PR 3,197 (95% CI: 1,926-5,308), obesity (p = 0,000) PR 1,647 (95% CI: 1,264-2,145), smoking (p = 0,041) PR 1,473 (95% CI: 1,072-2,024), physical activity (p = 0,029) PR 1,495 (95% CI: 1,055- 2,118 ) Whereas, variables that were not related to the incidence of hypertension were sex (p = 0.252) PR 1.243 (95% CI: 0.896-1.724) and alcohol consumption (p = 1,000) PR 1.060 (95% CI: 0.263-4.280).The advice given to the puskesmas is that it is necessary to encourage the community, together with the head of RW 009 to raise awareness on routine health checks and routine exercise every holiday. Keywords: Hypertension, Factors that cause hypertension

Prediction of Prostate Cancer for Patients Receiving Finasteride: Results From the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (21) ◽  
pp. 3076-3081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian M. Thompson ◽  
Donna Pauler Ankerst ◽  
Chen Chi ◽  
Phyllis J. Goodman ◽  
Catherine M. Tangen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Prostate Biopsy ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Negative Biopsy ◽  
Prostate Cancer Prevention ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

Purpose Using data from men in the finasteride group of the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial (PCPT), we evaluated the impact of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and other risk factors on the risk of prostate cancer. Methods Four thousand four hundred forty men in the finasteride group of the PCPT underwent prostate biopsy, had at least one PSA and a digital rectal exam (DRE) during the year before biopsy, had at least two PSA values from the 3 years before biopsy, and were on finasteride at the time of PSA evaluation. Logistic regression was conducted using the variables age, race, family history of prostate cancer, PSA, PSA velocity, and DRE adjusting for history of prior prostate biopsy. Results Six hundred forty-nine (14.6%) of 4,440 men were diagnosed with prostate cancer; 250 had Gleason 7 or higher cancer. Factors associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer included high PSA value and a rising PSA (24.9% risk for PSA value of 1.0 ng/mL and 24.8% risk for a rising PSA), family history of prostate cancer, abnormal DRE result, African American race, and older age. Factors associated with an increased risk of Gleason 7 or higher grade prostate cancer included PSA, abnormal DRE, and older age. A prior negative biopsy was associated with decreased risk of prostate cancer and high-grade prostate cancer. Conclusion Risk factors for prostate cancer on biopsy for men receiving finasteride include PSA, DRE, age, race, family history, and history of a prior negative biopsy. With the exception of the approximate reduction of PSA by half with finasteride, the impact of these risk factors is similar to men who do not receive finasteride.

scholarly journals Similarities and Differences in Epidemiology and Risk Factors of Cerebral and Myocardial Ischemic Disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (s1) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Angelina Stevanovic ◽  
Danijela Tasic ◽  
Nebojsa Tasic ◽  
Dalibor Dragisic ◽  
Miroslav Mitrovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
History Of

Abstract Ischemic heart disease and cerebral ischemia represent the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Both entities share risk factors, pathophisiology and etiologic aspects by means of a main common mechanism, atherosclerosis. The autors aimed to investigate differences and similarities in epidemiology and risk factors that could be found between both entities. In a retrospective sudy 403 patients were included and divided into two groups: group of 289 patients with history of myocardial infarction (AMI), and group of 114 patients with history of ischemic stroke (IS). All patients were evaluated for nonmodifiable risk faktors, which included age and sex, and modifiable, such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, obesity, physical activity and smoking. Diff erences in some epidemiological aspects were also considered: occupation, marital status, alcohol consumption, exposure to stress. Patients with history of IS were significantly older then AMI patients (64.0 ± 9.9 vs 64.0 ± 9.9, p=0,028), with higher diastolic blood pressure (87,1 ± 10,2 vs 83,6 ± 10,4, p=0,003) and higher Sokolow-Lyon index in ECG, an also index of left ventricular hypertrophy (19,2 ± 9,1 vs 14,7 ± 6,5). Th ere were no significant differences between groups in the estimated body mass index and waist circumference. Differences between groups in stress exposure, occupation, alcohol consumption or physical activity were no significant. Patients in AMI group were more frequently male (199 (69%) vs 59 (52%), p=0,001), married (252 (87%) vs 88 (77%), p=0,037), smokers (162 (56%) vs 50 (44%), p=0,018) and with higher incidence od dyslipidemia (217 (75%) vs 73 (64%), p=0,019) compared with IS group. Incidence of arterial hypertension and diabetes was similar in both groups. Both entities share similar pathophysiological mechanisms and, consequently, main traditional risk factors. However, incidence of myocardial infarction increases with male sex, dyslipidemia, smoking and marital status, while incidense of ischemic stroke increases with age, higher diastolic blood pressure and also with ECG signs of left ventricular hypertrophy.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of hypertension in selected towns of Wollega zones, Western Ethiopia, 2019: A community-based cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 205031212110245
Author(s):  
Getu Mosisa ◽  
Bikila Regassa ◽  
Bayise Biru
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Hypertension remains an emerging public health problem globally, particularly in developing countries. Age, income level, obesity, alcohol consumption, smoking, vegetables and fruit consumption, physical activity and chat chewing were some risk factors of hypertension. However, there are limited data on the epidemiology of hypertension in Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess Epidemiology of Hypertension among the community of selected towns of Wollega zones. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 to 30 June 2019 in selected towns of Wollega zones. A multistage sampling technique was used to select 840 study participants. Data were collected using the WHO STEP wise approach. The data were coded and entered into EpiData 3, and exported to SPSS version 20.0 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted. Statistical significance was declared at p-value < 0.05. Results: The study included a total of 838 respondents with a response rate of 99.7%. The prevalence of hypertension was found to be 189 (22.6%) (95% confidence interval = 19.9%–25.2%). Of this, 108 (12.9%) and 81 (9.7%) of female and male were hypertensive, respectively. Age groups of 30–44 years (adjusted odds ratio = 2.65 (1.43, 4.89)), 45–59 years (adjusted odds ratio = 3.55 (1.79, 7.04)), above 60 years (adjusted odds ratio = 2.97 (1.43, 6.18)), having history of alcohol consumption (adjusted odds ratio = 4.29 (2.4, 7.66)), involving in vigorous physical activity (adjusted odds ratio = 0.096 (0.028, 0.33)), not walking to and from the work (adjusted odds ratio = 13.12 (8.34, 20.67)), being overweight (adjusted odds ratio = 1.98 (1.21, 3.25)), inadequate fruits serving per day (adjusted odds ratio = 2.93 (1.75, 4.88)) were significantly associated with hypertension. Conclusion: The prevalence of hypertension was found to be high in the study area. Older age, alcohol consumption, not engaging in vigorous activity, physical inactivity, being overweight and inadequate intake of fruits were found to be risk factors for hypertension. Therefore, health care providers should provide extensive health education and promotion on recommended lifestyle modification to tackle the burden of hypertension.

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