scholarly journals Utilization of electric vehicles as an energy alternative to reduce carbon emissions

2021 ◽  
Vol 926 (1) ◽  
pp. 012094
Author(s):  
C Sudjoko ◽  
N A Sasongko ◽  
I Utami ◽  
A Maghfuri
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Fossil Energy ◽  
Electric Cars ◽  
Transportation Sector ◽  
Environmental Goals ◽  
Wheeled Vehicles

Abstract Energy has an important role in achieving social, economic and environmental goals, with energy being a driving force for the economy and a form of defense against the state. Because energy supports the supply of fuel, electricity and infrastructure so as to support a stable defense. The increasing needs of the community in the transportation sector and the decreasing availability of fossil energy. The Indonesian government is trying to find alternative energy as a substitute for fuel oil, namely by using electric vehicles. With the development of electric vehicles in Indonesia, it is expected to be a solution and can support the achievement of clean and environmentally friendly energy. Electric vehicles can reduce pollution and exhaust emissions due to the use of fuel oil in two or four-wheeled vehicles. In addition, using electric-fueled vehicles will certainly reduce the energy crisis and import fuel oil. In support of clean and environmentally friendly energy, Indonesia has supported the Paris Agreement policy to reduce carbon emissions in the transportation sector. The author tries to discuss the use of electric vehicles through current policies and applications and is associated with reducing carbon emissions through the use of electric cars. At the end the researcher will provide strategic recommendations related to the use and development of environmentally friendly electric vehicles to be developed in Indonesia in order to reduce carbon emissions in the transportation sector.

scholarly journals On the Issue of Regulatory Support for Passenger Electric Vehicles Operation

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 196-211
Author(s):  
M. A. Kudryashov ◽  
A. V. Prokopenkov ◽  
R. S. Ayriev
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Intermediate Stage ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Electric Transport ◽  
Electric Bus ◽  
Environmental Goals ◽  
Charging Stations

The article provides the results of an intermediate stage of research on development of a project to create infrastructure for operation of highly environmentally friendly electric vehicles. The transition to electric transport is one of the promising methods to solve the problem of emissions and achieve environmental goals. An electric bus is a relatively new type of rolling stock, requiring a balanced and objective justification for selection of certain possible options for technical, technological, economic and other aspects of organisation of its operation. To achieve the goal of developing a project to create infrastructure for operation of environmentally friendly electric vehicles, an initial analysis of legal acts, technical characteristics of electric buses and the parking and on route infrastructure approaches to organizing transportation by electric buses with various charging concepts was performed. The analysis of the concepts of charging electric bus batteries allowed to divide them into 5 classes and group into 3 groups according to charging speed. An analysis of the required infrastructure for operation of electric buses showed that conceptually there are 2 types of charging stations. The calculations and evaluation of various options for organizing operation of electric buses on a fixed route with various concepts of charging were performed. A necessary direction for further research is economic assessment of operation of electric buses with various charging concepts and the necessary transport infrastructure. The methods used include analysis, evaluation of previously performed analytical studies, legal acts and a synthesis of domestic and foreign experience.

scholarly journals FIRE EXTINGUISHING AND OTHER URGENT WORK IN ELECTRIC CARS

Fire Safety ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 54-58
Author(s):  
O. V. Lazarenko ◽  
O. D. Synelnikov ◽  
I. M. Bykov ◽  
A. S. Kuskovets
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Gradual Transition ◽  
Electric Cars ◽  
Emergency Rescue ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Fire Extinguishing ◽  
Scientific Results

The development of modern technologies simultaneously with the improvement of the conditions of human existence creates additional risks that had been solved to ensure the safety and comfortable conditions of people's stay. One of these areas of human development is the gradual transition to alternative energy sources and modes of transport, including electric vehicles. Modern versions of electric vehicles, by their tactical and technical characteristics, practically do not concede cars with engines of internal combustion, but the research shows that from the point of view of fire safety and tactics of firefighting, the batteries of electric cars require some other approaches and algorithms for carrying out of emergency rescue works. Considering the modern experience and experimental results of research on the tactics of firefighting of electric vehicles, it turned out that the normative intensity of water supply (aqueous solutions) should be increased and make not less than 1,2 l/(c·m2). An increase in the normative intensity of water supply requires the fire-extinguishing chief to ensure in advance the uninterrupted supply of the extinguishing agent to the fire brigade, necessarily installing a tanker truck on a fire hydrant or reservoir. The specificity of the extinguishing of electric cars also shows the ineffectiveness of the use of a fire-extinguishing agent of air-mechanical foam and the necessity of compulsory dismantling of the battery pack of an electric vehicle after the elimination of the fire. The main results of the work are summarized in the general list of the algorithm of actions of the fireextinguishing chief after his arrival at the place of the emergency related to the ignition of electric vehicles. Compliance by the fire-extinguishing chief of the given algorithm of action will minimize the risks for the personnel of the rescue unit and accelerate the elimination of the fire. Accordingly, to the analysis and scientific results, the future directions of scientific research should be aimed: at improving the algorithm of action and tactics of elimination the fire of electric cars, the development of technical devices for extinguishing the battery of electric cars, the development of automatic fire extinguishing of electric cars, the development of more effective fire extinguishing means for extinguishing the rechargeable battery of electric cars.

scholarly journals A Review on Communication Standards and Charging Topologies of V2G and V2H Operation Strategies

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 3748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vadi ◽  
Bayindir ◽  
Colak ◽  
Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Research Review ◽  
Power Electronic ◽  
Additional Energy ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Vehicle To Grid ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Transportation Sector

Electric vehicles are the latest form of technology developed to create an environmentally friendly transportation sector and act as an additional energy source to minimize the demand on the grid. This comprehensive research review presents the vehicle-to-grid (V2G) and the vehicle-to-home (V2H) technologies, along with their structures, components, power electronic topologies, communication standards, socket structure, and charging methods. In addition, the charging topologies in V2G and V2H are given in detail. This study is planned as a useful guide for future studies that can be achieved in that it compares the results obtained and analyzes the studies in the literature, finding the advantages and disadvantages of charging topologies in V2G and V2H.

Development of a software platform for a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle simulator

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Athanasios Karlis ◽  
Eric Bibeau ◽  
Paul Zanetel ◽  
Zelon Lye
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
Energy Mix ◽  
Electricity Use ◽  
Transportation Sector ◽  
Battery Capacity ◽  
Vehicle Simulator ◽  
Hybrid Electric

AbstractElectricity use for transportation has had limited applications because of battery storage range issues, although many recent successful demonstrations of electric vehicles have been achieved. Renewable biofuels such as biodiesel and bioethanol also contribute only a small percentage of the overall energy mix for mobility. Recent advances in hybrid technologies have significantly increased vehicle efficiencies. More importantly, hybridization now allows a significant reduction in battery capacity requirements compared to pure electric vehicles, allowing electricity to be used in the overall energy mix in the transportation sector. This paper presents an effort made to develop a Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) platform that can act as a comprehensive alternative energy vehicle simulator. Its goal is to help in solving the pressing needs of the transportation sector, both in terms of contributing data to aid policy decisions for reducing fossil fuel use, and to support research in this important area. The Simulator will allow analysing different vehicle configurations, and control strategies with regards to renewable and non-renewable fuel and electricity sources. The simulation platform models the fundamental aspects of PHEV components, that is, process control, heat transfer, chemical reactions, thermodynamics and fluid properties. The outcomes of the Simulator are: (i) determining the optimal combination of fuels and grid electricity use, (ii) performing greenhouse gas calculations based on emerging protocols being developed, and (iii) optimizing the efficient and proper use of renewable energy sources in a carbon constrained world.

scholarly journals Transformation of World Automotive Industry

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 432-439
Author(s):  
P. P. Sushkevich
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Electric Cars ◽  
High Dependency ◽  
Cost Of Energy ◽  
The World ◽  
The Republic

The world industry is on a threshold of a new development cycle which is characterized by emergence of breakthrough technologies: distributed ledger technology, drone-type devices, 3D printing, virtual reality, Internet of things, augmented reality etc. Due to these technologies fundamental changes will take place in the majority of economic branches. The automotive industry is not an exception. This industry plays one of the key roles in economy in a great number of countries and changes occurring in it lead not only to creation of new products, technical processes but these changes also entail improvement of the industrial base which has been already created. The Republic of Belarus considers an automotive industry as one of key industries for its economy and its efficiency has a high dependency factor pertaining to speed of innovation emergence and implementation that is strategically important aspect of increase in competitiveness both on current sales markets and on potential ones. The paper pays a special attention to two main trends arising in the course of forming a new industrialization: increase in environmentally-friendly fuel systems and digital transformation. Problems of world ecology have exerted a considerable impact on developments in the field of alternative energy sources. Speed of development and promotion of electric vehicles considerably exceed “breakthrough” innovation developments of the past. However a great number of factors can have a significant effect on the future of electric vehicles and two of them are thoroughly considered in the paper: cost of energy (batteries) and price of oil (at the price of about 20 USD for barrel the development rate will considerably decrease). Besides the matter of environmental friendliness the paper pays attention to services of digital transformation. The world has already presented examples pertaining to usage of remote control for dump trucks, telematics etc. Such an approach makes it possible for organizations to optimize substantially an expenditure budget and doing so we increase resource use efficiency. The paper also contains a review of innovations in the automotive industry of the Republic of Belarus: BelGee electric cars, Belkommunmash electrobuses, developments of large industrial equipment.

scholarly journals Study of Catamaran Fishing Vessel Based on Solar Energy

2021 ◽  
Vol 2117 (1) ◽  
pp. 012023
Author(s):  
P I Santosa ◽  
E Pranatal
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
World Market ◽  
World Community ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Fishing Vessels ◽  
Crude Oil Prices ◽  
Transportation Sector ◽  
Difficult Times

Abstract Projected temperature that will be felt by world community will increase 7.5°C hotter in 2070, meaning that world community is threatened to live in extreme temperatures an average of 34°C in next 50 years. This prediction can occur if a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions fails to be carried out simultaneously. On or hand, impact of soaring crude oil prices on world market has been felt by all walks of life so it is necessary to create alternative solutions to dependence of fuel to get through difficult times. In sea transportation sector, use of fuel for motorized ships is not only uneconomical but also not environmentally friendly. Dependence on fossil fuel energy has led to development of energy-efficient ship concepts that use alternative energy sources in moving ships. This is anticipated by use of solar energy in form of Electricalboats (Eb) which are applied as fishing vessels. This paper presents a study of efficient use of solar energy in Eb as a boat driver that does not utilize fuel for development of environmentally friendly fishing vessels. Technical analysis is done through testing ship model in Towing Tank n results are explored with Naval Architect ories. In conclusion, there is a potential for fuel consumption savings of up to 90% when compared to ships that only use conventional engines.

scholarly journals Consumer attitudes towards electric vehicles

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (3/4) ◽  
pp. 499-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Bennett ◽  
Rohini Vijaygopal
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Process Analysis ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Product Knowledge ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Electric Cars ◽  
Self Image ◽  
Image Congruence ◽  
Willingness To Purchase

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of gamification on connections between consumers’ self-image congruence in relation to the purchasers of an environmentally friendly product electric vehicles (EVs) and their possession of a stereotype of EV owners as being “unconventional”, and their attitudes towards EVs, having regard to their levels of environmental concern and prior knowledge of EVs. Additionally, the research explored the link between attitudes towards and willingness to purchase EVs. Design/methodology/approach Participants completed a questionnaire and an Implicit Association Test (IAT) both before and after playing a computer game wherein the player assumed the identity of an EV driver. A structural equation model was constructed to predict attitude to EVs. The relationship between attitude and willingness to purchase was examined via a conditional process analysis. Findings The experience of playing the game improved the favourability of the respondents’ stereotype of EV owners by an average of 19 per cent, and their attitude towards EVs by 17 per cent. Self-image congruence in relation to EV ownership increased on the average by 14 per cent and reported EV product knowledge by 8 per cent. However, willingness to purchase an EV was not substantially affected. The link between attitude and willingness to purchase was weak, but was significantly moderated by stereotype favourability and self-image congruence with EV owners. Research limitations/implications As with any IAT study, it was necessary to pre-specify a particular form of stereotype. Future research could employ alternative stereotypes. The investigation took place in a single country and involved a single environmentally friendly product. Practical implications Gamification has much potential for helping manufacturers and government agencies to stimulate the mass market for EVs. To negate unfavourable images of EV owners, marketing communications promoting EVs might usefully employ celebrities, sports personalities and/or leading political figures as exemplars of the types of people who drive electric cars. Originality/value The research is the first to explore the effects of gamification on product user self-image congruence and stereotype formation. It is novel both in its employment of an IAT to measure the consumer stereotype of an environmentally friendly product and in its examination of the moderating influences of stereotype and product user self-image congruence on the attitude-willingness to purchase link.

Design and Implementation of Single-Input Multiple-Output DC–DC Buck converter for Electric Vehicles

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150228
Author(s):  
Ilyass Abdillahi Aden ◽  
Hakan Kahveci ◽  
Mustafa Ergin Şahin
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Buck Converter ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Electric Cars ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Transportation Sector ◽  
Input Multiple Output ◽  
Single Input

The transportation sector uses a big portion of the world’s petroleum products thus increasing the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Electric vehicles (EVs) have the potential to solve GHG emissions. The requirements for EVs have brought many different problems such as the conversion of voltage level from the battery to other parts of the EV using DC–DC converters. The design and implementation of a nonisolated DC–DC buck converter with single input and dual output are presented, which is also called the single-input multiple-output (SIMO) converter. The converter is designed especially for electric cars. The battery (48[Formula: see text]V) of the electric vehicle is used as an input to the SIMO. Small-signal analysis and effective control strategy for the converter are presented in this paper. The simulation of the system is performed and compared with the experimental results.

scholarly journals The Utilization of Metroxylon sago Dregs for Eco-friendly Bioethanol Stove in Papua, Indonesia

KnE Energy ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
I Made Kartika Dhiputra ◽  
Numberi Johni Jonatan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Feasible Solution ◽  
Mixing Time ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Fossil Energy ◽  
Fuel Flow ◽  
The Government ◽  
Alternative Energy Resources

<p>Indonesia’s dependency on fossil energy is relatively high; approximately 55 % fuel oil that comes from fossil is used in the household sector. The increasing of energy demand is not supported by the energy availability. This issue prompted the government of Indonesia to develop a diverse, cheaper, renewable, sustainable and eco-friendly alternative energy and to create an independent management which ensures the availability of energy to people in remote area. Among other possible solution, production of bioethanol from Metroxylon sago dregs as alternative energy resources is considered as the most feasible solution. Indonesia has ± 1,250,000 billion ha of sago plantation and in Papua there is ± 1,200,000 billion ha of land with sago potential, of which only 56 % is used. Research methods include fermentation of sago dregs to become bioethanol, its distillation process and flame characteristics. Results of laboratory experiment showed that sago dregs are viable as a source of fuel bioethanol because it still contains 82.4 % vol. of carbohydrate component. Measurement of flame temperature on bioethanol burner with ethanol content of 60 to 95 % is strongly influenced by these parameters: turbulence, temperature, mixing time and the rest of the air-fuel flow. </p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: bioethanol; flame characteristics; Metroxylon sago dregs</p>

Resource Endowments in Emerging Market Countries

2021 ◽  
pp. 097491012110043
Author(s):  
Liu Qingjie
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Fossil Energy ◽  
Consumption Structure ◽  
Strategic Resources ◽  
Emerging Market Countries ◽  
Consumption Reduction ◽  
Per Capita

This article examines the emerging market countries on their national strategic resources—farmland, fresh water, and fossil energy—which are analyzed from the perspectives of distribution, status of development, and existing issues. The study draws the following conclusions: Emerging market countries have abundant farmland resources yet inadequate per capita resources; because of extensive operation on farmland, grain yield is low, which threatens food security; emerging market countries are saliently short in water resources per capita and face imbalances and low productivity over water use, and their agriculture practices are water-intensive; emerging market countries are growing as global centers for production, consumption, and trade of fossil energy, with a long, coal-dominated consumption structure that has a growing momentum, which subjects them to a greater pressure to reduce carbon emissions; and emerging market countries are inefficient in the use of energy, though they have huge potential for energy conservation and consumption reduction.

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