Effects of Obstruction on Single-Kidney Function Clinical and Experimental Results with 131I-Hippurate and 99mTc-DMSA

1980 ◽  
Vol 19 (06) ◽  
pp. 257-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Jocham ◽  
M. Beer ◽  
U. Büll ◽  
E. Moser

SummaryIn 35 patients, renography with 131I-o-hippurate (OIH) and static renal imaging with 99mTc-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) were used to measure differential renal function (DRF). The results were compared. Depth correction was applied in both methods. In non-obstructed kidneys (19 patients), both methods revealed nearly identical kidney function (r = 0.98). For completely obstructed kidneys (16 patients), OIH gave a significantly better DRF (14 ml/min) than DMSA. This small difference was of no clinical value. Because DMSA is reported to give unreliable results in unilateral obstructed kidneys, the right ureter was ligated in 8 dogs for 10 days and DRF was measured before and after opening an ureteral fistula. The difference in DRF was about 1% and could be accounted for by the amount of urinary radioactivity collected from the pelvic system after the ligature had been opened. Although DMSA appears to give reliable values in determining DRF, even in obstructed kidneys, OIH is preferred since total clearance values and postrenal urinary dynamics can be determined simultaneously.

Author(s):  
Ni Luh Gede Aris Maytadewi Negara ◽  
I Dewa Putu Sutjana ◽  
Luh Made Indah Sri Handari Adiputra

Industrial activities developed from households to large-scale industries, including the development of industries in the field of canning fish. Worker health is one of the important things in a company, can be achieved by choosing the right work method. This study was conducted to determine whether ergonomic oriented working methods in the process of wiping canned sardines can reduce musculoskeletal complaints and fatigue in workers. The study design was two period cross over pre and post-test group desig). The research was conducted at PT. BMP Negara. It was held in December 2016. Total sample were 18 workers who wiping cans of sardines. The difference in conditions between before and after activities using ergonomic un-oriented working methods and ergonomic oriented working methods are compared and tested statistically. Comparison tests were carried out on scores of musculoskeletal complaints and worker fatigue. The results showed that ergonomic oriented working methods decreased of musculoskeletal complaints 17.82% (p<0.05) and fatigue score of 11.86% (p<0.05). The conclusion of this study is that ergonomic oriented working methods in the process of wiping sardine cans reduce musculoskeletal complaints and work fatigue of workers in PT. BMP Negara.


Author(s):  
Luigi Pannone ◽  
Cinzia Monaco ◽  
Antonio Sorgente ◽  
Pasquale Vergara ◽  
Paul‐Adrian Calburean ◽  
...  

Background The rate of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in Brugada syndrome (BrS) is ≈1%/y. Noninvasive electrocardiographic imaging is a noninvasive mapping system that has a role in assessing BrS depolarization and repolarization abnormalities. This study aimed to analyze electrocardiographic imaging parameters during ajmaline test (AJT). Methods and Results All consecutive epicardial maps of the right ventricle outflow tract (RVOT‐EPI) in BrS with CardioInsight were retrospectively analyzed. (1) RVOT‐EPI activation time (RVOT‐AT); (2) RVOT‐EPI recovery time, and (3) RVOT‐EPI activation‐recovery interval (RVOT‐ARI) were calculated. ∆RVOT‐AT, ∆RVOT‐EPI recovery time, and ∆RVOT‐ARI were defined as the difference in parameters before and after AJT. SCD‐BrS patients were defined as individuals presenting a history of aborted SCD. Thirty‐nine patients with BrS were retrospectively analyzed and 12 patients (30.8%) were SCD‐BrS. After AJT, an increase in both RVOT‐AT [105.9 milliseconds versus 65.8 milliseconds, P <0.001] and RVOT‐EPI recovery time [403.4 milliseconds versus 365.7 milliseconds, P <0.001] was observed. No changes occurred in RVOT‐ARI [297.5 milliseconds versus 299.9 milliseconds, P =0.7]. Before AJT no differences were observed between SCD‐BrS and non SCD‐BrS in RVOT‐AT, RVOT‐EPI recovery time, and RVOT‐ARI ( P =0.9, P =0.91, P =0.86, respectively). Following AJT, SCD‐BrS patients showed higher RVOT‐AT, higher ∆RVOT‐AT, lower RVOT‐ARI, and lower ∆RVOT‐ARI ( P <0.001, P <0.001, P =0.007, P =0.002, respectively). At the univariate logistic regression, predictors of SCD‐BrS were the following: RVOT‐AT after AJT (specificity: 0.74, sensitivity 1.00, area under the curve 0.92); ∆RVOT‐AT (specificity: 0.74, sensitivity 0.92, area under the curve 0.86); RVOT‐ARI after AJT (specificity 0.96, sensitivity 0.58, area under the curve 0.79), and ∆RVOT‐ARI (specificity 0.85, sensitivity 0.67, area under the curve 0.76). Conclusions Noninvasive electrocardiographic imaging can be useful in evaluating the results of AJT in BrS.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle I. Lee ◽  
Michael Murninkas ◽  
Sigal Elyagon ◽  
Yoram Etzion ◽  
Hope D. Anderson

Introduction: Atrial fibrillation (AF) leads to rate-dependent atrial changes collectively defined as atrial remodelling (AR). Shortening of the atrial effective refractory period (AERP) and decreased conduction velocity are among the hallmarks of AR. Pharmacological strategies to inhibit AR, thereby reducing the self-perpetual nature of AF, are of great clinical value. Cannabinoid receptor (CBR) ligands may exert cardioprotective effects; CB13, a dual CBR agonist with limited brain penetration, protects cardiomyocytes from mitochondrial dysfunction induced by endothelin-1. Here, we examined the effects of CB13 on normal physiology of the rat heart and development of tachypacing-induced AR.Methods: Rat hearts were perfused in a Langendorff set-up with CB13 (1 µM) or vehicle. Hemodynamic properties of non-paced hearts were examined conventionally. In a different set of hearts, programmed stimulation protocol was performed before and after atrial tachypacing for 90 min using a mini-hook platinum quadrupole electrode inserted on the right atrium. Atrial samples were further assessed by western blot analysis.Results: CB13 had no effects on basal hemodynamic properties. However, the compound inhibited tachypacing-induced shortening of the AERP. Protein expression of PGC1α was significantly increased by CB13 compared to vehicle in paced and non-paced hearts. Phosphorylation of AMPKα at residue threonine 172 was increased suggesting upregulation of mitochondrial biogenesis. Connexin43 was downregulated by tachypacing. This effect was diminished in the presence of CB13.Conclusion: Our findings support the notion that peripheral activation of CBR may be a new treatment strategy to prevent AR in patients suffering from AF, and therefore warrants further study.


2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Ester Novelia ◽  
Ratih Indrawati ◽  
Linda Triana

Abstract: Bamboo shoot has a good nutritional value but bamboo shoot contains HCN (cyanide acid) which is a toxic compound in a form of taxiphylin glycoside in various gradients. The right bamboo shoots processing before it is been consumed is necessary, so that the bamboo shoot is safe to be consumed. One of the bamboo shoot processing that can decrease the cyanide acid level is fermentation using salt solution. The aim of this research is to fnd out about the difference on cyanide acid level on bamboo shoot before and after fermentation using salt solution 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5% for 7 days. The research design used is quasy experimental using purposive sampling with 25 samples.The determination method of cyanide acid level used was ion selective electrode. This method is based on the measurement of electrical voltage contained in destilat with ion exchange substance solid form in electrode surface made from the mixture of silver compounds inorganic conductive which is soluble in water. Based on the research the average cyanide acid level before fermentation was 96.27 mg/kg, after fermentation using salt solution 2% was 18,86 mg/kg, after fermentation using salt solution 3% was 10,71 mg/kg, after fermentation using salt solution 4% was 3,41 mg/kg and after fermentation using salt solution5% was 0,67 mg/kg. From the anava test performed, the result was p = 0,000 (p<0,005) which means there is signifcant difference of cyanide acid level on bamboo shoot before and after fermentation using salt solution 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5% for 7 days.Abstrak: Rebung memiliki nilai gizi yang cukup baik akan tetapi rebung bambu mengandung HCN (asam sianida) yang merupakan senyawa beracun dalam bentuk glikosida taxiphylin dengan tingkat yang beragam. Pengolahan rebung yang tepat sebelum dikonsumsi sangat diperlukan agar rebung aman untuk dikonsumsi. Salah satu cara pengolahan rebung yang dapat menurunkan kadar asam sianida adalah fermentasi menggunakan larutan garam.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan kadar asam sianida pada rebung sebelum dan sesudah difermentasi dengan larutan garam 2%, 3%, 4%, 5% selama 7 hari. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimen semu menggunakan purposive sampling sebanyak 25 sampel. Metode penetapan kadar asam sianida menggunakan elektroda selektif ion. Metode ini didasarkan kepada pengukuran tegangan listrik yang dihasilkan akibat terjadinya proses pertukaran anion/kation antara ion sianida yang ada dalam destilat dengan zat penukar ion bentuk padat pada permukaan elektroda yang terbuat dari campuran senyawa-senyawa perak anorganik konduktif yang bersifat sukar larut dalam air.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian rata-rata kadar asam sianida sebelum difermentasi adalah 96.27 mg/kg, sesudah difermentasi dengan larutan garam 2% adalah 18,86 mg/kg, sesudah difermentasi dengan larutan garam 3% adalah 10,71 mg/kg, sesudah difermentasi dengan larutan garam 4% adalah 3,41 mg/kg dan sesudah difermentasi dengan larutan garam 5% adalah 0,67 mg/kg. Dari uji anava didapatkan hasil p = 0,000 ( p < 0,005) berarti terdapat perbedaan kadar asam sianida pada rebung sebelum dan sesudah difermentasi dengan larutan garam 2%, 3%, 4%, 5% selama 7 hari.


Author(s):  
Brian Lund

This chapter explores housing politics in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland both before and after formal devolution. It examines the role of local authority housing in Scotland prior to devolution in relationship to Green Belts and New Towns with particular reference to Glasgow and the sectarian politics in Northern Ireland leading to the creation of the Northern Ireland Housing Executive and direct Westminster rule. Post devolution housing politics under New Labour associated with homelessness, planning, stock transfer and changes in the housing market are explored. Divergent policies between the home nations since 2010, associated with the Coalition government’s housing policies, are analysed with special reference to land, social housing, the Right to Buy, the bedroom tax, sustainable housing and the regulation of private landlords.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryo Kubota ◽  
Nabin R Joshi ◽  
Inna Samandarova ◽  
Maksud Oliva ◽  
Arkady Selenow ◽  
...  

Abstract This study assessed axial length and choroidal thickness changes following short-term peripheral myopic defocus in normal adult subjects. Twenty subjects underwent defocus sessions by viewing a full-field projected movie 4 meters away for 4 hours in the morning, while wearing spectacle lenses, corrected for distance vision in both eyes. The right eye, serving as the test eye, was peripherally defocused using a Fresnel lens overlay of + 3.50D with a central aperture of 11.5 mm, while the left eye served as the control. A subset of 10 subjects from the same cohort also underwent additional defocus sessions with + 5.00D of peripheral defocus. Axial length was measured and radial sub-foveal choroidal scans were obtained before and after the defocus sessions. The mean increase in axial length of the test eyes was 8 µm (p < 0.05) less than that of the control eyes with + 3.50D peripheral defocus condition and 14 µm (p < 0.05) less than the control eyes with + 5.00 D peripheral defocus condition. The difference in mean changes for choroidal thickness between test and control eyes were not significant for both dioptric conditions. Our results demonstrated that short-term peripheral myopic defocus significantly inhibited axial elongation in adult humans, without significant changes in choroidal thickness.


2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Tao

Objectives: To explore the clinical value of applying diabetes health education to endocrinology care. Methods: A total of 122 patients with diabetes admitted to our department from October 2016 to October 2017 were selected. After consulting patients, they were randomly divided into two groups, with 61 cases in each group. The control group performs routine care, and the experimental group provides patients with diabetes-specific health education. After three months, the compliance of the two groups of patients was compared. The ADL scores of the two groups of patients before and after treatment were compared. Results: Experimental group had significantly higher compliance rate than control group in all aspects. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The ADL scores of both groups were significantly improved. The effects before and after the care were compared. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The score of experimental group increased more significantly than that of the control group. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions: In the endocrinology care, the implementation of diabetes special health education for patients can improve patient compliance and improve patients' daily living ability, which is an ideal nursing measure. It is worth promoting.


Author(s):  
Maryam Eshghizadeh ◽  
Mahdi Basirimoghaddam ◽  
Samane Najafi ◽  
Zahra Rezvanifar ◽  
Mahdieh Atarodi ◽  
...  

Objective: Striae happen to 50–90% of pregnant women and never disappears completely. It is, therefore, a major aesthetic concern for most women, which can cause psychological distress and disturbed body image. This study was conducted to examine the effectiveness of the topical use of apple vinegar on striae gravidarum.Methods: This randomized controlled clinical trial study was conducted on 23 women referred to health centers in Gonabad city, selected according to inclusion criteria and systematic random method. The right half of the abdomen in each participant was considered as a trial group and the left half as the control. On the trial side, apple vinegar was massaged onto striae twice daily for 1 month. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, checklist of striae aesthetic change, a pair of calipers and a camera and analyzed in SPSS-20 using descriptive statistics, paired t, and Wilcoxon tests at significance level p<0.05.Results: No significant change was observed in mean length and width of striae in either trial or control sides after the intervention (p>0.05). However, on the trial side, the difference between striae length and width before and after the intervention was statistically significant (p<0.001). A significant difference was observed during intervention in the reduction in striae length and width on trial side (p<0.001).Conclusion: Topical application of apple vinegar effectively reduces the size of striae. Further and longer studies with larger sample size are recommended.


2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Tri Joko ◽  
Savitri Rachmawati

Backgorund: People in the Jatihadi village are using dug wells water which contain high iron level. The average of iron level is 2.79 mg/l. Appropriate technology tray aerator with media contacts zeolite and activated carbon is the right solution to overcome the problems of high Fe content. This study aims to analyze the difference variation the addition of contact media adsorption on tray aerator for dug wells iron level in Jatihadi village, Sumber subdistrict, Rembang regency. Method: The design of this study is pre experiment research with one group pretest posttest design.  We used Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) method to measure the iron level. Water sample volume for each aeration is 20 liters and there are 16 repetitions. The media that we used in this research is zeolite and activated carbon. Results: The result showed the average levels of iron before treatment is 2.79 mg/l, and after the first treatment down to 0.21 mg/l, after second treatment is 0.25 mg/l. Statistical analysis showed that there is no difference between variation of contact media adsorption for dug wells  iron level, but Wilcoxon analysis showed that there is a significant difference between before and after treatment for adding zeolite or activated carbon. Conclusion: The efficiency of tray aerator with the addition of zeolite is higher than addition of activated carbon.


Author(s):  
Erfaneh Afsari ◽  
Elmira Niksolat ◽  
Farzaneh Ostovar ◽  
Shaghayegh Karimi

Objectives: Pulp stone is a focal calcification in dental pulp, which is often detected on conventional dental radiographs. Pulp stones can complicate easy access to the root canal and pulp chamber in root canal treatment. Orthodontic treatment may be associated with the formation of pulp stones. Therefore, this study examined the number of pulp stones pre- and post-orthodontic treatment. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional comparative study, 222 digital panoramic radiographs collected from private orthodontic offices in Rasht, were divided into two groups: radiographs of patients undergoing orthodontic and non-orthodontic treatment according to the inclusion criteria. The obtained data were analyzed by SPSS via the Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests (P<0.05). Results: The difference in the number of pulp stones pre- and post-orthodontic treatment was significant (P<0.0001). The maximum number of pulp stones after orthodontic treatment was observed in second molars (P=0.016). The change in the number of pulp stones in the mandible (P=0.001) was significantly higher than that in the maxilla (P=0.002). This change was also greater in the left side (P<0.0001) than in the right side (P=0.002). The changes in the number of pulp stones was significant in females (P=0.02). Age had an insignificant effect on pulp stone formation (P>0.05). Conclusion: This study showed the effect of orthodontic treatment on the number of pulp stones. Further studies are required to clarify the underlying mechanisms for this increase and come up with strategies to prevent it.


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