A Method of Language Sampling

1993 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Rijkhoff ◽  
Dik Bakker ◽  
Kees Hengeveld ◽  
Peter Kahrel
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Internal Structure ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Sampling Strategy ◽  
Language Sampling ◽  
The World ◽  
Adequate Sampling

In recent years more attention is being paid to the quality of language samples in typological work. Without an adequate sampling strategy, samples may suffer from various kinds of bias. In this article we propose a sampling method in which the genetic criterion is taken as the most important: samples created with this method will reflect optimally the diversity of the languages of the world. On the basis of the internal structure of each genetic language tree a measure is computed that reflects the linguistic diversity in the language families represented by these trees. This measure is used to determine how many languages from each phylum should be selected, given any required sample size.

scholarly journals The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic and Lockdown Measures on Quality of Life among Italian General Population

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Stella Epifanio ◽  
Federica Andrei ◽  
Giacomo Mancini ◽  
Francesca Agostini ◽  
Marco Andrea Piombo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Sampling Strategy ◽  
World Health ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
World Health Organization Quality ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

The COVID-19 pandemic that has hit the world in the year 2020 has put a strain on our ability to cope with events and revolutionized our daily habits. On 9 March, Italy was forced to lockdown to prevent the spread of the infection, with measures including the mandatory closure of schools and nonessential activities, travel restrictions, and the obligation to spend entire weeks in the same physical space. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown measures on quality of life (QoL) in a large Italian sample, in order to investigate possible differences in QoL levels related to both demographic and pandemic-specific variables. A total of 2251 Italian adults (1665 women, mainly young and middle adults) were recruited via a snowball sampling strategy. Participants were requested to answer to an online survey, which included demographic and COVID-related information items, and the World Health Organization Quality of Life BREF questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF). The results showed statistically significant differences in QoL depending on a number of variables, including sex, area of residence in Italy, and being diagnosed with a medical/psychiatric condition. To our knowledge, this is the first study to assess QoL during COVID-19 pandemic in Italy, therefore the present findings can offer guidelines regarding which social groups are more vulnerable of a decline in QoL and would benefit of psychological interventions.

scholarly journals The influence of knowledge sharing and competence on academic performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 928-938
Author(s):  
Rasto Rasto ◽  
Sambas Ali Muhidin ◽  
Fahmi Jahidah Islamy ◽  
Dini Handayani
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Causal Relationship ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Academic Competence ◽  
Probability Sampling ◽  
The World

This study goals to conclude the results of knowledge sharing and academic competence. The results obtained in this research aid as a orientation for stakeholders in the world of education to improve academic performance through knowledge sharing and competence so that the quality of learning increases. Questionnaires were distributed to 100 PTN students in Bandung in 2020. Sampling was carried out by using probability sampling method, this study uses path analysis. This analysis is used to define the causal relationship among variables sharing knowledge, competence and direct academic performance. and indirect influence. The results presented that there were indications of a affirmative and significant relationship among knowledge sharing and competence, knowledge sharing and academic performance, but there was a affirmative but not significant relationship between knowledge sharing through competence on academic performance.           Keywords: Knowledge sharing, competence, academic performance

scholarly journals PENGARUH KREDIBILITAS ENDORSER TERHADAP MINAT BELI DENGAN TIGA TIPE KONSUMEN PADA INDUSTRI BUSANA MUSLIMAH

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 579
Author(s):  
Ayu Ningsetya Mardika Riskhi ◽  
Jono M Munandar ◽  
Mukhamad Najib
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Female Students ◽  
The Other ◽  
Total Sample Size ◽  
Brand Credibility ◽  
The World ◽  
Endorser Credibility

Endorser credibility is one of factors which influence muslim fashion development. In the other hand, it is the challenge for Indonesia is to be a centre of muslim fashion in the world. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of endorser credibility on purchase intention with three types consumers. A technique of sampling method in this research was quota purposive sampling. Total sample size was 225 respondents from each 75 housewives, 75 employees, and 75 female students. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistic and SEM with PLS Approach. The results of this study shows that the credibility endorser have significant effect on purchase intention to female students. While the brand credibility and advertising credibility partially have no significant effect on purchase intention. On the type consumer housewives and employees partially have no significant effect on purchase intention. Simultaneously, advertising credibility and brand credibility affect significantly on purchase intention

scholarly journals An Empirical Research on Influence of Quality in Product Purchase

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 3372-3374
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Company Reputation ◽  
Convenience Sampling ◽  
A Company

Customers perceive that quality is a significant property in products and providers perceive that quality can be a significant differentiator between their own contributions and those contenders. The main objective of the study if to identify whether the quality has bearing on purchase of products and reputation of the company. The data for the study is collected through the primary and secondary sources. . Questionnaire is used as the primary data collection and the article, journals, reports, newsletter are considered as the secondary sources .Convenience sampling method is used and the sample size is 926. The data collected are analyzed using SPSS. From analysis, it was found that quality plays a key role in product purchase and also maintaining company reputation. Also, it is found that there is a significant difference between the reputation of a company depends on the quality of the product and the educational qualification and there is a significant association between the person who is responsible for the defect of quality and age. Thus, quality products make a significant commitment to long haul income and benefit

scholarly journals Investigating the Impact of Covid19 on Vulnerability to Various Jobs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narjes Hosseini
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Sampling Methods ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
The World ◽  
Descriptive Survey ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: At the beginning of 2020, the end of the solar year 1398 and the middle of 1441, the world was faced with an unknown and uninvited virus called "Covid 19". No medicine has been made to fight this virus yet, so the best way to fight this virus Prevention of infection. Due to the spread of the disease, stopping businesses has damaged the country's economy and morale.Methods: The present research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey research in terms of method. Among the possible sampling methods, a simple random sampling method has been used and in determining the sample size using Cochran's formula, according to the researcher, the sample size is 210 citizens. In this study, the data were collected through questionnaires distributed among the statistical population, the validity of which has already been confirmed by experts and its reliability experts through Cronbach's alpha test with "0.80" percent.Results: Research shows that law enforcement and physicians have been at high risk for viruses and drivers, workers and hoteliers in terms of economic harm. Therefore, the authorities must plan and manage this crisis with optimal solutions, both at this time and in the unintended future conditions that the country may face, such as this virus, in order to minimize the risk to the nation.Conclusions: The Covid 19 virus is the most dreaded virus in the world, killing not only many people, but also disrupting their lives in various economic, social and security dimensions, and destroying the human environment. This period is not weak, but it is expanding, and if it is not controlled, it will pose significant and dangerous social harms to society.

Influence of technology parameters of free-cutting steel continuous casting on the billet internal structure

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-142
Author(s):  
A. T. Kunakbaeva ◽  
A. M. Stolyarov ◽  
M. V. Potapova
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Continuous Casting ◽  
Internal Structure ◽  
Sulfur Content ◽  
Manganese Content ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Correlation And Regression Analysis ◽  
Cutting Steel ◽  
Continuously Cast

Free-cutting steel gains specific working properties thanks to the high content of sulfur and phosphorus. These elements, especially sulfur, have a rather high tendency to segregation. Therefore, segregation defects in free-cutting steel continuously cast billets can be significantly developed. The aim of the work was to study the influence of the chemical composition of freecutting steel and casting technological parameters on the quality of the macrostructure of continuously cast billets. A metallographic assessment of the internal structure of cast metal made of free-cutting steel and data processing by application of correlation and regression analysis were the research methods. The array of production data of 43 heats of free-cutting steel of grade A12 was studied. Steel casting on a five-strand radial type continuous casting machine was carried out by various methods of metal pouring from tundish into the molds. Metal of 19 heats was poured with an open stream, and 24 heats – by a closed stream through submerged nozzles with a vertical hole. High-quality billets had a cross-sectional size of 150×150 mm. The macrostructure of high-quality square billets made of free-cutting steel of A12 grade is characterized by the presence of central porosity, axial segregation and peripheral point contamination, the degree of development of which was in the range from 1.5 to 2.0 points, segregation cracks and strips – about 1.0 points. In the course of casting with an open stream, almost all of these defects are more developed comparing with the casting by a closed stream. As a result of correlation and regression analysis, linear dependences of the development degree of segregation cracks and strips both axial and angular on the sulfur content in steel and on the ratio of manganese content to sulfur content were established. The degree of these defects development increases with growing of sulfur content in steel of A12 grade. These defects had especially strong development when sulfur content in steel was of more than 0.10%. To improve the quality of cast metal, it is necessary to have the ratio of the manganese content to the sulfur content in the metal more than eight.

Consumption Emotions and Consumer Values among Turkish Consumers during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-160
Author(s):  
Nevin Karabiyik Yerden
Keyword(s):  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Significant Positive Effect ◽  
Consumption Emotions ◽  
The World ◽  
Consumer Values ◽  
Convenience Sampling ◽  
Business Structures ◽  
Consumer Lifestyles ◽  
Positive Effect

The COVID 19 pandemic created economic havoc around the world. Along with healthcare challenges, the pandemic has also been changing consumer lifestyles. It affects business structures and service delivery too. This article draws on an investigation of the effect of consumption emotions of Turkish consumers on consumer values during the COVID 19 Pandemic. A convenience sampling method was adopted in the study and a questionnaire survey was administered to collect 390 consumer cases. The results show that the consumption emotions of Turkish consumers during the COVID 19 Pandemichad a significant positive effect on consumer values. It was found that Turkish consumers were to feel anxiety, calmness and hope more often than not during the pandemic.

Correction of functional constipation in patients with limited mobility after stroke

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 53-55
Author(s):  
M. S. Turchina ◽  
M. V. Bukreeva ◽  
L. Yu. Korolyova ◽  
Zh. E. Annenkova ◽  
L. G. Polyakov
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Chronic Constipation ◽  
Functional Constipation ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Medical Rehabilitation ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Limited Mobility ◽  
Complete Restoration ◽  
The World

Currently, the problem of early rehabilitation of stroke patients is important, since in terms of the prevalence of cerebrovascular diseases and disability after suffering a stroke, Russia is one of the first places in the world. The complex of medical rehabilitation of such patients should provide for the early and most complete restoration of all body functions, patient education for lost skills, re-socialization of the patient and improvement of the quality of life. One of the factors contributing to a significant reduction in the quality of life after a stroke is the development of chronic constipation. The article reflects the modern methods of correction of chronic constipation in patients with limited mobility.

HASTANELERİN HİZMET KALİTESİNİN HASTA TATMİN ÖLÇEĞİ İLE ÖLÇÜLMESİ: KARABÜK DEVLET HASTANESİNDE YATAN HASTALAR ÜZERİNDE BİR ARAŞTIRMA THE MEASUREMENT SERVICE QUALITY OF THE HOSPITALS BY THE PATIENT SCALE: A RESEARCH ON THE PATIENTS IN KARABUK STATE HOSP

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Selçuk Yurtsever
Keyword(s):  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
State Hospital ◽  
Continuous Change ◽  
Satisfaction Scale ◽  
The World ◽  
Main Factors

It has been known that both in the world and in Turkey a continuous change has been experienced in the provision of health services in recent years. In this sense by adopting the customer(client) focused approach of either public or private sector hospitals; it has been seen that they are in the struggle for presenting a right, fast, trustuble, comfy service. The purpose of this research is to measure the satisfaction degree, expectations and perceptions of the patients in Karabük State Hospital through comparison. In this context, the patient satisfaction scale which has been developed as a result of literature review has been used and by this scale it has been tried to measure the satisfaction levels of the patients in terms of material and human factors which are the two main factors of the service that was presented. In the study, with the scales of Servqual and 0-100 Points together, in the part of the analysis MANOVA have been used. The expectations and the perceptions of the patient has been compared first by generally and then by separating to different groups according to the various criterias and in thisway it has been tried to be measured their satisfaction levels. According to the results that were obtained, although, the satisfaction levels of the patients who have taken service from Karabük State Hospital are high in terms of thedoctors and the nurses; it has been reached to the result that their satisfaction levels are low in terms of the materials that have been used at the presenting of the service and the management.

Strategies for mitigating burnout among early career doctors in Nigeria: lessons learnt from the qualitative CHARTING study

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oladimeji Adebayo ◽  
Kehinde Kanmodi ◽  
Olusegun Olaopa ◽  
Omotayo Francis Fagbule ◽  
Iyanu Adufe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Psychosocial Problems ◽  
Early Career ◽  
Leadership Positions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Psychological Review ◽  
Psychological Issues ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Stakeholder Dialog

AbstractBackgroundEarly career doctors (ECDs) are faced with many challenges due to their transition from undergraduate medical/dental studentship to being postgraduate doctors and being in an early phase of their career. The specific factors that affect ECDs in their careers and endeavors at the workplace range from poor remuneration, particularly in developing countries, to psychosocial problems (such as burnout [BO] syndrome). There is a dearth of information on BO among ECDs in Nigeria. This qualitative study aims to explore the opinions of ECDs in Nigeria on the causal/predisposing factors of BO, effects of BO, and strategies for mitigating BO among ECDs in Nigeria.MethodUsing purposive sampling method, two sessions of focus group discussions (FGDs) involving 14 ECDs (key informants) holding key leadership positions and who were delegates of other ECDs in Nigeria were conducted to explore their experiences on psychological issues among ECDs. Data collected were transcribed and analyzed thematically.ResultsBO is an issue of serious concern among ECDs in Nigeria. The causes of BO are diverse, some of which include low staff strength, prolonged work hours, wrong counseling, lack of job description and specification, and abuse of powers by trainers. In order to mitigate the issue of BO among ECDs, the respondents recommended that work policy review, medical workforce strengthening, stakeholder dialog on ECDs’ welfare, regular psychological review of ECDs, and provision of free yearly medicals need to be looked into. Conclusion: Our findings revealed that the participants considered BO issues among ECDs to be common, and it affected their performance and the overall quality of care in Nigeria health system. Based on our findings, there is an urgent need to mitigate the problem of emotional exhaustion among ECDs in Nigeria.

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