scholarly journals Climatic factors determine the yield and quality of Honghe flue-cured tobacco

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuoxin Tang ◽  
Lulu Chen ◽  
Zebin Chen ◽  
Yali Fu ◽  
Xiaolu Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Chemical Component ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Tobacco Leaves ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Soil Clay ◽  
Supply Capacity

AbstractFlue-cured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) is a major cash crop in Yunnan, China, and the yield, chemical components, and their proportions decide the quality of tobacco leaves. To understand the effects of environmental factors (soil and climatic factors) on the yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco and determine the main regulating factors, we selected three flue-cured tobacco cultivars [K326, Yunyan87 (Yun87), and Honghuadajinyuan (Hongda)] grown in the Honghe Tobacco Zone. Indices related to yield and economic traits, chemical component properties, soil physical and chemical properties, and climatic factors at different planting sites, were evaluated. We used variance analysis, correlation analysis, and redundancy analysis (RDA) in this study. The results showed that the yield and chemical component properties of flue-cured tobacco, except for the number of left leaves and plant total sugar (PTS) content, were significantly correlated with climatic factors. Particularly, the yield increased in drier and sunnier weather. In terms of the carbon supply capacity, PTS, petroleum ether (PPE), and starch contents (PS) were higher under high-altitude and high-latitude climatic conditions, whereas for the nitrogen supply capacity, plant nitrogen (PTN) and nicotine (PN) contents improved under low-altitude and low-latitude climatic conditions. PTS, reducing sugar (PRS), potassium (PTK), chlorine (PCL), and PPE contents were negatively related to soil clay content, soil pH, and soil organic matter, whereas PRS and PTK contents were positively correlated with alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen (AN). According to RDA, the soil clay, AN, available phosphorus (AP), and soil chlorine content (SCL) strongly affected the quality of flue-cured tobacco. The quality of the K326 and Yun87 cultivars was mostly influenced by moisture, whereas the quality of the Hongda cultivar was mostly affected by temperature. In conclusion, compared with soil properties, climatic factors more significantly affect the yield and quality of Honghe flue-cured tobacco leaves.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF THE FORMATION OF OIL CONTENT IN VARIETIES OF SPRING OATS IN SHARPLY CONTINENTAL CLIMATIC CONDITIONS

2020 ◽  
pp. 86-93
Author(s):  
O. A. Iusova ◽  
P. N. Nikolaev ◽  
V. S. Vasiukevich ◽  
I. V. Safonova ◽  
N. I. Aniskov
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Adaptive Parameters ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Final Assessment ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
The Stability

Among spring grain crops, oats are one of the main crops in Siberia. Taking into account climatic factors and production demands, breeding for increased productivity and adaptability to local natural and climatic factors, resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses appears to be currently relevant. This is a key factor for a permanent increase in both yield and quality of agricultural products. The aim of the study is to determine the group of adaptive oat varieties by the content of crude fat in grain for introduction into production and inclusion in breeding programs. The studies were carried out in the conditions of the southern forest-steppe of the Omsk Region during 2013-2018. The indicator of the range of crude fat content according to V.A. Zykin (d), index of ecological plasticity according to D.I. Baranskiy (O), homeostaticity according to V.V. Khangildin (Hоm), an indicator of intensity according to R.A. Udachin (I), the relative stability of the trait N.A. Sobolev (St²), an indicator of the level of stability of the variety according to E.D. Nettevich (PUSS) were calculated. The final assessment of adaptability was based on the sum of the ranks. The minimum range of crude fat content was observed in varieties Irtysh 23 and Fakel (d = 1.87 and 2.97%). Cultivars Irtysh 23, Tarsky 2, Fakel, Sibirskiy Hercules and Sibirskiy golozerny differed in plasticity (O = 6.4–13.6) and homeostaticity (Hom = 0.82). The variety Irtysh 13 (Hom = 0.23) was also homeostatic. The stability of the trait according to N.A. Sobolev characterized all varieties (St² = 0.94–0.99), according to E.D. Nettevich – Irtysh 13, Irtysh 23, Pamyati Bogachkova and Fakel (PUSS = 193.4-305.5%). Having an assortment of estimated indicators of adaptive parameters, it is advisable to apply the ranking and conduct the final assessment according to the sum of the ranks received by each variety. The varieties Irtysh 23 and Fakel (∑ ranks = 23 and 25) and Sibirskiy Holozerny (∑ ranks = 26) are the most adaptive in terms of the content of crude fat in grain for the conditions of the southern forest-steppe of Western Siberia.

scholarly journals Influence of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) Agronomic Traits, Essential Oil and Components under Semi-Arid Climate

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1427
Author(s):  
Gulen Ozyazici
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Coriandrum Sativum ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Biological Yield

Environmental contamination and the excessive use of inorganic fertilizers resulting in stagnant yields of field crops which necessitate the utilization of combined fertilization approach under changing climatic conditions. Current study was aimed to clarify the influence of several fertilizer sources (chemical, organic, organomineral fertilizers) on yield and quality of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.). The results revealed that the fertilizer sources significantly affected the yield of coriander cultivars. The absence of “Year x Variety x Fertilizer Type” interactions for any of the noted parameters signaled that the detected “Variety x Fertilizer Type” interactions were constant regardless of the year factor. The recorded values of traits according to fertilizer sources different for the plant height from 61.85 to 69.67 cm, number of branches from 5.98 to 7.71 (piece/plant), number of umbels per the main umbel from 5.62 to 7.18 pieces, seed yield from 1.06 to 1.66 t/ha, the biological yield from 4.29 to 5.70 t ha−1, harvest index from 25.29 to 29.41%, essential oil ratio from 0.29 to 0.33%, and essential oil yield from 3.1 to 5.6 L ha−1. Erbaa variety was observed to be superior over the rest of the varieties producing the maximum values of 6.5 L ha−1 of essential oil, 0.36% essential oil content, 30.9% harvest index, 1.81 t/ha seed yield, and 5.9 t ha−1 biological yield with the treatment of chemical fertilizers.

scholarly journals Cold stress in the harvest period: effects on tobacco leaf quality and curing characteristics

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Li ◽  
Ke Ren ◽  
Mengyang Hu ◽  
Xian He ◽  
Kaiyuan Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Weather Forecast ◽  
Production Quality ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Leaf Quality ◽  
Tobacco Leaves ◽  
Tobacco Leaf ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme System

Abstract Background Weather change in high-altitude areas subjects mature tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) to cold stress, which damages tobacco leaf yield and quality. A brupt diurnal temperature differences (the daily temperature dropping more than 20 °C) along with rainfall in tobacco-growing areas at an altitude above 2450 m, caused cold stress to field-grown tobacco. Results After the flue-cured tobacco suffered cold stress in the field, the surface color of tobacco leaves changed and obvious large browning areas were appeared, and the curing availability was extremely poor. Further research found the quality of fresh tobacco leaves, the content of key chemical components, and the production quality were greatly reduced by cold stress. We hypothesize that cold stress in high altitude environments destroyed the antioxidant enzyme system of mature flue-cured tobacco. Therefore, the quality of fresh tobacco leaves, the content of key chemical components, and the production quality were greatly reduced by cold stress. Conclusion This study confirmed that cold stress in high-altitude tobacco areas was the main reason for the browning of tobacco leaves during the tobacco curing process. This adverse environment seriously damaged the quality of tobacco leaves, but can be mitigated by pay attention to the weather forecast and pick tobacco leaves in advance.

scholarly journals Yield and quality of strawberry cultivars

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Eduardo C Antunes ◽  
Nara Cristina Ristow ◽  
Ana Cristina R Krolow ◽  
Sílvia Carpenedo ◽  
Carlos Reisser Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Design ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Yield And Quality

The strawberry cultivation is an important economic activity in the Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, however the number of offered cultivars to the growers is reduced. The yield and quality of strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) cultivars Camarosa, Galexia, Earlibrite, Festival, Plarionfre and Sabrosa was evaluated under the climatic conditions of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State. We determined the number, mass, total soluble solids (TSS ºBrix), total titratable acidity (TTA), antocianin level and fresh fruits produced in an experimental unit. We also determined the production of fruits per hectare and per plant. The statistical design used in the experiment was of completely randomized blocks with 6 treatments (cultivars) and 4 replicates where the experimental unit was composed of 8 plants. The harvest began in the first half of August, extending to the second half of December, totalling 20 weeks. Plarionfre, Earlibrite and Festival cultivars showed higher production from the first half of October until the end of the first half of November. Camarosa reached higher productivity, mass of plants and fruit weight. There were no differences between the evaluated cultivars in the levels of TSS, antocianin, ATT and pH during the period of evaluation.

Effect of pre-utilisation and harvest time on the quantity and quality of fodder on extensive pastures

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bajnok ◽  
L. Szemán ◽  
J. Tasi
Keyword(s):  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Energy Concentration ◽  
List Type ◽  
Regeneration Period ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
June July

No significant studies have yet been reported in Central Europe on the yield and quality of winter harvest pastures. The aim of the research was to collect information about the effect of pre-utilisation (June, July and August) and winter harvest date (November, December, January) on the quantity and quality of fodder from Festuca arundinacea stands. The dry matter, energy, ADF, ADL and ergosterol contents of the yield were examined and it was found that: 1. A shorter regeneration period between harvests resulted in lower dry matter levels, but also in a higher energy concentration and lower ergosterol concentration. 2. The yield and energy concentrations decreased, whereas the ADF, ADL and ergosterol concentrations increased as the winter progressed. 3. Fodder harvested in November produced the best results in terms of yield quantity and quality. The highest yield and energy values were thus achieved by harvesting in November, regardless of pre-utilisation. Despite the cold and the long period of snow cover, the energy values of samples harvested in December and January showed no significant decrease. The weather conditions were more important for fodder quantity and quality than the frequency or date of harvesting. Thus, under the continental climatic conditions in Hungary, extensive utilisation, until late November or early December, is recommended.

scholarly journals Effect of different agronomical measures on yield and quality of autumn saved herbage during winter grazing – 2nd communication: Crude protein, energy and ergosterol concentration

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 271-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. OPITZ VON BOBERFELD ◽  
K. BANZHAF ◽  
F. HRABE ◽  
J. SKLADANKA ◽  
S. KOZLOWSKI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Central European ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Winter Grazing ◽  
Adequate Quantity

In addition to the results published in the first communication (Opitz von Boberfeld et al., 2006) this paper presents crude protein, energy (ME) and ergosterol concentrations of autumn saved herbage at different sites in Central Germany, Poland, Hungary and the Czech Republic. Within these sites, the influence of the factors pre-utilisation and winter harvest date was tested over three consecutive years. Related to the different climatic conditions of the sites, crude protein concentrations of the growths pre-utilised in July varied from 149 g/kg in November to 134 g/kg of dry matter (DM) in January. The influence of climatic conditions was different on each location and varied depending on the year. Generally, the consistent effect of the factor “site” related to altitude could not be observed. While the energy concentrations decreased with advancing winter and partly reached the values below 6 MJ ME/kg of DM in January, the ergosterol concentrations increased. The results demonstrate that under Central European conditions autumn saved herbage, pre-utilised in July, could provide adequate quantity and quality for suckler cows until December. Afterwards, the utilisation of preserved forages becomes essential.  

scholarly journals Influence of the Management on the Phytocoenotic Biodiversity of Some Romanian Representative Grassland Types

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Vasile VÂNTU ◽  
Costel SAMUIL ◽  
Ioan ROTAR ◽  
Alexandru MOISUC ◽  
Iosif RAZEC
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Agrostis Capillaris ◽  
Pastoral Area ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Grassland Ecosystems ◽  
Calamagrostis Epigeios

The pastoral area of Romania, covering of over 4.8 million ha, has been influenced, over the last decades, by natural and human factors, which affect the normal functioning of the grassland ecosystem. The aim of this paper is to point out the dynamics of phytocoenotic biodiversity, as a result of applying grassland technical measures, in order to improve the yield and quality of grassland ecosystems with minimum effects on the environment. Therefore, the main aim of our study is to establish a positive relationship between biodiversity and the optimum quantity of organic fertilizers, which would improve the quality and quantity of the yield, without diminishing the floristic biodiversity. In the case of the studied grasslands, the phytocenotic biodiversity is influenced by the type of fertilization, the used rates and by the soil and climatic conditions. These grasslands may be improved by manure fertilization and reasonable usage, if proper management is applied. In Gradinari, Caras-Severin county, the dominant species are Festuca rupicola and Calamagrostis epigeios, in Magurele, Brasov county, Agrostis capillaris, Festuca pratensis, Poa pratensis and Trifolium repens, and in Pojorata, Suceava county, Agrostis capillaris, Trisetum flavescens, Trifolium repens and T. pratense species. The highest number of identified species (43) has been recorded by the meadow made up of Agrostis capillaris and Festuca rubra, from Pojorata, Suceava county.

scholarly journals Use of Cultural Filtrates of Certain Microbial Isolates for Powdery Mildew Control in Squash

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaber Elkot ◽  
Aly Derbalah
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Bacillus Pumilus ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Culture Filtrates ◽  
Powdery Mildew Pathogen ◽  
Microbial Isolates

Use of Cultural Filtrates of Certain Microbial Isolates for Powdery Mildew Control in SquashPowdery mildew induces significant losses in yield and quality of squash. Therefore, culture filtrates of certain microbial isolates, (Epicoccum nigrum,Epicoccum minitans,Epicoccumsp.,Trichoderma harzianum,Trichoderma virideandBacillus pumilus) were used alone, and in combination with the fungicide penconazole to control powdery mildew in squash, under field conditions. Moreover, GC-MS analysis was carried out to identify the chemical components of the most effective culture filtrates against powdery mildew pathogen. The results showed that culture filtrates of different microbial isolates (except forTrichoderma harzianum) were more effective against powdery mildew in squash than the tested fungicide alone at the recommended levels, in both tested seasons. The results also showed that mixing different culture filtrates with penconazole improved efficiency against powdery mildew compared to using the fungicide alone, in both tested seasons. The efficacy of the culture filtrates of the tested microbial isolates against powdery mildew were due to the presence of a mixture of known antifungal compounds. The results suggest the possible use of the culture filtrates of the tested microbial isolates as alternative to fungicides, in powdery mildew control. Also, this study suggests the possible mixing of the culture filtrate of the tested biocontrol agents with fungicides to minimize the applied amount of fungicides.

scholarly journals The relationship of agroclimatic factors and the yield of potato varieties in the conditions of the near Moscow region

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (44) ◽  
pp. 21-21
Author(s):  
Alexander Saakian ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Starch Content ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Hydrothermal Coefficient ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

In 2005-2015. studied the effect of liquid organic fertilizer BIOOD-1 as foliar feeding on the yield and quality of various potato varieties in changing meteorological conditions. According to the results of the experiments, it was established that the most stable yields under various weather conditions were shown by the potatoes of the mid-season variety Bryansk delicacy. The low starch content of varieties Nevsky, Udacha was noted in years of high humidity, but with a lack of moisture, the starch content of these varieties increased in the background variant and in the experiment with organic fertilization. Keywords: CLIMATIC CONDITIONS, HYDROTHERMAL COEFFICIENT, MEAN SENIOR PRECIPITATION, POTATO, YIELD, STARCH, HUMIC FERTILIZERS

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