151 Intake, Growth, and Insectifugal Outcomes Associated with Free-choice Supplementation of Garlic Products to Feedlot Steers

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 77-78
Author(s):  
Iris Ho In Cheang-Deis ◽  
Herbert Lardner ◽  
Kateryn Rochon ◽  
Oluwatobi Oyedeji ◽  
Hushton Block ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Choice ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Feeding Behaviors ◽  
Mineral Supplement ◽  
Garlic Powder ◽  
Feedlot Steers ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Phytochemical Profiles ◽  
Supplement Intake

Abstract Conflicting anecdotal accounts from producers about their cattle performance and fly-repellence outcomes while receiving garlic-infused supplements have limited feeding decisions. This study evaluated differences in animal performance and insectifugal outcomes among four groups (26 steers per group) over two years (total = 208 steers). The steers either received non-garlic mineral supplement (MS), MS+0.3% garlic oil-based premix (GOil), MS+2.5% garlic powder (LGP), or MS+5% garlic powder (HGP). A completely randomized design was implemented where each steer was assigned to each treatment group while balancing for bodyweight and breed composition. Steers received a feedlot ration and free-choice mineral supplement for 86 and 108 d in the first and second year, respectively. Individual feed and supplement consumption were measured with automatic feeding units. Fly abundance on each animal was determined using digital images collected during weekly fly surveys. The ADG, feed efficiency, ultrasound body composition, and intake-related activities were also evaluated during the study. Data were analyzed using linear- or generalized linear mixed models in SAS. A significant year and Group×year interactions were observed for daily supplement intake (P < 0.02). Similar interactions (P < 0.04) were observed for feeding behaviors associated with supplement intake. Fly abundance during the peak months was below the economic threshold and was not different among the groups (P = 0.25), but the year and Group×year interactions were significant (P < 0.02). There were no differences among the groups for DMI (P = 0.81), ADG (P = 0.54) and gain to feed ratio (P = 0.34). The Group×year interactions were present for the change in ultrasound rib-fat-thickness. The reasons behind the differences in supplement intake are not clear but may be related to the garlic products’ phytochemical profiles. These results suggest that further studies are required to identify the specific bioactive compounds in garlic that affect supplement intake.

153 Differences in Health and Carcass Characteristics of Yearling Steers That Received Free-choice Garlic-infused Mineral Supplements

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 77-77
Author(s):  
Iris Ho In Cheang-Deis ◽  
Oluwatobi Oyedeji ◽  
Hushton Block ◽  
Kateryn Rochon ◽  
Mika Asai-Coakwell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Choice ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Mineral Supplement ◽  
Mineral Supplements ◽  
Garlic Powder ◽  
Normal Ranges

Abstract Garlic products have been reported to have antimicrobial effects and may trigger anemia in horses, but their direct impact on feedlot cattle has not been detailed. With increased free-choice feeding of garlic-infused mineral supplements to beef cattle, it is important to evaluate this strategy’s impact on the animals’ health and the potential impact on carcass qualities. This 2-yr study recruited 208 crossbred feedlot steers in a supplementation trial using a completely randomized design. Each year, 104 steers were assigned to 1 of 4 groups that received either non-garlic mineral supplement (MS), MS + 0.3% garlic-oil-based premix (GOil), MS + 2.5% garlic powder (LGP), MS + 5% garlic powder (HGP). Feed and supplements were provided on an ad-lib basis and were measured for each steer with automatic feeding units. The study evaluated health indicators such as blood parameters and internal parasites. At harvest, carcass characteristics (including the incidence of liver abscesses) were assessed for all steers. The groups consumed between 156 and 208 g/d of the supplement over the two years, with the MS group having a lower overall supplement intake than other groups. The average daily consumption of garlic products in GOil, LGP, and HGP were approximately 0.6g/d, 5.2g/d, and 10.1g/d, respectively. There was no difference in total fecal egg counts (P = 0.45) among the groups. There was no association between the treatment groups and incidences of liver abscess scores (P = 0.10) nor carcass grade outcomes (P = 0.84). Further, there were no differences in hot carcass weight (P = 0.90), rib eye area (P = 0.34) and carcass backfat thickness (P = 0.99). All blood parameters evaluated were within normal ranges for all groups. The results suggest that infusing commercial garlic products into mineral supplements is not associated with undesirable effects on cattle health or carcass characteristics.

scholarly journals 112 Mineral supplement intake by weaned steers as affected by offering multiple salt sources

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 48-48
Author(s):  
Jane A Parish ◽  
Kalisha C Yankey ◽  
Libby S Durst
Keyword(s):  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Nutritional Supplements ◽  
Mineral Supplement ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Acclimation Period ◽  
Mixed Grass ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Supplement Intake

Abstract Pastured cattle are sometimes offered multiple separate salt (NaCl)-containing nutritional supplements. This study objective was to determine how range meal presence impacts mineral supplement intake when cattle choose between multiple salt source offerings. Weaned Bos taurus crossbred steers (n = 24) (initial BW = 263 ± 4.0 kg) were stratified by BW in a completely randomized design across 4 pens with 2 GrowSafe bunks per pen with ad libitum access to mixed-grass pasture and 1) one bunk supplied with a mineral supplement containing 15.0% salt (Grazer Hi/Se Hi/Cu CTC 2800; Multi-Kare, Inc., Tifton, GA) (MINERAL) or 2) one bunk containing a 2:1 range meal containing 30% salt and 13% CP (HI-GRAIN RANGE MEAL 1–2; Land O’Lakes Purina Feed LLC, Shoreview, MN) and the other bunk containing the mineral supplement (RM2) (Exp. 1). In Exp. 2 the 2:1 range meal was replaced with a 3:1 range meal containing 22.5% salt and 15% CP (HI-GRAIN RANGE MEAL 1–3; Land O’Lakes Purina Feed LLC, Shoreview, MN) (RM3). After a 14-d acclimation period intake was monitored for 42 days for Exp. 1 followed by a 7-d acclimation and Exp. 2 spanning 42 days. Mean daily DMI per steer were 104.6 ± 22.7 g and 525.8 ± 228.0 g of the 2:1 and 3:1 range meal, respectively. In Exp. 1 steer daily DMI was greater (P < 0.01) for MINERAL (31.9 ± 2.2 g) than for the mineral portion (4.3 ± 2.2 g) of RM2. Mean steer daily DMI in Exp. 2 was greater (P < 0.01) for MINERAL (57.2 ± 6.1 g) than the mineral portion (3.4 + 6.1 g) of RM3. Range meal offered separately and simultaneously with a salt-containing mineral supplement decreases mineral supplement consumption by severalfold with implications for potential inadequate daily intake of nutrients and medications mixed in these supplements.

scholarly journals PSX-36 Late-Breaking Abstract: Effect of increasing levels of soy hulls in finishing diets of feedlot cattle offered free-choice hay on performance, roughage intake and carcass characteristics

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 352-353
Author(s):  
Alejandro Pittaluga ◽  
Tara L Felix ◽  
Alejandro E Relling
Keyword(s):  
Free Choice ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Mineral Supplement ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
Soy Hulls

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of increasing quantity of soy-hulls in diets of feedlot cattle offered free-choice hay on finishing performance, roughage intake, and carcass characteristics. Sixty heifers and 54 steers, Angus*Simangus-crossbreds, were used in a randomized complete block design. Cattle were stratified by sex and weight and randomly assigned to 1 of 12 pens. Treatment 1 consisted of 5% soy hulls (SH; 5%SH), 70% cracked corn (CC), 15% dry distiller grains with soluble (DDGS), 10% mineral supplement (SUP). Treatments 2 (10%SH) and 3 (15%SH) included an additional 5% and 10% SH in place of CC, respectively. Hay was offered ad libitum and separate from the concentrates in different bunks, both concentrate and forage were fed in GrowSafe units. Data were analyzed as a complete block design and mean differences in group means were determined using polynomial contrast [lineal (L) and quadratic (Q)]. There was a quadratic effect of soy hull inclusion on final body weight (fBW) and concentrate intake (Q-P ˂ 0.05); 5%SH and 15%SH had a greater fBW and concentrate intake compared to those fed 10%SH. Gain to feed ratio was not affected by treatments (L-P ≥ 0.33). There was a linear effect of SH on hay intake (L-P ˂ 0.05) with cattle fed 5%SH consuming less hay than those fed 15%SH. There was no effect on ribeye area, yield grade, or backfat (L-P ≥ 0.35; Q-P ≥ 0.14). Hot carcass weight tended to quadratically respond to dietary treatments (Q-P < 0.10), while marbling score tended to be linearly decreased by increased SH inclusion (L-P = 0.09). Kidney-pelvic-heart fat was linearly decreased by increased SH inclusion (L-P ˂ 0.05). Results indicate that non-roughage NDF from by-products can effectively contribute to a reduction of roughage utilization in feedlot diets without compromising growth performance or carcass characteristics.

scholarly journals Tingkah Laku Makan Sapi Peranakan Ongole yang Diberi Pakan Berbasis Jerami Padi Amoniasi Dengan Metode Pemberian yang Berbeda

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Muhamad Bata ◽  
Akhmad Sodiq
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Free Choice ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Eating Time ◽  
Feeding Method ◽  
Feeder Cattle ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Feeding Methods

(Feeding behavior of local cattle fed based ammoniation rice straw with different feeding method)ABSTRACT. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of feeding methods on feeding behavior include the frequency and duration of eating time, the frequency and the duration of rumination for one day, night and daytime. The study used twenty of local cattle feeder males (Peranakan Ongole) with an age range of 1.5 – 2 years old and initial weight were 200-273 kg. They were fed randomly with four feeding methods of top concentrate, component feeding, total mixed ration (TMR) and free choice. Thus, completely randomized design was used for this study. Data length of eating and rumination time was analyzed using analysis of variance and continuities by honestly significant difference test (HSD). The frequency of eating and rumination were analyzed using Chi square. The results showed that the treatments affect significantly (P 0.05) on spent of eating night; rumination daytime and night spent, but had no effect (P0,05) on spent of eating one day, spent of eating daytime and spent of rumination  for one day. Rumination frequency one day, daytime, and night were not affected (P 0.05) by feeding method. Night rumination of feeder cattle groups fed with TMR method were longer ( P 0.05 ) compared to feeder cattle groups fed with Component Feeding and Free Choice method, but it was similar ( P 0.05 ) to feeder cattle groups fed with Top Concentrate. Between the groups feeder cattle fed with Component feeding and Free Choice were not significantly different ( P 0.05 ).

scholarly journals 167 Addition of garlic powder at low doses stimulated mineral consumption in feedlot cattle

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 128-128
Author(s):  
Obioha N Durunna ◽  
Iris Cheang-Deis ◽  
Bart Lardner ◽  
Kateryn Rochon ◽  
Herman W Barkema ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Mineral Supplement ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Garlic Powder ◽  
Normal Ranges ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Hematological And Biochemical Parameters ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The trial evaluated whether the addition of garlic powder increased mineral intake and reduced fly abundance in feedlot cattle. Following a completely randomized design, one hundred and four (104) spring-born crossbred steers (BW 529 ± 8kg) were recruited for the feeding trial at Lakeland College, Vermilion Alberta, Canada. Each steer was assigned to one of four treatment groups (26 steers each) where each group received a commercial feedlot mineral mixed with garlic powder to give a final supplement mix that contained either 2.5% or 5% garlic powder or 0.3% garlic-oil-based premix or 0% garlic product (as control). The animals received a feedlot ration. The different treatment groups were kept within side-by-side pens, each equipped with water troughs and automatic feeding equipment to measure individual feed and mineral consumption. Feed and mineral supplements were provided ad libitum. Differences were observed for mineral intake (P = 0.003), ADG (P = 0.002) and feed conversion efficiency (P = 0.01). Compared to the control, mineral supplement consumption increased between 18 to 50% in groups that received garlic-infused supplements. Fly counts did not differ among the groups, in part, due to low overall fly abundance. While there were no differences (P = 0.21) in the length of time the steers spent consuming feed, differences existed for time spent consuming minerals (P = 0.002) and mineral bunk visits (P = 0.0003). There was no difference (P > 0.18) in DMI, final body weight or hot carcass weight among the different groups. The hematological and biochemical parameters were within normal ranges for healthy cattle, and there was no difference in carcass quality grades (P = 0.78). Even though the impact on fly-counts was inconclusive, the preliminary results show that including low-dose garlic powder could be a practical strategy of increasing mineral consumption without any associated negative health consequences.

scholarly journals Pertambahan Bobot Badan dan Waktu Pembusukan Daging Ayam Broiler yang Diberi Ekstrak Jaloh Dikombinasi dengan Kromium

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Sugito Sugito ◽  
Erdiansyah Rahmi ◽  
Azhari Azhari ◽  
M. Isa
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
The Body ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The gain body weight and Spoilage of meat broiler which giving jaloh extract to combine with chromiumABSTRACT. A study was conducted on broiler chickens under heat stress to evaluate the effect of combined jaloh (Salix tetrasperma Roxb) extract with chromium mineral in the body weight, value of feed ratio conversion, and time to meat to become decomposed. Twenty four of 20-day old Cobb female broiler chickens were randomly assigned and divided to 4 treatment groups. Completely randomized design was used in this study. The treatments were as follows: 1) chickens given no heat stress and jaloh extract nor chromium (tCp); 2) chickens under heat stress without given jaloh extract nor chromium (Cp); 3) chickens under heat stress and given jaloh extract in 1.000 mg/lt drinking water (Cp+Ej); and 4) chickens under heat stress, given jaloh extract in 1.000 mg/lt drinking water, and chromium in 1.000 ug/lt drinking water (Cp+Ej+Cr). Heat stress given was 33 ± 1oC of cage temperature during 4 hours per day within 15 days. Jaloh extract and chromium treatments in drinking water were given at 2 hour before cage temperature reaching 33 ± 1oC and were stopped being given after 1 hour, when cage temperature back to room temperature. On the 16th day of the study chickens were measured before slaughtered. Samples obtained were chicken meat that taken from breast part (musculus pectoralis). The result suggested that either giving jaloh extract per se at the dose of 1.000 mg/lt in drinking water or combine it with chromium that given two hours before cage temperature reaching 33 ± 1oC, can prevent chickens from decreasing their body weight, decreasing value of feed ratio convertion, and extending time to meat to become decomposed.

scholarly journals Individual mineral supplement intake by ewes swath grazing or confinement fed pea-barley forage

2015 ◽  
Vol 200 ◽  
pp. 107-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devon L. Ragen ◽  
Erin E. Nix ◽  
Rachel L. Endecott ◽  
Patrick G. Hatfield ◽  
Mark K. Petersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Supplement ◽  
Supplement Intake

scholarly journals Supplementation of grazing beef cattle with narasin

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Guilherme Mezzena Gobato ◽  
Daniel Montanher Polizel ◽  
Marcos Vinícius de Castro Ferraz Júnior ◽  
Alexandre Arantes Miszura ◽  
José Paulo Roman Barroso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Initial Body Weight ◽  
Mineral Supplement ◽  
Protein Supplements ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Supplement Intake

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of narasin inclusion in mineral and protein supplements on the performance and supplement intake of grazing beef yearlings. One hundred and fifty Nellore yearlings with 17.0±0.06 months of age and 219.7±1.62 kg initial body weight (BW) were allocated into 30 experimental units (EUs), with five animals each. The EUs were assigned to 16 paddocks, which were continuously stocked for 28 days, followed by 28 days of rest. A randomized complete block design was used. The experiment lasted 140 days, divided into five periods of 28 days each. The assessed treatments were: control mineral supplement (CON); CON + 1,800 (N1800) or 2,750 (N2750) mg narasin per kilogram of supplement; and protein mineral supplement (PROT) or PROT + 360 mg narasin per kilogram of supplement (PROT 360). The inclusion of narasin in the mineral supplement increased average daily gain (ADG) in the first period and decreased supplement intake in the first, second, and third periods, when compared with the CON treatment. The ADG and supplement intake were similar between the N1800 and N2750 treatments. Narasin has a positive effect on ADG up to 28 days of supplementation and controls mineral supplement intake, without compromising this gain.

scholarly journals GARLIC POWDER IN RATIONS FOR NILE TILAPIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 32-41
Author(s):  
Elton Lima Santos ◽  
Maria do Carmo Mohaupt Marques Ludke ◽  
José Milton Barbosa ◽  
Emerson Carlos Soares ◽  
Misleni Ricarte de Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Circulation System ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Garlic Powder ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Apparent Digestibility Coefficient ◽  
Somatic Index

The This study evaluated the effect of levels of garlic powder (0.0, 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 g.kg-1) added to diets for Nile tilapia on animal performance, villi height and diet digestibility. The rations consisted of pellets and tilapia and were fed to apparent satiation for 60 days. 120 fish, with initial average weight of 4.20 ± 0.4 g, were masculinized and distributed in 24 aquariums of 70L in a randomized design consisting of four treatments and six replications in a closed circulation system with constant aeration. 240 fishes was used for feces collected by an indirect method (Guelph modified system) and estimation of coefficients of apparent digestibility using 0.5 g.kg-1 of chromic oxide as an inert indicator incorporated into the ration. No significant differences in performance related to organ weight, the hepato-somatic index, the viscero-somatic fat index and villi height were observed. However, the apparent digestibility coefficient of rations was negatively affected by the addition of garlic powder. Garlic powder as an additive in rations for Nile tilapia did not provide positive effects as a growth promoter and worsened the digestibility of nutrients among the tested treatments.

scholarly journals PSXII-22 Performance of Nellore bulls fed with rehydrated corn silage or rehydrated sorghum silage or sorghum grain in substitution of corn grain

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 419-419
Author(s):  
Josimari R Paschoaloto ◽  
Laissa A Guimarães ◽  
Ellem Maria A Matos ◽  
Severino D Junqueira Villela
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Mineral Supplement ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Sorghum Silage ◽  
Sorghum Grain ◽  
Corn Grain

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the corn grain cracked substitution by sorghum grain, rehydrated corn silage, or rehydrated sorghum silage on animal performance. Thirty-two Nellore bulls initially weighing 324.76 ± 36.0 were used in a completely randomized design distributed in four treatments: corn grain (CG), sorghum grain (SG), rehydrated corn silage (RCS) and rehydrated sorghum silage (RSS). Pen was considered the experimental unit. Response variables included: final body weight (FBW) and dry matter intake (DMI). The basal diet consisted of (DM basis) of 30% sorghum silage as roughage, and 70% of concentrate, consisted of corn grain or sorghum grain or rehydrated corn silage, or rehydrated sorghum silage, soybean hulls, soybean meal, and mineral supplement. The data were analyzed using PROC GLM of SAS and means were compared by Tukey test. Feeding sorghum grain, rehydrated corn silage or rehydrated sorghum silage did not affect the DMI and, consequently, did not affect significantly the final body weight (FBW). The FBW means of each treatment were 444.38, 434.69, 464.22, 443.44, and the DMI were 9.57, 9.23, 9.06, 9.19, respectively to corn grain (CG), sorghum grain (SG), rehydrated corn silage (RCS) and rehydrated sorghum silage (RSS) treatments. It was concluded that diets based on corn grain or sorghum grain, rehydrated or not, can support a similar performance of Nellore bulls finished in feedlot.

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