Assessment of the Validity of the INR System for Patients with Liver Impairment

1994 ◽  
Vol 71 (06) ◽  
pp. 727-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
M J Kovacs ◽  
A Wong ◽  
K MacKinnon ◽  
K Weir ◽  
M Keeney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
Control Population ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Liver Impairment ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Level Of Significance

SummaryThe INR system was developed to standardize PT reporting in patients on oral anticoagulants. We prospectively collected blood samples from 29 patients with liver impairment (INR 1.5-3.5). Control patients were on warfarin (n = 31). PT’s were measured on an ACL-300 with three thromboplastin reagents. INR’s were calculated using instrument specific ISI’s. Other tests performed were FDP’s, fibrinogen, aPTT, factors II, V, VII and X. The INR’s for each patient in the study population using the three thromboplastin reagents were significantly different (p = 0.0001). Those for the control population were not (p = 0.0658). Fibrinogen, factors V, II and X were different at the 5% level of significance between the populations. FDP’s were detected in 17 study subjects. The INR system is not valid for comparison of patients with liver impairment because different reagents do not give the same INR for the same sample. It is, however, no less valid than the use of PT with different thromboplastin reagents. Further study is recommended.

Effect of Concentration of Trisodium Citrate Anticoagulant on Calculation of the International Normalised Ratio and the International Sensitivity Index of Thromboplastin

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (01) ◽  
pp. 084-088 ◽  
Author(s):  
E M Duncan ◽  
C R Casey ◽  
B M Duncan ◽  
J V Lloyd
Keyword(s):  
Reference Material ◽  
Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Trisodium Citrate ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Orthogonal Regression ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
International Normalised Ratio ◽  
International Sensitivity Index

SummaryThe aim of this study was to determine whether the concentration of trisodium citrate used to anticoagulate blood has an effect on the INR of the sample and the ISI of the thromboplastin. Five thromboplastins including and Australian reference material were used to measure the prothrombin time of normal and patient samples collected into two concentrations of trisodium citrate - 109 mM and 129 mM. There was no effect of citrate concentration on the INRs determined with the reference material. However for the other four thromboplastins there was a significant difference between INRs for the two citrate groups. The prothrombin times of the samples collected into 129 mM were longer than those collected into 109 mM. This difference was only slight in normal plasma but more marked in patients receiving oral anticoagulants, causing the INRs for patient plasmas collected into 129 mM citrate to be higher then the corresponding samples collected into 109 mM citrate.From orthogonal regression of log prothrombin times by the reference method against each thromboplastin, we found that the ISI for each thromboplastin was approximately 10% lower when determined with samples collected into 129 mM citrate than with samples collected into 109 mM. These results suggest that the concentration of trisodium citrate used for collection of blood samples can affect the calculation of the INR and the calibration of the ISI of thromboplastin. This was found both for commercial thromboplastins prepared by tissue extraction and for a recombinant tissue factor.

scholarly journals The Issue of Alternative Assessment on Students' Achievement from the Viewpoints of Teachers’ at Elementary Schools in Gaza

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S3) ◽  
pp. 414-418
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Elementary Schools ◽  
Alternative Assessment ◽  
Gaza Strip ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Gaza Strip ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
High Level ◽  
High Degree

This study aimed at identifying the effect of alternative assessment on academic achievement, from the viewpoint of teachers in elementary schools in Gaza. To achieve the study objectives, a questionnaire developed consisting of 21 items then reliability and validity were calculated, the study population consisted of 120 teachers. The study sample consisted of 92 teachers, selected in a stratified random method, where the total of 87 valid statistical analyzes retrieved by 94.56%. The results of the study showed: The perceptions of the members of the study sample to the alternative assessment came to a high degree, the academic achievement from teachers in the basic schools in the Gaza Strip came at the macro level at a high level, and there is a statistically significant effect at the level of significance (α<=0.05) of alternative assessment on academic achievement. In light of the results, a set of recommendations were proposed, including The Directorate of Education in the Gaza Strip should be concerned with the adoption of alternative assessment methods in its affiliated schools, because of the importance of alternative assessment in improving the level of academic achievement of students

scholarly journals Initiatives Management's Role in Improving Work Efficiency: A Field Study On Workers in Salalah Methanol Company in Dhofar Governorate

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 24-42
Author(s):  
Abubakar Ahmed Mohammed Almuallam ◽  
Mohammed Nashief S. Disomimba
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Work Efficiency ◽  
Sultanate Of Oman ◽  
Scheffe Test ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Level Of Significance

This quantitative study discussed the role of initiatives management in improving the work efficiency of the employees of the Methanol Company in the Dhofar Governorate in the Sultanate of Oman. The problem emerged that some Omani institutions suffered from administrative and economic crises as a result of fluctuations in oil prices, the absence of scientific bases adopted in the selection and appointment of people to jobs, and the absence of criteria for evaluating achievement and results. Therefore, the study aimed to; Diagnosing the level of initiatives management at the Methanol Company in the Dhofar Governorate, and the level of improving the company's work efficiency The study adopted the descriptive analytical approach, and the study population consisted of all employees of the Salalah Methanol Company in the Governorate of Dhofar, who numbered (160) employees. A random sample of (113) employees was selected according to the table of Gresty and Morgan (1970). The researcher designed a questionnaire by making use of the theoretical literature. It consisted of (48) phrases distributed in (8) axes. The following statistical methods were adopted: descriptive analysis, Pearson correlation coefficient, alpha consistency coefficient, T-test for two independent samples, one-way analysis of variance, multiple regression analysis, Scheffe test for dimensional comparisons. The research found a set of results, including: There is a direct relationship between initiatives management and improving work efficiency. There is a statistically significant effect at the level of significance (a ≤ 0.05) between managing initiatives and improving work efficiency. There were no statistically significant differences at the level of significance (a ≤ 0.05) about managing initiatives and improving work efficiency due to demographic variables.

scholarly journals Switching to Another Oral Anticoagulant and Drug Discontinuation Among Elderly Patients With Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation Treated With Different Direct Oral Anticoagulants

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 107602961987024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine L. Baker ◽  
Amol D. Dhamane ◽  
Jigar Rajpura ◽  
Jack Mardekian ◽  
Oluwaseyi Dina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Oral Anticoagulant ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
Direct Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
Drug Discontinuation ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Study Population

We compared the risks of switching to another oral anticoagulant (OAC) and discontinuation of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) among elderly patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) who were prescribed rivaroxaban or dabigatran versus apixaban. Patients (≥65 years of age) with NVAF prescribed DOACs (January 1, 2013 to September 30, 2017) were identified from the Humana research database and grouped into DOAC cohorts. Cox regression analyses were used to evaluate whether the risk for switching to another OAC or discontinuing index DOACs differed among cohorts. Of the study population (N = 38 250), 55.9% were prescribed apixaban (mean age: 78.6 years; 49.8% female), 37.3% rivaroxaban (mean age: 77.4 years; 46.7% female), and 6.8% dabigatran (mean age: 77.0 years; 44.0% female). Compared to patients prescribed apixaban, patients prescribed rivaroxaban (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.08; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.92-2.25; P < .001) or dabigatran (HR: 3.74; 95% CI, 3.35-4.18, P < .001) had a significantly higher risk of switching to another OAC during the follow-up; compared to patients prescribed apixaban, the risks of discontinuation were also higher for patients treated with rivaroxaban (HR: 1.10; 95% CI, 1.07-1.13, P < .001) or dabigatran (HR: 1.29; 95% CI, 1.23-1.35, P < .001).

scholarly journals Clinical and hematological prognostic factors in dogs with parvoviral enteritis and sepsis

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1477
Author(s):  
Fernanda dos Santos Alves ◽  
Breno Curty Barbosa ◽  
Nathalia Dorneles das Graças Coelho ◽  
Paula Costa de Oliveira Pinto ◽  
Marco Túlio Gomes Campos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Gas Analysis ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Complete Physical Examination ◽  
Level Of Significance

Parvoviral enteritis is a common viral infection in dogs and is associated with many clinical and hematological changes. Bacterial translocation is a common complication and may result in sepsis. The objective of this study is to determine the presence of clinical and hematological factors associated with the risk of death in puppies with naturally occurring parvoviral enteritis and sepsis. Twenty-four dogs with parvoviral enteritis confirmed by chromatographic immunoassay during the clinical routine of a university veterinary hospital were selected. At admission and every 24 hours until the third day of hospitalization or until death, venous blood samples were collected for complete blood count, renal and hepatic biochemistry, and lactate and magnesium measurement; arterial blood samples were collected for gas analysis. Sodium, potassium, and ionized calcium were also analyzed, and a complete physical examination was performed. The factors associated with mortality were evaluated by Cox univariate analysis at a level of significance of 5%. The increase in urea and heart rate was associated with an increase in the risk of death. In contrast, an increase in total leukocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, partial pressure of oxygen, base deficit, bicarbonate ion, and oxygen saturation were associated with a reduction in the risk of death.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Intracranial Hemorrhage Associated with Oral Anticoagulants in Spain: Trends in Anticoagulation Complications Registry – The TAC 2 Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 284-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Zapata-Wainberg ◽  
Sonia Quintas ◽  
Álvaro Ximénez-Carrillo Rico ◽  
Jaime Masjuán Vallejo ◽  
Pere Cardona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Hemorrhage ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Vitamin K Antagonists ◽  
Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
Antithrombotic Treatment ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Hemorrhage Volume ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Related Mortality

Objective: Patients receiving treatment with oral anticoagulants (OACs) are at risk of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). In this study, we describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients receiving OACs who experience ICH and compare those receiving vitamin K antagonists (ICH-VKAs) with those receiving direct OACs (ICH-DOACs). Methods: We performed a national, multicenter, descriptive, observational, retrospective study of all adult patients receiving OACs who were admitted to the neurology department with ICH over a 1-year period. The study population was divided into 2 groups (ICH-VKAs and ICH-DOACs). Epidemiological, clinical, radiological, and therapy-related variables, as well as functional outcome, were compared at 3 months. A total of 366 cases were included (331 ICH-VKAs, 35 ICH- DOACs). Results: The crude annual incidence of OAC-induced ICH was 3.8 (95% CI, 2.78–3.41) per 100,000 inhabitants/year. The mean (± SD) age was greater for ICH-DOACs (81.5 ± 8.3 vs. 77.7 ± 8.3 years; p = 0.012). The median (IQR) volume of the hemorrhage was lower for ICH-DOACs (11 [30.8] vs. 25 [50.7] mL; p = 0.03). The functional independence rate at 3 months (modified Rankin Scale, mRS < 3) was similar in both groups, although stroke-related mortality was greater in ICH-VKAs (40 vs. 72.7%; p = 0.02). The most frequently indicated poststroke antithrombotic therapy was DOACs (38.7%). Conclusion: We found that the incidence of OAC-induced ICH was greater than in previous studies. Hemorrhage volume and mortality were lower in ICH-DOACs than in ICH-VKAs. After stroke, DOACs were the most frequently indicated antithrombotic treatment.

Competitive Intelligence and Performance of Microfinance Banks (MFBs) in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Fabian Chinedu Osita ◽  
Hope Ngozi Nzewi ◽  
Chigozie Chinonso Ojimba ◽  
Chimezie Ifechukwu
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Competitive Intelligence ◽  
P Value ◽  
Strategic Intelligence ◽  
Study Population ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Level Of Significance

The sustainability issues faced by microfinance banks (MFBs) in Nigeria necessitated this study to examine the effect of competitive intelligence on performance of MFBs in Nigeria. The study adopted the use of survey research design. The study population was made up of 112 employees of 28 MFBs. Primary source of data collection was deployed (questionnaire) and reliability was done using Crombach Alpha with a reliability statistic of .899. Descriptive statistics (mean) and inferential statistics (regression analysis) at 5% level of significance was adopted for data analysis and test of the hypothesis respectively. The result revealed that strategic intelligence indeed had a statistically significant relationship with the performance of MFBs in Nigeria (r =.863; R-Square = .746; F = 284. p-value < 0.05). It was, therefore, concluded that the environment of business is increasingly becoming more dynamic by the day, hence, the need to keep an eye on it to stay relevant in business.

Peripheral blood microRNAs expression profile: A fingerprint for metastatic prostate cancer.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e22171-e22171
Author(s):  
Vanessa Medina Villaamil ◽  
Guadalupe Aparicio ◽  
Isabel Santamarina Cainzos ◽  
Francisco Gomez-Veiga ◽  
Manuel Valladares Ayerbes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Prostate Cancer ◽  
Prostate Cancer Cell ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Circulating Mirnas ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Circulating Markers ◽  
Hormone Refractory ◽  
Level Of Significance

e22171 Background: We previously have studied differentially microRNA expression levels related to hormone refractory and sensitive prostate cancer cell lines (VCap and LNCap respectively). Now, we investigated circulating miRNAs differentially expressed between metastatic prostate adenocarcinomas (mPA) and healthy controls (HC) that may serve as novel diagnostic and/or prognosis markers. Methods: Using SYBR-green-based custom microRNA RT-qPCR arrays technology (Exiqon), we compared the expression levels of miRNAs in blood samples from 18 HC and 48 mPA. Results: Among a panel of 92 candidates we found 41 underexpressed (UE) and 8 overexpressed (OE) miRNAs. The level of significance was p<0.05. Conclusions: Among the UE miRNAs are miR-203 and 129 which regulate a cohort of metastatic genes. Among the OE is miR-200a, a member of miR-200 family which directly targeted β-catenin mRNA and miR-135b which induce invasion and distant metastasis. The knowledge of miRNAs involved in mPA progression could provide us a profile that could identify patients for adjuvant therapy or even propose new target drugs to avoid disease progression or treat mPA. Our group is actively involved in the study of selected OE miRNAs for their potential as circulating markers for mPA. [Table: see text]

scholarly journals RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FINANCIAL LITERACY AND INDEBTEDNESS: A CASE OF UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI STUDENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (65) ◽  
pp. 14993-15007
Author(s):  
Morris Irungu Kariuki
Keyword(s):  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Financial Planning ◽  
Financial Education ◽  
Money Management ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Financial Decisions ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
The University

The study objective was to determine the relationship between financial literacy and indebtedness a case of University of Nairobi Students. The study used a descriptive research design. The study was based at the University of Nairobi, Mombasa Campus. The study population was 2101. The sample size was 336 students. A questionnaire was used to collect the data. SPSS was used to analyze the data. The study attained 83% response rate. Money management, financial planning and financial planning were found to correlate strongly and positively with indebtedness and also significant at 5% level of significance. Therefore, they were found to be major contributors to student indebtedness. The study therefore found that money management, financial planning and financial decisions, affect indebtedness of the students at University of Nairobi. The study concluded that financial literacy affected indebtedness of the students at University of Nairobi. The study recommended that the University of Nairobi should roll out financial education, training, advice and counseling programs targeted at its students.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document