Impacts of feeding zinc-methionine or chromium-methionine on performance, antioxidant status and physiological responses to transportation stress on lambs

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 796
Author(s):  
Soheilla Kaki Soumar ◽  
Fardin Hozhabri ◽  
Mohammad Mehdi Moeini ◽  
Zahra Nikousefat
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albumin Concentration ◽  
Road Transportation ◽  
Zinc Methionine ◽  
Transportation Stress ◽  
Chromium Methionine

Context Road transportation of farm animals is an unavoidable activity in animal husbandry, which may lead to the stress. Metabolic modifiers, such as minerals, may be an effective strategy to improve the performance and immune system of animals. Aims The present study examined the effects of chromium-methionine (Cr-Met) and zinc-methionine (Zn-Met) supplementation on animal performance and response to transportation stress. Methods Eighteen lambs (18–20 weeks of age) were randomly assigned to the following three dietary treatments for 10 weeks: (1) basal diet (control, 0.021 g/kg Zn and 0.0001 g/kg Cr); (2) basal diet with addition of 10 Cr-Met mg/kg DM (containing 1 mg/kg Cr); and (3) basal diet with addition of 500 Zn-Met mg/kg DM (containing 50 mg/kg Zn). After a 6-week supplementation period, the lambs were transported by road for 3 h. Key results Mineral supplements did not affect final bodyweight, average daily gain or feed conversion ratio. The blood cortisol and aspartate aminotransferase concentrations were increased (P < 0.05) immediately after transportation (AT1) in all groups; however, they were lower in supplemented lambs than in the control (P < 0.05). Animals fed Cr-Met or Zn-Met diets had a higher albumin concentration at AT1 than did the control group (P < 0.05). Lambs on the Zn-Met diet showed a higher blood triiodothyronine and triiodothyronine to thyroxin ratio at AT1 and at 24 h after transportation (AT2) than did lambs receiving the control diet (P < 0.05). Lambs fed the Cr-Met diet had a lower blood malondialdehyde at AT1 and AT2 than did the control lambs (P < 0.05). Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was higher in the Zn-Met-supplemented group than in other groups (P < 0.05). Supplementation with dietary Zn-Met increased serum TAC concentration in the kidney tissue compared with the control (P < 0.05), but had no effect on superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities. The Cr-Met group showed also a lower malondialdehyde concentration (P < 0.05) and higher TAC, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities in the liver tissue (P < 0.05). Conclusions Dietary supplementation with 10 mg Cr-Met/kg (1 mg Cr) in comparison to 500 mg Zn-Met/kg (50 mg Zn) improved the stress response of lambs subjected to a short-time road transportation, whereas growth performance was not affected. Implications The administration of Cr-Met or Zn-Met to diet of lambs before transportation could reduce the adverse effects of road transportation stress.

scholarly journals Effect of Supplemental Chromium, Vitamin E and Selenium on Biochemical and Physiological Parameters of Holstein Friesian Calves under Heat Stress

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Razia Sultana ◽  
A. Sarat Chandra ◽  
D.B.V. Ramana ◽  
T. Raghunandan ◽  
M. Gnana Prakash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albumin Concentration ◽  
Chromium Propionate

Background: Heat stress has been a major concern in tropical, sub-tropical and arid areas affecting the performance of farm animals. Along with vitamin E and Selenium, chromium is gaining importance in combating heat stress. Methods: Twenty-four calves of 7- 8 months old with an average body weight of 172.79±4.39 kg were distributed randomly into four dietary treatment groups (T0, T1, T2 and T3). The calves of control group (T0) were fed on basal diet i.e. total mixed ration (TMR). The basal diet of T1, T2 and T3 on per kg DM basis were supplemented vitamin E (500 IU) + selenium (0.3 mg), chromium propionate (0.5 mg) and chromium propionate (0.5 mg) + vitamin E (500 IU) + selenium (0.3 mg), respectively. Ambient air temperature and humidity were measured for calculation of THI. Blood samples were collected fortnightly and the rectal temperature (RT), respiration rate (RR) and pulse rate (PR) of all the experimental animals were recorded twice daily to study the biochemical and physiological parameters. Result: Supplementation of chromium along with vitamin E and selenium decreased significantly (P less than 0.05) the cortisol levels and increased the albumin concentration. Chromium supplemented groups (T2 and T3) showed greater (P less than 0.05) increase in mean total protein concentration. A significant reduction in RT was observed in all the supplemented groups compared to control. Whereas, the PR and RR differed significantly in T3 group compared to control.

State of the enzyme link of antioxidant protection in boys with hypoandrogenism

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
L. K. Parkhomenko ◽  
◽  
L. A. Strashok ◽  
S. I. Turchina ◽  
G. V. Kosovtsova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Free Radical Oxidation ◽  
Conjugated Dienes ◽  
Delayed Puberty ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Protection ◽  
Radical Oxidation

Recently, interest in the problem of free radical oxidation in biological membranes, which is directly related to both the normal functioning of cells and the occurrence, course and outcome of many pathological conditions, has increased again in clinical medicine. The aim was to determine the role and impact of antioxidant defense in boys with hypoandrogenism. The study involved 75 adolescents with hypoandrogenism aged 13–18 years, who underwent a complex of clinical and laboratory examinations. All patients were conducted complex of anthropometric research and determination of the degree of delayed puberty, laboratory and instrumental examination. Free radical oxidation was determined by the levels of malondialdehyde, conjugated dienes, carbonated proteins, superoxide dismutase and catalase in the serum, and restored glutathione and glutathione peroxidase in whole blood. Based on their determination, the coefficient of oxidative stress was calculated. Statistical processing of results was performed using parametric and nonparametric methods. The study of indicators of the free radical oxidation process found that adolescents with hypoandrogenism have multidirectional changes in the oxidation of proteins and lipids, namely: the level of conjugated dienes increases, the concentration of malondialdehyde remains at the level of the control group, and the level of carbonated proteins tends to decrease. As for the activity of antioxidant protection enzymes, a significant decrease in the level of glutathione peroxidase was detected, while the level of superoxide dismutase and catalase remained at the level of normative indicators. Oxidative stress accompanies and is one of the pathogenetic links in the formation or maintenance of the state of hypoandrogenism in boys. This requires the use of antioxidants, the complex of which must be selected individually.

Peripheral levels of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in youths in ultra-high risk for psychosis: a pilot study

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (03) ◽  
pp. 333-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maiara Zeni-Graiff ◽  
Adiel C. Rios ◽  
Pawan K. Maurya ◽  
Lucas B. Rizzo ◽  
Sumit Sethi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Healthy Control Group ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ultra High Risk ◽  
Healthy Control

IntroductionOxidative stress has been documented in chronic schizophrenia and in the first episode of psychosis, but there are very little data on oxidative stress prior to the disease onset.ObjectiveThis work aimed to compare serum levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in young individuals at ultra-high risk (UHR) of developing psychosis with a comparison healthy control group (HC).MethodsThirteen UHR subjects and 29 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC) were enrolled in this study. Clinical assessment included the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States (CAARMS), the Semi-Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis-I (SCID-I) or the Kiddie-SADS-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL), and the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scale. Activities of SOD and GPx were measured in serum by the spectrophotometric method using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.ResultsAfter adjusting for age and years of education, there was a significant lower activity of SOD and lower GPX activity in the UHR group compared to the healthy control group (rate ratio [RR]=0.330, 95% CI 0.187; 0.584, p<0.001 and RR=0.509, 95% CI 0.323; 0.803, p=0.004, respectively). There were also positive correlations between GAF functioning scores and GPx and SOD activities.ConclusionOur results suggest that oxidative imbalances could be present prior to the onset of full-blown psychosis, including in at-risk stages. Future studies should replicate and expand these results.

scholarly journals Glutathione peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.9) and superoxide dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1) activities in riboflavin-deficient rats infected with Plasmodium berghei malaria

1998 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Adelekan ◽  
D. I. Thurnham
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Plasmodium Berghei ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Riboflavin Deficiency ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Parasite Protein ◽  
Riboflavin Deficient ◽  
Gpx Activity ◽  
Deficient Group

Riboflavin deficiency interferes with the growth and multiplication of malaria parasites as well as the host response to malaria. The objective of the present work was to determine the effects of riboflavin deficiency on erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase (EC1.11.1.9; GPx) and superoxide dismutase (EC1.15.1.1; SOD) in rats infected withPlasmodium bergheimalaria. Riboflavin in its co-enzyme form, FAD, is required by glutathione reductase (EC1.6.4.1) to regenerate GSH and GSH is an important cellular antioxidant both in its own right and also as a substrate for the enzyme GPx. Weanling rats were deprived of riboflavin for 8 weeks before intraperitoneal injection of 1 × 106P. bergheiparasites. Control animals were weight-matched to the respective riboflavin-deficient group. At 10d post-infection, parasite counts were higher in the weight-matched control group than the riboflavin-deficient group (P= 0.004). GPx activity was higher in erythrocytes of rats parasitized withP. bergheithan comparable non-infected rats regardless of riboflavin status (P< 0.05). As mature erythrocytes do not synthesize new protein, the higher GPx activities were probably due to the presence of the parasite protein. In erythrocytes from riboflavin-deficient rats, GPx activity tended to be lower than in those rats fed on diets adequate in riboflavin (weight-matched controls) whether parasitized or not, but the difference was not significant. Neither riboflavin deficiency nor malaria had any effect on erythrocyte SOD activity. It was concluded that riboflavin deficiency has no marked effect on erythrocyte GPx or SOD activity in the rat.

scholarly journals Probucol Attenuates Cyclophosphamide-induced Oxidative Apoptosis, p53 and Bax Signal Expression in Rat Cardiac Tissues

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 308-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yousif A. Asiri
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Antioxidant Genes ◽  
Cardiac Tissues

Cyclophosphamide (CP) is a widely used drug in cancer chemotherapy and immunosuppression, which could cause toxicity of the normal cells due to its toxic metabolites. Probucol, a cholesterol-lowering drug, acts as potential inhibitor of DNA damage and shows to protect against doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy by enhancing the endogenous antioxidant system including glutathione peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase. This study examined the possible protective effects of probucol, a lipid-lowering compound with strong antioxidant properties, against CPinduced cardiotoxicity. This objective could be achieved through studying the gene expression-based on the possible protective effects of probucol against CP-induced cardiac failure in rats. Adult male Wistar albino rats were assigned into four treatment groups: Animals in the first (control) and second (probucol) groups were injected intraperitoneally with corn oil and probucol (61 mg/kg/day), respectively, for two weeks. Animals in the third (CP) and fourth (probucol plus CP) groups were injected with the same doses of corn oil and probucol (61 mg/kg/day), respectively, for one week before and one week after a single dose of CP (200 mg/kg, I.P.). The p53, Bax, Bcl2 and oxidative genes signal expression were measured by real time PCR. CP-induced cardiotoxicity was clearly observed by a significant increase in serum creatine phosphokinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) (117%), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (64%), free (69%) and esterified cholesterol (42%) and triglyceride (69%) compared to control group. In cardiac tissues, CP significantly increases the mRNA expression levels of apoptotic genes, p53 with two-fold and Bax with 1.6-fold, and decreases the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl2 with 0.5-fold. Moreover, CP caused downregulation of antioxidant genes, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase and increased the lipid peroxidation and decreased adenosine triphosphate (ATP) (40%) and ATP/ADP (44%) in cardiac tissues. Probucol pretreatment not only counteracted significantly the CP-induced increase in cardiac enzymes and apoptosis but also induced a significant increase in mRNA expression of antioxidant enzymes and improved ATP, ATP/ADP, glutathione (GSH) in cardiac tissues. In conclusion, data from the present study suggest that probucol prevents the development of CP-induced cardiotoxicity by a mechanism related, at least in part, to its ability to increase mRNA expression of antioxidant genes and to decrease apoptosis in cardiac tissues with the consequent improvement in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and energy production.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Effect of MnTE-2-PyP on Lung in Asthma Mice Model

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyudmil Terziev ◽  
Violeta Dancheva ◽  
Veneta Shopova ◽  
Galya Stavreva
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Antioxidant Defence ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Antioxidant Defence System ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Aim. To investigate the effects of MnTE-2-PyP on some markers of antioxidant defence system in asthma mice model.Material and Methods. The animals were divided into four groups: group 1, controls; group 2, injected with ovalbumin, group 3, treated with MnTE-2-PyP, and group 4, treated with ovalbumin and MnTE-2-PyP. The activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and nonprotein sulfhydryl groups content (NPSH) were determined in lung homogenate.Results. The activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase in group 2 decreased significantly as compared to control group. The decrease of the same enzymes in group 4 was lower and significant as compared to group 2. Changes in the glutathione peroxidase activity showed a similar dynamics. The NPSH groups content decreased in group 2. In group 4 this decrease was relatively lower as compared to group 2.Conclusions. The application of MnTE-2-PyP mitigated the effects of oxidative stress in asthma mice model.

Hippocampal Oxidative Stress Induced by Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Radiation and the Neuroprotective Effects of Aerobic Exercise in Rats: A Randomized Control Trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Mina Rasouli Mojez ◽  
Abbas Ali Gaeini ◽  
Siroos Choobineh ◽  
Mohsen Sheykhlouvand
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Electromagnetic Radiation ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Control Group ◽  
And Control ◽  
Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Radiation

Background: The present study determined whether 4 weeks of moderate aerobic exercise improves antioxidant capacity on the brain of rats against oxidative stress caused by radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation emitted from cell phones. Methods: Responses of malondialdehyde, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase, as well as the number of hippocampal dead cells, were examined. Male Wistar rats (10–12 wk old) were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 groups (N = 8): (1) moderate aerobic exercise (EXE) (2 × 15–30 min at 1215 m/min speed with 5 min of active recovery between sets), (2) exposure to 900/1800 MHz radiofrequency electromagnetic waves 3 hours per day (RAD), (3) EXE + RAD, and (4) exposure to an experimental phone without battery. Results: Following the exposure, the number of the hippocampal dead cells was significantly higher in group RAD compared with groups EXE, EXE + RAD, and control group. Malondialdehyde concentration in group RAD was significantly higher than that of groups EXE, EXE + RAD, and control group. Also, the activity of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase in groups EXE, EXE + RAD, and control group was significantly higher compared with those of the exposure group. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that moderate aerobic exercise enhances hippocampal antioxidant capacity against oxidative challenge in the form of radiofrequency electromagnetic waves.

Comparative effects of powder, aqueous and methanolic extracts of purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) on growth performance, antioxidant status, abdominal fat deposition and plasma lipids in broiler chickens

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmood Habibian ◽  
Ghorbanali Sadeghi ◽  
Ahmad Karimi
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dietary Treatments

This study was performed to evaluate the comparative effects of dietary supplementation of dried purslane powder (PP), purslane aqueous extract (PAE) and purslane methanolic extract (PME) on performance, antioxidant status, carcass traits and selected plasma lipid parameters in broiler chickens. In total, 420 1-day-old male broiler chicks were divided into seven treatments for 49 days as follows: control (basal diet), basal diets plus 1500 or 3000 mg/kg of PP (PP1500 and PP3000 respectively), basal diets plus 150 or 300 mg/kg of PAE (PAE150 and PAE300 respectively) and basal diets plus 150 or 300 mg/kg of PME (PME150 and PME300 respectively). During the total period of the experiment (0–49 days of the experiment), birds receiving the PP3000 diet had higher (P &lt; 0.05) bodyweight gain and a lower feed conversion ratio compared with those fed other diets. At 24 and 49 days of the experiment, birds receiving the PP3000 diet showed greater (P &lt; 0.05) plasma and liver activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and lower (P &lt; 0.05) plasma and liver levels of malondialdehyde compared with other dietary treatments. Additionally, at 24 days of the experiment, birds receiving the PP3000 diet had a greater (P &lt; 0.05) liver catalase activity than those receiving other dietary treatments. In addition, groups receiving the PP1500, PAE300 or PME300 diets showed greater (P &lt; 0.05) plasma and liver activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase, as well as lower (P &lt; 0.05) plasma and liver levels of malondialdehyde compared with the control group. At 24 days of the experiment, birds receiving the PP1500 or PP3000 diets showed greater (P &lt; 0.05) jejunal activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase than other groups. At 49 days of the experiment, birds receiving the PP3000 diet showed greater (P &lt; 0.05) jejunal activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase compared with the control group. Additionally, at both 24 and 49 days of the experiment, groups receiving the PP3000 diet had lower (P &lt; 0.05) jejunal levels of malondialdehyde compared with the control group. At 49 days of the experiment, birds receiving the PP3000 diet had a lower (P &lt; 0.05) relative weight of abdominal fat compared with those receiving the other dietary treatments. Moreover, groups that consumed the PP1500, PAE300 or PME300 diets showed lower (P &lt; 0.05) relative weights of abdominal fat compared with the control group. Groups fed PP, PAE or PME treatments showed lower (P &lt; 0.05) plasma levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and higher (P &lt; 0.05) plasma levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol than the control group at 24 and 49 days of the experiment, with the most pronounced effects observed in those receiving the PP3000 treatment. In conclusion, PP showed more beneficial effects than PAE and PME, and 3000 mg/kg was the best inclusion level of PP in broiler chicken diets.

scholarly journals Modulating Effect of Ascorbic Acid on Transport-Induced Immunosuppression in Goats

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ndazo Salka Minka ◽  
Joseph Olusegun Ayo
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
High Ambient Temperature ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sterile Water ◽  
Road Transportation ◽  
Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Hot Dry Season ◽  
Transportation Stress ◽  
Group 1

The effect of 12 h road transportation on some basic blood cells and the modulating role of ascorbic acid were investigated in 40 adult Red Sokoto goats during the hot dry season. The animals were divided into two groups, GI (experimental; ) and GII (control; ). Group 1 was administered with ascorbic acid (AA) per os at a dosage rate of 100 mg/kg body weight, while GII was given 10 mL of sterile water per goat. Forty minutes after the administration and loading, the goats were transported for 12 h. The result obtained in GII goats showed that loading, transportation, high ambient temperature (AT), and relative humidity (RH) encountered during transportation induced lymphopenia, neutrophilia, and eosinopenia, which can cause immunosuppression. In GI goats, the administration of AA prior to loading and transportation ameliorated the adverse effects of loading and transportation stress on neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and eosinopenia of the goats.

Effect of dietary magnesium supplementation in alleviating stress associated with road transportation in weaned lambs

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 219 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Pye ◽  
R. E. Doyle ◽  
M. A. Friend ◽  
M. S. Bhanugopan
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Repeated Measure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Road Transportation

Magnesium (Mg) supplementation has shown to modulate the stress responses to transport in other species. An experiment was designed to evaluate the effect of Mg for alleviating stress associated with road transportation in lambs. Two groups (n = 18 each) of 4-month old male crossbred lambs (24 ± 4.5 kg) were fed a basal diet comprising oaten hay, pellets and barley, that contained 0.17% Mg. One group was supplemented with magnesium oxide, such that dietary Mg was 0.41%. At the end of the 2-week supplementation period, the lambs were transported by road for 8 h. Blood samples were collected before supplementation, 1 h before transport, within 0.5 h post-transport, at 2 h post-transport and 5 days post-transport. Data were analysed using a repeated-measure analysis of variance and linear mixed model with treatment within time interaction. Supplementation with dietary Mg in the form of MgO increased serum Mg concentrations (1.16 mmol/L ± 0.012, compared with 1.09 mmol/L ± 0.013 in the control group; P < 0.05), but had no effect on alleviating stress during transportation. Transport resulted in a significant increase in serum cortisol, which returned to pre-transport levels 2 h after transport. The serum β-hydroxybutyrate was significantly higher 5 days after transport. The post-transport average feed intake and the average daily gain were significantly lower than pre-transport values, suggesting that the stress of transportation resulted in a decrease in feed intake post-transport, which could have implications on liveweight gain of animals after transportation.

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