Staphylococcus aureus Mediastinitis: Prognostic Usefulness of an Early Medicosurgical Therapy

1987 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 325-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascal Voiriot ◽  
J. André Marcoux ◽  
Raymond Duperval ◽  
Javier Teijeira
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Povidone Iodine ◽  
Median Sternotomy ◽  
Chest Roentgenogram ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Continuous Irrigation ◽  
Povidone Iodine Solution ◽  
Acute Mediastinitis

AbstractSix cases of acute Staphylococcus aureus mediastinitis after median sternotomy were reported. Five resulted from an asymptomatic disseminator of 5 aureus present in the operating room. Each case was characterized by an acute bacteremic phase, occurring after a mean interval of 8.2 ± 1.7 days after the surgical procedure; within 24 to 36 hours all patients had a temperature above 39°C, toxic appearance, and marked leukocytosis. Pericicatricial inflammation was moderate, instability of the sternum was present in only two patients, and chest roentgenogram was not helpful in making an early diagnosis. No risk factor for mediasinitis in connection with the perioperative or postoperative periods was noted in cases compared with a control group of 103 patients. All strains of S aureus were susceptible in vitro to the antibiotic regimen used in prophylaxis. All patients underwent early surgical reopening of the mediastinum within 47 ± 15 hours after the first sign of acute mediastinitis. Mediastinal debridement and continuous irrigation-suction with dilute povidone-iodine solution were associated with intravenous antistaphylococcal therapy for a period of four to six weeks. All patients survived and no recurrence was observed, a finding we think due to early diagnosis and aggressive medicosurgical therapy.

scholarly journals 569. Evaluation of a Povidone-Iodine Preparation for Nasal Decolonization of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S269-S269
Author(s):  
Hussein Abou Ghaddara ◽  
Jennifer Cadnum ◽  
Y Karen Ng Wong ◽  
Curtis Donskey
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Povidone Iodine ◽  
Perioperative Period ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Dosing Intervals ◽  
And Control ◽  
Emergence Of Resistance

Abstract Background Mupirocin is commonly used for nasal decolonization of Staphylococcus aureus, but it has limitations including frequent emergence of resistance and non-adherence due to the need for repeated applications. Povidone-iodine is increasingly used as an alternative for nasal decolonization because it has a low propensity for emergence of resistance and rapid in vitro antibacterial activity. However, limited data are available on the microbiological efficacy of povidone-iodine for suppression of nasal S. aureus. Methods We compared the effectiveness of a single application or 5 days of twice daily application of a commercial 10% povidone-iodine preparation vs. phosphate-buffered saline for a reduction in nasal MRSA in methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA)-colonized patients (9–11 per treatment group). Nasal swabs were collected for quantitative culture of MRSA before and at 1, 6, 12 and 24 hours after the single application or before each dose for the 5-day regimen. Analysis of variance was used to compare MRSA colony counts in povidone iodine vs. control patients. Results The concentrations of MRSA in the nares were similar for povidone-iodine and control group patients prior to treatment. As shown in the figure, the single application of povidone-iodine resulted in a statically significant reduction in nasal MRSA in comparison to controls at 2 and 6 hours after treatment (P10 colonies per swab). Conclusion Our findings suggest that single preoperative applications povidone-iodine could be useful for short-term suppression of S. aureus during the perioperative period. Additional studies are needed to evaluate the efficacy of the povidone-iodine preparation for MRSA decolonization when used at more frequent dosing intervals or in combination with chlorhexidine bathing. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

Pyothorax Caused by Anaerobic Organisms

1995 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-89
Author(s):  
Kiyoshi Haneda ◽  
Yoshitoshi Kagami ◽  
Tsunenori Katakura ◽  
Hiraku Sugawara ◽  
Michio Makabe
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Povidone Iodine ◽  
English Literature ◽  
Abscess Cavity ◽  
Iodine Solution ◽  
Continuous Irrigation ◽  
Bacteroides Species ◽  
Streptococcus Species ◽  
Povidone Iodine Solution

Pyothorax was caused by anaerobic organisms including Actinomyces viscosus, anaerobic streptococcus species, and Bacteroides species in a 67-year-old man. Despite administration of antibiotics and continuous irrigation of the abscess cavity with a povidone iodine solution, the pyothorax was complicated by pneumonia and the patient died of sepsis caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus on the 44th hospital day. This case is the 10th report of thoracic Actinomyces viscosus infection in English literature.

scholarly journals Perbandingan Daya Hambat Larutan Antiseptik Povidone iodine dengan Ekstrak Daun Sirih terhadap Candida albicans secara In Vitro

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Septriana Putri ◽  
Aziz Djamal ◽  
Rahmatini Rahmatini ◽  
Cimi Ilmiawati
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Povidone Iodine ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Iodine Solution ◽  
Betel Leaf ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Povidone Iodine Solution

Abstrak Candida albicansb (C. albicans) adalah salah satu mikroorganisme penyebab masalah kesehatan reproduksi wanita, yaitu keputihan (fluor albus). Penggunaan larutan povidone iodine dan bahan alam seperti ekstrak daun sirih menjadi pilihan masyarakat sebagai pembersih alat kewanitaan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkandaya hambat larutan antiseptik povidone iodine dan ekstrak daun sirih terhadap jamur C. albicans secara in vitro. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap lima isolat jamur C. albicans dengan larutan kontrol akuades.Perlakuan terdiri dari povidone iodine, ekstrak daun sirih dengan konsentrasi 5%, 10%, dan 20%.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa povidone iodine memiliki daya hambat terhadap C. albicans. Ekstrak daun sirih dengan konsentrasi 5% dan 10% tidak memiliki daya hambat terhadap C. albicans, namun ekstrak daun sirih konsentrasi 20% memiliki daya hambat terhadap C. albicans. Analisis statistik dengan uji ANOVA yang dilanjutkan dengan uji Post-hoc menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna antara daya hambat larutan povidone iodine dan ekstrak daun sirih 20% terhadap kontrol(p < 0.05).Larutan povidone iodine memiliki daya hambat dua kali lebih besar terhadap pertumbuhan C. albicans dibandingkan ekstrak daun sirih 20%. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa larutan povidone iodine dan ekstrak daun sirih 20% dapat menghambat pertumbuhan jamur C. albicans secara in vitro. Kata kunci: povidone iodine, ekstrak daun sirih, Candida albicansAbstract Candida albicans (C. albicans) is one of the frequent causes of  reproductive health problems in women, namely vaginal discharge (fluor albus). The antiseptic solution, povidone iodine, is still an option to overcome vaginal discharge. The use of natural materials such as betel (Piper betle L.) leaves extract also become a popular choice as adouche for women. The objective of this study was to compare the inhibitory activity of povidone iodine solution and betel leaf extract against the growth of C. albicans in vitro. We used five different isolates of C. albicans with distilled water as control. Each isolate was treated with povidone iodine solution, betel leaf extract at concentration of 5%, 10%,and 20%. The results showed that povidone iodine had inhibitory effect on C. albicans. Betel leaf extract at concentration of 5% and 10% did not have inhibitory effectwhile betel leaf extract at concentration of 20% hadinhibitory effect on C. albicans. Analysis by ANOVA followed by Post-hoc tests showed a significant difference in inhibitory activity of povidone iodine and betel leaf extract at 20% concentration compared to control (p < 0,05). Povidone iodine solution showed twice as much as inhibitory effect on C. albicans compared to betel leaf extract (20% concentration). It is concluded that povidone iodine solution and betel leaf extract at 20% concentration can inhibit the growth of C. albicans in vitro.Keywords: povidone iodine, betel leaf extract, Candida albicans

scholarly journals Uji Daya Hambat Air Perasan Buah Jeruk Nipis (Citrus aurantifolia s.) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Staphylococcus Aureus Secara In Vitro

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 05 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Razak ◽  
Aziz Djamal ◽  
Gusti Revilla
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Citrus Aurantifolia ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Growth Of Bacteria

AbstrakJeruk Nipis (Citrus aurantifolia S.) merupakan salah satu tanaman obat keluarga yang banyak terdapat ditengah masyarkat dan banyak digunakan sebagai ramuan tradisional. Bagian yang sering digunakan adalah air perasannya, dengan salah satu manfaat dapat digunakan untuk menghilangkan jerawat serta penyembuhan luka agar tidak terjadi abses. Jerawat dan abses pada luka merupakan salah satu infeksi yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Staphylococcus aureus.Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui daya hambat air perasan buah jeruk nipis (Citrus aurantifolia S.) terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus secara invitro. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metoda eksperimental laboratorium dengan desain postest only control group design yang dilakukan di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa air perasan buah jeruk nipis memiliki daya hambat terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dengan berbagai konsentrasi yaitu 25%, 50%, 75%, dan 100% dan terdapat pengaruh lama kontak terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri dimana bakteri tidak tumbuh seteleh kontak 5 menit pertama dan diikuti menit-menit berikutnya dengan air perasan buah jeruk nipis konsentrasi 100%. Jadi, semakin tinggi konsentrasi air perasan buah jeruk nipis dan semakin lama kontak dengan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus maka daya hambatnya semakin baik.Kata kunci: Uji Daya Hambat, Air Perasan Buah Jeruk Nipis, Staphylococcus aureus.Abstract Lime (Citrus aurantifolia S.) is kind of family’s herbal medicine, most using in the community is widely used as a traditional herb. The most common used part is the lime fruit squeeze with one of the function is used for removing acne and wound healing to prevent the form of abscess. Pimples and abscesses of the wound is one of the infections caused by the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus.The purpose of this study was to determine the inhibition of lime fruit (Citrus aurantifolia S.) squeeze towards the growth of the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus in vitro condition. The study was conducted with laboratory experimental methods to the design of control group design postest only performed at the Laboratory of Microbiology Faculty of Medicine, University of Andalas.The results showed that the lime fruit (Citrus aurantifolia S.) squeeze has the ability to inhibite the bacterial growth of Staphylococcus aureus with various concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% and there is the effect of contact time on the growth of bacteria which the bacteria do not grow after contact the first 5 minutes and the next minute followed by lime fruit squeeze with 100% concentration lime fruit squeeze. Thus, the higher the concentration of lime fruit squeeze and the longer the contact with the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus is the better towards.Keywords:Inhibition test, The Lime Fruit Squeeze, Staphylococcus Aureus.

scholarly journals Staphylococcus aureus growth delay after exposure to low fluencies of blue light (470 nm)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. D. C. Galo ◽  
B. E. De Lima ◽  
T. G. Santos ◽  
A. Braoios ◽  
R. P. Prado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Blue Light ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Growth Delay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Prolonged Incubation ◽  
Bacterial Cultures ◽  
Experimental Approaches ◽  
Prolonged Hospital

Abstract Antibiotic resistance is one of the greatest challenges to treat bacterial infections worldwide, leading to increase in medical expenses, prolonged hospital stay and increased mortality. The use of blue light has been suggested as an innovative alternative to overcome this problem. In this study we analyzed the antibacterial effect of blue light using low emission parameters on Staphylococcus aureus cultures. In vitro bacterial cultures were used in two experimental approaches. The first approach included single or fractionated blue light application provided by LED emitters (470 nm), with the following fluencies: 16.29, 27.16 and 54.32 J/cm2. For the second approach a power LED (470 nm) was used to deliver 54.32 J/cm2 fractionated in 3 applications. Our results demonstrated that bacterial cultures exposed to fractionated blue light radiation exhibited significantly smaller sizes colonies than the control group after 24 h incubation, however the affected bacteria were able to adapt and continue to proliferate after prolonged incubation time. We could conclude that the hypothetical clinical use of low fluencies of blue light as an antibacterial treatment is risky, since its action is not definitive and proves to be ineffective at least for the strain used in this study.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PRE-CAESAREAN VAGINAL WASH WITH 5% POVIDONE – IODINE SOLUTION VERSUS NO WASH IN PREVENTING POSTOPERATIVE INFECTION.

2020 ◽  
pp. 44-46
Author(s):  
Sonali Deshpande ◽  
Shrinivas Gadappa ◽  
Dhanashree Lahane ◽  
Sandeep Mannikatti
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Wound Infection ◽  
Povidone Iodine ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotic ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Iodine Solution ◽  
Interventional Group ◽  
Vaginal Wash ◽  
Povidone Iodine Solution

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of pre-cesarean vaginal wash using 5% Povidone Iodine solution on rate of post-cesarean section (CS) surgical site infection and compared with No swabbing. Method: A Prospective Randomized controlled Trial was conducted in department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Government medical college, Aurangabad. In interventional group, vaginal swabbing with a gauze pieces impregnated with 5% Povidone Iodine solution was done for 30 seconds. The swabbing of vagina was not performed in cases assigned to control group, however the standard surgical preparation of abdomen was done in a usual manner for both group. All subject received prophylactic antibiotic cover. Collected data was complied in pre-designed proforma and analysis was done using SPSS 15. Result: The risk of post operative fever and wound infection was significantly reduced in interventional group. No measure difference was noted in seroma and composite wound infection. Also less duration of hospital stay in interventional group was noted. No adverse effect of use of Povidone iodine was reported in the interventional group. Conclusion: Vaginal swabbing with 5% Povidone-iodine pre- LSCS is inexpensive and simple intervention even for low resource setting to decrease surgical site infection.

Teratogenicity of Staphylococcus aureus L-forms using a mouse whole-embryo culture model

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 677-682
Author(s):  
Yong Liu ◽  
Xiang Zhu ◽  
Feng-ling Yu ◽  
Xiao-ming Kong ◽  
Na Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Mouse Embryos ◽  
Head Length ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Whole Embryo Culture ◽  
Crown Rump Length ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Pass Through

Our previous studies have suggested that Staphylococcus aureus L-forms are able to pass through the placental barrier of mice from the maternal side to the fetal body and affect fetal growth and development, but little is known about the direct influence of S. aureus L-forms on embryos during the critical period of organogenesis. Mouse embryos at gestational day 8.5 were cultured in vitro for 48 h with 0, 50, 100, 200 or 400 c.f.u. S. aureus L-forms ml−1. At the end of the culture period, the mouse embryos were assessed morphologically for viability, growth and development. Bacteriological and immunohistochemical staining were used to determine the existence of S. aureus L-forms in embryonic tissues. We found that both crown–rump length and head length of mouse embryos exposed to S. aureus L-forms at a concentration of 50 c.f.u. ml−1 were reduced. When the mouse embryos were exposed to 100, 200 or 400 c.f.u. S. aureus L-forms ml−1, the total morphological score, number of somites, dry embryo weight, yolk sac diameter, crown–rump length and head length were significantly lower than those of the control group. With the increased concentration of S. aureus L-forms in the culture medium, there were fewer normally developed embryos and more embryos with abnormalities or retardation in growth. S. aureus L-forms detected by Gram-staining and immunohistochemical detection of antigen were found in the tissues of embryos infected by S. aureus L-forms. These data suggest that S. aureus L-forms exert a direct teratogenic effect on cultured mouse embryos in vitro.

scholarly journals Differences in Effectiveness of Antibacterial Power Between Cocoa Peel Extract (Theobroma cocoa L.) and Benzalkonium Chloride 0.1% Against Staphylococcus aureus (In Vitro)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Tamara Yuanita ◽  
Mohammed Alaqsha Brysoul Ceson ◽  
Agus Subiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Benzalkonium Chloride ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Dental Biofilm ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Peel Extract

Background: Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive bacteria play a role in the formation of dental biofilm which iscausing dental caries. During tooth preparation, to stop the growth of bacteria, a cavity cleaning agent is given using achemical, namely Benzalkonium Chloride (BAC) 0.1%, but BAC has disadvantages including allergic reactions, tolerantmicrobes, and resistance. Therefore, it is hoped that there will be herbal ingredients that can be used as an alternative.Cocoa peel extract has active compounds of tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, and saponins which haveantibacterial concentration 6% according to safe concentrations. Purpose: To explain the difference in the effectivenessof the antibacterial power of 6% cocoa peel extract and 0.1% BAC against Staphylococcus aureus (in vitro). Methods:This study was a laboratory experimental in vitro with the posttest only control group design. Using the diffusion methodfor Staphylococcus aureus that divided into two parts, 6% cocoa peel extract and 0.1% BAC. Each petri dish was givendisc paper dripped with 0.01 ml of each test material, then incubated for two days and observed the diameter of theinhibition zone. Results: The average diameter of the inhibition zone formed in the 6% cacao peel extract was 11.5288mm and BAC 0.1% was 18.2925 mm against Staphylococcus aureus. Conclusion: There was a significant difference inthe effectiveness of antibacterial power (p <0.05) between 6% cacao peel extract (Theobroma cacao L.) and 0.1% BACagainst Staphylococcus aureus (In Vitro).

scholarly journals Hambat Ekstrak Etanol Rimpang Kunyit (Curcuma domestica V.) terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus Secara In Vitro

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 590
Author(s):  
Putri Ramadhani ◽  
Erly Erly ◽  
Asterina Asterina
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Post Test

Staphylococcus aureus merupakan salah satu bakteri patogen yang bisa menyebabkan infeksi. Penggunaan antibiotika untuk penanganan infeksi yang tidak rasional dapat membuat kuman patogen menjadi resistensi, sehingga penggunaan Rimpang kunyit (Curcuma domestica V.) mungkin dapat sebagai alternatif pengganti antibiotik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui daya hambat ekstrak etanol rimpang kunyit (Curcuma domestica V.) terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus secara in vitro. Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental laboratorium dengan desain post-test only control group design menggunakan metode difusi (cakram) yang dilakukan dari Februari 2015 sampai September 2015 di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas. Sampel yang digunakan adalah rimpang kunyit yang berasal dari ladang kunyit Puncak Payo, Tanah Garam Solok. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak etanol rimpang kunyit (Curcuma domestica V.) memiliki daya hambat yang berbeda terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri S. aureus dengan berbagai konsentrasi yaitu 10%, 20%, 40%, 80% b/v . Konsentrasi ekstrak yang paling efektif dalam menghambat S. aureus adalah konsentrasi 80% b/v. Penggunaan ekstrak etanol rimpang kunyit (Curcuma domestica V.) sebagai alternatif pengganti antibiotik terhadap infeksi oleh S. aureus perlu dipertimbangkan.

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