The Diets of Sminthopsis Murina and Antechinus Stuartii (Marsupialia: Dasyuridae) in Sympatry.

1984 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 235 ◽  
Author(s):  
BJ Fox ◽  
E Archer
Keyword(s):  
Niche Breadth ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
Significant Component ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Species Effect ◽  
Antechinus Stuartii ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Prey Items

In its diet, S. murina is similar to other small dasyurids that have been studied, being qualitatively opportunistic in that it feeds on a wide range of the arthropod prey available to it. Quantitatively, however, S, murina ingests significantly more Scarabaeidae, Blattodea, Coleoptera, Lepidoptera and larvae, and fewer Formicidae, Orthoptera and Isopoda than are available in pitfall traps during spring-summer, and so cannot be considered opportunistic in this sense. In autumn-winter it also takes significantly more Araneida and fewer Diptera, while Lepidoptera, Orthoptera and larvae are consumed only in the proportions in which they occur. A. stuartii consumes significantly more Coleoptera, Araneida and larvae than expected during the spring-summer season. In autumn-winter, it consumes significantly more Blattodea, Orthoptera and Arthropoda as well, but significantly fewer Formicidae and Diptera. Quantitatively, the two species differ significantly in the distribution of prey items for the spring-summer diet, and also differ in the individual diet categories of Scarabaeidae and larva during winter and for Arthropoda as well, in the total diet. The diet overlap is high (0.94) and there are significant rank correlation coefficients for diet categories, indicating no difference in the order of prey items in a qualitative sense. When the diets are analysed on the basis of habitat-season groups for each 'species' (including pitfall traps), neither habitat nor season is significant, but some of the samples are quite small. The 'species' effect is significant but largely reflects a difference between the diet items available (in pitfall traps) and those actually eaten by these two dasyurids. S. murina utilizes a wider range of prey than A. stuurtii and has a greater niche breadth; however, neither species could be called a diet specialist except in the broad sense ofinsectivores. Diet does not seem to be a significant component of the strong, microhabitat-based, ecological separation of these species.

scholarly journals Multipoint investigation of the source region of storm-time chorus

2004 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 2555-2563 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Santolík ◽  
D. A. Gurnett ◽  
J. S. Pickett
Keyword(s):  
Source Region ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Radial Distance ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Separation Distance ◽  
Characteristic Scale ◽  
Whistler Mode ◽  
Power Spectral ◽  
Distribution Of Power ◽  
The Individual

Abstract. In this case study we investigate the source region of whistler-mode chorus located close to the geomagnetic equator at a radial distance of 4.4 Earth radii. We use measurements from the four Cluster spacecraft at separations of less than a few hundreds of km, recorded during the geomagnetic storm of 18 April 2002. The waveforms of the electric field fluctuations were obtained by the WBD instruments in the frequency range 50Hz-9.5kHz. Using these data, we calculate linear and rank correlation coefficients of the frequency averaged power-spectral density measured by the different spacecraft. Those coefficients have been recently shown to decrease with spacecraft separation distance perpendicular to the static magnetic field cchor03 with a characteristic scale length of 100km. We find this characteristic scale varying between 60 and 200km for different data intervals inside the source region. We examine possible explanations for the observed large scatter of the correlation coefficients, and we suggest a simultaneously acting effect of random positions of locations at which the individual chorus wave packets are generated. The statistical properties of the observations are approximately reproduced by a simple 2-D model of the source region, assuming a perpendicular half-width of 35km (approximately one wavelength of the whistler-mode waves) for the distribution of power radiated from individual active areas.

Ventricular electrophysiological properties: is interspecies variability related to thyroid state?

1987 ◽  
Vol 252 (6) ◽  
pp. H1265-H1274 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Binah ◽  
R. Arieli ◽  
R. Beck ◽  
M. R. Rosen ◽  
Y. Palti
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Potential ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Resting Membrane Potential ◽  
O2 Consumption ◽  
Thyroid State ◽  
Electrophysiological Properties ◽  
Mole Rat ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Individual

Whereas action potential (AP) duration, area, and repolarization vary considerably, ventricular AP characteristics such as resting membrane potential, AP amplitude, and maximal upstroke velocity of phase 0 depolarization appear similar in a variety of mammalian species. As it has been shown that modifications of the thyroid state are associated with alterations in ventricular electrophysiological properties, we hypothesized that some variations in transmembrane potentials among mammalian species result in part from differences in the individual thyroid states. To test this hypothesis, we used standard microelectrode techniques to study ventricular APs in the dog, mole-rat, guinea pig, rat, mouse, and shrew, which encompass a wide range of thyroid states. In these species O2 consumption ranges from 0.38 (in the shrew) to 4.05 ml O2 X g-1 X h-1 (in the dog). We found that resting membrane potential and AP amplitude, duration, and area were inversely correlated with O2 consumption. The correlation coefficients between these parameters with O2 consumption were -0.92, -0.78, -0.91, and -0.92, respectively. We further tested the hypothesis in guinea pigs in which we modified the thyroid state in opposite directions by thyroxine administration and by propylthiouracil treatment. In the hypothyroid myocardium, AP duration (cycle length = 2,000 ms) markedly increased (P less than 0.001), whereas in the hyperthyroid myocardium, resting membrane potential and AP amplitude (P less than 0.01) and duration (P less than 0.001) decreased. We conclude that interspecies variations in ventricular electrophysiological properties can be correlated with the thyroid state, which may be an important determinant of these properties.

scholarly journals Microsatellite DNA heterozygosity and weight performance in Southern meat cattle breed heifers

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-114
Author(s):  
A. S. Kramarenko ◽  
S. S. Kramarenko
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Microsatellite Loci ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Cattle Breed ◽  
The Body ◽  
Individual Genotype ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
The Individual

The purpose of this study was to determine whether heterozygosity (assessed using microsatellite genotypes) was correlated with the body weight of heifers from birth to 18 months. The study was conducted on the heifers’ herd of the Taurian intra-breed type Southern meat cattle breed at Askaniiske State Research Enterprise (Ukraine, Kherson Region). During the study, we used ten microsatellite loci recommended by International Society for Animal Genetics (ISAG) TGLA227, BM2113, TGLA53, ETH10, SPS115, TGLA122, INRA023, BM1818, ETH3 and BM1824. The heifer’s body weight was measured at birth, at weaning, and at the age 8, 12, 15 and 18 months. Individual heterozygosity estimates (for each microsatellite loci separately) and microsatellite multilocus heterozygosity (for all used loci) estimates (MLH) were used in the analysis. ANOVA was used to determine the relationship of the dependent effects (body weight at different ages) to single locus heterozygosity using two classes: 0 (for homozygous individuals) and 1 (for heterozygous individuals). In addition, the following indicators were calculated for each genotype: the squared distances (d2) between the length of both alleles within the individual genotype for each microsatellite loci, as well as the mean squared distance (multilocus d2) between the lengths of both alleles within the individual genotype for ten microsatellite loci. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients were used to measure the association between d2 scores (for each microsatellite loci) and body weight at different ages. The influence of different grades of estimates of MLH and mean d2 classes was also assessed based on ANOVA. Heterozygosity at locus BM2113 was significantly (P < 0.01) associated with heifer’s body weight at the age of 15 months and heterozygosity at locus BM1818 was significantly (P < 0.05) associated with heifer’s body weight at the age of 8 months. Significant Spearman’s rank correlations (P < 0.01...0.05) were also observed between the body weight and d2 score for four microsatellite loci BM2113, SPS115, ETH3 and BM1824. Individual mean heterozygosity estimates for 10 microsatellite loci and mean d2 estimates were weakly associated with weight performance in Southern meat cattle breed heifers.

Seasonal variation in the diet of Long-eared Owl, Asio otus, in the desert of Northwest China

2010 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nai-fa Liu ◽  
Jian-You Zhao ◽  
Wei Zhao ◽  
Ming-qin Shao ◽  
Sen Song
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Gansu Province ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Prey Biomass ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Prey Items

AbstractRegurgitated pellets (n = 584) of Long-eared Owl (Asio otus) were collected for three seasons from Gansu Endangered Animal Research Center, Gansu Province, China. From these pellets, a total of 1011 individual prey items – representing seven species of rodents and two undetermined species of birds and one undetermined sorex-species – were identified. Long-eared Owls depend mainly on small mammals both based on prey numbers (95.5%) and prey biomass (97.0%). The composition of the diet of Long-eared Owls varied significantly among seasons by frequency and by biomass. The individual species groups indicated significant variation among seasons for Mus musculus, Meriones meridianus, Cricetulus barabensis, Phodopus roborovskii, Dipus sagitta and Rattus norvegicus by biomass. And the difference of seasonal variation of prey items were significant but not for Mus musculus by frequency. Based on prey numbers, Mus musculus was the main food item (50.5%) in its diet; this species was most common in autumn (56.9%) and least common during spring (36.7%). Main prey species, based on prey biomass, was Rattus norvrgicus which comprised 27.5% of total biomass from our pellet samples. The mean length of tibias of mammals in pellets of Long-eared Owls was 18.6 ± 5.4 mm. Long-eared Owls utilize a wide range of prey items in respect to their habitats. Results suggest that Long-eared Owls are selective predators at some levels.

THE VALUE OF LOVE IN THE SYSTEM OF FORMATION OF THE PROFESSIONAL MATURITY OF THE EDUCATOR

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (10(79)) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
G. Bubyreva
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
The State ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right

The existing legislation determines the education as "an integral and focused process of teaching and upbringing, which represents a socially important value and shall be implemented so as to meet the interests of the individual, the family, the society and the state". However, even in this part, the meaning of the notion ‘socially significant benefit is not specified and allows for a wide range of interpretation [2]. Yet the more inconcrete is the answer to the question – "who and how should determine the interests of the individual, the family and even the state?" The national doctrine of education in the Russian Federation, which determined the goals of teaching and upbringing, the ways to attain them by means of the state policy regulating the field of education, the target achievements of the development of the educational system for the period up to 2025, approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of October 4, 2000 #751, was abrogated by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of March 29, 2014 #245 [7]. The new doctrine has not been developed so far. The RAE Academician A.B. Khutorsky believes that the absence of the national doctrine of education presents a threat to national security and a violation of the right of citizens to quality education. Accordingly, the teacher has to solve the problem of achieving the harmony of interests of the individual, the family, the society and the government on their own, which, however, judging by the officially published results, is the task that exceeds the abilities of the participants of the educational process.  The particular concern about the results of the patriotic upbringing served as a basis for the legislative initiative of the RF President V. V. Putin, who introduced the project of an amendment to the Law of RF "About Education of the Russian Federation" to the State Duma in 2020, regarding the quality of patriotic upbringing [3]. Patriotism, considered by the President of RF V. V. Putin as the only possible idea to unite the nation is "THE FEELING OF LOVE OF THE MOTHERLAND" and the readiness for every sacrifice and heroic deed for the sake of the interests of your Motherland. However, the practicing educators experience shortfalls in efficient methodologies of patriotic upbringing, which should let them bring up citizens, loving their Motherland more than themselves. The article is dedicated to solution to this problem based on the Value-sense paradigm of upbringing educational dynasty of the Kurbatovs [15].

Punk as Folk: Continuities and Tensions in the UK and Beyond

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pete Dale
Keyword(s):  
Folk Music ◽  
Music Making ◽  
Collective Creativity ◽  
Living Tradition ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Uk

Numerous claims have been made by a wide range of commentators that punk is somehow “a folk music” of some kind. Doubtless there are several continuities. Indeed, both tend to encourage amateur music-making, both often have affiliations with the Left, and both emerge at least partly from a collective/anti-competitive approach to music-making. However, there are also significant tensions between punk and folk as ideas/ideals and as applied in practice. Most obviously, punk makes claims to a “year zero” creativity (despite inevitably offering re-presentation of at least some existing elements in every instance), whereas folk music is supposed to carry forward a tradition (which, thankfully, is more recognized in recent decades as a subject-to-change “living tradition” than was the case in folk’s more purist periods). Politically, meanwhile, postwar folk has tended more toward a socialist and/or Marxist orientation, both in the US and UK, whereas punk has at least rhetorically claimed to be in favor of “anarchy” (in the UK, in particular). Collective creativity and competitive tendencies also differ between the two (perceived) genre areas. Although the folk scene’s “floor singer” tradition offers a dispersal of expressive opportunity comparable in some ways to the “anyone can do it” idea that gets associated with punk, the creative expectation of the individual within the group differs between the two. Punk has some similarities to folk, then, but there are tensions, too, and these are well worth examining if one is serious about testing out the common claim, in both folk and punk, that “anyone can do it.”

scholarly journals A Preliminary Study on Dependence of Mercury Distribution on the Degree of Coalification in Ningwu Coalfield, Shanxi, China

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3119
Author(s):  
Yinjiao Su ◽  
Xuan Liu ◽  
Yang Teng ◽  
Kai Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Linear Correlation ◽  
Bituminous Coal ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Chemical Extraction ◽  
Mercury Distribution ◽  
Sequential Chemical Extraction ◽  
Average Proportion ◽  
Total Proportion ◽  
The Relationship

Mercury (Hg) is a toxic trace element emitted from coal conversion and utilization. Samples with different coal ranks and gangue from Ningwu Coalfield are selected and investigated in this study. For understanding dependence of mercury distribution characteristics on coalification degree, Pearson regression analysis coupled with Spearman rank correlation is employed to explore the relationship between mercury and sulfur, mercury and ash in coal, and sequential chemical extraction method is adopted to recognize the Hg speciation in the samples of coal and gangue. The measured results show that Hg is positively related to total sulfur content in coal and the affinity of Hg to different sulfur forms varies with the coalification degree. Organic sulfur has the biggest impact on Hg in peat, which becomes weak with increasing the coalification degree from lignite to bituminous coal. Sulfate sulfur is only related to Hg in peat or lignite as little content in coal. However, the Pearson linear correlation coefficients of Hg and pyritic sulfur are relatively high with 0.479 for lignite, 0.709 for sub-bituminous coal and 0.887 for bituminous coal. Hg is also related to ash content in coal, whose Pearson linear correlation coefficients are 0.504, 0.774 and 0.827 respectively, in lignite, sub-bituminous coal and bituminous coal. Furthermore, Hg distribution is directly depended on own speciation in coal. The total proportion of F2 + F3 + F4 is increased from 41.5% in peat to 87.4% in bituminous coal, but the average proportion of F5 is decreased from 56.8% in peat to 12.4% in bituminous coal. The above findings imply that both Hg and sulfur enrich in coal largely due to the migration from organic state to inorganic state with the increase of coalification degree in Ningwu Coalfield.

scholarly journals The OsERF115/AP2EREBP110 Transcription Factor Is Involved in the Multiple Stress Tolerance to Heat and Drought in Rice Plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 7181
Author(s):  
Seong-Im Park ◽  
Hyeok Jin Kwon ◽  
Mi Hyeon Cho ◽  
Ji Sun Song ◽  
Beom-Gi Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Transcriptional Activation ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Hormone Signaling ◽  
Combined Stress ◽  
Drought Treatment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Multiple Stress Tolerance

The AP2/EREBP family transcription factors play important roles in a wide range of stress tolerance and hormone signaling. In this study, a heat-inducible rice ERF gene was isolated and functionally characterized. The OsERF115/AP2EREBP110 was categorized to Group-IIIc of the rice AP2/EREBP family and strongly induced by heat and drought treatment. The OsERF115/AP2EREBP110 protein targeted to nuclei and suppressed the ABA-induced transcriptional activation of Rab16A promoter in rice protoplasts. Overexpression of OsERF115/AP2EREBP110 enhanced thermotolerance of seeds and vegetative growth stage plants. The OsERF115/AP2EREBP110 overexpressing (OE) plants exhibited higher proline level and increased expression of a proline biosynthesis P5CS1 gene. Phenotyping of water use dynamics of the individual plant indicates that the OsERF115/AP2EREBP110-OE plant exhibited better water saving traits under heat and drought combined stress. Our combined results suggest the potential use of OsERF115/AP2EREBP110 as a candidate gene for genetic engineering approaches to develop heat and drought stress-tolerant crops.

scholarly journals Entangling Lattice-Trapped Bosons with a Free Impurity: Impact on Stationary and Dynamical Properties

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 290
Author(s):  
Maxim Pyzh ◽  
Kevin Keiler ◽  
Simeon I. Mistakidis ◽  
Peter Schmelcher
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Many Body ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Entropy Measures ◽  
Particle Level ◽  
The Many ◽  
The One ◽  
Tunneling Dynamics ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Trapped Bosons

We address the interplay of few lattice trapped bosons interacting with an impurity atom in a box potential. For the ground state, a classification is performed based on the fidelity allowing to quantify the susceptibility of the composite system to structural changes due to the intercomponent coupling. We analyze the overall response at the many-body level and contrast it to the single-particle level. By inspecting different entropy measures we capture the degree of entanglement and intraspecies correlations for a wide range of intra- and intercomponent interactions and lattice depths. We also spatially resolve the imprint of the entanglement on the one- and two-body density distributions showcasing that it accelerates the phase separation process or acts against spatial localization for repulsive and attractive intercomponent interactions, respectively. The many-body effects on the tunneling dynamics of the individual components, resulting from their counterflow, are also discussed. The tunneling period of the impurity is very sensitive to the value of the impurity-medium coupling due to its effective dressing by the few-body medium. Our work provides implications for engineering localized structures in correlated impurity settings using species selective optical potentials.

scholarly journals Insights to enhance the examination of tool marks in human cartilage

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Weber ◽  
Anja Niehoff ◽  
Markus A. Rothschild
Keyword(s):  
Light Microscope ◽  
Cross Correlation ◽  
Costal Cartilage ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Human Cartilage ◽  
Cut Marks ◽  
Tool Marks ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Cleaning Methods ◽  
The Individual

AbstractThis work deals with the examination of tool marks in human cartilage. We compared the effectiveness of several cleaning methods on cut marks in porcine cartilage. The method cleaning by multiple casts achieved the significantly highest scores (P = 0.02). Furthermore, we examined the grain-like elevations (dots) located on casts of cut cartilage. The results of this study suggest that the casting material forms these dots when penetrating cartilage cavities, which are areas where the strong collagen fibres leave space for the chondrocytes. We performed fixation experiments to avoid this, without success. In addition, 31 casting materials were compared regarding contrast under light-microscope and 3D tool marks scanner. Under the light-microscope, brown materials achieved significantly higher values than grey (P = 0.02) or black (P = 0.00) whereas under the 3D scanner, black materials reached higher contrast values than grey (P = 0.04) or brown (P = 0.047). To compare the accuracy and reproducibility of 6 test materials for cartilage, we used 10 knives to create cut marks that were subsequently scanned. During the alignment of the individual signals of each mark, the cross-correlation coefficients (Xmax) and lags (LXmax) were calculated. The signals of the marks in agarose were aligned with significantly fewer lags and achieved significantly higher cross-correlation coefficients compared to all tested materials (both P = 0.00). Moreover, we determined the cross-correlation coefficients (XC) for known-matches (KM) per material. Agarose achieved significantly higher values than AccuTrans®, Clear Ballistics™, and gelatine (all P = 0.00). The results of this work provide valuable insights for the forensic investigation of marks in human costal cartilage.

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