scholarly journals Therapeutic Effects of the As-Synthesized Polylactic acid/Chitosan Nanofibers Decorated with Amphotricin B for in vitro Treatment of Leishmaniasis

2021 ◽  
pp. 101362
Author(s):  
Sina Bahraminegad ◽  
Abbas Pardakhty ◽  
Iraj Sharifi ◽  
Mehdi Ranjbar
Keyword(s):  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
In Vitro Treatment

scholarly journals Therapeutic Effects of The As-Synthesized Polylactic Acid/Chitosan Nanofibers Decorated With Amphotricin B For In Vitro Treatment of Leishmaniasis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sina Bahraminegad ◽  
Abbas Pardakhty ◽  
Iraj Sharifi ◽  
Mehdi Ranjbar
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Leishmania Major ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
World Health ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
In Vitro Treatment

Abstract Leishmaniasis as a third most important vector-borne disease caused by different species of a Leishmania flagellum protozoan. Leishmaniasis as a one of the biggest concerns of the World Health Organization due to the severe side effects, the emergence of resistance, secondary bacterial infections, reports as epidemics especially in immunocompromised individuals. The main purpose of this study was synthesis and characterization of the polylactic acid/chitosan nanofibers decorated with amphotricin B as a new delivery system for in vitro treatment of Leishmania wounds. The prepared nanofibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Dynamic light scattering (DLS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and in vitro drug release test. The anti leishmaniasis effect of nanofibers decorated with amphotricin B against Leishmania major promastigotes and its cytotoxicity on macrophages were determined respectively with flow cytometry test. The in-vitro drug release assay indicates 84% of the amphotricin B loaded in nanofibers after 400 minutes. The average concentration of the amphotricin B loaded in polylactic acid/chitosan nanofibers and conventional form of amphotricin B that prevented the growth of 50% of the promastigotes of L.major was 1.29 and 4.34 µg/ml, respectively.

Clinical Trials in Thrombosis: Secondary Prevention of Myocardial Infarction

1976 ◽  
Vol 35 (01) ◽  
pp. 049-056 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian R Klimt ◽  
P. H Doub ◽  
Nancy H Doub
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Secondary Prevention ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Definitive Answer ◽  
Inhibition Of Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Prospective Trials

SummaryNumerous in vivo and in vitro experiments, investigating the inhibition of platelet aggregation and the prevention of experimentally-induced thrombosis, suggest that anti-platelet drugs, such as aspirin or the combination of aspirin and dipyridamole or sulfinpyrazone, may be effective anti-thrombotic agents in man. Since 1971, seven randomized prospective trials and two case-control studies have been referenced in the literature or are currently being conducted, which evaluate the effects of aspirin, sulfinpyrazone, or dipyridamole in combination with aspirin in the secondary prevention of myocardial infarction. A critical review of these trials indicates a range of evidence from no difference to a favorable trend that antiplatelet drugs may serve as anti-thrombotic agents in man. To date, a definitive answer concerning the therapeutic effects of these drugs in the secondary prevention of coronary heart disease is not available.

scholarly journals Variably Sized and Multi-Colored Silica-Nanoparticles Characterized by Fluorescence Correlation Methods for Cellular Dynamics

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Chan-Gi Pack ◽  
Bjorn Paulson ◽  
Yeonhee Shin ◽  
Min Kyo Jung ◽  
Jun Sung Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Correlation Spectroscopy ◽  
Cell Uptake ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Ferrite Core ◽  
Shell Nanoparticles ◽  
Fluorescence Correlation ◽  
Correlation Methods

Controlling the uptake of nanoparticles into cells so as to balance therapeutic effects with toxicity is an essential unsolved problem in the development of nanomedicine technologies. From this point of view, it is useful to use standard nanoparticles to quantitatively evaluate the physical properties of the nanoparticles in solution and in cells, and to analyze the intracellular dynamic motion and distribution of these nanoparticles at a single-particle level. In this study, standard nanoparticles are developed based on a variant silica-based nanoparticle incorporating fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) or/and rhodamine B isothiocyanate (RITC) with a variety of accessible diameters and a matching fluorescent cobalt ferrite core-shell structure (Fe2O4/SiO2). The physical and optical properties of the nanoparticles in vitro are fully evaluated with the complementary methods of dynamic light scattering, electron microscopy, and two fluorescence correlation methods. In addition, cell uptake of dual-colored and core/shell nanoparticles via endocytosis in live HeLa cells is detected by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy and electron microscopy, indicating the suitability of the nanoparticles as standards for further studies of intracellular dynamics with multi-modal methods.

scholarly journals Therapeutic effects of sesamolin on leukemia induced by WEHI-3B in model mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Senthil Nagarajan ◽  
Jae Kwon Lee
Keyword(s):  
Nk Cell ◽  
Neoplastic Cell ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Cytolytic Activity ◽  
Leukemic Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Control Drug ◽  
Lysis Activity

AbstractSesamolin is one of the lignans derived from sesame oil. It has demonstrated significant antioxidant, anti-aging, and anti-mutagenic properties. It also reportedly augments natural killer (NK) cell lysis activity. We previously reported that sesamolin also exerts anticancer effects in vitro and induces enhanced NK cell cytolytic activity against tumor cells. Herein, we aimed to determine the mechanism by which sesamolin prevents and retards tumorigenesis in BALB/c mouse models of leukemia induced by murine (BALB/c) myelomonocytic leukemia WEHI-3B cells. Banded neutrophils, myeloblasts, and monocytic leukemic cells were more abundant in the leukemia model than in normal mice. Sesamolin decreased the number of leukemic cells by almost 60% in the leukemia model mice in vivo; additionally, sesamolin and the positive control drug, vinblastine, similarly hindered neoplastic cell proliferation. Spleen samples were ~ 4.5-fold heavier in leukemic mice than those obtained from normal mice, whereas spleen samples obtained from leukemic mice treated with sesamolin had a similar weight to those of normal mice. Moreover, sesamolin induced a twofold increase in the cytotoxic activity of leukemic mouse NK cells against WEHI-3B cells. These results indicated that sesamolin exerts anti-leukemic effects in vivo.

Novel ε-polylysine/polyethyleneimine -coated Ag nanoparticles for in vitro treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2021 ◽  
Vol 168 ◽  
pp. 107937
Author(s):  
Jingjing Zhang ◽  
Feng Qu ◽  
Taobo Liang ◽  
Sidi Lv ◽  
Wen Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Ag Nanoparticles ◽  
In Vitro Treatment

scholarly journals The Therapeutic Effect of Extracellular Vesicles on Asthma in Pre-Clinical Models: A Systematic Review Protocol

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-95
Author(s):  
Patience O. Obi ◽  
Jennifer E. Kent ◽  
Maya M. Jeyaraman ◽  
Nicole Askin ◽  
Taiana M. Pierdoná ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Paracrine Signalling

Asthma is the most common pediatric disease, characterized by chronic airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness. There are several management options for asthma, but no specific treatment. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are powerful cellular mediators of endocrine, autocrine and paracrine signalling, and can modulate biophysiological function in vitro and in vivo. A thorough investigation of therapeutic effects of EVs in asthma has not been conducted. Therefore, this systematic review is designed to synthesize recent literature on the therapeutic effects of EVs on physiological and biological outcomes of asthma in pre-clinical studies. An electronic search of Web of Science, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Scopus will be conducted on manuscripts published in the last five years that adhere to standardized guidelines for EV research. Grey literature will also be included. Two reviewers will independently screen the selected studies for title and abstract, and full text based on the eligibility criteria. Data will be extracted, narratively synthesized and reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. This systematic review will summarize the current knowledge from preclinical studies investigating the therapeutic effects of EVs on asthma. The results will delineate whether EVs can mitigate biological hallmarks of asthma, and if so, describe the underlying mechanisms involved in the process. This insight is crucial for identifying key pathways that can be targeted to alleviate the burden of asthma. The data will also reveal the origin, dosage and biophysical characteristics of beneficial EVs. Overall, our results will provide a scaffold for future intervention and translational studies on asthma treatment.

scholarly journals A novel phosphoramide compound, DCZ0805, shows potent anti-myeloma activity via the NF-κB pathway

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuejie Gao ◽  
Bo Li ◽  
Anqi Ye ◽  
Houcai Wang ◽  
Yongsheng Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Tumor Burden ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Cell Counting ◽  
Tumor Xenograft ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Xenograft Mouse Model

Abstract Background Multiple myeloma (MM) is a highly aggressive and incurable clonal plasma cell disease with a high rate of recurrence. Thus, the development of new therapies is urgently needed. DCZ0805, a novel compound synthesized from osalmide and pterostilbene, has few observed side effects. In the current study, we intend to investigate the therapeutic effects of DCZ0805 in MM cells and elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying its anti-myeloma activity. Methods We used the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, immunofluorescence staining, cell cycle assessment, apoptosis assay, western blot analysis, dual-luciferase reporter assay and a tumor xenograft mouse model to investigate the effect of DCZ0805 treatment both in vivo and in vitro. Results The results showed that DCZ0805 treatment arrested the cell at the G0/G1 phase and suppressed MM cells survival by inducing apoptosis via extrinsic and intrinsic pathways. DCZ0805 suppressed the NF-κB signaling pathway activation, which may have contributed to the inhibition of cell proliferation. DCZ0805 treatment remarkably reduced the tumor burden in the immunocompromised xenograft mouse model, with no obvious toxicity observed. Conclusion The findings of this study indicate that DCZ0805 can serve as a novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of MM.

Impairment of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in skin fibroblasts of SALS and FALS patients is rescued by in vitro treatment with ROS scavengers

2021 ◽  
Vol 339 ◽  
pp. 113620
Author(s):  
Grazyna Debska-Vielhaber ◽  
Irina Miller ◽  
Viktoriya Peeva ◽  
Werner Zuschratter ◽  
Jaroslaw Walczak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Phosphorylation ◽  
Skin Fibroblasts ◽  
Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation ◽  
Ros Scavengers ◽  
In Vitro Treatment

scholarly journals C-Peptide as a Therapy for Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 270
Author(s):  
Rachel L. Washburn ◽  
Karl Mueller ◽  
Gurvinder Kaur ◽  
Tanir Moreno ◽  
Naima Moustaid-Moussa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
The United States ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Pancreatic Islet Transplantation ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Increased Risk

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex metabolic disease affecting one-third of the United States population. It is characterized by hyperglycemia, where the hormone insulin is either not produced sufficiently or where there is a resistance to insulin. Patients with Type 1 DM (T1DM), in which the insulin-producing beta cells are destroyed by autoimmune mechanisms, have a significantly increased risk of developing life-threatening cardiovascular complications, even when exogenous insulin is administered. In fact, due to various factors such as limited blood glucose measurements and timing of insulin administration, only 37% of T1DM adults achieve normoglycemia. Furthermore, T1DM patients do not produce C-peptide, a cleavage product from insulin processing. C-peptide has potential therapeutic effects in vitro and in vivo on many complications of T1DM, such as peripheral neuropathy, atherosclerosis, and inflammation. Thus, delivery of C-peptide in conjunction with insulin through a pump, pancreatic islet transplantation, or genetically engineered Sertoli cells (an immune privileged cell type) may ameliorate many of the cardiovascular and vascular complications afflicting T1DM patients.

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