scholarly journals Tert-butylhydroquinone attenuates doxorubicin-induced dysregulation of testicular cytoprotective and steroidogenic genes, and improves spermatogenesis in rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Godwin Adakole Ujah ◽  
Victor Udo Nna ◽  
Joseph Bagi Suleiman ◽  
Chinedum Eleazu ◽  
Chukwuemeka Nwokocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Reproductive Hormones ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Related Proteins ◽  
Proliferating Cell ◽  
Cancerous Cells

AbstractDoxorubicin (DOX) is a broad-spectrum chemotherapeutic drug used in the treatment of cancers. It acts by generating reactive oxygen species in target cells. The actions are, however, not limited to cancerous cells as it attacks healthy cells, killing them. This study investigated the benefits of the antioxidant, tert-butylhydroquinone (tBHQ), on testicular toxicity following DOX therapy. Twenty-four adult male albino rats were assigned randomly into four groups (n = 6), namely: normal control (NC), tBHQ, DOX and tBHQ + DOX groups. tBHQ (50 mg/kg body weight in 1% DMSO) was administered orally for 14 consecutive days, while a single DOX dose (7 mg/kg body weight) was administered intraperitoneally on Day 8. DOX decreased sperm count, motility and viability, and decreased the levels of steroidogenesis-related proteins, and reproductive hormones. Furthermore, DOX decreased the expression of antioxidant cytoprotective genes, and decreased the protein level of proliferating cell nuclear antigen in the testis. Conversely, DOX increased the expression of pro-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic genes in the testis. These negative effects were ameliorated following the intervention with tBHQ. Our results suggest that tBHQ protects the testis and preserves both steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis in DOX-treated rats through the suppression of oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis.

Effects of Lycopene in Hyperoxia-Induced Lung Injury in Newborn Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 88 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 270-280
Author(s):  
Osman Bastug ◽  
Mehmet Fatih Sonmez ◽  
Mehmet Adnan Ozturk ◽  
Levent Korkmaz ◽  
Hakan Kesici ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Newborn Rats ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Rat Pups ◽  
Injury Model ◽  
Lung Injury Model ◽  
Proliferating Cell

Abstract. The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of lycopene on a hyperoxia-induced lung injury model in rat pups. Full-term rat pups were included in the study 12–24 h after delivery. The pups were separated into 4 groups: normoxia control (NC), hyperoxia control (HC), hyperoxia + lycopene (HL), and normoxia lycopene (NL). The normoxia groups were housed in ambient air, and the hyperoxia groups in > 85% O2. HL and NL groups received 50 mg lycopene in oil/kg body weight/day delivered intraperitoneally (i.p.), the other groups received oil alone. On day 11, the rat pups were sacrificed and their lungs removed. Statistically significant injury was observed in all histological parameters measured (MLI, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and apoptosis) in the HC group (HC vs NC, p = 0.001). This injury could not be reversed with lycopene treatment (HC vs HL, 0.05; NC vs HL, p = 0.001). With hyperoxia, statistically significant decreases were observed in biochemical parameters in terms of SOD, MDA, and IL-6 values (HC vs NC: SOD, p = 0.02; MDA, p = 0.043; IL-6, p = 0.001). The use of lycopene did not provide any improvement in these values (HC vs HL, p > 0.05). Hyperoxia or lycopene had no effect on IL-1β and GPx (p > 0.05). When comparing NC and NL groups, negative effects were observed in the group given lycopene in terms of MLI, PCNA, apoptosis, and IL-6 (all parameters, p = 0.001). We observed that 50 mg lycopene in oil/kg body weight/day given via i.p. had no curative effect on the hyperoxia-induced lung injury in newborn rats and may even induce adverse effects.

scholarly journals Spermatotoxic effects of selected traditional alcoholic beverages from North-Central Nigeria on adult male albino rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 014-022
Author(s):  
Olusayo Moritiwon ◽  
Timothy Olugbenga Ogundeko ◽  
David Oyebode ◽  
James Bitrus ◽  
Adikpe Emmanuel Edugbe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Count ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Normal Male ◽  
Sperm Cells ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
North Central ◽  
Caudal Portion

Challenges associated with habitual intake of alcohol including health, social, psychological and especially reproductive health needs urgent attention. This study aimed to determine the spermatotoxic effect of selected traditional alcoholic beverages in rats. A total of 30 normal male Spaque dawley strain albino rats weighing 180-220g, divided into 5 groups of 6 rats in each were administered with 10ml/kg p.o each of pito, goskolo and ogogoro, goskolo respectively and 0.5ml/kg normal saline for a period of 21 days. Sperm samples were harvested from the left caudal portion epididymis assayed for sperm motility, sperm morphology and sperm count after which histological examination was carried out on the testes. Results showed that active, sluggish and dead sperm cells were goskolo>pito>burukutu>control>ogogoro, ogogoro> burukutu> control>goskolo>pito and control>pito>ogogoro>burukutu>goskolo respectively. For morphology of sperm cells, it was goskolo>ogogoro>burukutu>control>pito (normal) and pito>control>burukutu> ogogoro> goskolo (abnormal). Also, that of sperm count was goskolo>ogogoro>pito>burukutu>control. Results further showed that ogogoro and goskolo caused significant negative effects on quantity and quality of sperm cells with alteration of histological parameters marked with altered secondary spermatogonia and spermatid. These effects were however mild with pito and burukutu. Traditional alcoholic beverages from North central Nigeria ‘pito’, 'burukutu', 'ogogoro', and goskolo' have negative on the quantity and quality of sperm cells with marked with infraction of spermatogonia of male albino rats. As a result of the spermatotoxic properties of these locally available and often ingested drinks by males predominantly in the reproductive age brackets will do well to avoid and or minimize its use as it leads to reprotoxicity.

Tumor Therapeutics via Highly Efficient miRNA Delivery to Human Nasopharyngeal Cancer Cells by Multifunctional Magnetic Nanoparticles

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-78
Author(s):  
Weimin Wu ◽  
Zhongwen Chen ◽  
Xia Li ◽  
Jianjun Wang ◽  
Lihong Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nasopharyngeal Cancer ◽  
Cell Counting ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Antitumor Effects ◽  
Efficient Delivery ◽  
Fcm Analysis ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Pei Nanoparticles ◽  
Proliferating Cell

Efficient delivery of miRNA to target cells remains a significant challenge in clinical applications. In this research, we constructed a multifunctional miRNA (miR) delivery system composed of miRexpressing plasmids mediated by Fe3O4-polyethyleneimine (PEI) nanoparticles (NPs). Fe3O4-PEImiR-expressing plasmid NPs targeting HIF-1 or Survivin gene were respectively constructed and transfected into human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) CNE-II cells. The stability of Fe3O4 PEI-miR NPs was experimentally confirmed by serum protection assay. The antitumor effects of Fe3O4-PEI-miR NPs on CNE-II cells proliferation, apoptosis, and radiosensitivity were studied by employing the Cell Counting Kit (CCK-8) experiment, flow cytometry (FCM) analysis and radiosensitivity test. The antitumor efficiency of Fe3O4-PEI-miR NPs was investigated by qRT-PCR and Western blot. The Fe3O4-PEI-miR-expressing plasmid NPs were shown to be successfully established with favorable stability, enhanced biocompatibility and lower cytotoxicity, compared with Lipofectamine 2000. In addition, down-regulation of HIF-1 or Survivin was validated to improve antitumor effects and radiosensitivity of NPC cells through proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Transfection of miR-HIF-1 /Survivin by Fe3O4-PEI NPs to CNE-II cells effectively inhibited NPC cell proliferation, induced cell apoptosis, and increased radiosensitivity. Fe3O4-PEI NPs were shown to be ideal gene carriers capable of novel gene therapy for treating human NPC.

Effect of two Forms of Granulocyte-Colony-Stimulating Factor on Hepatic Regeneration after 70% Partial Hepatectomy in Rats

1997 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stamatios E. Theocharis ◽  
Emmanuel B. Agapitos ◽  
Alexandra P. Margeli ◽  
Nicolaos D. Goutas ◽  
Christos N. Kittas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Partial Hepatectomy ◽  
Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Kinase Activity ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Hepatic Regeneration ◽  
Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Proliferating Cell ◽  
Stimulating Factor

1. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the commercially available forms of granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor exert the same beneficial effect on hepatic regeneration after 70% partial hepatectomy in rats. Adult male Wistar rats received either the two commercially available forms of granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (Filgrastim or Lenograstim), or saline, simultaneously with partial hepatectomy. Hepatic regeneration was documented by determining [3H] thymidine incorporation into hepatic DNA, liver thymidine kinase activity, mitotic index and proliferating cell nuclear antigen immunostaining, at various time points after partial hepatectomy. 2. DNA biosynthesis, liver thymidine kinase activity and mitotic index of hepatocytes were not only enhanced (P < 0.001) in rats that received 150 μg of Filgrastim or Lenograstim/kg of body weight, but occurred earlier than in saline-treated partially hepatectomized rats. The administration of both forms of granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor, at the dose of 15 μg/kg of body weight, did not affect liver proliferative capacity, compared with observations in simply partially hepatectomized rats. High mitotic and proliferating cell nuclear antigen indices appeared earlier than those estimated in simply partially hepatectomized rats, when 150 μg of Filgrastim or Lenograstim/kg of body weight were administered. 3. These findings suggest that both pharmacologically available forms of granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor at a dose of 150 μg/kg of body weight are able to augment liver regenerative capacity, to the same extent, in this animal model of controlled hepatie proliferation.

scholarly journals Immunohistochemical Study of the Ameliorative Effect of Vitamin E on Liver Regeneration after Different Periods of Partial Hepatectomy

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 661-669
Author(s):  
Mervat M. Halawani ◽  
Gamal S. Abdul Aziz ◽  
Hanan A. Amin ◽  
Hesham N. Mustafa ◽  
Amira A. Elhaggagy
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Liver Regeneration ◽  
Partial Hepatectomy ◽  
Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Ameliorative Effect ◽  
Proliferating Cell ◽  
Control Sham

The liver is almost unique in its capacity for regeneration after hepatectomy but the exact mechanisms are not yet fully clarified. Antioxidants have been shown to promote liver regeneration after major hepatectomy. The present study evaluated the ameliorative effect of vitamin E administration on the liver regeneration after different periods of partial hepatectomy (PH) in rats. Fifty-six adult male albino rats were divided into three groups: Control sham operated group; partially hepatectomized group which were divided into three subgroups sacrificed at 1day, 3 days and 7days after the operation respectively; Partially Hepatectomized group with vitamin E pretreatment before PH where the rats were given a daily oral dose of vitamin E until the time of sacrifice of the rats. Immunohistochemical detection of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and labeling index were demonstrated. After PH, the PCNA positive hepatocytes and the PCNA labeling indices were significantly high after the 1st day and then much decreased after the 3rd day, to be followed by a slight increase at the 7th day. Vitamin E pretreatment in PH rats resulted in a decrease in PCNA positive cells and its labeling indices in the 1st day with a gradual increase in the 3rd and 7th days. Vitamin E has an inhibitory effect in the first 24 hours on liver regeneration followed by stimulatory effect at the third and seventh days after PH. These data indicated that vitamin E pretreatment has an important role in regulation and enhancement of liver regeneration after PH.

scholarly journals Variation in Body Weight, Lipid Profile and Selected Reproduction Hormones in Rats Given Psidium guajava Leaves from Crude Oil Polluted and Non-Crude Oil Polluted Areas

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Grace Ekpo ◽  
Adindu Eze ◽  
Amadi Benjamin ◽  
Odey Michael ◽  
Ogar Ishade Sunday ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Reproductive Hormones ◽  
Polluted Area ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Leaf Sample ◽  
Increased Risk

Variation in body weight, lipid profile and selected reproduction hormones in rats given Psidium guajava leaf samples from crude oil polluted and non-crude oil polluted areas was evaluated.  Thirty-six albino rats of Wistar strain weighing between 90-120 g were divided into three major groups of I-III, with each group having two subgroups designated “a” and “b”. Each of the subgroup housed six rats and they were given different concentrations of the compounded feed of the leaf samples. Rat groups placed on P. guajava leaf sample from non-crude oil polluted area had significantly (p<0.05) increased weight when compared to rat groups placed on P. guajava leaf sample from crude oil polluted area. Triglyceride, cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) increased significantly (p<0.05) in rat groups placed on P. guajava leaf sample from crude oil polluted area against rat groups placed on P. guajava leaf sample from non-crude oil polluted area. Atherogenic indices of rat groups placed on P. guajava leaf sample from crude oil polluted area showed increased risk to cardiovascular diseases when compared to rat groups placed on P. guajava leaf sample from non-crude oil polluted area. The evaluated reproductive hormones increased significantly (p<0.05) in rats placed on P. guajava leaf sample from crude oil polluted area against those groups placed on P. guajava leaf sample from non-crude oil polluted area. The constituents of P. guajava leaf sample from crude oil polluted area could be behind the observed risk while the increase in hormones could be linked to increased cholesterol in rats groups placed on the leaf sample from crude oil polluted area. There is to sensitise those in the act of herbalism to be aware of where they harvest the plants they use as raw materials. This study has shown the variation in body weight, lipid profile and selected reproduction hormones in rats given P. guajava leaves from crude oil polluted and non-crude oil polluted areas.

scholarly journals Effect of Smokeless Tobacco Product, Afzal, on the Reproductive Hormones and Gonadal Pathology of Wistar Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Nawal Al-Mukhaini ◽  
Taher Ba Omar ◽  
Elsadig Eltayeb ◽  
Aisha Al Khayat Al-Shehi ◽  
Jamila Al-Belushi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Tobacco Product ◽  
Reproductive Hormones ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco Product

Afzal is a common smokeless tobacco product (STP) in Oman, and it is believed to contain toxins that may affect the reproductive hormones and hence reproductive function. This study assessed the effect of  Afzal  on the gonads of Wistar rats.  In order to assess gonad toxicity induced by this STP, an aqueous extract of Afzal was added to drinking water to be administrated orally to Wistar albino rats (n = 72) classified as young (4 weeks old) and adult (20 weeks old) of both genders weighing between 60-80 g and 150-240 g respectively for 8 weeks. The rats were divided into 3 groups; control (received distilled water instead of Afzal extract), low-dose (received 3 mg nicotine/kg body weight/day) and high-dose (received 6 mg nicotine/kg body weight/day). At the termination of the study, the rats were euthanized and their blood samples and ovaries were collected for biochemical and histopathological investigations. Testosterone and estradiol hormones showed a significant decrease (P<0.05( in Afzal-treated groups (low and high doses) compared with the control. Histopathological findings revealed the damaging effects manifested as a reduction in the number of the germ cells with deformed organization and in fatty and fibrous degenerations in testes and ovaries. Afzal was found to have adverse effect on the reproductive hormones and gonadal pathology in Wistar rats of both genders, and hence users of Afzal need to consider the risk associated with its frequent use.

scholarly journals Effects ofAngelicaExtract on Schwann Cell Proliferation and Expressions of Related Proteins

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaowen Jiang ◽  
Lin Liu ◽  
Binqing Zhang ◽  
Ziyin Lu ◽  
Lu Qiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Schwann Cell ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Cell Cycles ◽  
Neural Cell Adhesion ◽  
Related Proteins ◽  
Proliferating Cell

The present study investigated the effects ofAngelicaextract (AE) on Schwann cell proliferation and expressions of related proteins, including brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Proliferation activity and cell cycles of SCs were evaluated by MTT assay and flow cytometry methods, respectively, after 12 h treatment of AE at different concentrations (62.5, 125, 250, 1000, 2000, 4000, and 8000 mg/L). SCs were treated by 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/L AE for 24 h or 48 h; the related genes mRNA and proteins expressions in SCs were detected by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. At the concentration range of 125–2000 mg/L, the SC proliferation was induced by AE in a dose-dependent manner, especially 1000 and 2000 mg/L; cells in drug-treated groups showed the most increase.Cells counts were ascended significantly in (G2/M + S) phase compared to control group. BDNF, NCAM, and PCNA protein expressions significantly increased at drug-treated groups. Relative genes mRNA expressions levels were also significantly higher compared to control group. The results indicated that AE facilitated SC proliferation and related genes and proteins expressions, which provided a basic guideline for nerve injury repair in clinic.

Rosmarinic acid reverses the effects of metronidazole-induced infertility in male albino rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 1910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zina M. Al-Alami ◽  
Ziad A. Shraideh ◽  
Mutasem O. Taha
Keyword(s):  
Rosmarinic Acid ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
Cauda Epididymidis ◽  
Sexually Mature ◽  
Harmful Effects

Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a natural antioxidant that has many biological activities. In the present study we investigated the potential of RA to reverse the negative effects of the widely used antibiotic and antiprotozoal agent metronidazole (MTZ), which is known to induce reversible male infertility. Two doses of RA (5 and 15 mg kg–1) were studied in sexually mature rats with and without MTZ-induced infertility. Rats were intraperitoneally injected with 5 mg kg–1 RA or 15 mg kg–1 RA (in distilled water) and, 45 min later, they were intraperitoneally injected with 40 mg kg–1 MTZ (in distilled water). Cauda epididymidal sperm suspensions were used to assess sperm count, motility and morphology. Histological and ultrastructural studies were performed on the testes and cauda epididymidis. In rats in which infertility was not induced, neither dose of RA affected the parameters assessed. However, in sexually mature rats in which infertility was induced by 40 mg kg–1 MTZ, RA at both 5 and 15 mg kg–1 ameliorated the damaging effects of MTZ on final bodyweight (30 days later), sperm motility and morphology. Only 5 mg kg–1 RA, and not 15 mg kg–1 RA, improved the harmful effects of MTZ on the sperm count and testis ultrastructure. The findings of the present study have considerable clinical implications and suggest a possible use for RA to reverse the negative effects of MTZ on male fertility, the male reproductive system and spermatogenesis.

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