scholarly journals Effects of bisphosphonate and calcium carbonate on normal aortic valve and cholecalciferol induced in vivo rabbit aortic stenosis model

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Okutucu ◽  
C Sabanoglu ◽  
A Saglam Ayhan ◽  
E Tulumen ◽  
H Aksoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Aortic Stenosis ◽  
Calcium Supplementation ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Histopathologic Examination ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group I ◽  
Alendronate Treatment

Abstract Background Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is the most common valvular heart disease. Bisphosphonates are stable analogs of pyrophosphates and commonly prescribed in the treatment of osteoporosis. The effects of bisphosphonate treatment on CAVD are not clearly known and there are inconsistent results. Similarly, the effect of calcium supplementation on CAVD remains controversial. Purpose The aim of this study was to assess the effects of bisphosphonate therapy on the normal aortic valve and vitamin D induced in vivo rabbit aortic stenosis (AS) model. Methods The impact of calcium supplementation on the rabbit AS model was also evaluated. A total of 30 New Zealand white rabbits were divided into five equal groups: no treatment (Group I); 25,000 IU/day vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) (Group II, rabbit AS model); 25,000 IU/day cholecalciferol plus 2500 mg/day calcium carbonate (Group III); 20 μg/kg/week intravenous alendronate (Group IV) and 25,000 IU/day cholecalciferol plus 2500 mg/day calcium carbonate plus 20μg/kg/week alendronate (Group V). Echocardiography was performed at baseline and after 12 weeks of treatment. The left ventricular mass index (LVMI), aortic valve area (AVA), transvalvular velocities and gradients were recorded. Radiologic and histopathologic examination was performed at the end of the 12th week. Control animals displayed no abnormalities of the aortic valve. Results There was no echocardiographic change in Group IV. In Groups II, III and V, there was a significant decrease in AVA and increases in transvalvular velocities and gradients. However, these stenotic changes were significantly prominent in Group V (p=0.001 for all, via repeated measures ANOVA). Moreover, LVMI was only increased in Group V (p<0.05). Calcification of aortic valvar complex was detected in 14 (46.7%) cases by radiologic imaging and 10 (33.3%) cases by histopathologic examination. Most frequent calcification was found in Group V (5 for each method, 83.3%). Agatston, volume and equivalent mass scores of calcific foci in Group V were significantly higher than other groups (p<0.05 for all). There was no significant difference between groups regarding with presence of osteoclasts in calcific foci. Conclusion Calcium supplementation has no effect on the in vivo rabbit AS model. Alendronate treatment aggravates the stenosis and increases the calcification in the rabbit AS model. Alendronate treatment has no effect on the normal valve in which there was no osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis. Based on these findings, in patients with CAVD, alendronate treatment should be given with regular echocardiographic follow-up or may not be preferred. Central figure Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

scholarly journals Helicobacter Pylori Eradication with Beta Carotene, Ascorbic Acid and Allicin

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cem Koçkar ◽  
Mustafa Öztürk ◽  
Nüket Bavbek
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Group Vi ◽  
Group V ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori Eradication ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Group I

In this study, in vivo effectiveness of ascorbic acid (AA), beta carotene (BC) and allicin in HP eradication were evaluated. 210 patients who are HP positive in biopsy were involved in this study. The patients randomised to seven treatment groups (each group consisting of 30 patients). The first group was given standard eradication treatment (lansaprasol 30 mg bid, clarithromycin 500 mg bid, amoxicillin 1 g bid for 14 days). Second group received AA 1000 mg/day in addition to the standard treatment. Third group received only AA 1000 mg/day for 14 days. Fourth group was treated with standard regiment plus 120 mg/day BC. Fifth group was given only BC 120 mg/day for 14 days. Sixth group was given standard regiment and allicin 4200 μg/day. Seventh group received only Allicin 1200 μg/day for 14 days. The eradication was achieved in 20 (66.6 %) in group I, 15 (50 %) in group II, 3 (10 %) in group III, 15 (50 %) in group IV, 0 (0 %) in group V, 27 (90 %) in group VI and 7 (23.3 %) in group VII. Allicin seemed to be potentially effective agent for HP eradication but ascorbic acid, beta caroten was found to be ineffective.

Different Treatment Protocols of Retained Fetal Membranes and its Effect on Serum Profile, Uterine Involution and Postpartum Fertility in Cows

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. I. Shah ◽  
D. M. Patel ◽  
N. P. Sarvaiya ◽  
S. P. Madhira
Keyword(s):  
Group Iv ◽  
Fetal Membranes ◽  
Serum Progesterone ◽  
Group V ◽  
Manual Removal ◽  
Uterine Involution ◽  
Group I ◽  
Medicinal Treatment ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Postpartum Estrus

This study was undertaken on 36 freshly calved cows randomly divided into 6 equal groups under field conditions. Cows of group-VI that shed placenta within 8-12 hours postpartum naturally served as healthy control. The cows with retained fetal membranes (RFM, n = 18) for more than 12 hrs were managed either by manual removal of placenta without antibiotics (group-I), parenteral antibiotic (Ceftiofur 1 g i/m) for three consecutive days (group-II) or a combination of both (group-III). In group-IV and group-V, cows were administered with Inj. Oxytocin @ 50 IU i/m and Inj. Dinoprost tromethamine (PGF2α) @ 25 mg i/m, respectively, immediately after parturition and time of placental shedding was recorded. The overall prevalence of Brucellosis by RBPT was found to be 5.55 % amongst these 36 animals. The placental expulsion in groups following medicinal treatment was found to be 50 (3/6) % in Ceftiofur alone by 3 days (group-II), and 66.67 (4/6) % in Oxytocin (group-IV) and 100 (6/6) % in PGF2α inj. (group-V) groups within 12 hrs. The time of uterine involution in groups I to VI was found to be 42.00 ± 1.94, 39.50 ± 0.99, 40.67 ± 1.39, 38.33 ± 1.55, 37.50 ± 1.02 and 37.33 ± 1.76 days, respectively, while the interval for the appearance of first postpartum estrus was 54.83 ± 2.06, 51.00 ± 1.05, 52.17 ± 1.96, 50.17 ± 2.03, 48.67 ± 1.90 and 49.17 ± 1.55 days, respectively, which did not vary statistically. The mean serum progesterone profile obtained on day 0 and day 21 postpartum was statistically non-significant between groups. However, it was significantly (p less than 0.05) lower on day 0 as compared to day 21 in group-I, II and VI. The levels on day 0 coincided with the time of blood sampling after calving. The high level of serum P4 on day 0 in group-IV and V could be due to sampling immediately after calving. The serum calcium and phosphorus levels were significantly(p less than 0.05) lower on day 0 than on day 21, but not the magnesium. The group effect was however non-significant for any of three minerals. It was observed that manual removal of RFM without parenteral antibiotics, resulted in puerperal metritis, cervicitis, pyometra which ultimately resulted into delayed uterine involution, delayed first postpartum estrus and thus, reduced the postpartum reproductive efficiency. It was inferred that the PGF2α and Oxytocin injections could be used as a treatment of choice for prevention of RFMs in cattle.

A Study on the Effect of Samoa Extract (Cleome droserifolia) on Sperm Quality in Male Albino Rats Exposed to Pyrethroid

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
Nura I. Al-Zail ◽  
Salah F. Kamies
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Protective Agent ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Induced Changes

Pyrethroid cyhalothrin (PC) is an insecticide that is used worldwide for pest control in agriculture and household use. Samoa extract (SE) is a potent antioxidant protecting cells from oxidative stress. The present study investigates the protective and therapeutic effect of SE on PC-induced changes in sperm quality in male rats. Fifty adult male albino rats were divided into five groups: group I: served as control; group II: received PC i.p. only (6.2 mg/kg b.wt.); group III: received SE only (100 mg/kg b.wt., p.o.) for eight weeks; group IV: received SE as a protective agent daily for eight weeks, then followed by the administration of PC (i.p.) three times a week for two weeks; group V: exposed to PC (i.p.) three times a week for two weeks, then treated with the SE daily for 8 weeks. Results showed that PC caused markedly impaired sperm quality (a count, viability, motility, and abnormality). Compared to PC-treated animals, SE in the protective group markedly restored the alteration of sperm indices. However, SE in the curative group was found to be less effective in restoring PC-induced alterations. In conclusion, the data of this study revealed that the SE as a protective agent is more effective than as a therapeutic agent. Keywords: Samoa; Pyrethroid; Sperm quality; Rat

Effect of amino acid infusion on renal hemodynamics in humans: a dose-response study

1994 ◽  
Vol 267 (5) ◽  
pp. F703-F708 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Giordano ◽  
P. Castellino ◽  
E. L. McConnell ◽  
R. A. DeFronzo
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Renal Hemodynamics ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Amino Acid Infusion ◽  
Group I ◽  
Basal Plasma ◽  
Group Ii

We evaluated the dose-response relationship between the plasma amino acid (AA) concentration and renal hemodynamics in eight normal subjects. After an overnight fast, a balanced 10% AA solution was infused for 180 min at five separate infusion rates: 0.5 (group I), 1.0 (group II), 2.0 (group III), 4.0 (group IV), and 6.0 (group V) ml.kg-1.min-1 on separate days. Basal plasma AA concentration was 1.87 +/- 0.1 mmol/l and increased to 2.26 +/- 0.1 (group I), 2.66 +/- 0.2 (group II), 3.79 +/- 0.5 (group III), 5.81 +/- 0.4 (group IV), and 7.41 +/- 0.4 mmol/l (group V). Basal glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal plasma flow (RPF) averaged 95 +/- 4 and 476 +/- 29 ml.1.73 m-2.min-1, respectively, and rose to 98 +/- 5 and 506 +/- 40 (group I) [P = not significant (NS)], 102 +/- 3 and 533 +/- 30 (group II) (P < 0.05 vs. basal), 110 +/- 4 and 567 +/- 29 (group III), 115 +/- 7 and 610 +/- 55 (group IV), and 117 +/- 7 and 614 +/- 66 ml.1.73 m-2.min-1 (group V) (P = NS vs. group IV). Basal plasma glucagon concentration averaged 68 +/- 10 pg/ml and increased to 74 +/- 10 (group I), 83 +/- 11 (group II) (P < 0.05 vs. basal), 100 +/- 14 (group III), 121 +/- 14 (group IV), and 229 +/- 35 pg/ml (group V) (P < 0.01 vs. basal). Increases in plasma growth hormone (GH) and insulin levels were observed only during groups IV and V.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

scholarly journals The Effect of Flowable Composite Lining Thickness with Various Curing Techniques on Microleakage in Class II Composite Restorations: An in vitro Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Nagalaxmi Reddy ◽  
DN Jayashankar ◽  
Mohanthomas Nainan
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Flowable Composite ◽  
Composite Restorations ◽  
Group I ◽  
Composite Lining

ABSTRACT Aim Aim of this study was to compare class II composite restoration using flowable composites as lining with various thickness and curing techniques by evaluating cervical marginal microleakage. Materials and methods Fifty intact molars, each prepared with two box-only class II cavities, were randomly divided into five groups: Group I, P60 filling alone; group II, ultrathin flowable composite lining (0.5-1mm) cocured with overlying composite; group III, thin lining (1-1.5) cocured with overlying composite; group IV, ultrathin lining (0.5-1 mm) precured and group V, thin lining (1-1.5) precured. The teeth were then thermocycled for 1500 cycles (between 5 and 60 °C) and immersed in dye for 24 hours. Cervical microleakage was measured as the extent of dye penetration. Results Cocured specimens (groups II and III) showed least microleakage and control specimens (group I) showed maximum microleakage. On comparison of curing techniques, cocured specimens (groups II and III) showed less microleakage than precured (groups IV and V). On comparison of lining thickness and type of curing, group IV showed less microleakage than group V. Groups II and III were statistically not significant. Conclusion It was concluded from the results that ultrathin cocured flowable composite lining specimens improved the marginal sealing with decreased microleakage. Clinical significance In this study, the application of additional flowable composite lining with various thicknesses presented different influences in marginal quality of class II box only composite restorations. A new technique applying an ultrathin flowable composite lining with cocuring technique improved the marginal sealing with decreased microleakage. Restorations with thin lining presented reduced marginal integrity after thermocycling. How to cite this article Reddy SN, Jayashankar DN, Nainan M, Shivanna V. The Effect of Flowable Composite Lining Thickness with Various Curing Techniques on Microleakage in Class II Composite Restorations: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(1):56-60.

scholarly journals Effect of a Diet Composed of Genetically Modified Feed Components on the Selected Immune Parameters in Pigs, Cattle, and Poultry

2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Bednarek ◽  
Katarzyna Dudek ◽  
Krzysztof Kwiatek ◽  
Małgorzata Świątkiewicz ◽  
Sylwester Świątkiewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Group Vi ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Immune Parameters ◽  
Group I ◽  
Toxin Protein ◽  
Gm Soybean

Abstract The aim of the study was to evaluate the immune effects of genetically modified (GM), insect resistant corn (MON810) expressing toxin protein of Bacillus thuringiensis, and glyphosate-tolerant soybean meal (Roundup Ready MON-40-30-2), which are used as the feed mixture components in domestic animals. The study was conducted on 60 pigs (36 fatteners and 24 sows), 20 calves, 40 broilers, and 40 laying hens. Each species was divided into four basic nutritional groups: group I (control) - conventional feed, group II - feed consisted of GM soybean meal and non-modified corn, group III - non-modified soybean meal and GM corn, group IV - GM soybean meal and GM corn. Moreover, in the experiment on fatteners two additional groups were formed: group V - animals fed both conventional soybean meal and bruised grain, and group VI - GM soybean meal and conventional bruised grain. The results of study did not reveal any significant effect of feed mixtures containing GM components on the immune response in all animals regardless of their species and technological producing groups.

Validation of Unani concept of Abadāl-i-Adwiya (drug substitution) by physicochemical standardization and hepatoprotective activity of Aristolochia rotunda Linn. and its substitute Curcuma Zedoaria Rosc. in albino Wistar rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Athar Parvez Ansari ◽  
Sumyyah Hasina Sana ◽  
Mohammad Younis Dar ◽  
Pankaj Goswami ◽  
N. Zaheer Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Serum Bilirubin ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Curcuma Zedoaria ◽  
Group V ◽  
Drug Substitution ◽  
Group I

Abstract Objectives To validate the concept of abadāl-i-adwiya (drug substitution) by evaluation of physicochemical standardization and hepatoprotective activity of Aristolochia rotunda & its substitute, Curcuma Zedoaria in albino Wistar rats. Methods Physicochemical standardization by estimation of moisture content, ash values and extractive values were carried out using standard methods. Hepatotoxicity was induced in albino Wistar rats using CCl4 1 mL/kg s. c. on alternate day for 14 days. Group I was served as Plain control and Group II as Negative control. Group III was administered silymarin 50 mg/kg p. o. while Group IV received HAE of A. rotunda 89.64 mg/kg p. o., and Group V was administered HAE of C. Zedoaria 45.73 mg/kg p. o. At the end of the study, serum bilirubin, AST (SGOT), ALT (SGPT) and ALP were estimated. The histopathology of liver was also carried out. Results The physicochemical parameters of both test drugs viz. moisture content, total ash, acid insoluble ash and water soluble ash were found within normal limit. The total serum bilirubin, direct bilirubin, AST (SGOT), ALT (SGPT) levels were significantly decreased in Test groups A and B when compared to the Negative and Standard controls. The microscopic examination of liver collected from animals of Group IV and Group V revealed significant recovery from hepatic toxicity compared to the Negative control. Conclusions The study experimentation has revealed that C. Zedoaria may be used as a substitute for A. rotunda in the treatment of liver diseases. However, the outcome has to be further corroborated with phytochemical evaluation and clinical trials of both the drugs. Furthermore, the concept of drug substitute in Unani system of medicine is also validated in the light of above study.

scholarly journals Essential Oils of some Mentha Species and Cultivars, their Chemistry and Bacteriostatic Activity

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1601100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Ludwiczuk ◽  
Anna Kiełtyka-Dadasiewicz ◽  
Rafał Sawicki ◽  
Joanna Golus ◽  
Grażyna Ginalska
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Reference Strain ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Bacteriostatic Activity ◽  
Major Purpose ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I

The major purpose of this study was to determine the chemical relationships between the essential oils (EO) obtained form 18 mint samples of different species and its cultivars. GC/MS analysis of all essential oils showed that oxygenated monoterpenoids are the major components of these oils, with the exception of Mentha arvensis ‘Banana’. Based on the chemical composition of the essential oils, the analyzed mints can be divided into five groups. Group I was characterized by the presence of menthol and menthone, piperitenone oxide is the major constituent of group II, linalool of group III, carvone characterizes group IV, while 3-octanone is the most characteristic compound for group V. A reference strain of biofilm forming Staphylococcus epidermidis ATTC 35984 was tested against the obtained essential oils. Two of them, M. suaveolens ‘Variegata’ and M. x piperita ‘Almira’ exhibited significant bacteriostatic activity. The MIC values of these EOs were 0.25% and 0.5% respectively in comparison with an average MIC of 4% of the other tested mint EOs. Both active EOs are characterized by the presence of piperitenone oxide as the major component.

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of Apical Sealing Ability of Different Obturation Techniques by Confocal Microscopy: An In Vitro Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (02) ◽  
pp. 55-59
Author(s):  
Reetu Arora ◽  
Yogesh Kumar ◽  
Neetu Jindal ◽  
Renu Aggarwal ◽  
Kavneet Takhar
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Vi ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I

Abstract Introduction The aim of obturation in the root canal is to completely seal the canal space to eliminate all the portals of entry and exit between root canal and periodontal space. Various techniques have been developed to achieve a hermetic seal. Materials and Methods As many as 150 extracted human maxillary central incisors were taken for the study. Biomechanical preparation was done up to F5 protaper file. According to different obturation techniques, samples were divided into six groups, keeping 30 samples in experimental and 15 samples in control groups. Group I–Lateral Condensation, Group II–Thermafil, Group III–Beefill, Group IV–GuttaFlow, Group V–Positive Control group, Group VI–Negative Control group. After obturation, the samples were immersed in 2% Rhodamine-B dye for 24 hours. Each sample was longitudinally sectioned to examine under confocal laser scanning microscope. Statistical Analysis The results were evaluated with ANOVA and posthoc Tukey honest significant difference (HSD) comparison test. Results The mean values of dye penetration of different groups were Group I (Lateral Condensation) 1.51 ± 0.451, Group II (Thermafil) 0.918 ± 0.399, Group III (Beefill) 1.30 ± 0.559. Group IV (GuttaFlow) 0.655 ± 0.396, Group V (Positive Control group) 1.96 ±0.046, Group VI (Negative Control group) 0 ± 0. The lowest mean value of apical microleakage was found in GuttaFlow amongst all experimental groups. Conclusion It can be concluded that the GuttaFlow obturating material exhibited better apical sealing ability with canal walls.

Evidence for the role of PO4 deficiency in antihypertensive action of a high-Ca diet

1984 ◽  
Vol 246 (3) ◽  
pp. H324-H331 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Lau ◽  
S. Chen ◽  
B. Eby
Keyword(s):  
Group Iv ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Group Vi ◽  
Group V ◽  
Intact Group ◽  
Volume Contraction ◽  
Antihypertensive Action ◽  
Group I ◽  
Salutary Effect

Previous studies indicated a salutary effect of a high-Ca diet on high blood pressure (BP). The mechanism, however, is obscure. With balance and clearance techniques, the role of parathyroid hormone (PTH), volume contraction, hypercalcemia, and PO4 deficiency was evaluated in female spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR). The antihypertensive effects of a high (4.3%) Ca diet in intact animals (groups I and II) could be reproduced in both 9- and 22-wk-old chronic stable parathyroidectomized (PTX) rats (groups III and IV), when compared with a low (0.22%) or normal (1.2%) CA diet. In both short (7 days) and long (12 wk) term exposure to the high-Ca diet, evidence for volume contraction could not be documented despite hypercalcemia sustained through the 12th wk (10.8 vs. 9.7 mg/100 ml, group I control, P less than 0.02). When produced by ip injections, chronic hypercalcemia of similar magnitudes as oral Ca supplements failed to reduce BP in either intact (group VI) or PTX (group IV) rats. Rats in group IV fed the high-Ca diet displayed marked hypophosphatemia (3.2 vs. 6.9 mg/100 ml), hypophosphaturia (0.15 vs. 15 mg/day), hypermagnesiuria (11 vs. 7.7 mg/day), and drastically reduced net intestinal PO4 absorption (13.3 +/- 7.5 vs. 66.8 +/- 7.5 mg/day) compared with rats fed 1.2% Ca diet. To test the PO4-deficiency hypothesis, additional SHR (group V) were fed either 1.2% Ca diet and injected ip with NaCl or fed 4.3% Ca diet, with half of these animals injected with neutral NaPO4 and half with NaCl.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document