scholarly journals Morphofunctional features and physical fitness of boys 6 - 9 years old under the influence of various physical activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 00014
Author(s):  
Tamara Abramova ◽  
Tatyana Nikitina ◽  
Anastasia Polfuntikova ◽  
Kristina Oblog ◽  
Faina Iordanskaya
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Start Date ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Sports Activities

The aim of this research was to investigate morphofunctional features and physical fitness of boys 6 - 9 years old under the influence of various physical activity. The research performed in 2020 comprised 246 boys of 6 - 9 years old with different physical activity (121 children who are not involved in sports; 79 martial artists and 46 gymnasts with experience of 8 months and 4 years old). It was found that systematic sports activities of 6 - 9 years old boys have a positive effect on physical fitness and optimize morphofunctional indicators of physical development. The effect of the sport on the physical development and fitness of the boys depends on the start date and time of training sessions: a higher level of young gymnasts physical fitness is accompanied by a more intense adaptation of the cardiovascular system relative to martial artists. Differences in morphofunctional state and physical fitness between boys who are not involved in sports and young athletes are least significant in 6 year old boys, intensifying as growing up and increasing sport experience. It is more typical for gymnasts.

Study of some parameters of electrocardiography of skiers-riders

2021 ◽  
pp. 68-75
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Saykin ◽  
Valery N. Yakovlev
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
The Body ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Functional Diagnosis ◽  
Electrocardiographic Examination ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One ◽  
Very High

Very high results, the achievement of which is possible only with long systematic train-ing with the use of large and sometimes excessive physical activity characterizes modern sports. The preparation process from beginner to master of sports takes an average of 5–10 years. During this time, the athlete must develop and improve special physical and mental qualities, as well as master certain motor skills specific to this sport. Therefore, children's and youth's organisms of athletes are subject to increased loads, especially in classes that develop endurance. But not always physical activity contributes to the strengthening of the body, sometimes excessive loads, especially with the wrong approach, lead to complications from the cardiovascular system, in particular, to changes in heart rate. Therefore, the issue of adapting the functions of the heart of young athletes to muscle loads becomes increasingly important. The purpose of the work was to study the activities of the cardiovascular system of skiers-riders in the preparatory period of the one-year cycle. Currently, various methods of functional diagnosis of the cardiovascular system are used. We considered the results obtained during electrocardiographic examination of skiers-riders. We investigated electrical activity of the heart and presented model characteristics according to the considered indicators.

scholarly journals HEALTH MONITORING OF STUDENTS OF THE III FUNCTIONAL GROUP FOR CONTROLLING AND DESIGNING EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT (PHYSICAL EDUCATION) IN A NON-SPORT UNIVERSITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 78-91
Author(s):  
V Lebedinsky ◽  
O Kuzmina ◽  
M Kudryavtsev ◽  
V Gruzenkin ◽  
T Arutunian
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
General Education ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
First Year ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Full Time ◽  
The Third ◽  
Vacation Period

Aim. The purpose of the article is to study the physical development and physical fitness of students of the III functional group under lack of physical activity and in the conditions of organized classes in a technical university. Materials and methods. The sample included 11 490 full time students (6051 males and 5439 females) aged 17–21 years. The study of physical deve­lopment and physical fitness was conducted in two stages. In all participants, anthropometric and physiometric health data were recorded. These data were studied in dynamics from the 1st to the 4th year. The obtained data were examined stage-by-stage during the academic year and vacation period. Results. Significant differences were obtained in the physical development of girls in terms of weight and height by the end of the third year. The values of the Stange and Gench tests improved by the end of the first year. However, by the end of the second year, the negative dynamics was detected. The results of the Genchtest significantly improved by the end of the fourth year. The study of physical fitness revealed significant positive dynamic in the development of speed and a significant decrease in strength preparedness by the end of the fourth year. By the end of the first year, strength endurance became significantly higher compared with the data obtained at the time of the beginning of training. By the end of the third year endurance decreased significantly. Conclusion. Young people who regularly engage in physical activity during the first two years at the university have a positive trend in most indicators of physical development and physical fitness. Lack of motor activity, caused by a decrease in the number of classes provided for by the general education program, significantly affects endurance, speed, the development of strength (static endurance of the muscles of the shoulder girdle and dynamic strength of the muscles of the lower extremities), speed and strength qualities (6th and 8th semesters), flexibility.

Physical Activity in Women with Breast Cancer and Those After Mastectomy

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-107
Author(s):  
Patrycja Gierszon ◽  
Agata Stachura ◽  
Magdalena Paziewska ◽  
Marzena Samardakiewicz ◽  
Marzena Furtak-Niczyporuk
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Professional Literature ◽  
Mammary Gland Cancer ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

Mammary gland cancer, commonly known as breast cancer, is the most common malignancy in women in Poland. The occurrence of the disease and its treatment are associated with a decrease in physical fitness and endurance of the body, and also make it difficult to meet basic life needs and result in a deterioration in the quality of life. The aim of the study is to present physical activity in women with breast cancer and after mastectomy. Analysis of professional literature and available research results in patients undergoing oncological therapy in the treatment of breast cancer indicates the need for them to undertake physical activity and physiotherapy in order to minimize the effects of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and mastectomy. Analysis of studies in terms of the impact of physical activity on the rehabilitation and recovery of patients with breast cancer showed a significant impact of physical fitness on bone mineral density as the most important factor in the development and maintenance of normal bone metabolism. Physical exercises have also been shown to have a positive effect on patients during and after treatment. Regular physical exercise in women treated for cancer is essential and has a significant impact on reducing muscle deficits and the entire skeletal system.

Development of motor abilities in girls with scoliosis of 1-2 degrees by means of recreational aerobics and therapeutic physical culture

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Podlubnaya ◽  
V.F. Balashova
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
Physical Culture ◽  
School Age ◽  
Education Development ◽  
Motor Abilities ◽  
Primary School Age ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Number Of Authors

In the specialized literature, you can find data from a number of authors indicating that children with scoliosis have a lag in the level of physical development and physical fitness. The article presents the results of a study indicating the positive effect of recreational aerobics and therapeutic physical culture on the development of motor abilities in primary school-age girls with 1-2-degree scoliosis. Key words: health, posture, scoliosis, aerobics, therapeutic physical education, development.

scholarly journals The correlation of blood pressure changes and cardiac morpho- functional restructuring in young athletes

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-70
Author(s):  
L. A. Balykova ◽  
A. S. Glotov ◽  
S. A. Ivyansky ◽  
A. A Shirokova ◽  
O. M. Soldatov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Genetic Testing ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Myocardial Hypertrophy ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Genetic Determination ◽  
Complex Coordination

A steady increase in the number of young sportsmen predetermines the relevance of studying the nature and severity of cardiovascular system remodeling in young athletes, including the development of arterial hypertension (AH) and left ventricular myocardial hypertrophy (LVHM).Objective. To study the prevalence and nature of arterial hypertension (AH) and its associations with signs of cardiovascular remodeling in young athletes taking into account pathogenetic relationship and genetic determination.Characteristics of children and methods. The study included 80 young athletes (including 42 boys, average age 14,5±1,54 years), divided into 4 groups depending on the kind of sports (1 – cyclic, 2 – game, 3 – complex coordination, 4 – power). We used the following research methods: “office” (i.e. during visit to the doctor) measurement of blood pressure, electrocardiography, echocardiography, color Doppler scanning of the neck vessels, daily monitoring of blood pressure, bicycle ergometry, genetic testing using the original panel with 448 markers.Results. An increase in blood pressure at rest was detected in 2,5% of children engaged in power sports, an insufficient decrease at night – in 16,3% of children, and an excessive reaction of blood pressure to dosed physical activity – in 25% of children. These changes correlated with signs of sports remodeling, in particular with the formation of left ventricular myocardial hypertrophy, which was diagnosed in 7–12,5% of athletes. According to the results of genetic testing, pronounced polymorphism in the NO synthase gene at three loci (rs10918594, rs12143842, rs16847548) was associated with a reorganization of the cardiovascular system in 45% of athletes.Conclusion. Violation of the circadian profile of blood pressure and excessive reaction to physical activity demonstrate 7,5–25% of young athletes, especially those involved in complex coordination and power sports. These changes were associated with the severity of sports remodeling and determined by a genetic predisposition.

Assessment of the Adequacy of Amateur Sports by the Functional Status of Students

2021 ◽  
pp. 60-66
Author(s):  
RS Rahmanov ◽  
ES Bogomolova ◽  
YuG Piskarev ◽  
DV Nepryakhin ◽  
VE Tsaryapkin
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Functional Status ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
The Body ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Energy Expenditures ◽  
Creatine Kinase Mb

Background: In the right dose, physical activity can bring health benefits. Objectives: To assess indicators of health and physical development of students engaged in amateur sports. Materials and methods: The study involved 30 male students aged 23.8 ± 0.3 years. We established their daily energy expenditures, integral indices characterizing their physical development, such as body weight, Pignet, strength, vitality, and Kerdo vegetative indices, endurance rate, circulatory efficiency, and the index of functional changes. We also analyzed cardiovascular system parameters including heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure at rest, after exercise and after exercise recovery. Results of the biochemical blood test taken the next morning after workout were used to evaluate the status of functions and systems of the body. Results: Energy expenditures amounted to 3,665.5 ± 37.3 kcal. Students were physically strong, their functional capabilities of the respiratory system and adaptation to sports (according to the activity of the parasympathetic autonomic nervous system) were found satisfactory while their physical activity was assessed as high (hard work). In the body, catabolic processes prevailed, and the level of cortisol exceeding the norm in 50.0 % of the subjects indicated stress. Inadequacy of physical exercises was evidenced by the index of functional changes (in 57.7 % of the students adaptation was in the state of functional stress); reaction of the cardiovascular system (endurance and heart rates, circulatory efficiency, creatine kinase MB, troponin-1, ALT, and LDH); increased erythropoiesis; hormonal changes (cortisol, testosterone); changes in the metabolism of proteins (total protein, urea, uric acid), fats (total cholesterol, high- and low-density lipoproteins), and hormones (cortisol, testosterone); signs of an early stage of anemia (erythrocytes, total protein, ferritin). Conclusion: The use of the methodology for assessing the functional status of the human body by integral and biochemical criteria during recovery period after exercise enables pre-nosology diagnostics and prevention of health disorders during active sports.

scholarly journals Sanation of carious and periapical foci in young athletes with impairment of cardiovascular adaptation

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-52
Author(s):  
I. I. Belyaev ◽  
G. A. Hatskevich
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Exercise Stress ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
System Adaptation ◽  
Optimal Period ◽  
Odontogenic Foci ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Sports Activities ◽  
Adaptation To Exercise

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of sanation of oral cavity in young athletes on the course of adaptation of the cardiovascular system to the condition of sports activities. According to the research results, it was revealed that the optimal period for sanation of periapical odontogenic foci in athletes with clinical signs of impairment (dysfunction) of cardiovascular system adaptation to exercise stress was a preparatory training period, while carious lesion sanation required preparatory or postcompetition periods.

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