Systemic inflammation is linked to low arginine and high ADMA plasma levels resulting in an unfavourable NOS substrate-to-inhibitor ratio: the Hoorn Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 121 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard P. van der Zwan ◽  
Peter G. Scheffer ◽  
Jacqueline M. Dekker ◽  
Coen D. A. Stehouwer ◽  
Robert J. Heine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Model ◽  
Oxidized Ldl ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Substrate Inhibitor ◽  
Adjusted Model ◽  
The Relationship

Inflammation is associated with a reduced availability of NO in the vasculature. We investigated the possible involvement of altered levels of the substrate (arginine) and the inhibitor [ADMA (asymmetric ω-NG,NG-dimethylarginine)] of NOS (NO synthase). Plasma concentrations of arginine and ADMA, the inflammatory markers CRP (C-reactive protein) and MPO (myeloperoxidase), and oxLDL [oxidized LDL (low-density lipoprotein)] were measured in 369 male and 377 female participants (aged 50–87 years) of a population-based cohort study. The arginine/ADMA ratio decreased significantly across increasing tertiles of CRP and MPO. These negative associations remained significant in a linear regression model with both MPO (P=0.002) and CRP (P<0.001) as independent variables and adjusted for age, sex and cardiovascular risk factors. In a fully adjusted regression model, MPO was positively associated with ADMA {5.4 [95% CI (confidence interval), 1.3–9.4] nmol/l change of ADMA per S.D. increase in MPO; P=0.010}, whereas CRP was not (P=0.36). Conversely, in a fully adjusted model, CRP was negatively associated with arginine [−2.8 (95% CI, −4.0 to −1.6) μmol/l arginine per S.D. of CRP; P<0.001], without a significant contribution of MPO (P=0.23). The relationship between MPO and ADMA became stronger with increasing levels of oxLDL (1.8, 5.2 and 8.7 nmol/l ADMA per S.D. of MPO for increasing tertiles of oxLDL), consistent with the ability of MPO to amplify oxidative stress. In contrast, the relationship between CRP and arginine was not modified by levels of oxLDL. In conclusion, an unfavourable NOS substrate/inhibitor ratio may contribute to the reduced NO bioavailability associated with inflammation.

scholarly journals The relationship of the serum endocan level with the CHA2DS2-VASc score in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gökhan Ceyhun
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background In this study considering the relationship between serum endocan and CHA2DS2-VASc score, we assumed that endocan level could be a new biomarker for stroke risk in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF). It was examined that endocan could be an alternative to determine the risk of stroke and anticoagulation strategy in patients with PAF. The CHA2DS2-VASc scores were calculated for 192 patients with PAF, and their serum endocan levels were measured. The patients were divided into two groups as those with low to moderate (0-1) and those with high (≥ 2) CHA2DS2-VASc scores, and the endocan levels were compared between these two groups. Results The serum endocan level was significantly higher in the high CHA2DS2-VASc score group (p < 0.001). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, endocan, C-reactive protein, and low-density lipoprotein were found to be independent determinants of the CHA2DS2-VASc score. The predictive value of endocan was analyzed using the ROC curve analysis, which revealed that endocan predicted a high stroke risk (CHA2DS2-VASc ≥ 2) at 82.5% sensitivity and 71.2% specificity at the cutoff value of 1.342. Conclusion This study indicates that endocan is significantly associated with CHA2DS2-VASc score. We demonstrated that endocan could be a new biomarker for the prediction of a high stroke risk among patients diagnosed with PAF.

scholarly journals Intra-individual variation of plasma trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), betaine and choline over 1 year

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tilman Kühn ◽  
Sabine Rohrmann ◽  
Disorn Sookthai ◽  
Theron Johnson ◽  
Verena Katzke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Variation ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Age Range

AbstractBackground:Circulating trimethylamine-Methods:We measured fasting plasma levels of TMAO and two of its precursors, betaine and choline by LC-MS, in two samples of 100 participants of the European Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Heidelberg study (age range: 47–80 years, 50% female) that were collected 1 year apart, and assessed their intra-individual variation by Spearman’s correlation coefficients (ρ).Results:Correlations of metabolite concentrations over 1 year were at ρ=0.29 (p=0.003) for TMAO, ρ=0.81 (p<0.001) for betaine, and ρ=0.61 (p<0.001) for choline. Plasma levels of TMAO were not significantly associated with food intake, lifestyle factors, or routine biochemistry parameters such as C-reactive protein (CRP), low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, or creatinine.Conclusions:In contrast to fasting plasma concentrations of betaine and choline, concentrations of TMAO were more strongly affected by intra-individual variation over 1 year in adults from the general population. The modest correlation of TMAO levels over time should be considered when interpreting associations between TMAO levels and disease endpoints.

scholarly journals Markers of Increased Cardiovascular Risk in Postmenopausal Women: Focus on Oxidized-LDL and HDL Subpopulations

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 85-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filipa Mascarenhas-Melo ◽  
José Sereno ◽  
Edite Teixeira-Lemos ◽  
Sandra Ribeiro ◽  
Petronila Rocha-Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Oxidized Ldl ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Paraoxonase 1 ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha

Objective. To evaluate the effect of gender and menopause in cardiovascular risk (CVR) in a healthy population based on both classical and nontraditional markers.Methods. 56 men and 68 women (48 pre- and 20 postmenopause) were enrolled in the study. The following markers were analyzed: blood pressure (BP), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), glucose, total cholesterol (total-c), triglycerides (TGs), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), oxidized-LDL (Ox-LDL), HDL-c and subpopulations, paraoxonase-1 activity, hsCRP, uric acid, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), adiponectin, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and intercellular adhesion molecular 1 (ICAM1).Results.Relative to the women, men present significantly increased BMI, WC, BP, glucose, total-c, TGs, LDL-c, Ox-LDL, uric acid, and TNF-αand reduced adiponectin and total and large HDL-c. The protective profile of women is lost after menopause with a significantly increased BMI, WC, BP, glucose, LDL-c, Ox-LDL, hsCRP, and VEGF and decreased total and large HDL-c. Significant correlations were found in women population and in postmenopausal women between Ox-LDL and total, large, and small HDL-c and between TNF-αand total, large, and small HDL-c, LDL-c, and Ox-LDL.Conclusions. Men present higher CVR than women who lost protection after menopause, evidenced by nontraditional markers, including Ox-LDL and HDL subpopulations.

Vascular responses and ion exchange in diabetes

1992 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-339
Author(s):  
E. N. Wardle
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Level ◽  
Oxidized Ldl ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipid Peroxides ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Apparent Relationship ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Relationship

The use of erythrocyte Na+/Li+ countertransport as a gold standard, as in the article by Halkin et al. (Clin. Sci. 1991; 81, 223–32) [1], should give rise to disquiet because it has been known for a long time that this parameter is influenced by low-density lipoprotein (LDL), by cholesterol and by saturated fatty acids. Recently, it has been clarified that LDL increases the Vmax of this flux [2]. One has to agree that it is interesting that there is an inverse relationship between the ability to dilate blood vessels and Na+/Li+ exchange in the diabetic patient, but actually the basis for this apparent relationship is already known and it is not quite as direct as the authors might wish to imply. It is not native LDL but oxidized LDL [3] that stops the formation of endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) [4], reduces prostacyclin production and even enhances ‘tissue factor' formation by endothelial cells [5]. In fact, the reduced production of EDRF by diabetic patients that is pertinent to atherogenesis can be correlated with a raised plasma level of cholesterol [6] and also with the plasma level of lipid peroxides [7]. In that case there is some basic information missing concerning the effects of lipid peroxides on Na+/Li+ fluxes in erythrocytes. When this is known, it might well explain why this parameter seems to relate to hypertension and/or nephropathy in diabetic patients. Meantime, in a study of this kind [1] we should have been told which of the subjects were smokers, especially as there were two outstanding points on each graph that formed the relationship.

scholarly journals Distribution of C-reactive Protein and Its Association with Cardiovascular Risk Factors in a Population-Based Sample of Chinese

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 333-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanfang Zhao ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
Xiuqiang Ma ◽  
Xiaoyan Yan ◽  
Zhansai Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Urban Region ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein

C-reactive protein (CRP) levels vary remarkably with ethnic status. Its distribution and correlates should be investigated across diverse populations, and these were limited in a representative Chinese population. We investigated 3133 participants aged 18–80 years in Shanghai, which were sampled using a randomized, stratified, multi-stage sampling method. The distribution of CRP was highly skewed toward a lower level. The median CRP was 0.55 mg/L (0.61 mg/L in males, 0.51 mg/L in females). Participants living in urban region had higher CRP levels than those in rural region (0.67 vs. 0.46 mg/L). CRP levels showed significant correlation with traditional cardiovascular risk factors, and it was most strongly correlated with body mass index. Multivariate logistic regression analyses indicated that elevated CRP (being in the top 15 percentile of CRP; CRP ≥ 2.09 mg/L) was significantly associated with obesity, hypertension, diabetes, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high triglycerides and cardiovascular disease history. In conclusion, the distribution of CRP in adult Chinese was comparable with that of many other Asian populations but different from that of Western populations. Metabolic impairment was associated with elevated CRP, and CRP levels should be interpreted in conjunction with the lipid profile.

scholarly journals Levels of Oxidized LDL, Estrogens, and Progesterone in Placenta Tissues and Serum Paraoxonase Activity in Preeclampsia

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Şerefden Açıkgöz ◽  
Ülkü Özmen Bayar ◽  
Murat Can ◽  
Berrak Güven ◽  
Görkem Mungan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Oxidized Ldl ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Trophoblast Invasion ◽  
Pon1 Activity ◽  
Serum Paraoxonase ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Serum Pon1 Activity

In vitro literature studies have suggested that atherosclerotic oxidized low density lipoprotein (OxLDL) inhibits trophoblast invasion. The objective of this study was to determine the levels of OxLDL and to examine the relationship between antioxidative estradiol, estriol, and prooxidative progestin in normal and preeclamptic placental tissues and measure the serum activity of antioxidative paraoxonase (PON1). The study included 30 preeclamptic and 32 normal pregnant women. OxLDL was determined with ELISA, estradiol, unconjugated estriol, and progesterone that were determined with chemiluminescence method in placental tissues. Serum PON1 activity was determined with spectrophotometric method. Levels of OxLDL (), estriol (), estradiol (), and progesterone () were lower in the placental tissues of preeclamptic group compared to the normal pregnant women. Serum PON1 activity was higher in preeclamptic group () and preeclamptic group without intrauterine growth restriction () compared to normal pregnant women. Tissue estriol of preeclamptic group without/with IUGR (, ) was lower than the normal group. Results of our study suggest that the events leading to fetoplacental insufficiency lead to a reduction in the levels of estriol limit deposition of OxLDL in placental tissues. The serum PON1 activity is probably important in the inhibition of OxLDL in preeclampsia.

scholarly journals Glycaemic index and glycaemic load in relation to blood lipids – 6 years of follow-up in adult Danish men and women

2006 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 737-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Lene Oxlund ◽  
Berit Lilienthal Heitmann
Keyword(s):  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Glycaemic Index ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Glycaemic Load ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractBackgroundCross-sectional studies have suggested an association between glycaemic index (GI) or glycaemic load (GL) and serum lipids. However, no prospective studies have been performed.ObjectiveTo examine whether GI or GL was associated with subsequent changes in serum lipids.DesignProspective study with 6 years of follow-up. Overall dietary GI and GL of each participant were assessed from diet history interviews.SettingPopulation-based study.SubjectsThree hundred and thirty-five healthy men and women aged 35–65 years selected randomly from a larger sample of Danish adults.ResultsIn men GI was directly related to changes in total cholesterol (ΔTC), regression coefficient (β) = 0.0044 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.0008–0.0081) and GL was positively related to changes in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (ΔLDL),β= 0.1554 (95% CI: 0.0127–0.2982). Furthermore, the relationship between GL and ΔTC was modified by age, being particularly strong for the younger men (P= 0.02). In women the relationship between GI and ΔLDL was modified by age and was stronger for younger rather than older women (P= 0.01). A tendency for a similar interaction was seen for GI and ΔTC (P= 0.09). Associations between GL and ΔLDL and GL and ΔTC were inverse for women with body mass index ≥ 30 kg m−2(P= 0.03 and 0.04, respectively).ConclusionsThis is the first study to demonstrate that dietary GI and GL are related to 6-year changes in serum lipid levels. However, associations were weak and generally confined to subgroups.

scholarly journals Associations Between Anti-Mullerian Hormone and Cardiometabolic Health in Reproductive Age Women Are Explained by Body Mass Index

2019 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. e555-e563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie S Rios ◽  
Eleni A Greenwood ◽  
Mary Ellen G Pavone ◽  
Marcelle I Cedars ◽  
Richard S Legro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Total P

Abstract Context The relationship between reproductive and cardiometabolic aging is unclear. It is unknown if the relationship differs across different clinical populations. Objective To determine whether markers of ovarian reserve are associated with cardiometabolic risk in reproductive aged women with unexplained infertility (UI), polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and regularly cycling women (OVA). Design and setting Cross-sectional data from 8 US-based academic centers. Participants Women aged 25–40 from 3 clinical populations: 870 with UI, 640 with PCOS, and 921 community-based OVA. Main Outcome Measures Multivariable linear regression models were used to relate anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) and antral follicle count with cardiometabolic parameters including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), fasting glucose and insulin, homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), lipids, and C-reactive protein. Results In age and study site-adjusted models, AMH inversely related to BMI in the UI and OVA groups (P = 0.02 and P &lt; 0.001). Among women with PCOS, AMH inversely related to BMI (P &lt; 0.001), and also to WC (P &lt; 0.001), fasting insulin (P &lt; 0.01), HOMA-IR (P &lt; 0.01), triglycerides (P = 0.04), and C-reactive protein (P &lt; 0.001) and directly related to higher total (P = 0.02), low-density lipoprotein (P &lt; 0.01), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P &lt; 0.01). In OVA, AMH also varied inversely with WC (P &lt; 0.001), fasting insulin (P = 0.02), and HOMA-IR (P = 0.02). Adjustment for BMI eliminated associations in the OVA group but in PCOS, the relationship of AMH to total (P = 0.03) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P = 0.003) remained. Conclusion Associations observed between AMH and cardiometabolic indices are largely explained by BMI in women with and without PCOS. (J Clin Endocrinol Metab XX: 0-0, 2019)

scholarly journals Association Between Different Lipid Ratios and Diabetes in Chinese Adults With H-type Hypertension

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
yu tao ◽  
Yu Yu ◽  
Huihui Bao ◽  
Xiaoshu Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Smooth Curve ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Lipid Ratios ◽  
Adjusted Model ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Previous studies have shown that lipid ratios [total cholesterol (TC)/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), atherogenic index of plasma (AIP, lg [triglyceride (TG)/HDL-C]), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)/HDLC, non-HDL-C/HDL-C] were associated with the risk of diabetes in non-hypertension population. However, the relationship between different lipid ratios and diabetes is unclear in the H-type hypertension population. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between lipid ratios and diabetes in Chinese adults with H- type hypertension.Methods: The current study included 13,581 H-type hypertension participants from the China hypertension registry study. Logistic regression analysis and smooth curve fitting were used to assess the association between different lipid ratios and diabetes.Results: Prevalence of diabetes was 17.8%. All lipid ratios (TC/HDL-C, AIP, LDL-C/HDL-C, and non-HDL-C/HDL-C) were positively and independently associated with diabetes. In the fully adjusted model, AIP manifested the largest ORs of diabetes (OR:2.84, 95%CI:2.37-3.41). However, the fully adjusted ORs (95%CI) of TC/HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C and non-HDL-C/HDL-C ratio was only 1.34 (1.27, 1.43), 1.40 (1.29, 1.51), 1.42 (1.35, 1.50), respectively. Comparing the area under receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC), we found that AIP had the stronger ability to identify diabetes.Conclusions: all lipid ratios (TC/HDL-C, AIP, LDL-C/HDL-C, and non-HDL-C/HDL-C) were independently and positively correlated with the risk of diabetes in the Chinese population with H-type hypertension. Compared with other lipid ratios (TC/HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C, and non-HDL-C/HDL-C), AIP was superior in discriminating diabetes.

scholarly journals The Roles of Lipoprotein in Psoriasis

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 859 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Ming Shih ◽  
Chang-Cyuan Chen ◽  
Chen-Kuo Chu ◽  
Kuo-Hsien Wang ◽  
Chun-Yao Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Oxidized Ldl ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Adjusted Relative Risk ◽  
The Relationship

The association between psoriasis and cardiovascular disease risk has been supported by recent epidemiological data. Patients with psoriasis have an increased adjusted relative risk for myocardial infarction. As such, the cardiovascular risk conferred by severe psoriasis may be comparable to what is seen with other well-established risk factors, such as diabetes mellitus. Previous studies demonstrated that low-density lipoprotein (LDL) plays critical roles during atherogenesis. It may be caused by the accumulation of macrophages and lipoprotein in the vessel wall. Oxidized LDL (ox-LDL) stimulates the expression of adhesion molecules, such as ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, on endothelial cells and increases the attachment of mononuclear cells and the endothelium. Even though previous evidence demonstrated that psoriasis patients have tortuous and dilated blood vessels in the dermis, which results in the leakage of ox-LDL, the leaked ox-LDL may increase the expression of adhesion molecules and cytokines, and disturb the static balance of osmosis. Therefore, exploration of the relationship between hyperlipidemia and psoriasis may be another novel treatment option for psoriasis and may represent the most promising strategy.

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