scholarly journals The effects of race track surface condition on the racing time of Orlov trotters

2021 ◽  
Vol 244 ◽  
pp. 11055
Author(s):  
Marianna Gladkikh ◽  
Olga Kuznetsova
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Surface Condition ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Testing Conditions ◽  
Race Time ◽  
Race Track ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Track Surface ◽  
Selection Of

Race speed is one of the main indicators by which trotting horses are estimated. In addition to the horse genotype, race speed is also determined by the influence of environmental factors, such as feeding, keeping, training, and testing conditions. These conditions include of race track surface condition, the rider’s qualifications, season of the year, weather conditions. In this paper the influence of race track surface condition on the accuracy of assessing race time is considered. The data of horse trials of Orlov trotters at the Moscow hippodrome were used. The race time of 256 horses at a distance of 1600 m was assessed. Depending on the weather conditions and the track surface, 9 different track conditions were identified. For the analysis we used data on stallions and mares aged 4 years and older without disaggregation by sex, since there were no significant differences between the average race speed of stallions and mares and it was shown that it was the horses of the older age group that were reliably characterized by the highest average race time with minimal races per horse. It was found that the strength of the influence of the variety of race tracks on the variety of assessments of race time is reliable and amounted to 23.5%. When analyzing the group of the fastest horses, this indicator turned out to be higher and amounts to 43.8%. It is also shown that the selection of horses for breeding work is more expedient and accurate to carry out according to the average race time of the horse for a number of races, and not according to its best result, since in this case the stability of performances is not taken into account.

Выделение и агрессивность возбудителей болезней родов Fusarium и Аlternaria на моркови столовой

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.M. Sokolova
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Laboratory Method ◽  
Fusarium Avenaceum ◽  
Dining Room ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Near Abroad ◽  
Work Done ◽  
Selection Of

Во многих регионах РФ и странах ближнего зарубежья отмечено усиление вредоносности болезней моркови, вызванных грибами рр. Fusarium и Alternaria. В зависимости от погодных условий и фитосанитарного состояния посевов распространённость болезней может достигать 70 – 80 %, а урожайность корнеплодов снижается на 35-50 %. Одним из путей, обеспечивающих целенаправленное ведение селекции на устойчивость, является выделение местных изолятов возбудителей болезней, методы ускоренной оценки на основе определения агрессивности новых штаммов и применение их в селекционной работе. Цель работы: выделить местные изоляты возбудителей болезней и определить их агрессивность. Отбор пораженного материала для исследований проводили на опытных делянках ФГБНУ ВНИИО (Московская обл.). Опыты по определению агрессивности выделенных штаммов возбудителей рр. Alternaria и Fusarium проводили с 2007 по 2014 гг. лабораторным методом. В результате проделанной работы создана коллекция наиболее агрессивных местных штаммов патогенов: Fusarium avenaceum Sacc (Т7 - F1), Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht (ПО3 – F3), и Ш3, Alternaria radicina M., Dr. Et E - ВС-1-1А; ВС-2-1А; М – 2 – 3А; А-1 и А-3. Приведено описание мицелия по штамму р. Fusarium: Ш3 – штамм формирует пушистую бело-розовую колонию и обильное спороношение. Рассмотрена градация варьирования штаммов р. Fusarium - от белых войлочных и слизистых до бело - розовых пушистых. Выделенные наиболее агрессивные штаммы используются в селекционной работе над повышением устойчивости моркови столовой при проведении опытов по опрыскиванию суспензией спор по листовой пластине моркови столовой и при создании искусственных инфекционных фонов. Продолжается работа по выделению, идентификации и определению агрессивности возбудителей альтернариоза и фузариоза столовой моркови, а также по подбору образцов моркови столовой - контролей устойчивости к болезням.In many regions of the Russian Federation and the countries of the near abroad, there was an increase in the severity of carrot diseases caused by fungi of. Fusarium and Alternaria. Depending on the weather conditions and the phytosanitary condition of crops, the prevalence of diseases can reach 70-80%, and the yield of root crops is reduced by 35-50%. One of the ways ensuring targeted selection of sustainability is the isolation of local isolates of pathogens, rapid assessment methods based on the aggressiveness of new strains and their use in breeding. Objective: to isolate local isolates of pathogens and determine their aggressiveness. Selection of the affected material for the studies was carried out on experimental plots of the FGBNU VNIIO (Moscow region). Experiments to determine the aggressiveness of isolated strains of pathogens Alternaria and Fusarium were conducted from 2007 to 2014 years of laboratory method. As a result of the work done, a collection of the most aggressive local strains of pathogens was created: Fusarium avenaceum Sacc (T7 - F1), Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht (PO3 - F3), and III, Alternaria radicina M., Dr. Et E - ВС-1-1А; ВС-2-1А; M - 2 - 3A; A-1 and A-3. The description of the mycelium on the strain of Fusarium is given: III - the strain forms a fluffy white-pink colony and abundant sporulation. The gradation of variation in the strains of Fusarium - from white felt and mucous to white - pink fluffy. Highlighted most aggressive strains are used in breeding work to increase the stability of carrots canteen when conducting experiments on spraying spore suspension on a plate of carrot dining room and when creating artificial infectious backgrounds. Work continues on the identification, identification and determination of the aggressiveness of pathogens of Alternaria and Fusarium of carrots, as well as the selection of carrot samples - disease resistance control.

Assessment of reproductive capacity of representatives of ancestral complexes and especially their selection of seed in dry conditions

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
А.В. Семенютина ◽  
С.Е. Лазарев ◽  
К.А. Мельник
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Gleditsia Triacanthos ◽  
Biological Potential ◽  
Forest Reclamation ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Generative Phase ◽  
Selection Of

Представители родовых комплексов Robinia (Робиния), Gleditsia (Гледичия) относятся к экономически важным и перспективным, для деградированных ландшафтов засушливого региона, видам растений. Несмотря на это до последнего времени отсутствуют сведения по многим видам этих родовых комплексов, связанные с вопросами экологических основ семеноведения и их репродуктивной способности в условиях светлокаштановых почв Волгоградской области. Все это направлено на выявление и расширение перспективных ареалов культивирования для лесомелиорации и озеленения населенных пунктов. Цель исследований изучение репродуктивной способности представителей родовых комплексов Robinia (Робиния), Gleditsia (Гледичия) в коллекциях ФНЦ агроэкологии РАН и выявление особенностей их селекционного семеноведения для лесомелиорации и озеленения населенных пунктов в сухостепных условиях. Объектами исследований являлись виды и формы рода Robinia: R. viscosa Vent. R. neomexicana Gray. R. pseudoacacia L. R. neomexicana х pseudoacacia, и Gleditsia (G. triacanthos L., G. triacanthos L. f. inermis, G. caspica Desf, G. texana Sarg., G. aquatica, G. japonica, G. caspica, G. sinensis), произрастающие в кластерных участках коллекций ФНЦ агроэкологии РАН, кадастр 34:34:000000:122, 34:34:060061:10. Разработка основ селекционного семеноведения базируется на изучении репродуктивных особенностей выделенных для целевого использования собственных биоресурсов с учетом возможностей всестороннего изучения генеративных качеств и оценки биологического потенциала. Выявлено, что стабильность плодоношения фиксируется через несколько лет после вступления в генеративную фазу: у Robinia и Gleditsia 67 лет. Первое цветение у Gleditsia triacanthos и G. texana, G. aquatica наблюдалось в возрасте 5 лет, G. japonica 6, G. caspica и G. sinensis 8 лет. Завязываемость плодов зависит не только от возраста растения, но и от погодных условий во время цветения. На семенную продуктивность влияет количество выпавших осадков и сумма активных температур в период созревания плодов. Формирование более крупных плодов и семян наблюдается в возрасте до 15 лет. В результате исследований (20172019 гг.) выявлено влияние лимитирующих факторов на биологический потенциал цветения, плодоношения и семенную продуктивность для определения ареалов их культивирования. Representatives of generic systems Robinia, Gleditsia are economically important and promising for degraded arid landscapes of the region, types of plants. Despite this, until recently, there is no information on many types of these generic complexes related to the environmental foundations of seed and their reproductive capacity in light chestnut soils of the Volgograd region. All this is aimed at identifying and expanding promising areas of cultivation for forest reclamation and greening of settlements. The aim of the research is to study the reproductive capacity of representatives of ancestral complexes Robinia, Gleditsia in the collections of the Federal scientific center for Agroecology Russian Academy of Sciences and the identifying features of their selection of seed for forest reclamation and landscaping of settlements in the dry steppe conditions. The objects of research were species and forms of the genus Robinia: R. viscosa Vent. R. neomexicana Gray. R. pseudoacacia L. R. neomexicana x pseudoacacia and Gleditsia (G. triacanthos L., G. triacanthos L. f. inermis, G. caspica Desf, G. texana Sarg., G. aquatica, G. japonica, G. caspica, G. sinensis), growing in the cluster areas of collections of FSC Agroecology RAS, cadastre 34:34:000000:122, 34:34:060061:10. The development of the principles of seed breeding is based on the study of reproductive characteristics of the allocated for the targeted use of their own bioresources, taking into account the possibilities of a comprehensive study of generative qualities and assessment of biological potential. It was found that the stability of fruiting is fixed a few years after entering the generative phase: Robinia and Gleditsia 67 years. The first flowering in Gleditsia triacanthos and G. texana, G. aquatica was observed at the age of 5 years, G. japonica 6, G. caspica and G. sinensis 8 years. Fruit setability depends not only on the age of the plant, but also on weather conditions during flowering. Seed productivity is affected by the amount of precipitation and the amount of active temperatures during the ripening period. The formation of larger fruits and seeds is observed in the age of 15 years. As a result of studies (20172019), the influence of limiting factors on the biological potential of flowering, fruiting and seed production to determine the areas of their cultivation was revealed.

Resistance of cherry varieties to spring return frozes in the conditions of Astrakhan region

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Dronic A.A. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Damage Score ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Total Damage ◽  
Continental Climate ◽  
Unfavorable Weather

The article presents an assessment of the stability of introduced cherry varieties to spring return frosts in 2020 in the conditions of the sharply continental climate of the Astrakhan region. As a result of unfavorable weather conditions, the total damage score of all varieties was 2-5 points. Almost all the studied varieties showed an insufficient level of resistance to recurrent frosts.

scholarly journals Spatio-temporal selection of reference genes in the two congeneric species of Glycyrrhiza

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuping Li ◽  
Xiaoju Liang ◽  
Xuguo Zhou ◽  
Yu An ◽  
Ming Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Developmental Stage ◽  
Reference Genes ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Congeneric Species ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Different Tissues ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractGlycyrrhiza, a genus of perennial medicinal herbs, has been traditionally used to treat human diseases, including respiratory disorders. Functional analysis of genes involved in the synthesis, accumulation, and degradation of bioactive compounds in these medicinal plants requires accurate measurement of their expression profiles. Reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) is a primary tool, which requires stably expressed reference genes to serve as the internal references to normalize the target gene expression. In this study, the stability of 14 candidate reference genes from the two congeneric species G. uralensis and G. inflata, including ACT, CAC, CYP, DNAJ, DREB, EF1, RAN, TIF1, TUB, UBC2, ABCC2, COPS3, CS, R3HDM2, were evaluated across different tissues and throughout various developmental stages. More importantly, we investigated the impact of interactions between tissue and developmental stage on the performance of candidate reference genes. Four algorithms, including geNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper, and Delta Ct, were used to analyze the expression stability and RefFinder, a comprehensive software, provided the final recommendation. Based on previous research and our preliminary data, we hypothesized that internal references for spatio-temporal gene expression are different from the reference genes suited for individual factors. In G. uralensis, the top three most stable reference genes across different tissues were R3HDM2, CAC and TUB, while CAC, CYP and ABCC2 were most suited for different developmental stages. CAC is the only candidate recommended for both biotic factors, which is reflected in the stability ranking for the spatio (tissue)-temporal (developmental stage) interactions (CAC, R3HDM2 and DNAJ). Similarly, in G. inflata, COPS3, R3HDM2 and DREB were selected for tissues, while RAN, COPS3 and CS were recommended for developmental stages. For the tissue-developmental stage interactions, COPS3, DREB and ABCC2 were the most suited reference genes. In both species, only one of the top three candidates was shared between the individual factors and their interactions, specifically, CAC in G. uralensis and COPS3 in G. inflata, which supports our overarching hypothesis. In summary, spatio-temporal selection of reference genes not only lays the foundation for functional genomics research in Glycyrrhiza, but also facilitates these traditional medicinal herbs to reach/maximize their pharmaceutical potential.

scholarly journals The Winter Habitat Selection of Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) Based on a Multi-Scale Model

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2454
Author(s):  
Yue Sun ◽  
Yanze Yu ◽  
Jinhao Guo ◽  
Minghai Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Selection ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Winter Habitat ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Optimal Scale ◽  
Scale Models ◽  
Selection Of

Single-scale frameworks are often used to analyze the habitat selections of species. Research on habitat selection can be significantly improved using multi-scale models that enable greater in-depth analyses of the scale dependence between species and specific environmental factors. In this study, the winter habitat selection of red deer in the Gogostaihanwula Nature Reserve, Inner Mongolia, was studied using a multi-scale model. Each selected covariate was included in multi-scale models at their “characteristic scale”, and we used an all subsets approach and model selection framework to assess habitat selection. The results showed that: (1) Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that the response scale of red deer to environmental factors was different among different covariate. The optimal scale of the single covariate was 800–3200 m, slope (SLP), altitude (ELE), and ratio of deciduous broad-leaved forests were 800 m in large scale, except that the farmland ratio was 200 m in fine scale. The optimal scale of road density and grassland ratio is both 1600 m, and the optimal scale of net forest production capacity is 3200 m; (2) distance to forest edges, distance to cement roads, distance to villages, altitude, distance to all road, and slope of the region were the most important factors affecting winter habitat selection. The outcomes of this study indicate that future studies on the effectiveness of habitat selections will benefit from multi-scale models. In addition to increasing interpretive and predictive capabilities, multi-scale habitat selection models enhance our understanding of how species respond to their environments and contribute to the formulation of effective conservation and management strategies for ungulata.

scholarly journals An investigation of the effects of environmental and ecologic factors on cutaneous leishmaniasis in the old world: a systematic review study

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abolfazl Mohammadbeigi ◽  
Salman Khazaei ◽  
Hamidreza Heidari ◽  
Azadeh Asgarian ◽  
Shahram Arsangjang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Weather Condition ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Screening Process ◽  
Old World ◽  
Review Study

AbstractObjectivesLeishmaniasis is a neglected and widespread parasitic disease that can lead to serious health problems. The current review study aimed to synthesize the relationship between ecologic and environmental factors (e.g., weather conditions, climatology, temperature and topology) and the incidence of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in the Old World.ContentA systematic review was conducted based on English, and Persian articles published from 2015 to 2020 in PubMed/Medline, Science Direct, Web of Science and Google Scholar. Keywords used to search articles were leishmaniasis, environmental factors, weather condition, soil, temperature, land cover, ecologic* and topogr*. All articles were selected and assessed for eligibility according to the titles or abstracts. The quality screening process of articles was carried out by two independent authors. The selected articles were checked according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Summary and outlookA total of 827 relevant records in 2015–2020 were searched and after evaluating the articles, 23 articles met the eligibility criteria; finally, 14 full-text articles were included in the systematic review. Two different categories of ecologic/environmental factors (weather conditions, temperature, rainfall/precipitation and humidity) and land characteristics (land cover, slope, elevation and altitude, earthquake and cattle sheds) were the most important factors associated with CL incidence.ConclusionsTemperature and rainfall play an important role in the seasonal cycle of CL as many CL cases occurred in arid and semiarid areas in the Old World. Moreover, given the findings of this study regarding the effect of weather conditions on CL, it can be concluded that designing an early warning system is necessary to predict the incidence of CL based on different weather conditions.

scholarly journals Fast-Scale Instability and Stabilization by Adaptive Slope Compensation of a PV-Fed Differential Boost Inverter

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2106
Author(s):  
Abdelali El Aroudi ◽  
Mohamed Debbat ◽  
Mohammed Al-Numay ◽  
Abdelmajid Abouloiafa
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Current Loop ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Bifurcation Phenomena ◽  
Slope Compensation ◽  
Power Point ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Detailed Circuit

Numerical simulations reveal that a single-stage differential boost AC module supplied from a PV module under an Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) control at the input DC port and with current synchronization at the AC grid port might exhibit bifurcation phenomena under some weather conditions leading to subharmonic oscillation at the fast-switching scale. This paper will use discrete-time approach to characterize such behavior and to identify the onset of fast-scale instability. Slope compensation is used in the inner current loop to improve the stability of the system. The compensation slope values needed to guarantee stability for the full range of operating duty cycle and leading to an optimal deadbeat response are determined. The validity of the followed procedures is finally validated by a numerical simulations performed on a detailed circuit-level switched model of the AC module.

scholarly journals Climate Change and Internet of Things Technologies—Sustainable Premises of Extending the Culture of the Amurg Cultivar in Transylvania—A Use Case for Târnave Vineyard

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8170
Author(s):  
Veronica Sanda Chedea ◽  
Ana-Maria Drăgulinescu  ◽  
Liliana Lucia Tomoiagă  ◽  
Cristina Bălăceanu ◽  
Maria Lucia Iliescu 
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
White Wine ◽  
Time Investment ◽  
Protected Designation Of Origin ◽  
Average Annual Temperature ◽  
Insect Infestations ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Red Grape

Known for its dry and semi-dry white wine, the Târnave vineyard located in central Transylvania is challenged by the current climate change, which has resulted in an increase of the period of active vegetation by approximately 15–20 days, the average annual temperature by 1–1.5 °C and also the amount of useful temperatures (useful thermal balance for the grapevine). Furthermore, the frost periods have been reduced. Transylvania is an important Romanian region for grapevine cultivation. In this context, one can use the climatic changes to expand their wine assortment by cultivating an autochthonous grapevine variety called Amurg. Amurg is a red grape cultivar homologated at SCDVV Blaj, which also homologated 7 cultivars and 11 clones. Because viticulture depends on the stability of meteorological and hydrological parameters of the growing area, its foundations are challenged by climate change. Grapevine production is a long time investment, taking at least five years before the freshly planted vines produce the desired quality berries. We propose the implementation of a climate change-based precision viticulture turn-key solution for environmental monitoring in the Târnave vineyard. This solution aims to evaluate the grapevine’s micro-climate to extend the sustainable cultivation of the Amurg red grapes cultivar in Transylvania with the final goal of obtaining Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) rosé and red wines from this region. Worldwide, the changing conditions from the existing climate (a 30-year average), used in the past hundred years to dictate local standards, such as new and erratic trends of temperature and humidity regimes, late spring freezes, early fall frosts, storms, heatwaves, droughts, area wildfires, and insect infestations, would create dynamic problems for all farmers to thrive. These conditions will make it challenging to predict shifts in each of the components of seasonal weather conditions. Our proposed system also aims to give a solution that can be adapted to other vineyards as well.

Stabilization of networked switched affine systems with event-triggered strategy

2021 ◽  
pp. 014233122110213
Author(s):  
Dandan Li ◽  
Zhiqiang Zuo ◽  
Yijing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Affine Systems ◽  
Switching Law ◽  
Event Time ◽  
Sliding Motion ◽  
State Dependent ◽  
Event Triggering ◽  
Stability Issue ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Event Based ◽  
Selection Of

Using an event-based switching law, we address the stability issue for continuous-time switched affine systems in the network environment. The state-dependent switching law in terms of the region function is firstly developed. We combine the region function with the event-triggering mechanism to construct the switching law. This can provide more candidates for the selection of the next activated subsystem at each switching instant. As a result, it is possible for us to activate the appropriate subsystem to avoid the sliding motion. The Zeno behavior for the switched affine system can be naturally ruled out by guaranteeing a positive minimum inter-event time between two consecutive executions of the event-triggering threshold. Finally, two numerical examples are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

scholarly journals Influence of Patient Age on Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotypes Causing Invasive Disease

2001 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 556-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime Inostroza ◽  
Ana Maria Vinet ◽  
Gloria Retamal ◽  
Pedro Lorca ◽  
Gonzalo Ossa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Bacterial Virulence ◽  
Host Factors ◽  
Invasive Infection ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Southern Chile ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Sterile Site ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT All clinical S. pneumoniae specimens isolated from patients with invasive or sterile-site infections admitted to one regional general hospital in southern Chile were collected during a 5-year period (February 1994 to September 1999). A total of 247 strains belonging to 50 serotypes were isolated in this survey: 69 in patients under 5 years of age, 129 in patients 5 to 64 years old, and 49 from patients 65 years and older. Eight serotypes were identified in all age groups, while all other serotypes were found exclusively in one age group or in patients over 4 years of age. Serotype 3 was never found in patients under 5 years old, and serotype 14 was not found in patients >64 years of age. There was no difference in the serotypes causing infection in each one of the 5 years of the survey. Our results suggest that both bacterial virulence factors and host factors play an important role in the selection of S. pneumoniae serotypes causing invasive infection. Possible host factors include age-related differences in the immune response. Comparative studies with other areas of the world may help to further understanding of our observations in southern Chile.

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