Biologically active polyphenolic compounds from Lespedeza bicolor

In the present research, ethanolic and methanolic extracts of Teucrium polium (germander) were studied regarding the content of biologically active substances - in particular polyphenols - antioxidant activity and antibacterial activity. The extracts have been found to be rich in polyphenolic compounds, kaempferol and epichatechin have been found to be present in the highest concentrations. The antioxidant activity evaluated by the method of capturing the free radicals with DPPH revealed values close to those produced by the ascorbic acid. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated by the diffusimetric method and S. aureus and E. coli microorganisms were found to be the most sensitive while P. aeruginosa and fungal species were not sensitive.

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Polyphenols Sourced from Terrestrial and Marine Plants as Coronavirus Reproduction Inhibitors

Antibiotics and Chemotherapy ◽

10.37489/0235-2990-2021-66-3-4-62-81 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 66 (3-4) ◽

pp. 62-81

Author(s):

N. N. Besednova ◽

B. G. Andryukov ◽

T. S. Zaporozhets ◽

T. A. Kuznetsova ◽

S. P. Kryzhanovskiy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Food Additives ◽

Polyphenolic Compounds ◽

The Body ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Complex Structures ◽

Plant Polyphenols ◽

Modern Problem ◽

Marine Plants ◽

Multiple Biological Activity

The review presents the data of recent years concerning the most important modern problem — the search of the new inhibitors of coronaviruses’ reproduction. Polyphenolic compounds (phlorotannins) from terrestrial and marine plants, polyvalent bioregulators with multiple biological activity, are considered as promising compounds of this type. Polyphenols are able to interfere with different stages of coronaviruses’ life cycle. This fact characterizes polyphenols as multipurpose drugs that affect vital proteins of the pathogens. At the same time, the authors of the review draw attention to the fact that many difficulties must be overcome to develop medications based on plant polyphenols, since these compounds are characterized by complex structures, low bioavailability, as well as rapid excretion from the body. In addition, in vivo studies on animals, as well as in clinical trials, are required. Despite all the difficulties, plant polyphenols should eventually the source for creating antiviral medicines, biologically active food additives, and functional food products.

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The chemical composition of polyphenolic compounds Achillea micranthoides Klok. herbs

Farmatsevtychnyi zhurnal ◽

10.32352/0367-3057.1.20.09 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 80-87

Author(s):

I. F. Duyun ◽

O. V. Mazulin ◽

G. V. Мazulin ◽

Т. V. Oproshanska

Keyword(s):

Trifluoroacetic Acid ◽

Practical Interest ◽

Polyphenolic Compounds ◽

Hydroxycinnamic Acids ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Herbal Remedies ◽

Actual Problem ◽

Mediterranean Countries ◽

Wide Range ◽

Anti Inflammatory

For obtain modern herbal remedies, medicinal plants containing flavonoids and hydroxycinnamic acids are promising. These polyphenolic compounds are characterized by structural diversity, non-toxicity, a wide range of pharmacological activity. An actual problem is the development of new modern instrumental research methods. In scientific and folk medicine the genus Achillea L. of the Asteraceae L. family are widely used to accelerate wound healing, stop bleeding of various etiologies, as anti-inflammatory and anthelmintic agents. The herb of Achillea micranthoides Klok. has theoretical and practical interest. The plant is distributed in the southern regions of the Black Sea and Mediterranean countries, Europe, Ukraine. A long growing season contributes to the accumulation of biologically active polyphenolic compounds from groups of flavonoids and hydroxycinnamic acids. The aim of the work was to study the composition of polyphenolic compounds (flavonoids and the hydroxycinnamic acids) in the herbs of the Achillea micranthoides Klok. during flowering (june-september). The object of research was herb of Achillea micranthoides Klok. Harvesting was carried out in south and oust regions of Ukraine during flowering (June–September, 2017). The investigation of polyphenolic compounds were performed by TLC and HPLC methods. HPLC analyzes were performed using an Agilent Technogies (Model 1100) (Japan). The chromatographic column ZORBAX-SB C-18 measuring 2.1×150 mm, filled with octadecylsilyl sorbent, with a grain diameter of 3.5 microns were used. The systems as the mobile phase: trifluoroacetic acid 0,2%, methanol anhydrous and a mixture of trifluoroacetic acid 0,2% with methanol 70% were used; wave length 313 nm, 350 nm. During the flowering period, the presence and quantitative content were established 8 flavonoids (up to 1,176 ± 0,122%) and 6 hydroxycinnamic acids (up to 0,807 ± 0,071%). The identified flavonoids are dominated by compounds: apigenin-7,4'-di-O-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, luteolin-6-C-glucoside, luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside. The highest content in the composition of hydroxycinnamic acids was found for chlorogenic and caffeic acids. The obtained results to be used for perspective modern herbal remedies from Achillea micranthoides Klok. herb with anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, haemostatic and hepatoprotective activities. The qualitative and quantitative determination methods of polyphenolic compounds in Achillea micranthoides Klok. herb may be used to the State Ukraine Pharmacopoeia monographs.

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Carotenoids, Polyphenols, and Ascorbic Acid in Organic Rosehips (Rosa spp.) Cultivated in Lithuania

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app10155337 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (15) ◽

pp. 5337

Author(s):

Brigita Medveckienė ◽

Jurgita Kulaitienė ◽

Elvyra Jarienė ◽

Nijolė Vaitkevičienė ◽

Ewelina Hallman

Keyword(s):

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Field Experiment ◽

Phenolic Acids ◽

Active Substance ◽

Phenolic Acid ◽

Polyphenolic Compounds ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Organic Farm ◽

Β Carotene

Carotenoids, polyphenols, and ascorbic acid are valuable and important biologically active compounds that contribute to the health benefits of different foods, and rosehips are known for their high biologically active substance contents. The aim of this research is to identify and compare the contents of carotenoids, polyphenols, and ascorbic acid in the flesh and seeds of different rosehip species grown organically. A field experiment was conducted during the period 2017–2018 on an organic farm in Lithuania. Rose fruits were collected at full ripening in September. The quantitative and qualitative determinations of polyphenols and carotenoids in rosehips flesh and seeds were conducted by HPLC methods. The following polyphenolic compounds were identified: five different flavonoids (rutin, kaempferol-3-O-glucoside, luteolin, quercetin, and quercetin-3-O-glucoside) and five phenolic acids (gallic, chlorogenic, caffeic, p-coumaric, and ferulic) from different rose fruit fleshes and seeds species. In addition, six carotenoids (β-carotene, α-carotene, lutein, zeaxanthin, cis-lycopene, and trans-lycopene) in rosehip flesh and five different carotenoids in rosehip seeds (α-carotene, lutein, zeaxanthin, cis-lycopene, and trans-lycopene) were identified. Overall, the results of this study demonstrate that the highest content of total phenolic acid is in rosehip seeds, while higher concentrations of carotenoids, flavonoids, and ascorbic acid are present in rosehip flesh.

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Promising Green Technology in Obtaining Functional Plant Preparations: Combined Enzyme-Assisted Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Flavonoids Isolation from Medicago Sativa Leaves

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14112724 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (11) ◽

pp. 2724

Author(s):

Aneta Krakowska-Sieprawska ◽

Katarzyna Rafińska ◽

Justyna Walczak-Skierska ◽

Anna Kiełbasa ◽

Bogusław Buszewski

Keyword(s):

Medicago Sativa ◽

Supercritical Fluid Extraction ◽

Supercritical Fluid ◽

Plant Material ◽

Free Radical Scavenger ◽

Polyphenolic Compounds ◽

Green Technology ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Radical Scavenger ◽

Fluid Extraction

To elaborate a complete extraction protocol for the enhanced release of biologically active compounds from plant cells, this study aimed to optimize together the parameters of the supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) process (temperature, pressure, and percentage of cosolvent) and enzymatic treatment of plant material (pH, enzyme concentration, time, and temperature) by response surface methodology (RSM). Medicago sativa L. was selected as a plant material due to its richness in phenolics and flavonoids. HPLC-MS/MS analysis allowed evaluating the content of individual bioactive compounds in obtained extracts. The total content of polyphenolic compounds in the extract obtained after two-step optimization was much higher (546 ± 21 µg/g) than in the extract obtained from non-hydrolyzed material (275 ± 23 µg/g) and in the extract obtained by maceration (162 ± 20 µg/g). Furthermore, it was evidenced that extract with the highest content of polyphenolic compounds can support the cellular antioxidant system both as a free radical scavenger and by stimulating the antioxidant enzyme system.

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Optimization of Extraction of Polyphenolic Compounds from Medicinal Lungwort (Pulmonaria officinalis L.)

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International ◽

10.9734/jpri/2020/v32i2430807 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 36-45

Author(s):

Lyubov S. Dyshlyuk ◽

Anastasia M. Fedorova ◽

Vyacheslav F. Dolganyuk ◽

Alexander Yu. Prosekov

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Alcohol Concentration ◽

Polyphenolic Compounds ◽

Biologically Active Substances ◽

Biologically Active ◽

High Yield ◽

Operating Parameters ◽

Extraction Temperature ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Active Substances

Medicinal plants are potential natural sources of biologically active substances that have geroprotective properties, slowing down the aging process. Vegetable raw materials are used as antioxidants in the food industry. Pulmonaria officinalis L. has a high content of biologically active substances. The purpose of this work is to determine the operating parameters for extracting the maximum amount of biologically active substances from Pulmonaria officinalis L. by extracting ethanol and finding sources of natural antioxidants.The antioxidant activity of several ethanol extracts of Pulmonaria officinalis L. – 30-70% with a step of 10 ethanol obtained from the dried root culture of the medicinal plant of biologically active substances was determined. The total content of polyphenols, flavonoids and proanthocyanidins was estimated. According to the data obtained, the relationship between the values determined for the biologically active substances presented and the values of antioxidant activity was revealed. Extracts of Pulmonaria officinalis L. showed a high yield of polyphenolic compounds-889.39±4.29 mcg of Gallic acid/ml, flavonoids-728.90±6.98 mcg of rutin/ml, proanthocyanidins-211.65±5.31 mcg of catechin/ml at an ethyl alcohol concentration of 60% and an extraction temperature of 50°C in 4 hours. The antioxidant activity using 2 methods: A spectrophotometric method DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and the FRAP method (iron reducing/antioxidant power) was investigated. During DPPH spectrophotometric analysis, the antioxidant activity is equal to 86.96% for polyphenols, 75.47% for flavonoids, and 51.25% for proanthocyanidins. FRAP analysis showed that extracts with operating parameters had a pronounced antioxidant activity (tэ= 4 ч; Tэ= 50°C; Сэ= 60%)и (tэ= 5 ч; Tэ= 60°C; Сэ, = 70%).

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Properties of Polyphenols and Xylooligosaccharides Obtained Biotechnologically from Processed Millets

Food Processing Techniques and Technology ◽

10.21603/2074-9414-2021-3-538-548 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 538-548

Author(s):

Damir Zyaynitdinov ◽

Alexandr Evteev ◽

Anna Bannikova

Keyword(s):

Ferulic Acid ◽

Fractional Composition ◽

Monosaccharide Composition ◽

Polyphenolic Compounds ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Quantitative Composition ◽

Qualitative And Quantitative ◽

Phenolic Substances ◽

Reducing Substances ◽

Excellent Source

Introduction. Thousands of tons of millet grain are processed annually in the world. Husk is the main waste of millet processing and can produce biologically valuable components. The present research offers a new biotechnology for the production of biologically active substances (BAS), namely polyphenols and xylooligosaccharides (XOS), from millet husk. Study objects and methods. Millet husk was tested for the mass fraction of protein, moisture, starch, fiber, and reducing substances, as well as for antiradical activity, qualitative and quantitative composition of phenolic substances, fractional composition of carbohydrates, monosaccharide composition of polysaccharides, qualitative and quantitative compositions of XOS concentrates. Results and discussion. The obtained BAS concentrates contained 0.90% of protein and 91.50% of carbohydrates, including 68.50% of XOS with prebiotic properties and 6.30% of ash. The concentrate of polyphenols was represented to a greater extent by ferulic acid (33.47%) with antioxidant activity up to 74.0%. The process of enzymatic hydrolysis demonstrated a significant change in the fractional composition of the extracted oxycinnamic acids, which make up the polyphenolic compounds of millet husk. In the polyphenol concentrate, the yield of ferulic acid increased by 19%, and that of gallic acid – by 2.5%, whereas the yield of chlorogenic acid decreased by 13%. The XOS concentrate mainly consisted of XOS fragments with prebiotic properties – up to 78% in absolutely dry matter. The fractional composition of the XOS concentrate revealed the presence of di-, tri-, tetra-, and pentaxylo-oligosaccharides. Xylotriose and xylotetrose prevailed in the KOS concentrates: 15.83 and 16.23%, respectively. The waste of enzymatic husk processing proved to be a concentrate of valuable dietary fiber that can be used as an independent product in the technologies of balanced and dietary nutrition. Conclusion. Millet husk is an excellent source of polyphenolic compounds with antioxidant and prebiotic properties and can be used in functional food production.

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POLYPHENOLS OF ARCTIC BROWN ALGAE: EXTRACTION, POLYMOLECULAR COMPOSITION

chemistry of plant raw material ◽

10.14258/jcprm.2019045135 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 65-75

Author(s):

Konstantin Grigor'yevich Bogolitsin ◽

Anna Sergeyevna Druzhinina ◽

Denis Vladimirovich Ovchinnikov ◽

Anastasiya Eduardovna Parshina ◽

Elena Valeriyevna Shulgina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Molecular Weight ◽

Brown Algae ◽

Maximum Yield ◽

Gel Filtration ◽

Fucus Vesiculosus ◽

Polyphenolic Compounds ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Low Molecular Weight ◽

High Biological Activity

Arctic brown algae of the species Fucus vesiculosus are characterized by a high content of polyphenolic compounds - phlorotannins, exhibiting high biological activity. The aim of this study is to develop a methodology for the isolation and analysis of biologically active polyphenolic compounds from arctic brown algae. The proposed scheme for the isolation of polyphenols from Fucus vesiculosus brown algae is based on the principles of "green chemistry" and is carried out by sequential disassembly of the biomass of the plant object with the release of associated components (lipid-pigment complex, polysaccharides, mannitol) and maximum yield of polyphenol fraction. As a result of the experimental work, the optimal parameters for carrying out each stage of the proposed scheme were determined and a stepwise assessment of its effectiveness was carried out. The extractable fraction of polyphenols contains up to 67% of polyphenols relative to their content in the initial biomass, and the proportion of polyphenols in the fraction is up to 83%. A study of the phlorotannins fraction showed that its antioxidant activity is meaningful and it was 553±24 (mg of ascorbic acid/g extract). The polymolecular composition of the target fraction was investigated by the method of exclusion gel filtration chromatography, which showed the polymodal distribution, indicating the presence of several groups of components - low molecular weight and high molecular weight phlorotannins with masses ranging from thousands to hundreds of thousands of Daltons. The data obtained using chromatography-mass spectrometry and MALDI mass spectrometry make it possible to identify the presence of low molecular weight phlorotannins in the polyphenol fraction with masses from 250 to 1638 Da, which are close analogues in structure.

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