Risk assessment on landslides focused on the role of the water: examples from model regions (Rio de Janeiro State and Hong Kong)

AbstractLandslides are one of the most vital natural hazards on Earth. To satisfy the demand for protection against landslides, it is necessary to systematically assess and manage landslide hazards and risk. Landslide mechanisms related to hydrology are analyzed with focus in the major risks, and formal risk assessment methodologies are presented in the paper. Issues related to risk assessment are discussed and different steps are described. The management of accidents in slopes is discussed, with particular emphasis to Hong Kong and Rio de Janeiro in Brazil. Hong Kong is a region of China with a large population density and very mountainous. There is a history of tragic accidents in the slopes. The territory has a tradition of a high standard in the practice of slope engineering. The establishment of an efficient security system developed by Geotechnical Engineering Office was established in the territory. Also, specific aspects of slope instability in the state of Rio de Janeiro are discussed, and in Rio de Janeiro city, with focus on cases which occurred in the mountainous region of the State. The mega-disaster that occurred in 2011, with high number of deaths and significant economic losses, is studied with incidence in individual landslides.

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Animal infections by vaccinia-like viruses in the state of Rio de Janeiro: an expanding disease

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0100-736x2009000700004 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 29 (7) ◽

pp. 509-514 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Hermann G. Schatzmayr ◽

Bruno R. Simonetti ◽

Danielle C. Abreu ◽

José P. Simonetti ◽

Sandra R. Simonetti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cattle ◽

Rio De Janeiro ◽

Close Contact ◽

Vero Cells ◽

The State ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Virus Infections ◽

Wild Rodents ◽

Tissue Samples ◽

Northwestern Region

In the present study we investigated the presence of infections by vaccinia-like viruses in dairy cattle from 12 counties in the state of Rio de Janeiro in the last 9 years. Clinical specimens were collected from adult animals with vesicular/pustular lesions mainly in the udder and teats, and from calves with lesions around the nose and mouth. A plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) was applied to search for antibodies to Orthopoxvirus; the vesicular/pustular fluids and scabs were examined by PCR, electron microscopy (EM) and by inoculation in VERO cells for virus isolation. Antibodies to Orthopoxvirus were detected in most cases. The PCR test indicated a high nucleotide homology among the isolates and the vaccinia viruses (VACV) used as controls. By EM, typical orthopoxvirus particles were observed in some specimens. The agents isolated in tissue culture were confirmed as vaccinia-like viruses by EM and PCR. The HA gene of the vaccinia-like Cantagalo/IOC virus isolated in our laboratory was sequenced and compared with other vaccinia-like isolates, showing high homology with the original Cantagalo strain, both strains isolated in 1999 from dairy cattle. Antibodies to Orthopoxvirus were detected in one wild rodent (genus Akodon sp.) collected in the northwestern region of the state, indicating the circulation of poxvirus in this area. Nonetheless, PCR applied to tissue samples collected from the wild rodents were negative. Vesicular/pustular lesions in people in close contact with animals have been also recorded. Thus, the vaccinia-like virus infections in cattle and humans in the state seem to be an expanding condition, resulting in economic losses to dairy herds and leading to transient incapacitating human disease. Therefore, a possible immunization of the dairy cattle in the state should be carefully evaluated.

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TRANSFORMATIONS IN COMMUNITY ASSOCIATIONS AND POLITICAL PROCESSES IN A RIO DE JANEIRO “FAVELA”

Vibrant Virtual Brazilian Anthropology ◽

10.1590/1809-43412017v14n3p216 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Livia De Tommasi ◽

Dafne Jazmin Velazco

Keyword(s):

Rio De Janeiro ◽

Field Research ◽

The State ◽

Political Organization ◽

Critical Events ◽

Political Processes ◽

Community Associations ◽

External Agents ◽

History Of

Abstract The result of field research conducted in a Rio de Janeiro favela, the article discusses transformations in the organization of community associations. In particular, it describes the weakening of local associations that are traditionally regarded as representative of the community and the rise of new forms of association, indicating their distinctive characteristics in terms of relations with external agents (from the state and other spheres) and forms of organization and action. We place these processes in a long timeframe, prior to the installation of the Police Pacification Units in 2009 and to the following entrance of new state and private agents. We review critical events in the history of the local political organization, to discuss the multiple assemblages that affect the organization of the favela residents.

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Contemporary Re-emergence of the Qipao: Political Nationalism, Cultural Production and Popular Consumption of a Traditional Chinese Dress

The China Quarterly ◽

10.1017/s0305741006000841 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 189 ◽

pp. 144-161 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Matthew Chew

Keyword(s):

Hong Kong ◽

Significant Role ◽

Cultural Production ◽

Cultural Nationalism ◽

The State ◽

Recent History ◽

The Political ◽

Symbolic Meanings ◽

History Of ◽

Broad Scale

The qipao ceased to be worn for everyday occasions afer the 1950s in the PRC and the late 1960s in Hong Kong, Taiwan and Singapore. But it has powerfully re-emerged in the last few years. This is puzzling considering the swiftness and broad scale of the re-emergence, and the qipao's recent history of being marginalized. Are the political and cultural elites responsible and what motivated them? Besides political and cultural nationalism, are there other reasons that have led a large number of people to resume wearing the qipao? This study finds that the state did not play a significant role in the qipao's re-emergence, that cultural producers and celebrities contributed much to it, and that the symbolic meanings of the modern historical qipao have been repackaged and now cater to a variety of consumers for very different reasons.

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Disintegration risk assessment for states of Venezuela

Regional'nye issledovaniya ◽

10.5922/1994-5280-2019-4-7 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 85-97

Author(s):

V. S. Skachkov

Keyword(s):

Risk Assessment ◽

High Risk ◽

The State ◽

Expert Assessment ◽

The West ◽

Development Indicators ◽

Transport Connectivity ◽

History Of ◽

Territorial Disparities ◽

Military Units

The article attempts to assess the risks of spatial disintegration of regions using the example of Venezuela. The author proposes his expert assessment of the role and mechanism of each factor of disintegration. The author explores the following factors facilitating disintegration: historical (a history of regional disintegration), socioeconomic (territorial disparities in human development indicators), domestic-political (the electoral geography of the state), ethnocultural (differences in the racial composition of the population by states), transport (the level of transport connectivity of the state with neighbouring states), military-strategic (the deployment of large military units ) and foreign policy (the influence of the neighbouring states on border territories). It has been established that the four states of Venezuela (Amazonas, Bolivar, Zulia and Tachira) are characterized by a high risk of disintegration due to a combination of several factors, which are closely related to each other. The author concludes that the disintegration in the west of the country, in the states of Zulia and Tachira, is fundamentally different from the disintegration of the states of Amazonas and Bolivar, both in terms of factors leading to the disintegration and their manifestation.

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THE HISTORY OF CAPOEIRA IN THE SOUTH REGION OF THE STATE OF RIO DE JANEIRO: REUPDATES FROM THE PAST BY THE GUARDIANS OF MEMORY

Educación Física y Deporte ◽

10.17533/udea.efyd.v35n1a04 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 97-116

Author(s):

Alvaro Rego Millen Neto ◽

Álvaro Bergamini Gusmão ◽

Marco Antônio Santoro Salvador

Keyword(s):

Rio De Janeiro ◽

The State ◽

The South ◽

The Past ◽

History Of ◽

Del Rio

El documento tiene como objetivo investigar uma versión de la historia de capoeira en la región sur del Río de Janeiro. Para ello, se realizó una encuesta que se estructura a partir de la metodología de la historia oral y las teorías acerca de la memoria. Las fuentes consultadas tienen como base los informes de ocho maestros de capoeira que trabajan en la región investigada. Los informes permiten observar la importancia de un maestro que es poco recordado por la memoria colectiva de los practicantes más nuevos. También es posible inferir que los maestros que optaron por una raíz que demarca identidad resisten las influencias culturales globalizadas, actualmente tienen menos cuotas de poder en el mercado de capoeira en la región.

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Occurrences of whiteflies (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) on cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) crops under field conditions in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

EntomoBrasilis ◽

10.12741/ebrasilis.v5i1.170 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 78-79 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Rodrigo da Silva Alonso ◽

Francisco Racca-Filho ◽

Aurino Florêncio de Lima

Keyword(s):

South America ◽

Manihot Esculenta ◽

Rio De Janeiro ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Neotropical Region ◽

The State ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽

First Time ◽

Second World

Brazil is the second world largest cassava producer and the largest one in South America. The aleyrodids, commonly known as whiteflies, are pests that affect cassava crops and might induce economic losses, due to high infestation levels. The objective of this work was to survey the whitefly species that occur feeding on cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) crops in the State of Rio de Janeiro. Leaf samplings were conducted in five municipalities of the State and the species identification was realised according to morphological characters of the 4th instar nymphs. Among the 16 aleyrodid species described feeding on cassava in the Neotropical region, Aleurothrixus aepim (Göeldi), Bemisia tuberculata Bondar and Trialeurodes manihoti (Bondar) were identified occurring in the State. The species B. tuberculata and T. manihoti are reported for the first time in the State of Rio de Janeiro, where they were found feeding on cassava crops. Ocorrências de Moscas-Brancas (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) em Lavouras de Mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz) sob Condições de Campo no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Resumo. O Brasil é o segundo maior produtor mundial de mandioca e o maior produtor do continente sul americano. Os aleirodídeos, insetos comumente conhecidos como moscas-brancas, são pragas que acometem esta cultura e podem causar prejuízos econômicos, em decorrência de altas infestações. O objetivo deste trabalho foi levantar as espécies de moscas-brancas que ocorrem na cultura da mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz) no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Foram realizadas amostragens de folhas em lavouras localizadas em cinco municípios do estado e a identificação das espécies foi feita por caracteres morfológicos das ninfas de 4.º instar. Das 16 espécies de aleirodídeos descritas na região Neotropical em plantas de mandioca, três foram identificadas ocorrendo no estado, Aleurothrixus aepim (Göeldi), Bemisia tuberculata Bondar e Trialeurodes manihoti (Bondar). É registrada pela primeira vez no estado a presença das espécies B. tuberculata e T. manihoti em lavouras de mandioca.

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Campylobacter isolation from the feces of sheep with a history of reproductive disorders bred in the state of São Paulo, Brazil

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2015v36n6supl2p4207 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 36 (6Supl2) ◽

pp. 4207 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Huber Rizzo ◽

Lilian Gregory ◽

Fidel Beraldi ◽

Aline Feola de Carvalho ◽

Eliana Scarcelli Pinheiro

Keyword(s):

Sao Paulo ◽

The State ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Campylobacter Coli ◽

São Paulo ◽

Reproductive Disorders ◽

Fecal Samples ◽

History Of ◽

Sheep Production ◽

Campylobacter Spp

Campylobacter species are a significant cause of sheep abortion in most sheep-raising countries. The relationship between the presence of Campylobacter spp. in fecal samples and reproductive disorders was investigated in 274 sheep from 28 properties in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Biological samples from 16 aborted fetuses, one uterus, six placentas, five uterine secretion samples, five vaginal swabs, 17 semen samples, and three preputial swabs were also subjected to bacterial isolation. The bacteria were isolated from fecal samples of 14.9% (5/28) of the properties, affecting 3.65% (10/274) of the sheep, 3.5% (9/255) of females and 5.3% (1/19) of males. Campylobacter jejuni was the most prevalent species, present in 66.67% (7) of the positive samples, followed by Campylobacter coli, present in 22.22% (2), and one strain was identified as Campylobacter spp. The birth of “weak” lambs (p=0.06, OR=6.83 and CI=1.73 to 27.05) and neonatal death (p=0.087, OR=3.5 and CI=0.83 to 14.72) were associated with the fecal isolation of Campylobacter spp. Diarrhea was also associated with the bacteria (p=0.003, OR=9.83 and CI=2.19 to 44.18). The dissemination of Campylobacter spp. in Brazilian sheep is low and that, at present, the existing strains are not responsible for significant economic losses in sheep production, especially in adult animals.

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IMPLEMENTATION OF RISK ASSESSMENT FOR CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION WITH THE USE OF RISK MATRIX

ScienceRise ◽

10.21303/2313-8416.2020.001340 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 ◽

pp. 26-38

Author(s):

Olena Ivanenko

Keyword(s):

Risk Assessment ◽

Critical Infrastructure ◽

The State ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Innovative Technology ◽

Critical Infrastructure Protection ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Risk Matrix ◽

Infrastructure Protection ◽

Technology Product

The object of research: risk assessment for critical infrastructure protection in Ukraine. Investigated problem: adaptation and implementation of European Union’s approach to the risk assessment for critical infrastructure for the conditions of Ukraine. The main scientific results: The most relevant types of threats of natural and man-made origin for the security of critical infrastructure in Ukraine are investigated. The adaptation and implementation of European Union’s approach to the risk assessment for critical infrastructure for the conditions of Ukraine is realized. For this the character of changes of natural and man-made emergencies in Ukraine in the context of impact on critical infrastructure is investigated. The risk of economic losses due to emergencies in Ukraine has been evaluated with the use of risk matrix, taking into account the adapted approach applied in the European Union. Field of practical use of research results: Critical infrastructure facility including systems and physical or virtual resources that provide functions and services, failure of which can lead to significant negative consequences for society, social and economic development of the country and ensuring national security. Among them the most important are objects of electric-power industry, especially important objects of the oil and gas industry; units of the state government and local administration; objects of possible terrorist attacks; facilities subject to protection and defense in emergencies and during special periods; facilities subject to mandatory protection by the State Protection Service under contracts. Innovative technology product: methodology for assessing threats and risks to critical infrastructure, which can greatly contribute to the development of measures to prevent and minimize the negative consequences of emergencies possible in Ukraine at critical infrastructure objects. Scope of the innovative technology product: state system for critical infrastructure protection in Ukraine.

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TERRENOS KHONDALÍTICOS: PRINCIPAIS DOMÍNIOS PARA MANGANÊS, GRAFITA, OURO E ZINCO NO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO E REGIÕES LIMÍTROFES

Revista Geonomos ◽

10.18285/geonomos.v24i1.827 ◽

2016 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ronaldo Mello Pereira ◽

Reiner Neumann ◽

Marcelo Salomão ◽

Paulo Vicente Guimarães ◽

Guilherme Veloso Ramos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Black Shale ◽

Carbonate Rocks ◽

Rio De Janeiro ◽

The State ◽

Free Form ◽

Crustal Accretion ◽

Local Character ◽

History Of ◽

Khondalite Belt ◽

Metasedimentary Sequence

ResumoTerrenos khondalíticos representam um significativo componente de áreas de fácies granulito/UHT e os gnaisses que ocorrem associados a esses complexos são, principalmente, tipos aluminosos. Estes terrenos representam uma história de acresção crustal, ocorrendo nas zonas de junções/suturas das massas continentais como, por exemplo, nas que propiciaram a formação do supercontinente Gondwana. Nos Terrenos Khondalíticos presentes no Estado do Rio de Janeiro e em suas regiões limítrofes, registram-se diversas ocorrências de Mn/grafita, Au e Zn/Ag, cujas expressões podem ter caráter tanto regional quanto local. No geral, as mineralizações citadas estão situadas em regiões formadas por intercalações de gnaisses aluminosos, com ou sem sillimanita, e de rochas ortogranulíticas. Nesses terrenos, afloram camadas de gnaisses grafitosos (teor de C~2%). Essas camadas podem estar acompanhadas de corpos de gonditos, alterados para óxidos-hidróxidos de manganês, como nas faixas khondalíticas Marangatu e Palma-Guaçuí, ou somente mineralizados em grafita, como na Faixa Khondalítica São Fidélis. Na Faixa Khondalítica Palma-Guaçuí, particularmente no segmento entre Palma (MG) e Laje do Muriaé (RJ), ocorre um pacote de gnaisse grafitoso sulfetado, interpretado como um antigo folhelho negro, com cerca de 20 km de extensão, contendo mineralizações auríferas. O ouro ocorre na forma livre e como inclusões (ouro invisível) em piritas dos tipos framboidal (singenética), flor de girassol (diagenética) e maciça (metamórfica). A sequência metassedimentar à qual se relaciona a mineralização de zinco de Rio Claro (possivelmente uma extensão da Faixa Khondalítica Marangatu) é bastante semelhante àquelas encontradas em depósitos canadenses sedimentares-exalativos de Zn-Pb-Ag, do tipo Shuswap e Monash. As rochas sílico-carbonáticas da Unidade Lídice, que encerram as zonas sulfetadas, foram geradas em ambiente plataformal raso, possivelmente com um componente evaporítico.Palavras Chave: Terrenos khondalíticos, manganês, grafita, ouro, zinco.AbstractKHONDALITIC TERRAINS: MAIN DOMAINS FOR MANGANESE, GRAPHITE, GOLD AND ZINC IN THE STATE OF RIO DE JANEIRO AND SURROUNDING REGIONS. Khondalite terrains represent a significant element in areas with granulite/UHT facies and the gneiss rocks that occur associated to these complexes are, especially, aluminous type. These terrains represent a history of crustal accretion, occurring in suture zones of continental masses as, for example, in those which contributed to the formation of the supercontinent Gondwana. In khondalite terrains in the State of Rio de Janeiro and in its neighboring regions, there are several occurrences of Mn/graphite, Au and Zn/Ag, whose expressions may have both regional and local character. In general, those mineralizations are located in regions consisting of intercalation of aluminous gneiss, with or without sillimanite, and of ortogranulite rocks. In those terrains, layers of graphitic gneiss (C content ~ 2%) arise. Such layers may be accompanied by gondite bodies, changed to oxide-hidroxide of manganese, as in Marangatu and Palm-Guaçuí Khondalitic Belts, or only mineralized in graphite, as in São Fidelis Khondalitic Belt. In Palma-Guaçuí Khondalite Belt, particularly in the segment between Palma (MG) and Laje do Muriaé (RJ), there is a set of sulphide graphite gneiss, considered as an ancient black shale, about 20 km long, containing auriferous mineralizations. Gold occurs in free form and as inclusions (invisible gold) in pyrites of framboidal type (syngenetic), sunflower type (diagenetic) and massive type (metamorphic). The metasedimentary sequence to which Rio Claro zinc mineralization relates (possibly an extension of Marangatu Khondalitic Belt) is quite similar to those found in sedimentary-exhalative Canadian deposits of Zn-Pb-Ag, Shuswap and Monash types. Silic-carbonate rocks of Lidice Unit, which delimit the sulfide zones, were generated in shallow platformal environment, possibly with a evaporitic component.Keywords: Khondalitic terrains, manganese, graphite, gold, zinc.

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