scholarly journals C, N, P, S content of the Chlorophyta Chaetomorpha linum (Müller) Kützing in a vast high density mat of a Mediterranean non-tidal lagoon

2020 ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Mauro Lenzi ◽  
Marco Leporatti-Persiano ◽  
Paola Gennaro
Keyword(s):  
Low Frequency ◽  
Atomic Ratio ◽  
High Density ◽  
Labile Organic Matter ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
P Limitation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Chaetomorpha Linum ◽  
High Level

In a Chaetomorpha linum high density mat extending over 300 hectares, between 2017 and 2019 samples were collected for C, N, P, S tissue content determination, biomass (b) was estimated, sediment samples collected for labile organic matter (LOM) determination, and water chemical-physical variables measured. The latter showed extreme conditions with a wide range of values ​​and with zero oxygen for long periods. N-NO3:SRP atomic ratio showed extreme P-limitation. Tissue macronutrients showed very variable values, highlighting a strong P-limitation and relatively high level of S. With exception of nitrogen, no significant differences were detected for each macronutrient between the months and between the stations, neither was any correlation found between macronutrients and LOM and b data-set. The growth and survival of the mat occurred despite the scarcity of P, which probably reached with very low frequency the surface layer of the mat, the one capable of performing photosynthesis, where it was quickly re-assimilated and utilised.

scholarly journals Using kites for 3-D mapping of gullies at decimetre-resolution over several square kilometres: a case study on the Kamech catchment, Tunisia

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 1567-1582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Feurer ◽  
Olivier Planchon ◽  
Mohamed Amine El Maaoui ◽  
Abir Ben Slimane ◽  
Mohamed Rached Boussema ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Aerial Photography ◽  
Airborne Lidar ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Topographic Data ◽  
Independent Field ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Laser Systems ◽  
High Level

Abstract. Monitoring agricultural areas threatened by soil erosion often requires decimetre topographic information over areas of several square kilometres. Airborne lidar and remotely piloted aircraft system (RPAS) imagery have the ability to provide repeated decimetre-resolution and -accuracy digital elevation models (DEMs) covering these extents, which is unrealistic with ground surveys. However, various factors hamper the dissemination of these technologies in a wide range of situations, including local regulations for RPAS and the cost for airborne laser systems and medium-format RPAS imagery. The goal of this study is to investigate the ability of low-tech kite aerial photography to obtain DEMs with decimetre resolution and accuracy that permit 3-D descriptions of active gullying in cultivated areas of several square kilometres. To this end, we developed and assessed a two-step workflow. First, we used both heuristic experimental approaches in field and numerical simulations to determine the conditions that make a photogrammetric flight possible and effective over several square kilometres with a kite and a consumer-grade camera. Second, we mapped and characterised the entire gully system of a test catchment in 3-D. We showed numerically and experimentally that using a thin and light line for the kite is key for a complete 3-D coverage over several square kilometres. We thus obtained a decimetre-resolution DEM covering 3.18 km2 with a mean error and standard deviation of the error of +7 and 22 cm respectively, hence achieving decimetre accuracy. With this data set, we showed that high-resolution topographic data permit both the detection and characterisation of an entire gully system with a high level of detail and an overall accuracy of 74 % compared to an independent field survey. Kite aerial photography with simple but appropriate equipment is hence an alternative tool that has been proven to be valuable for surveying gullies with sub-metric details in a square-kilometre-scale catchment. This case study suggests that access to high-resolution topographic data on these scales can be given to the community, which may help facilitate a better understanding of gullying processes within a broader spectrum of conditions.

scholarly journals Characterization of the variability in the O+B eclipsing binary HD 165246

2021 ◽  
Vol 503 (1) ◽  
pp. 1124-1137
Author(s):  
C Johnston ◽  
N Aimar ◽  
M Abdul-Masih ◽  
D M Bowman ◽  
T R White ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Binary Solution ◽  
Rotational Frequency ◽  
Primary Component ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Eclipsing Binary ◽  
Photometric Observations ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Evolutionary Context ◽  
High Level

ABSTRACT O-stars are known to experience a wide range of variability mechanisms originating at both their surface and their near-core regions. Characterization and understanding of this variability and its potential causes are integral for evolutionary calculations. We use a new extensive high-resolution spectroscopic data set to characterize the variability observed in both the spectroscopic and space-based photometric observations of the O+B eclipsing binary HD 165246. We present an updated atmospheric and binary solution for the primary component, involving a high level of microturbulence ($13_{-1.3}^{+1.0}\,$ km s−1) and a mass of $M_1=23.7_{-1.4}^{+1.1}$ M⊙, placing it in a sparsely explored region of the Hertzsprung--Russell diagram. Furthermore, we deduce a rotational frequency of $0.690\pm 0.003\,$d−1 from the combined photometric and line-profile variability, implying that the primary rotates at 40 per cent of its critical Keplerian rotation rate. We discuss the potential explanations for the overall variability observed in this massive binary, and discuss its evolutionary context.

scholarly journals Astroclimatic Conditions at the Hoa Lac and Nha Trang Astronomical Observatories

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1680
Author(s):  
Artem Y. Shikhovtsev ◽  
Pavel G. Kovadlo ◽  
Evgeniy A. Kopylov ◽  
Mansur A. Ibrahimov ◽  
Huy Le Xuan
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Hourly Data ◽  
First Results ◽  
Weak Winds ◽  
High Level

The paper presents the first results of astroclimatic studies at the sites of the Hoa Lac and Nha Trang astronomical observatories. Our study employs Era-5 data covering a 10-yr time period (2011–2020). An analysis of the main astroclimatic characteristic, namely, the wind speed in the upper layers of the atmosphere, was performed. We calculated space distributions of the wind speed averaged in the height bin from 100 to 200 hPa. Using hourly data on pressure levels we analyzed probability distributions of the wind speed at high-level maxima at the sites of the observatories. At the Nha Trang observatory the period with a potentially high astroclimatic conditions falls on the spring when high recurrence of weak winds is observed. At the Hoa Lac observatory the best conditions are observed in the summer and the autumn. In this period, the median wind speeds are low. Additionally, we calculated spectra of the air temperature using the Fast Fourier Transform. We analyzed the deformations of the spectra with heights in a wide range of scales. At the site of the Nha Trang Astronomical Observatory, the amplitude of daily air temperature variations in the surface layer is approximately 1.5–2.5 times smaller compared to the Hoa Lac Observatory. We showed that the low-frequency maximum in the spectra is pronounced only in the lower layers of the atmosphere.

High Density Interposer – Challenges and Opportunities

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 (1) ◽  
pp. 000046-000049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathias Boettcher ◽  
Frank Windrich ◽  
M-J. Wolf
Keyword(s):  
System Integration ◽  
Functional System ◽  
High Density ◽  
Wafer Level ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
High Level ◽  
Silicon Vias ◽  
System Miniaturization

Within “More than Moore” concepts interposer based packaging technologies, known as 2.5D/3D wafer level system integration, open up a wide range of miniaturized multi-functional system solutions. Pending of the final application dedicated interposer concepts have been developed for grabbing multiple active components, fabricated by different suppliers, using different technologies and materials, e.g. sensors, logic, radio frequency (RF) and memory-ICs, as well as passive devices, including antennas. In many cases the application of high density wiring, micro pillar (μ-pillar) interconnects as well as through silicon vias (TSVs) are required. Finally the interposer needs to provide the mechanical basement for system packages. In order to support system miniaturization and extension of system performance on one hand and to meet costs and time to market challenges on the other hand the development of modular interposer concepts as well as the application of dedicated basic interposer technologies is of high interest for R&D, prototyping and small volume applications. A short outline of high density interposer technologies developed and available at Fraunhofer IZM on 300mm substrates will be presented. Starting with a brief discussion of basic elements of interposers, several technology concepts developed and validated for high density interposer applications will be described. Challenges related to μ-pillar applications and high density wiring will be addressed and generic results will be presented. A high level comparison of challenges and opportunities will be shown and discussed. A brief outlook of future development work for system applications will be given.

The Attenuation of Very Low Frequency Brain Oscillations in Transitions from a Rest State to Active Attention

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 191-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzannah K. Helps ◽  
Samantha J. Broyd ◽  
Christopher J. James ◽  
Anke Karl ◽  
Edmund J. S. Sonuga-Barke
Keyword(s):  
Brain Activity ◽  
Sampling Rate ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Very Low Frequency ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Interference Hypothesis ◽  
Mode Interference

Background: The default mode interference hypothesis ( Sonuga-Barke & Castellanos, 2007 ) predicts (1) the attenuation of very low frequency oscillations (VLFO; e.g., .05 Hz) in brain activity within the default mode network during the transition from rest to task, and (2) that failures to attenuate in this way will lead to an increased likelihood of periodic attention lapses that are synchronized to the VLFO pattern. Here, we tested these predictions using DC-EEG recordings within and outside of a previously identified network of electrode locations hypothesized to reflect DMN activity (i.e., S3 network; Helps et al., 2008 ). Method: 24 young adults (mean age 22.3 years; 8 male), sampled to include a wide range of ADHD symptoms, took part in a study of rest to task transitions. Two conditions were compared: 5 min of rest (eyes open) and a 10-min simple 2-choice RT task with a relatively high sampling rate (ISI 1 s). DC-EEG was recorded during both conditions, and the low-frequency spectrum was decomposed and measures of the power within specific bands extracted. Results: Shift from rest to task led to an attenuation of VLFO activity within the S3 network which was inversely associated with ADHD symptoms. RT during task also showed a VLFO signature. During task there was a small but significant degree of synchronization between EEG and RT in the VLFO band. Attenuators showed a lower degree of synchrony than nonattenuators. Discussion: The results provide some initial EEG-based support for the default mode interference hypothesis and suggest that failure to attenuate VLFO in the S3 network is associated with higher synchrony between low-frequency brain activity and RT fluctuations during a simple RT task. Although significant, the effects were small and future research should employ tasks with a higher sampling rate to increase the possibility of extracting robust and stable signals.

The way of value of Correlation of genomic DNA microsatellite loci and live weight of Chukchi reindeer

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
V. Dodokhov ◽  
N. Pavlova ◽  
T. Rumyantseva ◽  
L. Kalashnikova
Keyword(s):  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Tribal Community ◽  
High Germination ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Level ◽  
Dna Microsatellite

The article presents the genetic characteristic of the Chukchi reindeer breed. The object of the study was of the Chukchi reindeer. In recent years, the number of reindeer of the Chukchi breed has declined sharply. Reduced reindeer numbers could lead to biodiversity loss. The Chukchi breed of deer has good meat qualities, has high germination viability and is adapted in adverse tundra conditions of Yakutia. Herding of the Chukchi breed of deer in Yakutia are engaged only in the Nizhnekolymsky district. There are four generic communities and the largest of which is the agricultural production cooperative of nomadic tribal community «Turvaurgin», which was chosen to assess the genetic processes of breed using microsatellite markers: Rt6, BMS1788, Rt 30, Rt1, Rt9, FCB193, Rt7, BMS745, C 143, Rt24, OheQ, C217, C32, NVHRT16, T40, C276. It was found that microsatellite markers have a wide range of alleles and generally have a high informative value for identifying of genetic differences between animals and groups of animal. The number of identified alleles is one of the indicators of the genetic diversity of the population. The total number of detected alleles was 127. The Chukchi breed of deer is characterized by a high level of heterozygosity, and the random crossing system prevails over inbreeding in the population. On average, there were 7.9 alleles (Na) per locus, and the mean number of effective alleles (Ne) was 4.1. The index of fixation averaged 0.001. The polymorphism index (PIC) ranged from 0.217 to 0.946, with an average of 0.695.

COVID-19 Outbreak Prediction with Machine Learning

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sina Faizollahzadeh Ardabili ◽  
Amir Mosavi ◽  
Pedram Ghamisi ◽  
Filip Ferdinand ◽  
Annamaria R. Varkonyi-Koczy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Fuzzy Inference ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Inference System ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Standard Models ◽  
High Level

Several outbreak prediction models for COVID-19 are being used by officials around the world to make informed-decisions and enforce relevant control measures. Among the standard models for COVID-19 global pandemic prediction, simple epidemiological and statistical models have received more attention by authorities, and they are popular in the media. Due to a high level of uncertainty and lack of essential data, standard models have shown low accuracy for long-term prediction. Although the literature includes several attempts to address this issue, the essential generalization and robustness abilities of existing models needs to be improved. This paper presents a comparative analysis of machine learning and soft computing models to predict the COVID-19 outbreak as an alternative to SIR and SEIR models. Among a wide range of machine learning models investigated, two models showed promising results (i.e., multi-layered perceptron, MLP, and adaptive network-based fuzzy inference system, ANFIS). Based on the results reported here, and due to the highly complex nature of the COVID-19 outbreak and variation in its behavior from nation-to-nation, this study suggests machine learning as an effective tool to model the outbreak. This paper provides an initial benchmarking to demonstrate the potential of machine learning for future research. Paper further suggests that real novelty in outbreak prediction can be realized through integrating machine learning and SEIR models.

Territorial Distribution of Alcohol and Drug Addictions Mortality Concerning Regional Disparities in the Slovak Republic from Year 1996 to Year 2015

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Regional Disparities ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Extreme Position ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Male Sex ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Level

BACKGROUND: This paper deals with territorial distribution of the alcohol and drug addictions mortality at a level of the districts of the Slovak Republic. AIM: The aim of the paper is to explore the relations within the administrative territorial division of the Slovak Republic, that is, between the individual districts and hence, to reveal possibly hidden relation in alcohol and drug mortality. METHODS: The analysis is divided and executed into the two fragments – one belongs to the female sex, the other one belongs to the male sex. The standardised mortality rate is computed according to a sequence of the mathematical relations. The Euclidean distance is employed to compute the similarity within each pair of a whole data set. The cluster analysis examines is performed. The clusters are created by means of the mutual distances of the districts. The data is collected from the database of the Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic for all the districts of the Slovak Republic. The covered time span begins in the year 1996 and ends in the year 2015. RESULTS: The most substantial point is that the Slovak Republic possesses the regional disparities in a field of mortality expressed by the standardised mortality rate computed particularly for the diagnoses assigned to the alcohol and drug addictions at a considerably high level. However, the female sex and the male sex have the different outcome. The Bratislava III District keeps absolutely the most extreme position. It forms an own cluster for the both sexes too. The Topoľčany District bears a similar extreme position from a point of view of the male sex. All the Bratislava districts keep their mutual notable dissimilarity. Contrariwise, evaluation of a development of the regional disparities among the districts looks like notably heterogeneously. CONCLUSIONS: There are considerable regional discrepancies throughout the districts of the Slovak Republic. Hence, it is necessary to create a common platform how to proceed with the solution of this issue.

CRIMINOLOGICAL FEATURES OF CORRUPTION-RELATED CRIMES IN THE FUEL AND ENERGY COMPLEX

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
Сергей Иванович Вележев ◽  
Антон Михайлович Седогин
Keyword(s):  
Legal Protection ◽  
Criminal Activity ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Energy Complex ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Illegal Activities ◽  
High Level

В представленной статье авторами рассматриваются вопросы уголовно-правовой охраны топливно-энергетического комплекса Российской Федерации от преступных проявлений, в том числе от коррупционной противоправной деятельности должностных лиц. Такие действия причиняют значительный ущерб нормальному функционированию предприятий топливно-энергетического комплекса. Авторами приводятся результаты исследования некоторых криминологических характеристик должностных лиц, совершивших преступления коррупционного характера. Дан анализ причин и условий, способствующих совершению вышеуказанных противоправных действий. Определена типовая модель преступника для данной категории преступлений и его характеристики: в первую очередь, это высокий уровень компетентности, специальное образование и т. д. Авторами отмечается высокий уровень латентной преступности в данной отрасли. Предложены некоторые пути профилактики данной категории правонарушений. Исследование проводилось на основе анализа конкретных уголовных дел, возбужденных следственными органами по результатам оперативно-розыскной деятельности правоохранительных органов. In the article the authors consider the issues of criminal and legal protection of the fuel and energy complex of the Russian Federation from criminal activity including corrupt illegal practices of officials. The authors cite the results of some criminological characteristics study of the fuel and energy complex staff committed corruption crimes. As a result of these illegal actions significant damage is caused to the normal functioning of the fuel and energy enterprises. Such officials` actions determine not only a wide range of other illegal activities, but also lead to public outcry and discredit the industry as a whole. The analysis of the reasons and conditions contributing to the above illegal actions commission is given. A typical model of a criminal for a given crime category and its characteristics are determined. First of all it is a high level competence, special education, etc. A high level of latent crime in this industry is shown. The study results are presented on the example of specific criminal cases initiated by the investigating authorities based on the results of the operation detection activities of law enforcement agencies. Some ways of preventing this category of offenses are proposed.

Structure Guided Molecular Docking Assisted Alignment Dependent 3DQSAR Study on Steroidal Aromatase Inhibitors (SAIs) as Anti-breast Cancer Agents

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 808-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laxmi Banjare ◽  
Sant Kumar Verma ◽  
Akhlesh Kumar Jain ◽  
Suresh Thareja
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Molecular Docking ◽  
Aromatase Inhibitors ◽  
Direct Synthesis ◽  
3D Qsar ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Modeling Tools ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Steroidal Aromatase Inhibitors

Background: In spite of the availability of various treatment approaches including surgery, radiotherapy, and hormonal therapy, the steroidal aromatase inhibitors (SAIs) play a significant role as chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of estrogen-dependent breast cancer with the benefit of reduced risk of recurrence. However, due to greater toxicity and side effects associated with currently available anti-breast cancer agents, there is emergent requirement to develop target-specific AIs with safer anti-breast cancer profile. Methods: It is challenging task to design target-specific and less toxic SAIs, though the molecular modeling tools viz. molecular docking simulations and QSAR have been continuing for more than two decades for the fast and efficient designing of novel, selective, potent and safe molecules against various biological targets to fight the number of dreaded diseases/disorders. In order to design novel and selective SAIs, structure guided molecular docking assisted alignment dependent 3D-QSAR studies was performed on a data set comprises of 22 molecules bearing steroidal scaffold with wide range of aromatase inhibitory activity. Results: 3D-QSAR model developed using molecular weighted (MW) extent alignment approach showed good statistical quality and predictive ability when compared to model developed using moments of inertia (MI) alignment approach. Conclusion: The explored binding interactions and generated pharmacophoric features (steric and electrostatic) of steroidal molecules could be exploited for further design, direct synthesis and development of new potential safer SAIs, that can be effective to reduce the mortality and morbidity associated with breast cancer.

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