scholarly journals Question Answering Systems for Covid-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 2062 (1) ◽  
pp. 012027
Author(s):  
Poonam Gupta ◽  
Ruchi Garg ◽  
Amandeep Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Question Answering ◽  
Exact Match ◽  
Average Precision ◽  
Efficient Manner ◽  
Open Research ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Need To Evaluate ◽  
Question Answering Systems ◽  
Semantic Search Engine

Abstract In the present scenario COVID-19 pandemic has ruined the entire world. This situation motivates the researchers to resolve the query raised by the people around the world in an efficient manner. However, less number of resources available in order to gain the information and knowledge about COVID-19 arises a need to evaluate the existing Question Answering (QA) systems on COVID-19. In this paper, we compare the various QA systems available in order to answer the questions raised by the people like doctors, medical researchers etc. related to corona virus. QA systems process the queries submitted in natural language to find the best relevant answer among all the candidate answers for the COVID-19 related questions. These systems utilize the text mining and information retrieval on COVID-19 literature. This paper describes the survey of QA systems-CovidQA, CAiRE (Center for Artificial Intelligence Research)-COVID system, CO-search semantic search engine, COVIDASK, RECORD (Research Engine for COVID Open Research Dataset) available for COVID-19. All these QA systems are also compared in terms of their significant parameters-like Precision at rank 1 (P@1), Recall at rank 3(R@3), Mean Reciprocal Rank(MRR), F1-Score, Exact Match(EM), Mean Average Precision, Score metric etc.; on which efficiency of these systems relies.

scholarly journals Mitigating Biases in CORD-19 for Analyzing COVID-19 Literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anshul Kanakia ◽  
Kuansan Wang ◽  
Yuxiao Dong ◽  
Boya Xie ◽  
Kyle Lo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Question Answering ◽  
Technology Policy ◽  
Citation Network ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
Document Collections ◽  
White House ◽  
Scale Free ◽  
Open Research ◽  
Question Answering Systems

On the behest of the Office of Science and Technology Policy in the White House, six institutions, including ours, have created an open research dataset called COVID-19 Research Dataset (CORD-19) to facilitate the development of question-answering systems that can assist researchers in finding relevant research on COVID-19. As of May 27, 2020, CORD-19 includes more than 100,000 open access publications from major publishers and PubMed as well as preprint articles deposited into medRxiv, bioRxiv, and arXiv. Recent years, however, have also seen question-answering and other machine learning systems exhibit harmful behaviors to humans due to biases in the training data. It is imperative and only ethical for modern scientists to be vigilant in inspecting and be prepared to mitigate the potential biases when working with any datasets. This article describes a framework to examine biases in scientific document collections like CORD-19 by comparing their properties with those derived from the citation behaviors of the entire scientific community. In total, three expanded sets are created for the analyses: 1) the enclosure set CORD-19E composed of CORD-19 articles and their references and citations, mirroring the methodology used in the renowned “A Century of Physics” analysis; 2) the full closure graph CORD-19C that recursively includes references starting with CORD-19; and 3) the inflection closure CORD-19I, that is, a much smaller subset of CORD-19C but already appropriate for statistical analysis based on the theory of the scale-free nature of the citation network. Taken together, all these expanded datasets show much smoother trends when used to analyze global COVID-19 research. The results suggest that while CORD-19 exhibits a strong tilt toward recent and topically focused articles, the knowledge being explored to attack the pandemic encompasses a much longer time span and is very interdisciplinary. A question-answering system with such expanded scope of knowledge may perform better in understanding the literature and answering related questions. However, while CORD-19 appears to have topical coverage biases compared to the expanded sets, the collaboration patterns, especially in terms of team sizes and geographical distributions, are captured very well already in CORD-19 as the raw statistics and trends agree with those from larger datasets.

scholarly journals Deep Learning-Based Question Answering System for Intelligent Humanoid Robot

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Widodo Budiharto ◽  
Vincent Andreas ◽  
Alexander Agung Santoso Gunawan
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Humanoid Robot ◽  
Question Answering ◽  
Training Dataset ◽  
Learning Approach ◽  
Exact Match ◽  
Learning Capability ◽  
Question Answering Systems ◽  
Self Learning

Abstract The development of intelligent Humanoid Robot focuses on question answering systems to be able to interact with people is very rare. In this research, we would like to propose a Humanoid Robot with the self-learning capability for accepting and giving a response from people based on Deep Learning and big data from the internet. This kind of robot can be used widely in hotels, universities and public services. The Humanoid Robot should consider the style of questions and conclude the answer through conversation between robot and user. In our scenario, the robot will detect the user’s face and accept commands from the user to do an action, where the question from the user will be processed using deep learning, and the result will be compared with knowledge on the system. We proposed our deep learning approach, based on use GRU/LSTM, CNN and BiDAF with big data SQuAD as training dataset. Our experiment indicates that using GRU/LSTM encoder with BiDAF gives higher Exact Match and F1 Score, than CNN with the BiDAF model.

Universal Values and Muslim Democracy

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Anwar Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Muslim World ◽  
World Today ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Universal Values ◽  
Human Desire ◽  
Dignified Life

This study deals with Universal Values and Muslim Democracy. This essay draws upon speeches that he gave at the New York Democ- racy Forum in December 2005 and the Assembly of the World Movement for Democracy in Istanbul in April 2006. The emergence of Muslim democracies is something significant and worthy of our attention. Yet with the clear exceptions of Indonesia and Turkey, the Muslim world today is a place where autocracies and dictatorships of various shades and degrees continue their parasitic hold on the people, gnawing away at their newfound freedoms. It concludes that the human desire to be free and to lead a dignified life is universal. So is the abhorrence of despotism and oppression. These are passions that motivate not only Muslims but people from all civilizations.

Peacebuilding requirements in post-conflict societies

2020 ◽  
pp. 249
Author(s):  
Zyad Samir Al-Dabagh
Keyword(s):  
Major Obstacle ◽  
Normal Life ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
The People ◽  
The World

The process of building peace and laying its foundations within the societies of the world, especially those newly emerging from the stage of conflict, are among the important and indispensable matters. Without peace, opportunities diminish in obtaining the essentials of a safe and normal life, and without peace, societies cannot It works and advances towards a better future. However, peacebuilding operations in many societies emerging from conflict or those in which they live may face a set of challenges and obstacles that constitute a major obstacle to them, which necessitates searching for the best ways and means by which these obstacles can be addressed in order to build a real and effective peace that is reflected Positively on the people of those societies.

Covid-19 – rumours and facts in media

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 171-174
Author(s):  
Tarare Toshida ◽  
Chaple Jagruti
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
The People ◽  
The World

The covid-19 resulted in broad range of spread throughout the world in which India has also became a prey of it and in this situation the means of media is extensively inϑluencing the mentality of the people. Media always played a role of loop between society and sources of information. In this epidemic also media is playing a vital role in shaping the reaction in ϑirst place for both good and ill by providing important facts regarding symptoms of Corona virus, preventive measures against the virus and also how to deal with any suspect of disease to overcome covid-19. On the other hand, there are endless people who spread endless rumours overs social media and are adversely affecting life of people but we always count on media because they provide us with valuable answers to our questions, facts and everything in need. Media always remains on top of the line when it comes to stop the out spread of rumours which are surely dangerous kind of information for society. So on our side we should react fairly and maturely to handle the situation to keep it in the favour of humanity and help government not only to ϑight this pandemic but also the info emic.

The relevance of dietetic approach of Ayurveda from the perspective of COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 748-752
Author(s):  
Swapnali Khabade ◽  
Bharat Rathi ◽  
Renu Rathi
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Healthy Person ◽  
World Health ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Individual

A novel, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), causes severe acute respiratory syndrome and spread globally from Wuhan, China. In March 2020 the World Health Organization declared the SARS-Cov-2 virus as a COVID- 19, a global pandemic. This pandemic happened to be followed by some restrictions, and specially lockdown playing the leading role for the people to get disassociated with their personal and social schedules. And now the food is the most necessary thing to take care of. It seems the new challenge for the individual is self-isolation to maintain themselves on the health basis and fight against the pandemic situation by boosting their immunity. Food organised by proper diet may maintain the physical and mental health of the individual. Ayurveda aims to promote and preserve the health, strength and the longevity of the healthy person and to cure the disease by properly channelling with and without Ahara. In Ayurveda, diet (Ahara) is considered as one of the critical pillars of life, and Langhana plays an important role too. This article will review the relevance of dietetic approach described in Ayurveda with and without food (Asthavidhi visheshaytana & Lanhgan) during COVID-19 like a pandemic.

Awareness about Covid 19 Pandemic and its Social Impacts on Normal Human Lifestyle Among Chennai Population

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 659-666
Author(s):  
Anu Iswarya Jaisankar ◽  
Raghu Nandhakumar ◽  
Ezhilarasan D
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Economic Impacts ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Social Impacts ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Normal Human

Covid 19 pandemic is a terrible ongoing pandemic that has spread worldwide. Covid 19 Pandemic has infected more than 188 countries and territories across the globe. The basic biological processes and functional limitations that govern the development and survival of the particular behaviors of the virus continue to be elucidated. On that note, Prevention is the only cure. The World is facing a great economic turmoil. People suffer from Psychological stress and Economic burden combined. Here assessing the Psychological, Physical, Social, Financial and Economic impacts of the Pandemic on the people becomes really very important in analysing the mindset of the people and in evaluating the significance of implemented changes and in implementing new changes. The current study aims at analysing the various impacts of Covid 19 on the people residing at the Greater Chennai corporation circle.

Role of Self Help Groups A Study with Specific Reference to Vellore District

GIS Business ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 243-252
Author(s):  
Dr. M.A. Bilal Ahmed ◽  
Dr. S. Thameemul Ansari
Keyword(s):  
Leadership Role ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Government Organizations ◽  
Research Article ◽  
Self Help ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Self Help Groups

SHG is a movement which came to being in the early 1969. Prof. Muhammed Younus, a great economist of Bangladesh took initiative in setting up Self Help Groups and these SHGs were gradually spread all over the world. This social movement unites the people hailing from poor background. Those who are joining this group feel socially and economically responsible to one another. In India, there are some likeminded bodies and stakeholders of some government organizations play pivotal role towards the formation of SHG In this research article, role of SHGs in Vellore district is studies under the three dimensions of Cognitive role, leadership role and role towards entrepreneurship.

The Russian People as They Are. Turgenev’s View

2018 ◽  
pp. 71-82
Author(s):  
Sergey Nickolsky
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Philosophy Of History ◽  
Literary Genre ◽  
Classical Literature ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Natural Man ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Nature And Society ◽  
Philosophical Nature

The question of the Russian man – his past, present and future – is the central one in the philosophy of history. Unfortunately, at present this area of philosophy is not suffciently developed in Russia. Partly the reason for this situation is the lack of understanding by researchers of the role played by Russian classical literature and its philosophizing writers in historiosophy. The Hunting Sketches, a collection of short stories by I.S. Turgenev, is a work still undervalued, not fully considered not only in details but also in general meanings. And this is understandable because it is the frst systematic encyclopedia of Russian worldview, which is not envisaged by the literary genre. To a certain extent, Turgenev’s line is continued by I. Goncharov (the theme of the mind and heart), L. Tolstoy (the theme of the living and the dead, nature and society, the people and the lords), F. Dostoevsky (natural and rational rights), A. Chekhov (worthy and vulgar life). This article examines the philosophical nature of The Hunting Sketches, its structure and content. According to author’s opinion, stories can be divided into ten groups according to their dominant meanings. Thus, in The Hunting Sketches the main Russian types are depicted: “natural man,” rational, submissive, cunning, honest, sensitive, passionate, poetic, homeless, suffering, calmly accepting death, imbued with the immensity of the world. In the image and the comments of the wandering protagonist, Ivan Turgenev reveals his own philosophical credo, which he defnes as a moderate liberalism – freedom of thought and action, without prejudice to others.

نُدرة الموارد وعلاقتها بالبيئة من وجهة نظر إسلاميّة The Issue of Scarcity of Resources and Its Relationship to the Environment

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 01
Author(s):  
حسن بن إبراهيم الهنداوي (Hassan Hendawi)
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
Economic Resources ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
Modern Economy ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Scarcity Of Resources ◽  
Economic Dilemma

الملخّصإنّ الفقر والإملاق من المشكلات الرئيسة التي يواجهها العالم اليوم، ومن أسبابها ندرة الموارد الاقتصادية الشديدة وندرة الغذاء والماء. فندرة الموارد وقلتها كانت ذات أثر مباشر في قتل الملايين من الأنفس البشريّة. وتعدّ ندرة الموارد عند الاقتصاديين الخطر الأساس الذي يهدد الوجود البشري في هذا العصر. ويعتبرها الاقتصاديّون كذلك معضلة اقتصادية ناتجة عن رغبات الإنسان غير المتناهية مقابل موارد محدودة ومتناهية. ومن الأمور التي يقترحها الاقتصاديون من اجل التغلب على هذه المشكلة أن النّاسن ينبغي عليهم أن يختاروا الموارد الضرورية والحاجية لتلبية رغباتهم. فمفهوم الندرة من منظور الاقتصاد التقليدي يعني موارد محدودة في العالم مقابل حاجات ورغبات غير محدودة. وسبب ذلك عند الاقتصاديين أن الطبيعة لا توفر موارد كافية لتلبية حاجات الناس ورغباتهم غير المتناهية. ونظرة الإسلام التي يمثلها القرآن الكريم والسنة النبوية الشريفة لمسألة الندرة نظرة مختلفة تماما عن نظرة الاقتصاد التقليدي. ويعنى هذا البحث ببيان أن الندرة ليست مشكلة الطبيعة التس سخّرها الله تعالى للإنسان،  ولكن المشكلة في أخلاقيات الناس وتصرفاتهم في الموارد الطبيعية وطريقتهم في الانتفاع بها التي أدت إلى إدخال الضرر والفساد على الموارد الموجودة.الكلمات المفتاحية: الإسلام، ندرة الموارد، الاقتصاد المعاصر، الموارد الطبيعية، الطبيعة. **************************************               AbstractAmong the main problems that the world is facing today are poverty and destitution caused by severe scarcity of economic resources and the scarcity of food and water. The lack of resources has already caused the death of millions of human beings. The scarcity of resources is counted by economists as the primary danger that threatens the human existence. Economists also consider it an economic dilemma caused by infinite human desires against limited and finite resources. In order to overcome this problem among the suggestions made by economists is that human beings should choose only necessary resources to satisfy their desires. The conventional concept of scarcity is that the resources in the world are limited vis-à-vis the unlimited human needs and desires. The reason for that according to economists is that the nature does not provide sufficient resources to meet people’s endless needs and desires. Islamic approach as represented by the Holy Qur’an and the Sunnah to the issue of scarcity is essentially different from the conventional viewpoint of economists. This paper proposes and explains that the problem is not in the nature which Allah has made subservient to man, but it is in the ethics of the people and their behaviour and way of utilization of natural resources, which ultimately damage and corrupt the available resources.Keywords: Islam, Scarcity of Resources, Modern Economy, Environmental Resources, Nature.

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