scholarly journals Preliminary extraction of catechin in cashew testa

2021 ◽  
Vol 947 (1) ◽  
pp. 012003
Author(s):  
H Q V Le ◽  
T D Tong ◽  
X C Luu ◽  
X T Le
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Water Extraction ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Preliminary Extraction

Abstract The water extraction procedure (WE) was critically selected to extract (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin in cashew testa. The effects of different extracting factors, including multiple extraction, extracting temperature, extracting duration, and solvent-material ratio, on catechin amounts were evaluated. Under optimal conditions, a gram of water extract (WE’) contained 151.2±4.7 mg of (+)-catechin and 85.2±2.3 mg of (-)-epicatechin. These values were nearly three-folded compared to raw material, 55.0±1.4 and 31.0±0.6 mg, respectively. By using fractional extraction with ethyl acetate, the amounts of (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin per gram of ethyl acetate extract (WE2) in the present extracts respectively increased to 219.4±16.5 and 123.6±8.9 mg.

scholarly journals Studies on effects of different solvent extracted samples of O. sanctum (Basil) stem on the growth of S. typhi

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seema Kumari ◽  
Vinod Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Hot Water Extract ◽  
Minimum Zone

Typhoid is a problematic fever, caused by Salmonella typhi. Present investigation is based upon studies of antibacterial effects of different solvent extracted samples of O. sanctum stem on growth of S. typhi. The crude extracts of stem of O. sanctum were prepared from three different solvents such as methanol, ethyl acetate and hot water. Four different concentrations (25%, 50%, 75% and100%) were prepared from each one of the solvent extracted sample. Agar well diffusion method was used to test the antibacterial activity of different solvent extracted samples of O. sanctum stem. Analysis of data indicates that a metabolic extract of O. sanctum stem shows maximum zone of inhibition and it was of 26mm at 100% concentration and minimum zone of inhibition was of 19mm at 50% concentration. Ethyl acetate extract of O. sanctum stem shows maximum zone of inhibition and it was of 29mm at 100% concentration and minimum was of 14mm at 25% concentration. Hot water extract of O. sanctum stem shows maximum zone of inhibition and it was of 28mm at 100% concentration and minimum zone of inhibition was of 12mm at 25% concentration. This study indicates that ethyl acetate extract of O. sanctum stem is more effective against S. typhi as compared to methanol and hot water extracted solvent. Contrary to the antibiotics or synthetic medicine associated with many side effects, this plant part can be used as a herbal medicines against Salmonella typhi infection.

scholarly journals LC-MS/MS profiling, antibiofilm, antimicrobial and bacterial growth kinetic studies of Pluchea dioscoridis extracts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maha A.M. El-Shazly ◽  
Ahmed A. Hamed ◽  
Hoda A. Kabary ◽  
Mosad A. Ghareeb
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Prolonged Incubation

Abstract The therapeutical applications of ornamental plants have been categorized to be of a great effectiveness in multiple industries from ancient times until present days. Pluchea dioscoridis is widely known Egyptian wooden plant that has been extensively applied for different medicinal purposes. In this study, LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis of the potent antimicrobial ethyl acetate and n-butanol extracts of P. dioscoridis leaves led to identification of 28 and 21 compounds, respectively. The identified compounds were categorized as phenolic acids, phenolic acids derivatives, organic acids, flavonoids (aglycones and glycosides), secoiridoids, coumarin derivatives, and gallotannins derivatives. Among them, caffeic acid 3-sulfate was the most predominate in the investigated extracts followed by ferulic acid and dicaffeoyl-quinic acid. Also, the antimicrobial potentiality of different extracts was evaluated against different pathogenic microbes including Enterobacter cloacae, Micrococcus leutus, Aeromonas hydrophila, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus lichneformis and Clostridium species. Furthermore, different concentrations of the most potent extract were assayed for antibacterial efficacy on growth curve kinetics against the susceptible bacteria along 4days incubation period. Our gathered data confirmed that, the antimicrobial activity against tested bacteria was different according to the solvent used in the extraction process. Mostly, all the extracts showed a wide spectrum antibacterial activity except the plant water extract which shows a mild activity against Clostridium sp. only. Based on the highest inhibition zone diameter, the ethyl acetate extract followed by butanol extract exhibited the highest inhibition zone with Micrococcus luteus and B. subtilis (20.0 and 18.5 mm) respectively. Determining the effect of ethyl acetate extract at different concentration (0, 0.66, 1.66, 3.33, 6.67, 13.34 and 20.01 mg mL−1) on M. luteus growth kinetics, the data assured that the antibacterial activity shows concentration dependent manner with the highest antibacterial activity at 20.01 mg mL−1 culture. The data also confirmed that, none of the selected concentration showed bactericidal activity in the prepared cultures, and with the prolonged incubation period the bacteria acquire resistance against the extract beginning from second or third day of incubation.

scholarly journals Biopotential of Bersama abyssinica Fresen Stem Bark Extracts: UHPLC Profiles, Antioxidant, Enzyme Inhibitory, and Antiproliferative Propensities

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kouadio Ibrahime Sinan ◽  
Annalisa Chiavaroli ◽  
Giustino Orlando ◽  
Kouadio Bene ◽  
Gokhan Zengin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Hct116 Cell ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Water Extracts ◽  
Bersama Abyssinica

In this study, ethyl acetate, methanol, and water extracts of Bersama abyssinica (Melianthaceae) stem bark were screened for enzyme inhibitory and antioxidant properties. The water extract possessed the highest concentration of phenols (230.83 mg gallic acid equivalent/g extract), while the methanol extract was rich in flavonoids (75.82 mg rutin equivalent/g extract), and the ethyl acetate extract possessed the highest amount of saponins (97.37 mg quillaja equivalent/g). The aim of this study was to investigate the antiproliferative effects against the human colon cancer HCT116 cell line challenged with serotonin (5-HT) as a stimulating-proliferation factor. The level of HCT116 cell-deriving pool of kynurenic acid (KA) was also assessed. The UHPLC results confirmed the presence of 58, 68, and 63 compounds in the ethyl acetate, methanol, and water extracts, respectively. Mangiferin, vitexin and its isomer isovitexin were tentatively identified in all extracts and KA (m/z 190.05042 [M−H]+) was also tentatively identified in the methanol and water extracts. The methanol extract (1464.08 mg Trolox equivalent [TE]/g extract) showed the highest activity in the CUPRAC assay, whereas the water extract (1063.70 mg TE/g extract) showed the highest activity with the FRAP technique. The ethyl acetate extract was the most active acetylcholinesterase (4.43 mg galantamine equivalent/g extract) and α-glucosidase (mmol acarbose equivalent /g extract) inhibitor. The water extract was able to inhibit 5-HT-stimulated viability of HCT116 cells, and blunt 5-HT-induced reduction of cell-deriving KA. The scientific data generated in this study provide baseline data regarding the biological properties of B. abyssinica stem bark, highlighting its potential use for the development of new pharmaceutic and cosmetic agents.

scholarly journals Development of the Technology for Processing Plant Breeding By-Products to Obtain Biosorbent

2020 ◽  
Vol 169 ◽  
pp. 02011
Author(s):  
Tatiana Bauer ◽  
Svetlana Sushkova ◽  
Aleksei Fedorenko ◽  
Ilya Lobzenko ◽  
Anatoly Barakhov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Incubation Study ◽  
By Products

This study focuses on the potential transforming sunflower husk wastes into innovative green products to be used for the recultivation of contaminated soils. This transformation makes it possible to utilize the large quantity plant breeding by-products to obtain a highly porous biosorbent. Optimal conditions for the preparation of bisorbents can be determined based on measurements of their specific surface and porosity. It is shown that structural characteristics of sorbent depend on conditions of the pyrolysis of primary raw material. Optimal conditions for obtaining biosorbent with a specified proportion of mesoand micropores and high specific surface are performed under three-stage pyrolysis as given by following conditions: sample holding time of 10-30 min, final temperature 700°С, and heating rate 15°С/min. A 3-month incubation study was conducted to investigate its performance in stabilization of copper contamination in Fluvisol. The sequential extraction procedure showed that the 1% sunflower husks biosorbent treatment reduced the mobile pool (exchange and carbon-bonded fractions) of Cu from 8 to 4%, respectively, compared to the contaminated soil. Cu is found to be tightly bonded owing to the increase of the residual and organic matter-bonded metal fractions. Owing to its adsorptive properties, biosorbent amendment of coppercontaminated soils appears as a promising approach to reduce the pollutant mobility and bioavailability.

Effect of Chroogomphis Rutillus Extracts on Activity of Nitrite Scavenging and Nitrosamine Formation Inhibition

2011 ◽  
Vol 282-283 ◽  
pp. 545-548
Author(s):  
Hong Fang Ji ◽  
Ling Wen Zhang ◽  
Hui Hui Jin ◽  
Ling Yu Wang ◽  
Fang Yuan Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
In Vitro Systems ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extracts ◽  
Scavenging Rates

Chroogomphis rutillusextracts were prepared with solvent of petroleum ether, acetic ester, methanol and water. The effects of four different extract on nitrite scavenging (NS) and nitrosamine formation inhibiting (NFI) were evaluated in vitro systems. Results showed that all the extract showed NS and NFI potentials with a dose-dependent manner. With regard to NS activity, at 50μg/mL, the scavenging rates of ethyl acetate and methanol extracts were 96.65% and 93.48%, respectively. While, those of petroleum ether and water extract were only 86.96% and 26.09%, respectively. With regard to NFI activity,at 200μg/mL, both petroleum ether and ethyl acetate extracts showed excellent inhibition abilities of 94.46% and 91.33%, respectively, much higher than those of methanol and water extract (78.57% and 4.06%, respectively) (P<0.05).Chroogomphis rutillusespecially ethyl acetate extract may have a preventive effect against carcinogenesis induced by nitrosamines.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Perbedaan Metode Ekstraksi Metabolit Sekunder Streptomyces sp. GMR22 terhadap Toksisitas pada Sel BHK-21

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Diani Mentari ◽  
Mirtani Naima ◽  
Riska Wulansari ◽  
Jaka Widada ◽  
Tri Rini Nuringtyas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Polar Solvent ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Extraction Technique ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Streptomyces Sp ◽  
Separatory Funnel

Streptomyces sp. GMR22 is local isolate from Wanagama 1 Forest in Yogyakarta. They have the potential to be developed to produce active compounds because have PKS and NRPS genes.The active compounds from isolation are strongly influenced by various factors, one of them is extraction techniques. Effect difference of extraction technique will be affected by the quality of secondary metabolites produced.The purpose of this study was to compare the cytotoxicity effects of secondary metabolites of Streptomyces sp. GMR22 which have extracted with different stages from previous studies. The extraction technique was carried out by multilevel separatory funnel extraction methods, which was first extracted using non-polar solvent (n-hexane) and then extracted using semi-polar solvent (ethyl acetate). This research is important because in previous studies (separatory funnel only extracted using ethyl acetate) with the use of the lowest concentration in the dengue virus antiviral test (further test) caused 100% of deaths in BHK-21 cells.This study indicate that multilevel extraction result in lower CC50 value than previous studies. There are 49.160 µl/ml (n-hexane extract) and 284.56 µl/ml (ethyl acetate extract) while water extract is 464,38 µl/ml. FTIR compound analysis show that the three extracts produced have different spectrum patterns, especially in the n-hexane and ethyl acetate extract. Value of CC50 is not too high, it is expected that the secondary metabolites contained in the extracts can be used for further analysis such as antiviral testing because it is safe for normal host cells such as BHK-21 cells

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF ANNONACYN COMPOUND BY HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY ON THE EXTRACT OF Annona muricata LINN SEED FOR PESTICIDE FORMULA

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Freddy L Wurangian
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Mobile Phase ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Limit Detection

Determination of annonacyn grade, a main insecticide compound has been done in the ethanolic and ethyl acetate extracts produced by soxhletation, and ethyl acetate extract produced by fractionation of ethanolic extract to find out the most active extract to be used as raw material of pesticide formulae. Analysis method used the reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography with column of Novapack ODS C-18 (waters; 3.9 x 150 nm), mobile phase was the mixture of acetonitrile-water. The result of this research showed the optimum condition as follows: the mobile phase was acetonitrile-water (60:40), flow rate of 0.2 mL min-1, injection volume of 5.0 L, detector UV, wavelength () at 220 nm with AUFS of 1.00. The limit detection of annonacyn was 0.01 g, annonacyn grade in ethanolic extract produced by soxhletation: 0.0405 + 0.0021%, in ethyl acetate extract produced by soxhletation: 0.0293 + 0.0009%, in ethyl acetate extract produced by fractionation of ethanolic extract: 0.1003 + 0.0018%. The precision and accuracy of annonacyn in this research were respectively obtained 8.89% - 1.92%, and 4.91% - 7.28%, at the concentration of 5.00 g mL-1 - 25.00 g mL-1. The sensitivity was 0.75

scholarly journals The phytochemical composition and biological activities of different types of extracts of Achillea ageratifolia subsp. serbica

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-59
Author(s):  
Ivana Radojevic ◽  
Mirjana Grujovic ◽  
Ljiljana Comic ◽  
Milan Dekic ◽  
Gorica Djelic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Phytochemical Composition ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extracts

Achillea ageratifolia subsp. serbica is a poorly investigated endemic of the Balkan area and there are almost no data about the potential application of this plant. The purpose of this study was the investigation of the phytochemical composition, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antibiofilm activity of its water, acetone, and ethyl acetate extracts. The phenolic composition and flavonoids were established using high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection (HPLC-PDA) analysis, while the chemical composition of the ethyl acetate extracts of the aerial parts of the plant was investigated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC and GC-MS). Antioxidant and antimicrobial activity, as well as the inhibition ability of biofilm formation on Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 biofilms, were also investigated. The total phenolic content ranged from 18.61 mgGAE/g to 43.78 mgGAE/g of extract. The total flavonoid content ranged from 10.79 mgRUE/g to 34.02 mgRUE/g. The acetone and ethyl acetate extracts of the aerial parts contained chlorogenic acid, myricetin, apigenin, and luteolin. Analysis of the volatile specialized metabolites in the ethyl acetate extract of the aerial parts allowed for the identification of thirty-two constituents. The highest antioxidant activity was detected in the water extract of the aerial parts of the plant (IC50 = 641.06 ?g/ml) and in the ethyl acetate extract of the root (IC50 = 675.33 ?g/ml). Bacillus subtilis and S. aureus showed higher sensitivity to the tested extracts, while the antifungal activity of the marked extracts was significant. All extracts showed a moderate inhibitory effect on the ability of biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853, while only the ethyl acetate inflorescence extract showed an effect on the biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853. The tested extracts showed the potential for further investigation and possible application as biofungicides.

Antinociceptive profile of ethyl acetate extract of Hyptis fruticosa Salzm. ex Benth. (Labiatae)

Planta Medica ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
RM Marçal ◽  
DM Ptak ◽  
RR Krempser ◽  
MR Krempser ◽  
SV Floresta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract

Phytochemical screening for identification of bioactive compounds of Lantana camara Linn. (Verbenaceae) responsible for larvicidal action against Aedes triseriatus Say, 1823 (Diptera : Culicidae)

ENTOMON ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-126
Author(s):  
Rhitayu Chakraborti ◽  
Probir Kumar Bandyopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Lantana Camara ◽  
Mosquito Larvae ◽  
Aedes Triseriatus ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Lc50 Value

Study to assess the larvicidal property of Lantana camara leaves against Aedes triseriatus larvae found that the ethyl acetate extract had profound larvicidal action with the crude extract having a LC50 value of 409.831ppm. GC-MS analysis of the ethyl acetate extract confirmed the presence of twenty-one compounds out of which beta-caryophyllene covered the highest percentage of the chromatogram area. Further tests with beta-caryophyllene against the mosquito larvae proved it to be the active ingredient of L. Camara with a LC50 value of 104.243ppm.

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