scholarly journals 108 Poor Appetite is Common in Hospitalised Older People and Associated with Subclinical Low Mood

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. i34-i36
Author(s):  
N J Cox ◽  
S E R Lim ◽  
D Baylis ◽  
F Howson ◽  
A A Sayer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Depression Score ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Poor Appetite ◽  
Low Mood ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Comorbidity Index ◽  
Low Threshold ◽  
Discharge From Hospital ◽  
Health Burdens

Abstract Introduction Appetite loss in older people -anorexia of ageing (AA) - is common. Recognised consequences include undernutrition, sarcopenia, frailty, and increased mortality after discharge from hospital. Identification and management of AA may prevent onset of these health burdens. Whilst appetite can be assessed, this is often not routine. Methods Cross-sectional data from three studies (carried out 2010-2017), with comparable data collection methods and drawn from the same population, were combined. Participants were over 70 years, admitted to acute wards within a large UK hospital. Appetite was assessed using the simple 4 item Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire (SNAQ); a score of ≤14/20 defines poor appetite. Correlates of SNAQ scores were evaluated. Results The dataset included 474 participants (64% female) with mean age 84 (6.5), median Barthel 78 (IQR 53-91), mini-mental state exam (MMSE) 27 (IQR 23-29) and comorbidity index 5 (IQR 4-7). The median GDS for the population was 4 (IQR 4-6). The mean SNAQ score was 13.9 (SD 2.6), and 265 (56%) participants scored ≤14 indicating poor appetite. There was no significant difference between mean SNAQ scores of men and women (P=.26), or those living alone and with others (P=.62). Age, MMSE, comorbidity index, and total number of medications were not related to SNAQ score in continuous analyses but geriatric depression score (GDS-15) was (adjusted coefficient -.248; P<.001); such that lower mood was associated with poorer appetite. Conclusions These findings highlight the importance of assessing appetite in hospitalised older people, as poor appetite is very common. Appetite can be assessed in hospital using the simple 4 item SNAQ tool. Subclinical low mood, measured by GDS-15, had the strongest association with SNAQ score whilst in hospital. Therefore, for those with poor appetite in hospital, clinicians should have a low threshold to evaluate and treat low mood.

scholarly journals LACK OF ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME GENOTYPE AND MUSCLE STRENGTH IN PERUVIAN OLDER PEOPLE

2020 ◽  
pp. 686-690
Author(s):  
T. J. Oscanoa ◽  
E. C. Cieza ◽  
F. A. Lizaraso-Soto ◽  
M. L. Guevara ◽  
R. M. Fujita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Older People ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Genotype Distribution ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Ace Polymorphism ◽  
Significant Difference

Старение может быть связано с уменьшением мышечной силы, а сопутствующими факторами являются заболевания, пол, физическая активность и, возможно, генетические факторы. Среди генетических факторов представляет интерес ренин-ангиотензиновая система, но данные о перуанской популяции отсутствуют. Целью исследования - оценка связи силы сцепления и полиморфизма ангиотензин-конвертазного фермента (АКФ) у пожилых людей в Перу. Было проведено перекрестное исследование в выборке из 104 участников старше 60 лет в Лиме, Перу с анализом полиморфизма АКФ. Мы изучили 104 участника, 46 (44,2%) мужчин и 58 (55,8%) женщин, со средним возрастом и стандартным отклонением ( SD ) 73,7 (7,4) года, в диапазоне 60-90 лет. Частота генотипов D/D, I/D и I/I составила 12,7; 43,7 и 43,7% соответственно. Распределение полиморфизма АKФ по генотипу соответствовало равновесию Харди-Вайнберга ( р =0,746). Средняя ( SD ) сила сцепления при D/D , I/D и I/I полиморфизмах составила 24,8 (7,2); 22,8 (7,2) и 23,4 (7,6) кг соответственно. Не выявлено достоверных различий ( р =0,41) между генетическими группами. В этой небольшой удобной выборке пожилых перуанцев не было обнаружено связи между силой сцепления и генотипом АКФ. Aging can be associated with decreasing muscle strength, and related factors are comorbidities, sex, physical activity, and possibly genetic factors. Among genetic factors the renin-angiotensin system is of interest, but data on the Peruvian population is lacking. The objective of our study was to evaluate the association of grip strength and angiotensin convertase enzyme (ACE) polymorphism in Peruvian older people. A cross-sectional study in a convenience sample of 104 participants over 60 years in Lima, Perú, with analysis of the ACE polymorphism, was performed. We studied 104 participants, 46 men (44,2 %) and 58 women (55,8 %), with a mean age and standard deviation (SD) of 73,7 (7,4) years, range between 60-90 years. The frequency of D/D, I/D and I/I genotypes was 12,7; 43,7 and 43,7 % respectively. The genotype distribution of ACE polymorphism agreed with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium ( p =0,746). The mean (SD) of grip strength in the D/D, I/D and I/I polymorphisms were 24,8 (7,2); 22,8 (7,2) and 23,4 (7,6) kg respectively; no significant difference was observed ( p =0,41) between genetic groups. In this small convenience sample of older Peruvians, no association was found between grip strength and ACE genotype.

scholarly journals Lower Plasma Total Testosterone Levels Were Associated With Steeper Decline in Brain Glucose Metabolism in Non-demented Older Men

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiwu Wang ◽  
Zhaoting Lv ◽  
Qian Wu ◽  
Huitao Liu ◽  
Yanrou Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Older People ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Brain Glucose ◽  
Brain Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Over Time

ObjectiveThere is growing evidence that testosterone may be implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We aimed to examine the relationship between plasma total testosterone levels and change in brain glucose metabolism over time among non-demented older people.MethodsThe association of plasma total testosterone levels with change in brain glucose metabolism among non-demented older people was investigated cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Given a significant difference in levels of plasma total testosterone between gender, we performed our analysis in a sex-stratified way. At baseline, 228 non-demented older people were included: 152 males and 76 females.ResultsIn the cross-sectional analysis, no significant relationship between plasma total testosterone levels and brain glucose metabolism was found in males or females. In the longitudinal analysis, we found a significant association of plasma total testosterone levels with change in brain glucose metabolism over time in males, but not in females. More specifically, in males, higher levels of total testosterone in plasma at baseline were associated with slower decline in brain glucose metabolism.ConclusionWe found that higher levels of total testosterone in plasma at baseline were associated with slower decline in brain glucose metabolism in males without dementia, indicating that testosterone may have beneficial effects on brain function.

scholarly journals Symptom burden in community-dwelling older people: temporal trends in the Helsinki Aging Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Lehti ◽  
H. Öhman ◽  
M. Knuutila ◽  
H. Kautiainen ◽  
H. Karppinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Symptom Burden ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Aging Study ◽  
Comorbidity Index ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys ◽  
Loss Of Appetite

Abstract Background Changes in older people’s symptoms across recent decades have not been investigated. Aims We analyzed temporal trends in symptom burden by comparing data from independent, cross-sectional cohorts retrieved in 1989, 1999, 2009, and 2019. Furthermore, we compared the association between symptom burden and psychological wellbeing (PWB) in older men and women. Methods The Helsinki Aging Study recruited a random sample of people aged 75, 80, and 85 in 1989, and random samples aged 75, 80, 85, 90, and 95 in 1999, 2009, and 2019 (four study waves). Altogether, 6263 community-dwelling people answered the questions concerning symptoms in the questionnaire surveys. The symptoms inquired in all study waves were dizziness, back pain, joint pain, chest pain, shortness of breath, and loss of appetite. Symptom burden was calculated according to the number of symptoms and their frequency (score range: 0–6). PWB and the Charlson comorbidity index were calculated. Results Symptom burden decreased in both men and women aged 75 and 80 from 1989 to 2019. Changes in cohorts aged 85 + were nonsignificant. There was a significant difference in symptom burden between men and women in all ages with men having fewer symptoms. PWB decreased with increasing symptom burden. Men had greater PWB than women up to severe levels of symptom burden. Conclusions Symptom burden decreased from 1989 to 2019 in cohorts aged 75–80, whereas changes remained nonsignificant in cohorts aged 85 +. To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine temporal trends in symptom burden.

scholarly journals Satisfaction to healthcare among elderly; comparison study between Egypt and Saudi Arabia

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 3180
Author(s):  
Faten Sami Ali Mostafa ◽  
Ekram M. El-Shabrawy ◽  
El Morsy Ahmed El Morsy ◽  
Shaimaa Ahmed Senosy
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Older People ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Health Care Service ◽  
Care Program ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Satisfaction ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: In the context of health care services; clinicians use consumer or patient satisfaction assessment to monitor their performance and alter the delivery of care in order to retain and attract customers. Also to determine how they can better meet the needs of patients and, so, improve patient compliance. This study was designed to examine the satisfaction status of elderly patients utilize the selected geriatric health centers in the study in a comparison way between Egypt and Saudi Arabia in order to improve the geriatric health care program in Egypt.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study to assess the geriatric service through assessing the structure, process and geriatric satisfaction from the geriatric health services by an observational checklist and questionnaire. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 22 and Spectrum-5 software.Results: Saudi Arabia centers were significantly higher in patients' satisfaction; there were a statistically significant difference between both countries regarding total satisfaction score (p<0.001).Conclusions: The indicators in both countries under the study suggest a growing proportion of older people in the populations. This study has revealed that efforts to improve health care service for older people have not been fully implemented. Many older people still do not satisfy the offered medical service due to several obstacles. Policymakers must invest in the systems that would encourage and facilitate formal care provision, through partnership between the state and civil society for example and through investing in both old age and family support policies.

scholarly journals A cross sectional observational study to find the difference in occurrence of muscle related adverse effects of statins among geriatric and non-geriatric patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 1817
Author(s):  
Monica Aggarwal ◽  
Shivani Juneja ◽  
Muskan Goyal ◽  
Tariq Khurana
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Older People ◽  
Patient Information ◽  
Geriatric Patients ◽  
Creatine Phosphokinase ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference

Background: Statins are effectively used for the treatment of dyslipidemias in geriatric patients. The geriatric patients are more vulnerable to experience consequences of drug intensification leading to the manifestation of adverse effects, such as muscle related adverse effects (MRAE) with statins use. The main objective was to find the difference in the occurrence of MRAE of statins among geriatric and non-geriatric users.Methods: This was a cross-sectional, observational comparative study in which MRAE associated with statins and relevant patient information was noted. Creatine phosphokinase (CPK) levels which are considered as a marker for statin induced muscle damage were obtained for all patients. The different parameters were compared among geriatric and non-geriatric statin users.Results: Sixty one patients, 28 geriatric (≥60 years) and 33 non-geriatric (<60 years) statin users were enrolled in this study. Ten (38%) geriatric statin users as compared to 6 (20%) non-geriatric statin users were found to have MRAE (P = 0.207). No significant difference in the occurrence of MRAE among geriatric and non-geriatric statin users was found.Conclusions: The results obtained from the present study suggest that statins are relatively safe, even in older people. There was no evidence to suggest an increased risk of MRAE in geriatric patients receiving statin therapy as compared to non- geriatric patients.

scholarly journals Association of Osteoarthritis With Changes in Structural Neuroimaging Markers Over Time Among Non-demented Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lichuang Wu ◽  
Xiang Wang ◽  
Yiheng Ye ◽  
Cailong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Older People ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Ventricular Volume ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
Structural Neuroimaging ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Over Time

Objective: Although emerging evidence suggests that both osteoarthritis (OA) and brain atrophy (as assessed by structural neuroimaging markers) are associated with the risk of dementia, little is known about the association between OA and structural neuroimaging markers. This study aimed to examine the association of OA with changes in structural neuroimaging markers among non-demented older people.Methods: We examined the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between OA and structural neuroimaging markers (hippocampal volume, entorhinal volume, ventricular volume, and volume of gray matter of the whole brain) among non-demented older people. We categorized our participants as those without OA (OA−) and those with OA (OA+). At baseline, we included 1,281 non-demented older adults, including 1,050 without OA and 231 with OA.Results: In the cross-sectional analysis, we did not observe any significant difference in structural neuroimaging markers between the two OA groups. In the longitudinal analysis, we found that compared to participants without OA, those with OA showed a steeper decline in volumes of the gray matter of the whole brain among non-demented older adults.Conclusions: OA was associated with a steeper decline in volumes of the gray matter of the whole brain over time among non-demented older people.

scholarly journals Factors affecting the attitudes of nursing students toward ageism

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismail Toygar ◽  
Ayfer Kardakovan
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Older People ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Attitude Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Nurse Students

Background & Aim: The world's older adult population is increasing and is expected to increase in the future. Ageism is one of the difficulties older adults experienced. Nursing students as a candidate for the nursing profession will frequent contact with older adults. Ageism attitudes among nursing students are essential for this reason. This study aims to determine the attitudes of nursing students toward ageism and the factors affecting it. Method & Materials: The study was cross-sectional, and the data were collected from January to February 2019. The study included 509 students. A demographic data form and the Ageism Attitude Scale were used to collect data. Results: The mean age of the participants was 20.94±1.30 years and 439 (86.2%) participants were female. Female nurse students show lower ageist attitudes than males (p<0.001) and between the year of study and attitudes to ageism (p = 0.001). A statistically significant difference was found between nurse students caring for older people and those not caring for older people and attitudes to ageism (p<0.001). Conclusion: In nursing students, giving care to older people during their education, and having lived with an older relative should be considered to reduce ageism. We offer that nurse curriculums revised to reduce ageism according to factors affecting attitudes to ageism.

scholarly journals Knowledge and attitudes of health care science students toward older people

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 382-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragana Milutinovic ◽  
Dragana Simin ◽  
Jelena Kacavendic ◽  
Vesna Turkulov
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Older People ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Science Students ◽  
Optimal Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction. Education of health science students in geriatrics is important in order to provide optimal care for the growing number of elderly people because it is the attitudes of health professionals toward the elderly that play the key role in the quality of care provided. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and attitudes of health care science students towards ageing and care for the elderly. Material and Methods. The present cross-sectional study was carried out on a sample of 130 students (medical, nursing and special education and rehabilitation) of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad. The students were divided into two groups. The first group (E) included students having been taught geriatrics and nursing older adults and the other group (C) included students who had not been trained in this subject. The authors used Palmore?s facts on Ageing Quiz for the knowledge evaluation and Kogan?s Attitude toward Older People Scale for the attitude evaluation. Results. The results of Facts on Aging Quiz showed the average level of students? knowledge and statistically significant difference between E and C group. The analysis of Kogan?s Attitudes toward Old People Scale showed that both groups had neutral attitudes toward older people. Furthermore, a positive correlation between students? knowledge and attitudes was found. Conclusion. There is increasing evidence on the correlation between education, knowledge and attitudes toward older people which suggests that by acquiring better insights into all aspects of ageing through their education the students develop more positive attitudes and interest in working with older adults.

Personal Audio System: Hearing Symptoms, Habits, and Sound Pressure Levels Measured in Real Ear and a Manikin

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 2016-2026
Author(s):  
Tamara R. Almeida ◽  
Clayton H. Rocha ◽  
Camila M. Rabelo ◽  
Raquel F. Gomes ◽  
Ivone F. Neves-Lobo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Real ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sound Pressure Levels ◽  
Audio System

Purpose The aims of this study were to characterize hearing symptoms, habits, and sound pressure levels (SPLs) of personal audio system (PAS) used by young adults; estimate the risk of developing hearing loss and assess whether instructions given to users led to behavioral changes; and propose recommendations for PAS users. Method A cross-sectional study was performed in 50 subjects with normal hearing. Procedures included questionnaire and measurement of PAS SPLs (real ear and manikin) through the users' own headphones and devices while they listened to four songs. After 1 year, 30 subjects answered questions about their usage habits. For the statistical analysis, one-way analysis of variance, Tukey's post hoc test, Lin and Spearman coefficients, the chi-square test, and logistic regression were used. Results Most subjects listened to music every day, usually in noisy environments. Sixty percent of the subjects reported hearing symptoms after using a PAS. Substantial variability in the equivalent music listening level (Leq) was noted ( M = 84.7 dBA; min = 65.1 dBA, max = 97.5 dBA). A significant difference was found only in the 4-kHz band when comparing the real-ear and manikin techniques. Based on the Leq, 38% of the individuals exceeded the maximum daily time allowance. Comparison of the subjects according to the maximum allowed daily exposure time revealed a higher number of hearing complaints from people with greater exposure. After 1 year, 43% of the subjects reduced their usage time, and 70% reduced the volume. A volume not exceeding 80% was recommended, and at this volume, the maximum usage time should be 160 min. Conclusions The habit of listening to music at high intensities on a daily basis seems to cause hearing symptoms, even in individuals with normal hearing. The real-ear and manikin techniques produced similar results. Providing instructions on this topic combined with measuring PAS SPLs may be an appropriate strategy for raising the awareness of people who are at risk. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12431435

Parent’s Experiences from the Treatment of their Children at the Physic Children’s Surgery Clinic in Skopje.

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Trajchevska ◽  
A. Lleshi ◽  
S. Gjoshev ◽  
A. Trajchevski
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Parental Satisfaction ◽  
Pediatric Care ◽  
Simple Random Sample ◽  
Significant Independent Predictor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: The respect of the needs and wishes of the patients is in the focus of the human health system. The experience of the parents in terms of child’s health care may be used as an indicator of quality of the health care. Material and methods: The research is a quantitative analytical cross-sectional study. In accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria, simple random sample of 207 parents / guardians is covered, whose children in the period of three months, had been hospitalized in the hospital department JZUU Pediatric Surgery Clinic in Skopje.It was used a two parted questionnaire. The first part is a standardized questionnaire (Parent Experience of Pediatric Care - PECP), and the second part concerns the general socio-demographic data of the parent/guardian. Statistical evaluation was performed using appropriate statistical programs (Statistics for Windows 7,0 and SPSS 17.0). Results: In accordance with the age of the parents, the survey respondents were divided into two groups: a) age ≤ 33 years - 107 (51.69%) and b) age> 33 years - 100 (48.31%).Significant independent predictor of parental satisfaction from the receipt of their child to the clinic research confirms the age of the parent under / over 33 years due to 4.1% of the change in satisfaction (R2 = 0,041). Parents generally believe that their children's room of the clinic is "good", without significant difference between parental satisfaction from both age groups (Mann-Whitney U Test Z = -0,9613 p = 0,3364). Significant independent predictor of parental satisfaction from the room of their child improves the health status after treatment due to 6% of the change in satisfaction (R2 = 0,060). Parents generally believe that testing and treatment of their children in the clinic was "very good" and an independent significant predictor is to improve the health status after the treatment - 7,8% (R2 = 0,078). Conclusions: Regardless of the generally good parental satisfaction about health care for their children, it is necessary to continuously monitor the status of the clinic in order to consider the possible deficiencies and needs of intervention.

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