A kinetic model for Ascaridia galli populations in chickens treated with mixed salts of copper and zinc

1999 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Gabrashanska ◽  
S. Teodorova ◽  
M. Galvez-Morros ◽  
O. Garcia Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Quantitative Interpretation ◽  
Ascaridia Galli ◽  
Copper And Zinc ◽  
Host Mortality ◽  
Mixed Salts ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Phenomenological Constant ◽  
Good Agreement

The action of mixed salts of copper and zinc (basic and neutral) on Hisex chickens experimentally infected with Ascaridia galli has been studied. The data show that the lowest host mortality and decrease in body weight gain and the highest reduction in nematode loading occurs in infected chickens treated with basic salts (in comparison with infected chickens, untreated or treated with neutral salts). A mathematical model has been proposed to provide a quantitative interpretation of the observed results. The model solutions of the kinetics of parasite numbers and of the gain in body weight are in a good agreement with the experimental data. One of the kinetic parameters in the model is defined as a phenomenological constant of the host immune response. Its value is determined in the case of infected and untreated chickens.

The effect of cobalt compounds on uninfected andAscaridia galli-infected chickens: a kinetic model forAscaridia gallipopulations and chicken growth

2002 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 303-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Gabrashanska ◽  
S.E. Teodorova ◽  
M. Mitov
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Quantitative Interpretation ◽  
Ascaridia Galli ◽  
Basic Salt ◽  
Small Doses ◽  
Cobalt Compounds ◽  
Host Mortality ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Good Agreement

AbstractThe effect of dietary cobalt from three different sources on uninfected andAscaridia galli-infected Hisex chickens, has been studied. The chicken diet was supplemented with 0.06 Co2+kg-1food either in the form of two glycine–cobalt compounds or mixed zinc–cobalt basic salt. An excess of dietary cobalt in small doses increases the gain of body weight and decreases host mortality. A greater bioefficiency of cobalt was established in infected chickens. A mathematical model has been used to provide a quantitative interpretation of the observed results. The model solutions of the kinetics of worm numbers and body weight are in a good agreement with experimental data. The model is valid for different degrees ofA. galliinfections and for treatment with different trace elements. The value of the kinetic parameter, regarded as a phenomenological constant of the host immune response, depends on the degree of infection.

scholarly journals Studies on prevalence of ascariasis in indigenous chickens in Gaibandha district and treatment by pineapple leaves extract

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mst Kamrunnaher Akter ◽  
ABM Jalal Uddin ◽  
Maksudur Rashid ◽  
Fahima Binthe Aziz ◽  
Md Bazlar Rashid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Anthelmintic Resistance ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ascaridia Galli ◽  
Indigenous Chicken ◽  
Alternative Choice ◽  
Hematological Changes ◽  
Pineapple Leaves

Ascariasis is very common in indigenous chicken causing retarded growth, low productivity and mortality. Considering the problem of Ascaridia galli in chickens, anthelmintic resistance, high cost and human health hazard of chemical anthelmintic the use of medicinal plant is an alternative choice. The study was conducted to determine the incidence of ascariasis in Polashbari upazilla of Gobindhaganj district during July to November 2012 and subsequently evaluated the efficacy of pineapple (Ananus comosus) leaves extract against ascariasis infected chickens. Out of 500 chickens examined for presence of A. galli infestation by faecal sample examination, 365 hens and 135 cocks. The 292 female (80%) and 119 male (88.15%) were found infected with A. galli. The highest infection rate 95.26% was found in 60 to 90 days of age group. Infected chickens were treated with pineapple leaves extract @ 1ml/kg body weight per OS for 7 consecutive days. The efficacy of anthelmintic treatment was evaluated by counting fecal egg per gram (EPG) compared with pretreatment values. Body weight and hematological changes of each chicken was recorded in pre and post treatment. In the untreated control chickens the average EPG increased from 300 ± 11.07 to 340 ± 13.96. The average EPG reduced from 300 ± 11.07 to 60 ± 7.40 within 28 days of pineapple treatment. The mean body weight gain in treated chicken was significantly (p<0.01) higher than the control. Pineapple leaves extract increased the TEC, Hb and PCV and decreased TLC and ESR values of chickens. But in control group TEC, Hb and PCV decreased and TLC and ESR values increased. It may be concluded that pineapple leaves extract treatment effectively reduced the ascariasis load in chicken and improved body weight.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.3(1): 157-163, April 2016

DIALLEL CROSSES OF REPLICATE SELECTED LINES OF RATS

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 479-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. RUTLEDGE ◽  
A. B. CHAPMAN
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Selected Lines ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Marginal Means ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Good Agreement

A 6 × 6 diallel experiment was conducted with two control lines (Ri), two lines (Ui) selected for increased and two lines (Di) selected for decreased 3- to 9-wk body weight gain. Traits studied were 2-, 3-, 6- and 9-wk body weights and 3- to 9-wk body weight gain. For all traits, marginal means for dams or sires ranked in the order U > R > D. There was good agreement between replicate dam lines and between replicate sire lines for general combining ability. There was no clear evidence of any specific combining ability (non-additive gene effects) from crosses of lines within or between selection treatments.

scholarly journals Comparative efficacy of korolla (Momordica charantia) extract and Ivermec® pour on with their effects on certain blood parameters and body weight gain in indigenous chicken infected with Ascaridia galli

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
HM Shahadat ◽  
M Mostofa ◽  
MAA Mamum ◽  
ME Hoque ◽  
MA Awal
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Momordica Charantia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ascaridia Galli ◽  
Indigenous Chicken ◽  
Group B

Comparative anthelmintics efficacy of whole korolla fruit (Momordica charantia) extract and ivermec® pour on was evaluated in vitro and in vivo on adult Ascaridia galli of indigenous chicken. The total trial chickens (60) were divided equally into 3 groups; group A as control, group B treated with ivermec® pour on @ 500 μg/kg bwt by dropper through skin absorption for single dose and group C treated with 3% aqueous extract of korolla. Freshly prepared aqueous extract of the korolla fruit was performed as wormicidal properties against adult A. galli on in vitro and in vivo study. 3% aqueous extract of korolla fruit was treated as higher efficacy against A. galli. The live body weight was increased in chicken after treatment in group B and C respectively but in control group body weight was slowly decreased. TEC (million/cu mm), Hb (gm %) and PCV (%30 minutes) were increased significantly in chickens of treated groups whereas ESR was increased in control groups. Key words: Anthelmintics efficacy, korolla, Ivermec® pour on, Ascaridia galli, indigenous chicken, haematological parameters  doi: 10.3329/bjvm.v6i2.2328 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2008). 6 (2): 153-158   

scholarly journals Dietary L-carnitine supplementation increases antigen-specific immunoglobulin G production in broiler chickens

2000 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Mast ◽  
Johan Buyse ◽  
Bruno M. Goddeeris
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Temperature Treatment ◽  
Carnitine Supplementation ◽  
Specific Immunoglobulin ◽  
Commercial Feeds ◽  
Humoral Responses ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Kinetics Of

The usefulness of supplementary dietary L-CARNITINE AS AN IMMUNOMODULATOR TO INCREASE ANTIGEN-SPECIFIC ANTIBODY LEVELS WAS ANALYSED IN 2–6-WEEK-OLD BROILERS. THE CHICKENS RECEIVED COMMERCIAL FEEDS EITHER UNSUPPLEMENTED (STARTER FEED 17·8 MG CARNITINE/KG, FINISHER DIET 22·9 MG CARNITINE/KG) OR SUPPLEMENTED WITH l-carnitine (100 mg carnitine/kg added to feed). At 14 d of age, both groups were distributed in equal numbers and sex ratios over two environmentally controlled chambers where temperature (28°) was either reduced immediately to 20°, or gradually to 22° at 36 d of age. Antigen-specific immunoglobulin (Ig)M, IgG, IgA and total Ig responses were measured following two immunizations with bovine serum albumin (BSA). The typical BSA-specific IgM responses followed by IgG responses to the primary immunization were boosted by the secondary immunization. The kinetics of these responses were not altered by l-carnitine treatment. However, BSA-specific total Ig and IgG, but not IgM, responses were significantly increased by dietary l-carnitine supplementation, after both the primary and the secondary immunization. No significant influence of the sex of the chicks or the imposed environmental temperature on Ig responses was found. Temperature treatment and sex, but not l-carnitine supplementation, did significantly influence body-weight gain: cockerels were heavier than females and this became most evident in the second half of the rearing period. Further, lowering the temperature increased body weight. In conclusion, dietary l-carnitine supplementation appeared to be beneficial in enhancing specific humoral responses on vaccination.

The effects of dietary non-starch polysaccharides onAscaridia galliinfection in grower layers

Parasitology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 139 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. DAŞ ◽  
H. ABEL ◽  
J. HUMBURG ◽  
A. SCHWARZ ◽  
S. RAUTENSCHLEIN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Worm Burden ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Feed Utilization ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Ascaridia Galli ◽  
Body Weights

SUMMARYThis study examined whetherAscaridia galliinfection can be controlled by dietary non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) in chickens. One-day-old chicks were fed either a basal diet (CON) or CON plus insoluble NSP (I-NSP), or CON plus soluble NSP (S-NSP) for 11 weeks. Three weeks later, birds from half of each feeding group were inoculated with 250 embryonated eggs ofA. galli, and slaughtered 8 weeks post-infection to determine worm counts. Both NSP diets, particularly S-NSP, increased prevalence of infection (P<0·05) and worm burden (roughly +50%) of the birds (P<0·001).A. galliinfection caused a less efficient (P=0·013) feed utilization for body weight gain (BWG) resulting in lower body weights (P<0·001) irrespective of type of diet consumed. NSP-fed birds, particularly those on I-NSP, consumed more (+8%) feed per unit BWG and showed retarded (P<0·001) BW development compared to CON-fed birds. Intracaecal pH was lowered by S-NSP (P<0·05). Both NSP diets increased the volatile fatty acids pool size in caeca (P<0·001) with S-NSP exerting a greater effect (+46%) than I-NSP (+24%). It is concluded that both NSPs supplemented diets alter gastrointestinal environment in favour of the nematode establishment, and thus have no potential for controllingA. galliinfection in chickens.

L-Ascorbic Acid Addition to Chitosan Reduces Body Weight in Overweight Women

2014 ◽  
Vol 84 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 5-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun Y. Jung ◽  
Sung C. Jun ◽  
Un J. Chang ◽  
Hyung J. Suh
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Percentage Body Fat ◽  
Overweight Women ◽  
Body Weights

Previously, we have found that the addition of L-ascorbic acid to chitosan enhanced the reduction in body weight gain in guinea pigs fed a high-fat diet. We hypothesized that the addition of L-ascorbic acid to chitosan would accelerate the reduction of body weight in humans, similar to the animal model. Overweight subjects administered chitosan with or without L-ascorbic acid for 8 weeks, were assigned to three groups: Control group (N = 26, placebo, vehicle only), Chito group (N = 27, 3 g/day chitosan), and Chito-vita group (N = 27, 3 g/day chitosan plus 2 g/day L-ascorbic acid). The body weights and body mass index (BMI) of the Chito and Chito-vita groups decreased significantly (p < 0.05) compared to the Control group. The BMI of the Chito-vita group decreased significantly compared to the Chito group (Chito: -1.0 kg/m2 vs. Chito-vita: -1.6 kg/m2, p < 0.05). The results showed that the chitosan enhanced reduction of body weight and BMI was accentuated by the addition of L-ascorbic acid. The fat mass, percentage body fat, body circumference, and skinfold thickness in the Chito and Chito-vita groups decreased more than the Control group; however, these parameters were not significantly different between the three groups. Chitosan combined with L-ascorbic acid may be useful for controlling body weight.

THE EFFECT OF (Morinda citrifolia L.) MEAL IN DIET ON PERFORMANCE OF BROILER

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Yosi Fenita
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Morinda Citrifolia ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Effect Of Feeding ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Average Body Weight

The objective of the research was to evaluate to effect of feeding mengkudu on performances of broilers. The research design used was completely randomized design. One hundred broilers were distributed into five treatments. The treatments were different levels of mengkudu meal (0, 0.75%, 1.5%, 2.25 % and 3%). The observed measured were feed consumption, average body weight (gain) and feed conversion. Results showed that feeding mengkudu (Morinda Citrifolia L.)  no effect significant (P>0.05) on feed consumption, average body weight and feed conversion.  In conclusion, feeding mengkudu meal up to 3% (in diet) does not negatively affect feed consumption, average body weight, and feed conversion.

PENGEMBANGAN TANAMAN RAMI (Boehmeria nivea L. Gaud) DAN PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH DAUN RAMI UNTUK PENGGEMUKKAN DOMBA WONOSOBO

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-210
Author(s):  
Muryanto Muryanto ◽  
Pita Sudrajad ◽  
Amrih Prasetyo
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
The Body ◽  
Boehmeria Nivea ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Potential Capacity ◽  
The Given

The aim of the study was to determine the development of ramie plants (Boehmeria nivea L. Gaud) and the effect of using ramie leaves on feed on the body weight gain of Wonosobo Sheep (Dombos). Research on the development of ramie plants using survey methods in the area of ramie plant development in Wonosobo Regency. While the research on the use of ramie leaves for fattening was carried out in Butuh Village, Kalikajar District, Wonosobo Regency in 2018. 21 male Dombos were divided into 3 feed treatments with forage proportions of 70%, 50% and 30 ramie leaves respectively. %. The results showed that currently ramie plants were being developed in Wonosobo Regency by CV. Ramindo Berkah Persada Sejahtera in Gandok Village, Kalikajar District, Wonosobo Regency, Central Java. Until now the area of the crop has reached 13 ha. Of this area will produce ramie leaves 195,000 kg / year. If one sheep needs 4 kg of ramie / tail / day leaves, then the potential capacity of sheep is 135 heads / year, if the given one is 50% then the Jurnal Litbang Provinsi Jawa Tengah, Volume 16 202 Nomor 2 – Desember 2018potential capacity is 270 heads / year and if it is reduced again to 25% of ramie leaves then the potential capacity 440 heads / year. The use of ramie leaves as a feed for Wonosobo Sheep fattening can be given as much as 30% in fresh form.

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