scholarly journals Laboratory Findings of COVID-19 Infection are Conflicting in Different Age Groups and Pregnant Women: A Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sina Vakili ◽  
Amir Savardashtaki ◽  
Sheida Jamalnia ◽  
Reza Tabrizi ◽  
Mohammad Hadi Nematollahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Age Difference ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Radiologic Findings ◽  
Laboratory Results ◽  
Wbc Count

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a new type and rapidly spread viral pneumonia, is now producing an outbreak of pandemic proportions. The clinical features and laboratory results of different age groups are different due to the general susceptibility of the disease. The laboratory findings of COVID-19 in pregnant women are also conflicting. Para-clinical investigations including laboratory tests and radiologic findings play an important role in early diagnosis and treatment monitoring of severe acute respiratory syndrome and coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). The majority of previous reports on the SARS-CoV-2 laboratory results were based on data from the general population and limited information is available based on age difference and pregnancy status. This review aimed to describe the COVID-19 laboratory findings in neonates, children, adults, elderly and pregnant women altogether for the first time. The most attracting and reliable markers of COVID-19 in patients were: normal C-reactive protein (CRP) and very different and conflicting laboratory results regardless of clinical symptoms in neonates, normal or temporary elevated CRP, conflicting WBC count results and procalcitonin elevation in children, lymphopenia and elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in adult patients, lymphopenia and elevated CRP and LDH in the elderly people and high CRP, leukocytosis and elevated neutrophil ratio in pregnant women.

scholarly journals Clinical and laboratory findings in elderly with Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Babol, northern Iran – 2017-2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saleh Habibi ◽  
Arefeh Babazadeh ◽  
Soheil Ebrahimpour ◽  
Parisa Sabbagh ◽  
Mehran Shokri
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Morbidity and mortality are higher in older adults with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) than in other age groups. Also, CAP in older adults has various clinical manifestations with other. A higher mortality rate in the elderly with CAP may contribute to a delay in management. Consequently, the purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical and laboratory manifestations of CAP in the elderly. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 221 elderly patients with CAP who were admitted to Ayatollah Rouhani Hospital, in Babol, northern of Iran, in 2017-2019. Patient outcomes included 170 cases that recovered from CAP, and 51 cases that died of complications. Patients were evaluated in terms of their clinical and laboratory manifestations. The most common symptoms of pneumonia were cough (79.6%), sputum (73.8%), weakness (72.9%), fever (56%), dyspnea (46.2%). The most frequent underlying disease was ischemic heart disease (43.9%). In our study, clinical and laboratory characteristics in older patients with CAP were evaluated and compared with other studies confirming past findings, but there were differences in some cases, such as vital signs, gastrointestinal symptoms, and disturbance of the level of consciousness. Therefore, it recommends carefully taking the patients’ initial histories and accurately recording their clinical and laboratory symptoms.

scholarly journals A A Multicentre ICET-A Study of Confirmed SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Patients with Hemoglobinopathies: Preliminary Data from 10 Countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. e2020046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenzo De Sanctis
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Thalassemia Major ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Radiologic Findings ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Viral Respiratory Infections

Objectives: This study aims to investigate, retrospectively, the epidemiological and clinical characteristics, laboratory results, radiologic findings and outcomes of novel coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) in patients with transfusion dependent β thalassemia (β-thalassemia major-TM), non-transfusion dependent β thalassemia (β-thalassemia intermedia -TI) and sickle cell disease (SCD). Design, setting: A total of 17 Centers, from 10 countries, following 9,499 patients with hemoglobinopathies participated in the survey. Main outcome measures: Clinical, laboratory and radiologic findings and outcomes of patients with COVID-19 were collected from medical records and summarized. Results: A total of 13 patients, 7 with TM, 3 with TI and 3 with SCD, with confirmed COVID-19, were identified from 6 Centers from different countries. The overall mean age of patients was 33.7±12.3 years (range:13-66); 9/13 (69.2%) patients were females. The commonest symptoms in the 10 symptomatic patients were: fever (80%), cough (70%), headache (60%), fatigue (60%), gastrointestinal symptoms (diarrhea /vomiting/abdominal pain; 50%), tachypnea/dyspnea (40%), and sore throat (40%). Six patients had pneumonia (unilateral, bilateral or multiple opacity) and 4 needed oxygen therapy. An oxygen saturation ≤ 93% was documented in 3 patients at diagnosis. 6/10 patients had an exacerbation of anemia (2 with SCD, associated with back and chest pain in 1 patient), and 3 (<30%) had a decreased absolute number of lymphocytes. Increased C-reactive protein and D-dimers were the most common laboratory findings (66.6 %). Conclusions: The clinical presentation for COVID-19 in patients with β-thalassemia and SCD varies. Patients with mild/ordinary COVID-19 infection appear to have clinical symptoms and laboratory findings common to other viral respiratory infections. One 30 year old TM female patient with diabetes and chronic kidney disease. For a better understanding of COVID-19 in patients with hemoglobinopathies, further epidemiologic and clinical studies in a larger cohort of patients are required.

scholarly journals Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Early Travel-Associated COVID-19 Cases

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reham M. Marei ◽  
Mohamed M. Emara ◽  
Omar M. Elsaied ◽  
Gheyath K. Nasrallah ◽  
Tawanda Chivese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Data ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
World Health ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Male To Female

Background: SARS-CoV-2 continues to claim hundreds of thousands of people's lives. It mostly affects the elderly and those with chronic illness but can also be fatal in younger age groups. This article is the first comprehensive analysis of the epidemiological and clinical outcomes of the travel-associated SARS-CoV-2 cases until April 19, 2020.Methods: Demographic and clinical data of travel-associated SARS-CoV-2 cases were collected for the period between January 16, 2020 and April 19, 2020. More than one hundred and eighty databases were searched, including the World Health Organization (WHO) database, countries' ministries websites, and official media sites. Demographic and clinical data were extracted and analyzed.Results: A total of 1,186 cases from 144 countries meeting the inclusion criteria were reported and included in the analysis. The mean age of the cases was 44 years, with a male to female ratio of 1.6:1. Travel-associated cases originated from more than 40 countries, with China, Italy, and Iran reporting the highest numbers at 208, 225, and 155, respectively. Clinical symptoms varied between patients, with some reporting symptoms during the flights (117 cases; 9.87%). A total of 312 (26.31%) cases were hospitalized, of which 50 cases (4.22%) were fatal.Conclusion: Major gaps exist in the epidemiology and clinical spectrum of the COVID-19 travel-associated cases due to a lack of reporting and sharing data of many counties. The identification and implementation of methodologies for measuring traveler's risk to coronavirus would help in minimizing the spread of the virus, especially in the next waves.

scholarly journals Prevalence and factors related to infection and mortality due to COVID-19 among patients of Shohada Ghaen Hospital, Ghaen, Iran, 2020

2021 ◽  
pp. 375-384
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Hospital Data ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
First Case

Background and Aims: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging disease, whose first case was reported in December 2019, and rapidly affected the world. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the frequency and factors associated with morbidity and mortality due to COVID -19 in Ghaen, Iran. Materials and Methods: This retrospective descriptive-analytical study used the information sources of the portal of Shohada Ghaen Hospital, Gaen, Iran, from March 2020 to December 2021, which was collected from 1,124 patients with suspected respiratory infection referring to the hospital. Data using Chi-square and Fisher's exact test for univariate relationships. Moreover, two-way logistic regression was used to investigate the causal relationships, and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: In this study, the mean age of participants (n=1,124) was obtained at 51.6±24.5 years, and 546 (48.6%) subjects had a positive COVID-19 test by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, among whom 65 (11.9%) cases passed away. Clinical symptoms of body aches, coughs, diarrhea, and shortness of breath were associated with a positive COVID-19 test. It was also revealed that habitat, diabetes, cardiovascular and lung diseases, age, and job were risk factors of COVID-19 infection, and hospitalization in the ICU and age were identified as risk factors for COVID-19-caused death (P<0.05). Conclusion: In the present study, cough and shortness of breath were found to be the most frequent symptoms among patients and deceased individuals. Since these symptoms may be associated with a worse prognosis, they require the special attention of medical staff. The findings of this study also showed that the elderly were more at risk of death from this disease than other age groups, which increased the need for more education and attention to this group of society.

scholarly journals Clinical Manifestations and Pregnancy Outcomes of Covid-19 in Indonesian Referral Hospital in Central Pandemic Area

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ilham Aldika Akbar ◽  
Khanizyah Erza Gumilar ◽  
Rino Andriya ◽  
Manggala Pasca Wardhana ◽  
Pungky Mulawardhana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Cohort Design ◽  
Laboratory Results ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Objectives:. The data on clinical manifestations and pregnancy outcomes of pregnant women with COVID-19 are limited, particularly in developing countries. The aim of this study is to analyze the clinical manifestations and pregnancy outcomes in COVID-19 maternal cases in a large referral hospital in Indonesia Methods: The study used a prospective cohort design of all pregnant women with suspected COVID-19. Subjects were divided into COVID-19 and non COVID-19 group based on real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of SARS-CoV-2. The clinical characteristics, laboratory results, and pregnancy outcomes were then compared between both groups. Results: From 141 suspected maternal cases, 62 COVID-19 cases were confirmed (43.9%), while 79 suspected cases were found to be negative (56.1%). The clinical manifestations and laboratory findings between the two groups were not significantly different (p>0.05). However, the maternal mortality directly caused by COVID-19 was significantly higher compared to the non-COVID-19 group (8.3 vs 1.3%; p=0.044; OR 6.91, 95% CI: 0.79-60.81). Conclusions: The clinical manifestation and laboratory of suspected pregnant women with positive and negative RT-PCR COVID-19 result are similiar. However, within the Indonesian setting, COVID-19 strongly increases the risk of maternal death through both direct and indirect factors.

scholarly journals Association between Inflammatory Markers and Glycemic Control in Korean Diabetic Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-256
Author(s):  
Min Kang ◽  
Seok-Joon Sohn
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Age Difference ◽  
The Third ◽  
Wbc Count

Objectives: This study evaluated the association between inflammatory markers and glycemic control in Korean patients with diabetes mellitus.Methods: Using data from the 2007-2018 Korean National Health and Nutritional Examination, 4,186 diabetic subjects aged between 19 and 80 years were included in this study. Poor glycemic control was defined as level of HbA1c higher than 7%. Inflammation was measured by inflammatory markers including white blood cell (WBC) count and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), and those inflammatory markers were categorized into 4 groups by quartiles. A multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association between quartile of inflammatory markers and poor glycemic control after adjusting for demographic factors, lifestyle, and comorbidities.Results: Levels of WBC count and hsCRP were positively associated with the risk of poor glycemic control even after fully adjusting for potential confounders. For WBC count, compared with the first quartile, the second quartile was 1.50 (95% confidence interval, CI: 1.26-1.78), 1.71 (95 % CI:1.43-2.05) for the third, 2.00 (95% CI: 1.67-2.40) for the fourth. In case of hsCRP, compared with the first quartile, the second quartile was 1.15 (95% CI: 0.87-1.53), 1.59 (95% CI: 1.20-2.11) for the third, and 1.59 (95% CI: 1.19-2.12) for the fourth. There was significant age difference in the association between hsCRP and glycemic control. The association was more evident in the younger group than in the elderly group. Conclusions: High level of WBC and hsCRP were positively associated with the risk of poor glycemic control. These results suggest that in a Korean diabetic patient, inflammation was significantly associated with poor glycemic control.

scholarly journals Analysis of Clinical Symptoms and Laboratory Profiles in Children with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis in Malopolska Region (Poland) in the Years 2007-2010

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-61
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Żuber ◽  
Urszula Kania ◽  
Anna Król-Zdechlikiewicz ◽  
Anna Morawska ◽  
Bożena Pilch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Connective Tissue Diseases ◽  
Unknown Aetiology ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Enthesitis Related Arthritis ◽  
Common Category ◽  
Diagnostic Capacity

Background: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a heterogenic group of chronic inflammatory connective tissue diseases of unknown aetiology in children up to 16 years of age.Aim: The aim of this study was to analyse the incidence, clinical presentation and laboratory findings in children with JIA in Malopolska region.Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis included all children with JIA (N=251) hospitalized in the two reference rheumatology centres covering Malopolska region (Poland), between July 2007 and December 2010.Results: The annual incidence of JIA in Malopolska region was estimated at 9.5 per 100 000 children. Oligoarthritis (54.9%) was the most common category in all age groups with a tendency to decrease with age; from 71.4 % in children aged 1-6 years; 55.7% in aged 7-12 years to 39.3 % in aged 13-16 years. The frequency of polyarthritis and enthesitis-related arthritis was greater in adolescents (29.2 % and 22.5 %, respectively). HLA-B27 antigen and uveitis were most frequently found in children with enthesitis-related arthritis (58% and 18.5 %, respectively).Conclusions: The study suggests the improvement of diagnostic capacity of JIA during the last decade in Poland. In accordance with the existing data diverse clinical presentation of JIA categories and laboratory characteristics were proven.

scholarly journals Epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory findings for patients of different age groups with confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a hospital in Saudi Arabia

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0250955
Author(s):  
Mutasim E. Ibrahim ◽  
Obaid S. AL-Aklobi ◽  
Mosleh M. Abomughaid ◽  
Mushabab A. Al-Ghamdi
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Creatine Kinase Mb ◽  
D Dimer

Background Although the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues to rage worldwide, clinical and laboratory studies of this disease have been limited in many countries. We investigated the epidemiologic, clinical, and laboratory findings of COVID-19 infected patients to identify the effective indicators correlated with the disease. Methods A retrospective study was conducted at King Abdullah Hospital in Bisha Province, Saudi Arabia, from March 20 to June 30, 2020. Patients of different age groups were confirmed as having COVID-19 infection using a real-time polymerase chain reaction. The demographic, clinical, and laboratory data of the patients were statistically analyzed. Results Of the 132 patients, 85 were male and 47 were female, with a mean age of 50.9 years (SD±16.7). The patients were elderly (n = 29) and adults (n = 103). Of these, 54 (40.9%) had comorbidities, (25%) were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), and 12 (9.1%) died. On admission, the main clinical manifestations were fever (84.1%), cough (64.4%), shortness of breath (25%), chest pain (20.5%), and fatigue (18.2%). In all patients, increased neutrophils and decreased lymphocytes were observed. Patients’ lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was elevated. C-reactive protein (CRP) was elevated in 48.5%, D-dimer in 43.2%, and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) in 40.9% of patients. The elderly showed higher neutrophil (p = 0.011) and lower lymphocyte (p = 0.009) counts than adults. Glucose, creatine kinase-MB, LDH, bilirubin, D-dimer, and ESR were significantly higher in the elderly than in the adults. The COVID-19 death group had a higher leucocyte count (p = 0.036), and higher urea (p = 0.029) and potassium (p = 0.022) than the recovered group but had a lower hemoglobin concentration (p = 0.018). A significant association was determined between COVID-19 death and the presence of cardiovascular disease (χ2(1) = 16.297, p<0.001), hypertension (χ2(1) = 12.034, p = 0.001), renal failure (χ2(1) = 3.843, p = 0. 05), old age (t (130) = 4.9, p <0.001), and ICU admission (χ2(1) = 17.6 (1), p<0.001). Conclusions Investigating some of the laboratory and clinical parameters could help assess the disease progression, risk of mortality, and follow up patients who could progress to a fatal condition.

Normal Cerebrospinal Fluid Values in Children: Another Look

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 484-487
Author(s):  
Jay M. Portnoy ◽  
Lloyd C. Olson
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Cells ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Wbc Count ◽  
Csf Findings

Cerebrospinal fluid samples sterile for virus and bacteria from 371 patients who had no evidence of CNS pathology were examined. The patients were divided into five age categories. The white blood cell polymor-phonuclear, and mononuclear cell counts were evaluated. The frequency distributions for these cell counts were markedly skewed, so values were calculated as percentiles for each age group. WBC values were highest for CSF obtained from patients in younger age categories, but 25% of patients from all age categories had two or three WBCs in their CSF. Patients from all but the 3- to 6-month category had three polymorphonuclear cells in their CSF 5% of the time. There was no significant difference in CSF WBC count between patients who had seizures and those who did not. Knowledge of normal values in different age groups is needed for the interpretation of CSF findings, but it should be used in conjunction with other clinical and laboratory findings.

Some Clinical Manifestations and Laboratory Findings of Human Gigantica Fascioliasis in Pregnant Women and Children in Central-Coastal Provinces, Vietnam, 2003-2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Fasciola Gigantica ◽  
World Health ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Laboratory Parameters ◽  
Women And Children

Introduction: Fascioliasis is a disease of the hepatobiliary system, caused by Fasciola spp that are increasing and threating of public health in the tropic areas, including of Central coastal of Vietnam. World Health Organisation estimates that at least 2.4 million people are infected in more than 70 countries worldwide, with several million at risk, and particularly, no continent is free from fascioliasis. This study carried out to evaluate several typical clinical and paracinical aspects in the pregnant women and children groups with fascioliasis. Methods: With the descriptive cross-sectional study design, and sample size in line with hospital based data. Results: the data post-analysis showed that total of 94 pregnant women and 212 child with gigantica fascioliasis were enrolled:- In the pregnant women group: the major clinical symptoms of epigastric and Chauffard Rivet triangle pain (95.74%), subshoulder muscle pain (97.87%), gastrointestinal disturbances as abdominal pain plus constipation (14.89%), loosed stool (22.34%), nausea and/or vomit (29.78%), mild fever (68%), allergic reaction with pruritis and urticaria (64.89%), mild anemia (4.26%), rare symptoms may be hepatomegaly (6.38%), chest pain, dyspnoea (43.62%), jaundice (2.13%); Laboratory parameters were positive ELISA test with Fasciola gigantica antigen (95.74%), hepatobiliary lesions by ultrasound (97.87%), majority in right liver (90.32%), eosinophilia is the predominant indicator (90.42%), In the children group: the clinical manifestations included of epigastric and Chauffard-Rivet area pain (94.34%), flatuence, nausea and intermittent vomiting (76.41%), digestive disoders (40.57%), allergy (30.66%), fatigue plus weight loss (12.74%); laboratory findings included of hepatobiliary lesions by US (100%), positive ELISA with Fasciola gigantica antigen (96.70%), eosinophil of 93.39% and 1.90% positive copro-examination with Fasciolae eggs. Conclusions: In pregnant women, symptoms are indistinguishable from hepatobiliary, digestive tract diseases or overlap with gestation terrains, and clinical signs of paediatric fascioliasis may mimic a wide spectrum of hepatobiliary disorders laboratory parameters and imaging diagnostics, especially in FasELISA, hypereosinophilia and liver lesions by ultrasound were very useful in positive diagnosis.

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