scholarly journals Universality in ant behaviour

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (102) ◽  
pp. 20140985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Christensen ◽  
Dario Papavassiliou ◽  
Alexandre de Figueiredo ◽  
Nigel R. Franks ◽  
Ana B. Sendova-Franks
Keyword(s):  
Social System ◽  
Scaling Function ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Unified Theory ◽  
Event Duration ◽  
Average Speed ◽  
The Social ◽  
Acceleration And Deceleration ◽  
And Control ◽  
Social Level

Prediction for social systems is a major challenge. Universality at the social level has inspired a unified theory for urban living but individual variation makes predicting relationships within societies difficult. Here, we show that in ant societies individual average speed is higher when event duration is longer. Expressed as a single scaling function, this relationship is universal because for any event duration an ant, on average, moves at the corresponding average speed except for a short acceleration and deceleration at the beginning and end. This establishes cause and effect within a social system and may inform engineering and control of artificial ones.

Dialectics of the Development of the Integrated Social Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-168
Author(s):  
Alexander A. Somkin
Keyword(s):  
Social System ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Dialectical Approach ◽  
The Social ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Successful Resolution ◽  
Determining Factor

Introduction. The paper analyzes the specificity of the dialectical development of the integrated social systems of such a personality and society. The presence of positive (natural) contradictions is recognized as a necessary and creative factor in social practice. Under the influence of this type of contradiction, the old, outdated forms of social structure (individual components of the social system) are denied and transformed to new, more perfect ones occurs as a result of their successful resolution. Methods. In the analysis, the author relied on a system-holistic approach, traditional general philosophical methods: induction and deduction, theoretical analysis and synthesis, extrapolation, etc. Discussion. The social system as an integrated unity goes through a number of stages from inception, formation and maturity to the transition to a qualitatively new state. Accordingly, the process of the emergence and development of dialectical contradictions also has several stages: from insignificant differences between opposite sides at the beginning of the emergence of the system to their strengthening and exacerbation. The nature of the contradictions depends on the specifics of the opposing sides, as well as on the conditions in which their interaction unfolds. The determining factor here, in the opinion of the author, is the positive (natural) direction of social opposition, under the influence of which the essence of the contradictions themselves is formed. Conclusion. According to the dialectical approach, the source of social development is the unity and struggle of opposites within the social system. However, the presence of opposite sides is a necessary but insufficient condition for development. They create the preconditions for it, but do not act as its driving force. Only a change in one opposition relative to another creates alternative tension, giving rise to a dialectical contradiction. Therefore, the antagonistic or non-antagonistic character of the latter is due to the positive (natural) or negative character of the social opposition itself.

scholarly journals Crossing boundaries: Social-scientific reading of the faith of a Canaanite woman (Mt 15:21–28)

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mookgo S Kgatle
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
South African ◽  
Social System ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Gender And Sexuality ◽  
African Women ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Scientific ◽  
South African Women ◽  
Canaanite Woman

Social-scientific criticism refers to an interpretation of the biblical text that takes into cognizance the social system that produced that text. This article presents a social scientific reading of the faith of a Canaanite woman in Matthew 15:21–28. The article outlines models of social systems in Matthew 15:21–28 like landscape and spatiality, gender and sexuality, ethnicity, purity, and social status in order to achieve a social scientific reading. The purpose of this article is to firstly demonstrate that the models of social system in Matthew 15:21–28 served as boundaries to the faith of a Canaanite woman. Secondly, it is to demonstrate that the Canaanite woman crossed such boundaries in Matthew 15:21–28 for her daughter to receive healing. Lastly, the Canaanite woman serves as a model for South African women today who have to cross boundaries like landscape and spatiality, gender and sexuality, ethnicity, purity, and social status.

scholarly journals Reflection of documents in the digital twin of the company and calculation of their impact on human behavior in the simulation model

E-Management ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 50-60
Author(s):  
M. V. Samosudov
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Social System ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Control Effect ◽  
Economic Space ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Digital Twin ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact ◽  
System Operating

The formation and formation of the Industry 4.0 concept stimulated the discussion of the use of computer technology in various areas of economic activity and, in particular, in the automation of social systems management. The basis of the concept is the inclusion of a virtual image of the social system in the form of a mathematical model or a digital twin of the enterprise in the production and management system. At the same time, it should be noted that today digital twin are created mainly only for technical objects used in the activities of enterprises. The purpose of the article is to demonstrate the possibility of fixing organizational documents as one of the system-forming factors in the digital twin of an enterprise. This circumstance makes it possible, firstly, to more accurately calculate the managerial effects of managers by taking into account the impact of organizational documents on the activities of employees of the enterprise; secondly, to identify conflicts of documents developed by various departments of the company; thirdly, to calculate the content of documents during their development (design), based on the requirements of the situation or a given control effect. This possibility arises due to the use of a comprehensive mathematical model of the social system operating in an active environment. The model is a simulation agent-based model and allows you to calculate the dynamics of the social system in the socio-economic space, which allows its use in decision support systems by managers of any scale and activities to calculate the expected effect of management decisions – the specifics of a particular social system are taken into account by combining the values of the phase variables describing the state of the enterprise. The novelty of the research paper lies in the fact that it shows: the possibility to calculate the influence of organizational documents on the behavior of participants and, consequently, on the result of the social system, as well as the mechanism for converting messages, which are invariants of socio-economic space into information that affects the behavior of participants of relations.

Cyber Security Model of Artificial Social System Man-Machine

2015 ◽  
pp. 500-514
Author(s):  
Calin Ciufudean
Keyword(s):  
Cyber Security ◽  
Social System ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Discrete Event ◽  
Shared Environment ◽  
Security Model ◽  
Automatic Data ◽  
Optimum Trajectory ◽  
Multi Agent ◽  
And Control

Cyber Security Model of Artificial Social System Man-Machine takes advantage of an important chapter of artificial intelligence, discrete event systems applied for modelling and simulation of control, logistic supply, chart positioning, and optimum trajectory planning of artificial social systems. “An artificial social system is a set of restrictions on agents` behaviours in a multi-agent environment. Its role is to allow agents to coexist in a shared environment and pursue their respective goals in the presence of other agents” (Moses & Tennenholtz, n.d.). Despite conventional approaches, Cyber Security Model of Artificial Social System Man-Machine is not guided by rigid control algorithms but by flexible, event-adaptable ones that makes them more lively and available. All these allow a new design of artificial social systems dotted with intelligence, autonomous decision-making capabilities, and self-diagnosing properties. Heuristics techniques, data mining planning activities, scheduling algorithms, automatic data identification, processing, and control represent as many trumps for these new systems analyzing formalism. The authors challenge these frameworks to model and simulate the interaction of man-machine in order to have a better look at the human, social, and organizational privacy and information protection.

scholarly journals Actual Problems of Modeling Social Systems in the Digital Economy

2020 ◽  
pp. 16-24
Author(s):  
Maya Kuznetsova
Keyword(s):  
Social System ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
New Production ◽  
Additional Energy ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Social ◽  
Development Institutions ◽  
Technology Parks

In the scientific and production sphere, components of robotics and sensors, wireless communication technologies, virtual and augmented reality technologies, quantum technologies, neurotechnologies and artificial intelligence, distributed registry systems, new production technologies, industrial Internet are being introduced. Russia has created an infrastructure of science and innovation represented by various development institutions, business incubators, technology parks, which is planned to be used for the development of the digital economy. In the context of globalization, digital technologies are able to perform an important function of the social integration of mankind into a single metasystem, which is possible only with a certain degree of openness of social systems in relation to each other. Being artificially isolated from the external environment, the social system behaves according to the laws of physical systems in thermodynamics: the dissipation (dispersion) of energy is accompanied by an increase in entropy (disorder) in the system. The absence of feedbacks within the system and in relation to the external environment deprives the source of additional energy, leads to the wear, simplification, disorganization of the system. The article analyzes the factors affecting functioning of social systems, features and prospects of their development in the conditions of the digital economy. The author considers some parameters characterizing society as a social system.

scholarly journals Distributed artificial intelligence, diversity and information literacy

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Kåhre
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Systems Theory ◽  
Information Literacy ◽  
Social System ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Global Dimension ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Strong Artificial Intelligence ◽  
The Social ◽  
Symbolic Ai

My proposal is based on my doctoral dissertation On the Shoulders of AI-technology : Sociology of Knowledge and Strong Artificial Intelligence which I succesfully defended on May 29th 2009. E-published http://www.lu.se/o.o.i.s?id=12588&postid=1389611 The dissertation is concerned with Sociology’s stance in the debate on Strong Artificial Intelligence,.i.e. AI-systems that is able to shape knowledge on their own. There is a need for sociologists to realize the difference between two approaches to constructing AI systems: Symbolic AI (or Classic AI) and Connectionistic AI in a distributed model – DAI. Sociological literature shows a largely critical attitude towards Symbolic AI, an attitude that is justified. The main theme of the dissertation is that DAI is not only compatible with Sociology’s approach to what is social, but also constitutes an apt model of how a social system functions. This is consolidated with help from german sociologist Niklas Luhmann’s social systems theory. A lot of sociologists criticize AI because they think that diversity is important and can only be comprehended in informal circumstances that only humans interacting together can handle. They mean that social intelligence is needed to make something out of diversity and informalism. Luhmann´s systems theory gives the opposite perspective. It tells us that it is social systems that communicate and produce new knowledge structures out of contincency. Psychological systems, i.e. humans, can only think within the circumstances the social system offer. In that way human thoughts are bound by formalism. Diversity is constructed when the social systems interact with complexity in their environments. They reduce the complexity and try to present it as meaningful diversity. Today when most of academic literature is electronically stored and is accessible through the Internet from al over the world, DAI can help social systems to observe and reduce complexity in this global dimension. It is pointed out that human consciousness is limited in handling this global dimension. Therefore is it reasonable to argue that DAI in at least this dimension has a stronger intelligence than humans have. I will argue that Luhmann´s social theory and DAI give a god model to analyze the conditions for diversity in the Internet society. Further, the discussion about strong AI gives a lot of opportunities to discuss what sort of information literacy is needed and it also gives some perspective to discuss the concept of IL I have observed that the concept has evolved from something that coined some formal capacities, to something that has to do with a capacity to observe informal relations. That discussion can easily be compared to a parallel discussion within the debate about strong AI.

scholarly journals Representation of Social Systems as Nonlinear, Complex, Self-Organizing and Closely Related to Biosystems and Mathematical Model of Their Evolution

2021 ◽  
Vol 248 ◽  
pp. 03008
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Romanova ◽  
Ludmila Uvarova
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Social System ◽  
High Probability ◽  
General Structure ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Graphic Model ◽  
The Social ◽  
Spiral Structures ◽  
The Mathematical Model ◽  
Self Organizing

On the basis of the systemic and synergistic approaches, the features and regularity of the selforganizing systems, it is concluded that the social systems are nonlinear, open, complex, self-organizing systems. The scheme-model of the general structure of the social system is considered. Much attentions is given to the interactions of the social systems elements with the biosystems. The graphic model-tree, reflecting the association between the social systems and the biosystems. In connection with that the most significant technologies and the scientific trends, connecting with the biosystems: the gens, the genetic engineering, the artificial intellect, the bio- and nanotechnologies, the biomedicine, microbes, viruses are considered. The futures of the dynamics of the social systems are noted. It is shown, that, with a high probability, the spiral evolutionary processes can occur in the social systems. The mathematical model is presented, that describes the spiral structures, based on the Swift-Hohenberg equation.

scholarly journals NIKLAS LUHMANN’S SOCIAL SYSTEMS THEORY: THE ISSUE OF SUBSYSTEM AUTONOMY

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (4/2020) ◽  
pp. 151-170
Author(s):  
Milorad Djuric ◽  
Djordje Stojanovic
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
Social System ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Niklas Luhmann ◽  
Dynamic Complexity ◽  
Theoretical Position ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Classical Sociology

Niklas Luhmann articulates the basic elements of his authentic theoretical position as criticism of, as he calls them, classical sociology or classical organisation theory. While within these orientations, (social) systems are mainly interpreted as centralised entities whose structures are stabilised by purpose determined at the top, Luhmann, in his general theory of social systems privileges internal differentiation in which subsystems autonomously define their purposes, making society more flexible and capable of responding to environmental challenges. In that sense, the main intention of this paper is the creation of cognitive interest for the notions of complexity and flexibility, i.e. for the issue of subsystem autonomy, as the important elements of Luhmann’s general theory of social systems. Our premise is that the establishment of subsystem autonomy is not a matter of mere, a priori, theoretical and/or practical arbitrariness, nor does it mean an introduction into deconstruction of the system, but it represents a necessary step in the creation of successful responses of the social system to problems arising from the immense and dynamic complexity of its own environment. In other words, through the process of internal differentiation, by establishing subsystem autonomy, the social system increases its own complexity, i.e. ability to adjust to the environment. Thus, challenges arising from the environment are not transferred to the whole, but localised and processed in the appropriate, autonomous parts of the system. By so increasing its internal complexity, the system undeniably acquires the necessary flexibility, or capability for a faster and more efficient creation of alternative.

MODELING OF THE SOCIAL SYSTEM FOR TAJIK STUDENTS STUDYING IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 58-67
Author(s):  
Andrey Averchenkov ◽  
Amirmamad Murodmamadovich Alidodov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Social System ◽  
Management System ◽  
System Modeling ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Theoretic Approach ◽  
Process Data ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Russian Federation

Tajik students studying in the Russian Federation can be considered as a social system. Indeed, it is characterized by such universal (common to all social systems) characteristics as complex interrelation and interconitionality of internal processes, emergence, dynamics of social processes, and interconnection with outside environment. There are also a number of specific features of the social system of Tajik students studying at universities of the Russian Federation, namely as a social system. The application of a systematic approach, as well as the principles and concepts of management theory, makes it possible not only to formalize the very concept of the target asset (the social system of Tajik students studying in the Russian Federation), but also to describe its management system. Modeling of the target asset based on a set-theoretic approach was carried out for such difficult-to-formalize characteristics as personal data of Tajik students, data on their educational process, data on employment and obtaining additional professional skills, social and everyday nature data. For this purpose Boolean and linguistic variables are used in the work inter alia. The results obtained in the work of modeling the target asset (the social system of Tajik students studying in the Russian Federation) will subsequently describe not only the process of TS management, but also the specifics of monitoring the achievement of targets for the simulated management system.

Ensuring Sustainability of the Social Order as a Priority in the Field of National Security

2021 ◽  
pp. 8-25
Author(s):  
Hryhorii Sytnyk ◽  
Mariia Orel
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Social System ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
The State ◽  
System Level ◽  
The Social ◽  
Hierarchical Levels ◽  
The Stability

The purpose of the article is to analyze the factors on which the stability of the social order depends and to substantiate the expediency of its priority in the sphere of national security. The scientific novelty of the article is the justification of the interrelationship between national security and the stability of the social order in the need’s context to merge society around the goals that guarantee its security. Conclusions. The study shows that the sustainability of the social order ensures the existence and security of society and social institutions. We analyzed the axiological dimension of social order and sustainability through the disclosure of the social function of value orientation. We see them as the basis for the choice of action of the elements of social systems. In this context, we emphasized justifying the importance of a conceptual framework for its sustainability that considers the socio-cultural specificities of society and the values of the indivisible. We have shown that the main reason for the danger of social order and stability leading to the disintegration of society is the disparity of traditional values. They inform society of the ideological principles, program goals, and legal norms concerning its existence and the development of the State, which are determined by the highest political leadership. This makes it advisable to study the social system in question, its hierarchical levels, and their interrelationships. Hierarchical levels (moral, legal, conceptual) are described, their interrelationship is described, and it shows the category of sustainability to reflect the qualitative and quantitative assessment of the social order as a social system. Level – the quality (conflict-free) of its internal structuring. Emphasis has been placed on the desirability of distinguishing, at the conceptual level, the social order from the conceptual and ideological, and programmatic aspects this ensures that political decisions are made at the strategic level of public administration and that the strategic objectives of society, the means, and means of achieving them in national security, are justified. It has been established that the most effective means of destroying the State is to generate the prerequisites for threatening the stability of the social order, Therefore, the priority task of the actors of public administration and administration is to develop and implement a set of measures aimed at structuring and harmonizing principles, values and objectives at and between hierarchical levels of social order. We have identified basic prerequisites for the effectiveness of these measures, including mutually agreed goals, timetables, means, and methods of implementing strategies for socio-political and socio-economic development. Key words: social order, national security, public administration, social order and stability risks, value orientations, social order levels

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