Chemical characterization and effects on Lepidium sativum of the native and bioremediated components of dry olive mill residue

AbstractTwo different raw hydrolyzed collagens (HCs), by-products of the Tannery industry, were investigated in blends with a bioplastic, as poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate) (PBSA), for the production of thermoplastic items for possible applications in agriculture. Chemical characterization of selected PBSA/HC blends and phytotoxicity assays on garden cress seeds (Lepidium sativum L.), used as spy species, were carried out; in addition, biodegradation and disintegration of specimens were assessed under controlled composting conditions at different temperature (58 and 25 °C). Although one of the HC investigated released sodium chloride in the aqueous extract, all PBSA/HC blends, up to 20 wt.% HC, resulted no-phytotoxic and showed considerable amounts of macro- and micro- nutrients for plants (mainly nitrogen). Regardless the amount added, HCs enhanced the biodegradation rate of PBSA/HC blends in compost at 58 °C compared to pure PBSA; lowering the temperature at 25 °C, as expected, biodegradation rate slightly lowered using the same compost. Most disintegration tests, performed on dog bone samples, corroborated the results of the biodegradation tests, thus suggesting that plastic mixtures could reasonably end their life cycle in a composting facility without decreasing the quality and the safety of the resulting compost. The outcomes achieved encourage the use of raw collagen hydrolysates from tanning industry in the production of PBSA-based thermoplastic blends to produce compostable items (mulching films and/or plant pots) for more sustainable uses in agriculture and/or plant nurseries. In addition, the use of these low-cost by-products can lower the cost of final product and give it fertilizing properties for plants given the presence of organic nitrogen in the hydrolysates.

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Olive mill wastewater (OMW) production in the province of Al-Hoceima (Morocco) and their physico-chemical characterization by mill types

Materials Today Proceedings ◽

10.1016/j.matpr.2020.03.806 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 ◽

pp. 3145-3150 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. Elabdouni ◽

K. Haboubi ◽

I. Merimi ◽

M.S.M El Youbi

Keyword(s):

Chemical Characterization ◽

Olive Mill Wastewater ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Al Hoceima ◽

Olive Mill

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Characterization and Phytotoxicity Assessment of Essential Oils from Plant Byproducts

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules24162941 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (16) ◽

pp. 2941 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Antonella Smeriglio ◽

Domenico Trombetta ◽

Laura Cornara ◽

Marco Valussi ◽

Vincenzo De Feo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oils ◽

Cannabis Sativa ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Lolium Multiflorum ◽

Chemical Characterization ◽

Zingiber Officinale ◽

Lepidium Sativum ◽

Cupressus Sempervirens ◽

Wide Range

The present work describes the chemical characterization and the phytotoxicity assessment of essential oils (EOs) obtained from spent materials or pruning waste of four plant species: Zingiber officinale Roscoe used in the juicing industry, Pistacia vera L. var. Bronte used in the food industry, discarded material of industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L. var. Futura 75), and pruning waste from Cupressus sempervirens L. The phytochemical profile of the EOs was evaluated by gas chromatographic flame ionization detection (GC-FID) and GC-MS analyses, which highlighted the presence of several compounds with a wide range of biological activities. Among them, application possibilities in agriculture were evaluated by studying the phytotoxic activity in vitro against germination and initial radical growth of several seeds such as Raphanus sativus L., Lepidium sativum L., Lactuca sativa L., Solanum lycopersicum L., Lolium multiflorum Lam., and Portulaca oleracea L.

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Toxicity and Benefits of Urban Stabilized Sludge Intended for Agriculture Use

Revista de Chimie ◽

10.37358/rc.20.7.8254 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 71 (7) ◽

pp. 365-378

Author(s):

Ion-Viorel Patroescu ◽

Stefania Gheorghe ◽

Ioana Alexandra Ionescu ◽

Ionut Cristea ◽

Irina Eugenia Lucaciu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Laboratory Data ◽

Monitoring Program ◽

Chemical Characterization ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Lepidium Sativum ◽

Sludge Disposal ◽

Agriculture Soil ◽

Living Organisms ◽

Physical And Chemical

Sludge reuse is one of the main challenges of waste management and an action with environmentally consequences that must be kept under control. The progress of civilization leaded to the globally increase of sludge production. WWTPs treatment technologies, sludge disposal/recovery and also quality control and toxicological involvements became parts of strategical actions at international level. The main disposal strategies for sludge management include agriculture or landscaping purposes, or final disposal. The accepted international policy is sludge application as organic fertilizer in agriculture. In this context, the research paper presents laboratory data used in decisional actions for the sludge land disposal. The study covers physical and chemical characterization of sludge resulted from Focsani WWTP, agriculture soil collected from around of Focsani WWTP and their leachates in compliance with national norms. In addition, the toxic effects on soil organisms (plants) were evaluated. Generally, soil and sludge quality meet the normed criteria for minimizing the potential impact on the environment. The leachate experiments showed the non-hazardous character on the soil properties of groundwater, the predicted impact being insignificant for the tested sludge / soil chemical composition. Ecotoxicological assessment of stabilized sludge showed inhibitory effects in the range of 25% to 100% on seed germination and root growth of plants Sorghum sacharatum, Sinapis alba and Lepidium sativum. In the range of 1% or 5% no significant inhibitory effect of sludge on plants growth was observed. Sorghum sacharatum showed the best growth, but there were no relevant differences between species. A saftey dose of 5% sludge mixed with agriculture soil (250 tonnes per hectare) was established. A monitoring program of sludge / soil quality and also ecotoxic evaluation was recomanded for the saftey of crops growth and health of living organisms including humans.

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Phytotreatment of sludges (Phragmites australis) for their reuse in the environment

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2011.713 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 64 (6) ◽

pp. 1233-1238 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

B. Ceccanti ◽

V. Bianchi ◽

R. Iannelli ◽

E. Peruzzi ◽

G. Masciandaro

Keyword(s):

Avena Sativa ◽

Water Retention ◽

Central Italy ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Chemical Characterization ◽

Point Of View ◽

Lepidium Sativum ◽

Water Retention Capacity ◽

Retention Capacity ◽

Italian Legislation

The aim of this study is the evaluation of the agronomic characteristics acquired by a phytotreated sludge coming from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) located in Tuscany (central Italy). The chemical characterization showed values which are within the Italian legislation limits for mixed composts. From an agronomic point of view, the sludge did not present a level of phytotoxicity, as shown by the germination index (GI% = 77). Furthermore, pathogen compounds are inexistent (Escherichia coli <1,000 CFU/g). Different substrates (obtained by mixing the sludge with sandy agronomic soil – 0.5% w/w, 1% w/w, 2.5% w/w and 5% w/w) were prepared in order to evaluate the best mixture performance in terms of water retention capacity and plant growth. No significant differences were observed for all sludge mixtures. Different plants were tested in plots (Lepidium sativum, Cucumis sativus and Avena sativa). The best plant adaptation, measured as dry biomass production, was observed for Avena sativa. The results obtained underlined that the phytotreatment of sludge can bring about the transformation of sewage sludges into organic products that are reusable in agriculture, if previously mixed with other appropriate materials and taking into account their heavy metal content.

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Essential Oil Chemical Characterization and Antibacterial Activities of Lepidium sativum Seed

Journal Of Tropical Pharmacy And Chemistry ◽

10.25026/jtpc.v5i3.265 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 157-164

Author(s):

Gashaw Nigussie ◽

Dinkayehu Desta ◽

Sintayehu Ashenafi ◽

Yemane Werede

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Chemical Characterization ◽

Local Area ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Lepidium Sativum ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Standard Drug ◽

Aromatic Derivative ◽

Work Done

Lepidium sativum plants are available abundantly in all part of Ethiopia and traditionally used for the treatment of various ailments. The work done on essential oil chemical characterization and biological activity of this plant are still insufficient reports in Ethiopia. Therefore the aim of the present study was to carry out essential oil chemical characterization and antibacterial activities of the seeds extracts and oils of L. sativum obtained from the local area Kersu Kebele, Goma Wereda, Jimma zone. The study was conducted by extraction of the seeds with organic solvents n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and methanol. The study performed on extraction of essential oil of the seed through hydrodistillation and investigation of phytochemical constituents of each solvent extract. The n-hexane extract (oil) and the essential oil of the seed extract were analyzed with GC-MS and 11 components were obtained from each types of oil. 7, 10, 13-hexadecatrienoic acid (64.42%) and Indol (63.78%) were the major components of n-hexane extracted and essential oil of the seeds respectively. Moreover both oils were held unsaturated fatty acid, saturated fatty acid and aromatic derivative compounds. The preliminary phytochemical test revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, phenols, saponins, anthraqunnes, and tannins. Antibacterial activities of the essential oil were implemented by disc diffusion method against one Gram positive bacterium Stphylococus aureus and three Gram negative bacteria: E.coli, Proteus mirabilis and Klibsiella pneumoniae. The inhibition zones of the samples were compared with standard drug ceftriaxone. The essential oil showed antibacterial activities on all the tested bacteria.

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The Possibilities for Analytical Methods in Photoemission and Low-Energy Electron Microscopy

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100180495 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 348-349

Author(s):

Ernst Bauer

Keyword(s):

Chemical Characterization ◽

Emission Angle ◽

Relative Energy ◽

Objective Lens ◽

Chemical Information ◽

Magnetic Lens ◽

Incident Intensity ◽

X Ray ◽

Leed Pattern ◽

Image Position

One of the major shortcomings of conventional PEEM and of LEEM is the lack of chemical information about the surface. Although the imaging of the LEED pattern in the back focal plane of the objective lens of a LEEM instrument allows chemical characterization via the crystalline structure derived from the LEED pattern, this method fails in the absence of a characteristic LEED pattern. Direct information about the atomic composition of the surface is then needed which can be best obtained from inner shell electrons either directly by x-ray-induced photoemission (XPEEM) or by x-ray- or electron-induced Auger electron emission (AEEM). These modes of excitation and imaging can be combined with conventional PEEM and LEEM in one instrument which is presently being developed. Thus a complete structural and chemical characterization becomes possible in one instrument, with parallel detection and high resolution.In contrast to LEEM, in which up to more than 50% of the incident intensity is available for image formation, the intensity of the emitted electrons is much lower in XPEEM and AEEM and the signal is much lower than the background in AEEM. Therefore, intensity I and resolution d have to be optimized simultaneously which is best done by maximizing Q = I/d2 with respect to maximum emission angle α and relative energy distribution ε = ΔVo/V accepted by the instrument. For a well-designed magnetic lens section of the cathode lens its aberrations are determined by the accelerating field F in front of the specimen. For a homogeneous accelerating field F and a cosine emission distribution one obtains for the optimum α and ε values αo,εo a radius of the minimum disc of confusion of

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