In vitro antimicrobial effect of RC-Prep within dentinal tubules

The aim of this study was to investigate in vitro the antimicrobial effect and diffusion against E. faecalis of new intracanal medications on the external root surface. The medications tested were a placebo gel (PC); the new formulations with either 3% nitrofurantoin (NIT) or 3% doxycycline hydrochloride (DX) and 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) gel as positive control. The new formulations were tested using the traditional agar diffusion test (ADT) and an adapted agar diffusion method (AADM), where the teeth were filled with the medications and left to diffuse on agar surface seeded with E. faecalis. In the ADT, the larger zones of microbial growth inhibition were seen in DX, followed by CHX and NIT. In the AADM test only DX and CHX showed antimicrobial effect. Statistically significant differences between groups were observed by the Kruskal-Wallis test (2=47.126; p<0.001). The new intracanal formulations with DX and NIT have demonstrated antimicrobial effect against E. faecalis, but only DX was able to diffuse through the dentinal tubules and exert antimicrobial effect outside the roots.

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THE ACTIVITY OF ESSENTIAL OILS OBTAINED FROM SPECIES AND INTERSPECIES HYBRIDS OF THE Mentha GENUS AGAINST SELECTED PLANT PATHOGENIC BACTERIA

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Hortorum Cultus ◽

10.24326/asphc.2018.6.17 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 17 (6) ◽

pp. 167-174 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Małgorzata Schollenberger ◽

Tomasz M. Staniek ◽

Elżbieta Paduch-Cichal ◽

Beata Dasiewicz ◽

Agnieszka Gadomska-Gajadhur ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oils ◽

Pseudomonas Syringae ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Antimicrobial Effect ◽

Mentha Piperita ◽

Mentha Spicata ◽

Plant Essential Oils ◽

Plant Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Interspecies Hybrids

Plant essential oils of six aromatic herb species and interspecies hybrids of the family Lamiaceae – chocolate mint (Mentha piperita × ‘Chocolate’), pineapple mint (Mentha suaveolens ‘Variegata’), apple mint (Mentha × rotundifolia), spearmint (Mentha spicata), orange mint (Mentha × piperita ‘Granada’) and strawberry mint (Mentha × villosa ‘Strawberry’) – were investigated for antimicrobial effects against plant pathogenic bacteria: Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae and Xanthomonas arboricola pv. corylina. The screening was carried out in vitro on agar plates filled with the target organism. All essential oils screened exhibited a higher level of antibacterial activity against A. tumefaciens and X. arboricola pv. corylina than streptomycin used as a standard in all tests. The antimicrobial effect of streptomycin and five mint oils was at the same level for P. syringae pv. syringae. There were no significant differences in the influence of the chocolate mint oil on the growth inhibition of all bacteria tested. Plant essential oils from pineapple mint, apple mint, spearmint and strawberry mint showed the weakest antimicrobial activity against P. syringae pv. syringae and the strongest towards A. tumefaciens and X. arboricola pv. corylina. The essential oils from strawberry mint, pineapple mint, spearmint and apple mint had the strongest effect on A. tumefaciens, and the lowest inhibitory activity was exhibited by the chocolate mint and orange mint essential oils. X. arboricola pv. corylina was the most sensitive to the strawberry mint, pineapple mint and spearmint oils. The chocolate mint oil showed the greatest activity against P. syringae pv. syringae.

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Antimicrobial Effect of Ferula Asafoetida against Escherichia Coli when Incorporated in Commercially Available Intracanal Medicament- Calcium Hydroxide: An In Vitro Study

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research ◽

10.31838/ijpr/2020.sp1.420 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (sp1) ◽

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Calcium Hydroxide ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Antimicrobial Effect ◽

Vitro Study ◽

Ferula Asafoetida

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2′FL and LNnT Exert Antipathogenic Effects against C. difficile ATCC 9689 In Vitro, Coinciding with Increased Levels of Bifidobacteriaceae and/or Secondary Bile Acids

Pathogens ◽

10.3390/pathogens10080927 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 927

Author(s):

Louise Kristine Vigsnaes ◽

Jonas Ghyselinck ◽

Pieter Van den Van den Abbeele ◽

Bruce McConnell ◽

Frédéric Moens ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Effect ◽

Secondary Bile Acid ◽

Clostridioides Difficile ◽

Life Threatening ◽

Intermediate Time ◽

Indigenous Microbiota ◽

Hospital Acquired ◽

Gut Microbial Community ◽

Secondary Bile Acids

Clostridioides difficile (formerly Clostridium difficile) infection (CDI) is one of the most common hospital-acquired infections, which is often triggered by a dysbiosed indigenous gut microbiota (e.g., upon antibiotic therapy). Symptoms can be as severe as life-threatening colitis. The current study assessed the antipathogenic potential of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), i.e., 2′-O-fucosyllactose (2′FL), lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT), and a combination thereof (MIX), against C. difficile ATCC 9689 using in vitro gut models that allowed the evaluation of both direct and, upon microbiota modulation, indirect effects. During a first 48 h fecal batch study, dysbiosis and CDI were induced by dilution of the fecal inoculum. For each of the three donors tested, C. difficile levels strongly decreased (with >4 log CFU/mL) upon treatment with 2′FL, LNnT and MIX versus untreated blanks, coinciding with increased acetate/Bifidobacteriaceae levels. Interindividual differences among donors at an intermediate time point suggested that the antimicrobial effect was microbiota-mediated rather than being a direct effect of the HMOs. During a subsequent 11 week study with the PathogutTM model (specific application of the Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (SHIME®)), dysbiosis and CDI were induced by clindamycin (CLI) treatment. Vancomycin (VNC) treatment cured CDI, but the further dysbiosis of the indigenous microbiota likely contributed to CDI recurrence. Upon co-supplementation with VNC, both 2′FL and MIX boosted microbial activity (acetate and to lesser extent propionate/butyrate). Moreover, 2′FL avoided CDI recurrence, potentially because of increased secondary bile acid production. Overall, while not elucidating the exact antipathogenic mechanisms-of-action, the current study highlights the potential of HMOs to combat CDI recurrence, help the gut microbial community recover after antibiotic treatment, and hence counteract the adverse effects of antibiotic therapies.

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Novel Derivatives of 4-Methyl-1,2,3-Thiadiazole-5-Carboxylic Acid Hydrazide: Synthesis, Lipophilicity, and In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity Screening

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11031180 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 1180

Author(s):

Kinga Paruch ◽

Łukasz Popiołek ◽

Anna Biernasiuk ◽

Anna Berecka-Rycerz ◽

Anna Malm ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Carboxylic Acid ◽

Bacterial Infections ◽

Acid Hydrazide ◽

Antimicrobial Effect ◽

In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Research Goal ◽

New Compounds ◽

Derivatives Of

Bacterial infections, especially those caused by strains resistant to commonly used antibiotics and chemotherapeutics, are still a current threat to public health. Therefore, the search for new molecules with potential antimicrobial activity is an important research goal. In this article, we present the synthesis and evaluation of the in vitro antimicrobial activity of a series of 15 new derivatives of 4-methyl-1,2,3-thiadiazole-5-carboxylic acid. The potential antimicrobial effect of the new compounds was observed mainly against Gram-positive bacteria. Compound 15, with the 5-nitro-2-furoyl moiety, showed the highest bioactivity: minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) = 1.95–15.62 µg/mL and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC)/MIC = 1–4 µg/mL.

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In Vitro Coliform Resistance to Bioactive Compounds in Urinary Infection, Assessed in a Lab Catheterization Model

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11094315 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 4315

Author(s):

Emanuel Vamanu ◽

Laura Dorina Dinu ◽

Cristina Mihaela Luntraru ◽

Alexandru Suciu

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Urinary Tract Infections ◽

Antimicrobial Effect ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

E Coli ◽

Functional Product ◽

Tract Infections

Bioactive compounds and phenolic compounds are viable alternatives to antibiotics in recurrent urinary tract infections. This study aimed to use a natural functional product, based on the bioactive compounds’ composition, to inhibit the uropathogenic strains of Escherichia coli. E. coli ATCC 25922 was used to characterize the IVCM (new in vitro catheterization model). As support for reducing bacterial proliferation, the cytotoxicity against a strain of Candida albicans was also determined (over 75% at 1 mg/mL). The results were correlated with the analysis of the distribution of biologically active compounds (trans-ferulic acid-268.44 ± 0.001 mg/100 g extract and an equal quantity of Trans-p-coumaric acid and rosmarinic acid). A pronounced inhibitory effect against the uropathogenic strain E. coli 317 (4 log copy no./mL after 72 h) was determined. The results showed a targeted response to the product for tested bacterial strains. The importance of research resulted from the easy and fast characterization of the functional product with antimicrobial effect against uropathogenic strains of E. coli. This study demonstrated that the proposed in vitro model was a valuable tool for assessing urinary tract infections with E. coli.

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In Vitro Effect of Photodynamic Therapy with Different Lights and Combined or Uncombined with Chlorhexidine on Candida spp.

Pharmaceutics ◽

10.3390/pharmaceutics13081176 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (8) ◽

pp. 1176

Author(s):

Vanesa Pérez-Laguna ◽

Yolanda Barrena-López ◽

Yolanda Gilaberte ◽

Antonio Rezusta

Keyword(s):

Photodynamic Therapy ◽

Light Emitting Diode ◽

Antimicrobial Effect ◽

Photodynamic Treatment ◽

Candida Spp ◽

Promising Alternative ◽

Light Emitting ◽

Colony Forming Units ◽

Vitro Effect

Candidiasis is very common and complicated to treat in some cases due to increased resistance to antifungals. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is a promising alternative treatment. It is based on the principle that light of a specific wavelength activates a photosensitizer molecule resulting in the generation of reactive oxygen species that are able to kill pathogens. The aim here is the in vitro photoinactivation of three strains of Candida spp., Candida albicans ATCC 10231, Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019 and Candida krusei ATCC 6258, using aPDT with different sources of irradiation and the photosensitizer methylene blue (MB), alone or in combination with chlorhexidine (CHX). Irradiation was carried out at a fluence of 18 J/cm2 with a light-emitting diode (LED) lamp emitting in red (625 nm) or a white metal halide lamp (WMH) that emits at broad-spectrum white light (420–700 nm). After the photodynamic treatment, the antimicrobial effect is evaluated by counting colony forming units (CFU). MB-aPDT produces a 6 log10 reduction in the number of CFU/100 μL of Candida spp., and the combination with CHX enhances the effect of photoinactivation (effect achieved with lower concentration of MB). Both lamps have similar efficiencies, but the WMH lamp is slightly more efficient. This work opens the doors to a possible clinical application of the combination for resistant or persistent forms of Candida infections.

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Antimicrobial Activity of Curcumin in Nanoformulations: A Comprehensive Review

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22137130 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (13) ◽

pp. 7130

Author(s):

Jeffersson Krishan Trigo-Gutierrez ◽

Yuliana Vega-Chacón ◽

Amanda Brandão Soares ◽

Ewerton Garcia de Oliveira Mima

Keyword(s):

Polymeric Nanoparticles ◽

Graphene Quantum Dots ◽

Antimicrobial Properties ◽

Antimicrobial Effect ◽

Clinical Scenarios ◽

Low Cytotoxicity ◽

Bacteria And Fungi ◽

Drug Resistant Strains

Curcumin (CUR) is a natural substance extracted from turmeric that has antimicrobial properties. Due to its ability to absorb light in the blue spectrum, CUR is also used as a photosensitizer (PS) in antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT). However, CUR is hydrophobic, unstable in solutions, and has low bioavailability, which hinders its clinical use. To circumvent these drawbacks, drug delivery systems (DDSs) have been used. In this review, we summarize the DDSs used to carry CUR and their antimicrobial effect against viruses, bacteria, and fungi, including drug-resistant strains and emergent pathogens such as SARS-CoV-2. The reviewed DDSs include colloidal (micelles, liposomes, nanoemulsions, cyclodextrins, chitosan, and other polymeric nanoparticles), metallic, and mesoporous particles, as well as graphene, quantum dots, and hybrid nanosystems such as films and hydrogels. Free (non-encapsulated) CUR and CUR loaded in DDSs have a broad-spectrum antimicrobial action when used alone or as a PS in aPDT. They also show low cytotoxicity, in vivo biocompatibility, and improved wound healing. Although there are several in vitro and some in vivo investigations describing the nanotechnological aspects and the potential antimicrobial application of CUR-loaded DDSs, clinical trials are not reported and further studies should translate this evidence to the clinical scenarios of infections.

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Antifungal and Antibacterial Metabolites from a French Poplar Type Propolis

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2015/319240 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Séverine Boisard ◽

Anne-Marie Le Ray ◽

Anne Landreau ◽

Marie Kempf ◽

Viviane Cassisa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Antifungal Activity ◽

Antimicrobial Effect ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Dilution Method ◽

Agar Dilution Method ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Weak Activity ◽

Agar Dilution

During this study, thein vitroantifungal and antibacterial activities of different extracts (aqueous and organic) obtained from a French propolis batch were evaluated. Antifungal activity was evaluated by broth microdilution on three pathogenic strains:Candida albicans, C. glabrata, andAspergillus fumigatus. Antibacterial activity was assayed using agar dilution method on 36 Gram-negative and Gram-positive strains includingStaphylococcus aureus. Organic extracts showed a significant antifungal activity againstC. albicansandC. glabrata(MIC80between 16 and 31 µg/mL) but only a weak activity towardsA. fumigatus(MIC80= 250 µg/mL). DCM based extracts exhibited a selective Gram-positive antibacterial activity, especially againstS. aureus(SA) and several of its methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and methicillin-susceptible (MSSA) strains (MIC10030–97 µg/mL). A new and active derivative of catechin was also identified whereas a synergistic antimicrobial effect was noticed during this study.

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Antimicrobial effect of Casiopeinas® copper- and ruthenium-based compounds on Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and in vitro cell viability onto osteoblasts cells

Brazilian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1007/s42770-021-00648-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Larios-Cervantes Alexis Alberto ◽

Chávez-Cortéz Elda Georgina ◽

Martínez-Hernández Miryam ◽

Talavera-Contreras Luis Gabriel ◽

Espinoza-Guillen Adrian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Viability ◽

Antimicrobial Effect ◽

Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans

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